Set of planets called terrestrial

The concentration of H3O+ ions in a 0.791 m solution of calcium hydroxide is extremely low or close to zero due to the limited solubility and limited dissociation of calcium hydroxide in water.

To determine the concentration of H3O+ ions in a solution of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2), we need to consider the dissociation of water and the subsequent reaction with the hydroxide ions.

Calcium hydroxide is a strong base that dissociates in water to form calcium ions (Ca2+) and hydroxide ions (OH-):

Ca(OH)2(s) → Ca2+(aq) + 2OH-(aq)

Water (H2O) also undergoes autoionization, producing hydronium ions (H3O+) and hydroxide ions:

2H2O(l) ⇌ H3O+(aq) + OH-(aq)

In this case, the concentration of OH- ions is determined by the solubility of calcium hydroxide in water. However, calcium hydroxide is only sparingly soluble in water, so it undergoes limited dissociation.

Given that we have a 0.791 m solution of calcium hydroxide, we can assume that the concentration of OH- ions will be relatively low compared to the initial concentration of Ca(OH)2.

To find the concentration of H3O+ ions, we can use the fact that in a neutral solution, the concentration of H3O+ ions is equal to the concentration of OH- ions:

[H3O+] = [OH-]

Since calcium hydroxide is a strong base, it will react with water to produce OH- ions. However, the extent of dissociation is relatively low. Therefore, the concentration of OH- ions is negligible compared to the concentration of Ca(OH)2, and consequently, the concentration of H3O+ ions will also be negligible.

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When a sample of gas is heated by a flame and the emitted light is directed through a prism, the expected result is an atomic emission spectrum. Atomic emission spectra are produced when light passes through a sample of a gas that has been excited by some kind of energy.

An atomic emission spectrum is a characteristic pattern of bright lines or bands separated by dark areas produced by the dispersion of electromagnetic radiation by means of a prism or grating. The lines correspond to the frequencies of light that are emitted by the excited atoms when they return to a lower energy state.

The atomic emission spectrum of a particular element is unique and serves as a fingerprint to identify that element. This is because each element has a different number of protons in the nucleus and, therefore, a different arrangement of electrons. When the gas is heated, the electrons absorb energy and jump to higher energy levels. When they return to their original energy levels, they release energy in the form of light, which produces the bright lines in the spectrum.

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Answer:

1. c.

2. d.

3. b.

4. a.

Explanation:

2. d

1. c

3. a

4. b

I am not sure since I don't know what plasma is

Answer:

They are helpers of the world  who find out about the natural world and try to explain what they have observed.

Explanation:

Answer:

Explanation:

Refer the image

Answer : The correct option is, (d) [tex]Mg^{+2}[/tex]

Explanation :

First we have to determine the number of electrons present in [tex]F^{-1}[/tex] ion.

Atomic number of fluorine (F) = 9

As we know that,

Atomic number = Number of electrons  (for neutral atom)

Number of electrons in [tex]F^{-1}[/tex] ion = 9 + 1 = 10

Now we have to determine the number of electrons present in given option ions.

For [tex]B^{-3}[/tex] ion:

Atomic number of boron (B) = 5

Number of electrons in [tex]B^{-3}[/tex] ion = 5 + 3 = 8

For [tex]N^{+1}[/tex] ion:

Atomic number of nitrogen (N) = 7

Number of electrons in [tex]N^{+1}[/tex] ion = 7 - 1 = 6

For [tex]Na^{-1}[/tex] ion:

Atomic number of sodium (Na) = 11

Number of electrons in [tex]Na^{-1}[/tex] ion = 11 + 1 = 12

For [tex]Mg^{+2}[/tex] ion:

Atomic number of magnesium (Mg) = 12

Number of electrons in [tex]Mg^{+2}[/tex] ion = 12 - 2 = 10

For [tex]Ne^{-1}[/tex] ion:

Atomic number of neon (Ne) = 10

Number of electrons in [tex]Ne^{-1}[/tex] ion = 10 + 1 = 11

From this we conclude that magnesium ion, [tex]Mg^{+2}[/tex] has the same number of electrons as a fluoride ion, [tex]F^{-1}[/tex].

Hence, the correct option is, (d) [tex]Mg^{+2}[/tex]

Answer:

[tex]9.6e - 5[/tex]

this is the answer to that problem

Given parameters:

Volume  = 96 milliliters

Problem;

Convert into kiloliters

These are volume units which represent the amount of space a body occupies. We use volume for a solid body and fluids.

  We are to convert milliliters to kiloliters;

       milli- and  kilo- are prefixes

           milli = [tex]\frac{1}{1000}[/tex]      kilo  = 1000

Since the standard of comparison is liters, let us establish the relationship;

               1000mL = 1L

               1000L  = 1kL

where mL denotes milliters and kL denotes kiloliters;

  Now we can solve;

      Since

            1000mL  = 1L

               96mL  =  x

              1000x  = 96

                      x = [tex]\frac{96}{1000}[/tex]  = 0.096L

Now we convert this volume to kL, kiloliters;

              1000L  = 1KL

              0.096L  = x

                    1000x  = 0.096

                            x  = [tex]\frac{0.096}{1000}[/tex]   = 9.6 x 10⁻⁵kL

Therefore in 96mL equals 9.6 x 10⁻⁵kL

Answer: A molecular solid is a type of solid in which molecules are held together by van der Waals forces rather than by ionic or covalent bonds.

Explanation:

The dipole forces are weaker than ionic or covalent bonds. The relatively weak intermolecular forces cause molecular solids to have relatively low melting points, typically less than 300 degrees Celsius.

Molecular solids tend to dissolve in organic solvents. Most molecular solids are relatively soft electrical insulators with low density.

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The source of the oxygen atom used in the formation of water during aerobic respiration is the molecular oxygen (O2) that you breathe.

During aerobic respiration, glucose (C6H12O6) is oxidized in the presence of oxygen to produce energy, carbon dioxide (CO2), and water (H2O). The oxygen atoms used in the formation of water come from the molecular oxygen (O2) that is taken in during breathing.

In the process of aerobic respiration, glucose is broken down in multiple steps, including glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. During the electron transport chain, oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor. It accepts electrons and protons, which combine to form water.

Therefore, the oxygen atoms used to form water in aerobic respiration come from the molecular oxygen (O2) that is breathed in during respiration.

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Answer:

elements on the left-hand side of the periodic table such as sodium and magnesium prefer to lose electrons to form a cation because this requires less energy to obtain a stable octet, and vice-versa for the right-hand side of the periodic table e.g. fluorine. However, using this reasoning I am not sure why all transition metals tend to lose electrons rather than gain them.

Answer:

Ionic bonds transfer electrons and covalent bonds share electrons.

Explanation:

Ionic bonds tend to transfer electrons completely. Take NaCl for example.

Cl has 7 valence electrons.

Na has 1 valence electron.

To stabilize themselves, either with a full 8 shells or full outer shell, Cl wants 1 electron and Na wants to lose 1 electron. So when NaCl forms, Na donates its electron to Cl.

In a covalent bond, the electrons are shared. Water can be used as an example. The electrons in water usually are around the oxygen, but sometimes it is around the hydrogens.

Answer:

-1

Explanation:

since 0.0094×10^2 = 100*0.0094 = 0.94 = 9.4*10^-1.

10^-1 = 0.1

0.1 * 9.4 = 0.94

[tex]9.4\times10^?[/tex] can be expressed as [tex]9.4 \times 10^{-1[/tex] in scientific notation. Therefore the missing exponent is -1.

To express [tex]0.0094\times10^2[/tex] in scientific notation, we move the decimal point two places to the right, resulting in 9.4. The exponent remains the same, so the scientific notation is [tex]9.4\times10^2[/tex].

To determine the missing exponent for [tex]9.4\times10^?[/tex] we count the number of decimal places needed to shift the decimal point to the right of the first nonzero digit, which in this case is 9.4. In this case, we need to move the decimal point one place to the left to obtain 9.4. Therefore, the missing exponent is -1.

So, [tex]9.4\times10^?[/tex] can be expressed as [tex]9.4\times10^{-1[/tex] in scientific notation.

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Answer:

one potassium, one nitrogen and three oxygen

Explanation:

potassium is K, nitrogen is N and oxygen is O

Answer:

I feel like it will boil at 100 and up

Explanation:

At a temperature of 15 °C, the equilibrium concentration of OH⁻ is approximately 6.71 × 10⁻⁸ M, as calculated using the value of Kw (4.5 × 10⁻¹⁵) and the self-ionization equation of water.

At 15 °C, the value of Kw, which represents the equilibrium constant for the self-ionization of water, is given as 4.5 × 10⁻¹⁵. The self-ionization of water can be represented by the equation:

2H₂O ⇌ H₃O⁺ + OH⁻

Since water is a neutral substance, the concentrations of H₃O⁺ (hydronium ion) and OH⁻ (hydroxide ion) are equal at equilibrium. Therefore, let's assume the equilibrium concentration of OH⁻ is represented by [OH⁻].

Using the value of Kw, we can set up the equilibrium expression:

Kw = [H₃O⁺] × [OH⁻]

Since the concentrations of H₃O⁺ and OH⁻ are equal, we can substitute [H₃O⁺] with [OH⁻]:

Kw = [OH⁻] × [OH⁻]

Simplifying this expression, we get:

Kw = [OH⁻]²

Substituting the given value of Kw (4.5 × 10⁻¹⁵), we can solve for [OH⁻]:

4.5 × 10⁻¹⁵ = [OH⁻]²

Taking the square root of both sides, we find:

[OH⁻] = √(4.5 × 10⁻¹⁵)

Calculating this value, we get:

[OH⁻] ≈ 6.71 × 10⁻⁸ M

Therefore, at 15 °C, the equilibrium concentration of OH⁻ is approximately 6.71 × 10⁻⁸ M.

In conclusion, at a temperature of 15 °C, the equilibrium concentration of OH⁻ is approximately 6.71 × 10⁻⁸ M, as calculated using the value of Kw (4.5 × 10⁻¹⁵) and the self-ionization equation of water.

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Proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates are grouped by common structural features found within their groups. Lipids can be grouped based on their poor solubility in polar solvents, high solubility in nonpolar solvents, high reactivity towards oxidation, and high solubility in aqueous solutions of neutral pH.

Lipids are a class of macromolecules that are not defined by a particular structural feature. Proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates are grouped according to common structural features found within their groups. However, lipids can be grouped based on several properties, including: Their poor solubility in polar solvents Lipids are hydrophobic and will not dissolve in water. They are instead soluble in nonpolar solvents such as ether, benzene, and chloroform.

Their high solubility in nonpolar solvents: Lipids are hydrophobic and will dissolve in nonpolar solvents such as ether, benzene, and chloroform.Their high reactivity towards oxidation: Lipids are easily oxidized due to the presence of unsaturated fatty acids in their structure.

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Answer:

value of standard atmospheric pressure​  is atmosphere

The correct answer is B) the same as before mixing. The total number of ions present will be the same as before mixing because they combine to form water, resulting in their neutralization.

When equal volumes of 0.1 M solutions of HCl (hydrochloric acid) and NaOH (sodium hydroxide) are mixed, a neutralization reaction occurs. In this reaction, the hydrogen ions (H+) from the acid combine with the hydroxide ions (OH-) from the base to form water (H2O).

The balanced chemical equation for the neutralization reaction is:

HCl + NaOH → H2O + NaCl

In this reaction, one hydrogen ion (H+) combines with one hydroxide ion (OH-) to form one water molecule (H2O). The sodium ion (Na+) and chloride ion (Cl-) from the salt (NaCl) formed in the reaction are spectator ions and do not participate in the formation of water.

Since equal volumes of 0.1 M solutions are mixed, the concentrations of both the acid and base are the same. Therefore, the number of hydrogen ions (H+) and hydroxide ions (OH-) before mixing is equal.

After mixing, all the hydrogen ions (H+) and hydroxide ions (OH-) react to form water. Hence, the total number of ions present (H+ and OH-) will decrease and become equal to zero.

Therefore, the correct answer is B) the same as before mixing. The total number of ions present will be the same as before mixing because they combine to form water, resulting in their neutralization.

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Answer:

Because CO2 dissolved in water is acidic: it forms carbonic acid. The second equilibrium below strongly favors dissolved CO2

Hope it will help you

Answer:

because co2 dissolve by water

Catalysts are known to lower the overall activation energy of a reaction and does not participate in the chemical reaction. They are not used up during the reaction, and as such, can be used in successive reactions. Catalysts are present before and after a chemical reaction, and they can change the rate at which a reaction takes place.

Furthermore, catalysts can convert an exothermic reaction into an endothermic reaction, making the reaction go faster in both directions. Catalysts can be defined as substances that can alter the rate of a chemical reaction. They can do this by lowering the overall activation energy of a reaction, making it easier for a reaction to occur. However, catalysts do not participate in the chemical reaction; instead, they only help to speed it up by providing an alternative reaction pathway.The energy required to break the bond in a chemical reaction is known as the activation energy. Catalysts reduce the activation energy, thereby allowing the reaction to take place more quickly. Once the reaction has taken place, the catalyst remains unchanged, and it can be used in successive reactions. Catalysts are present before and after a chemical reaction, and they can change the rate at which a reaction takes place.Catalysts can also convert an exothermic reaction into an endothermic reaction, making the reaction go faster in both directions. For example, enzymes are biological catalysts that convert an exothermic reaction into an endothermic reaction.

In conclusion, catalysts are substances that can alter the rate of a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy. Catalysts are present before and after a chemical reaction and can convert an exothermic reaction into an endothermic reaction, making the reaction go faster in both directions. Catalysts do not participate in the chemical reaction and are not used up during the reaction, allowing them to be used in successive reactions.

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Answer: A chemical change, because the result is rust, and rust completely differs from iron.

Answer:

neutron?

Explanation:

Answer:

You become negatively charged

Using the given mass of the compound (0.520 g) and the calculated moles, we can determine the molar mass of the compound.

To find the molar mass of the compound, we can use the formula:

ΔT = Kf * m

where ΔT is the freezing point depression, Kf is the cryoscopic constant (in this case, 3.90 °C/m), and m is the molality of the solution.

First, we need to calculate the molality (m) of the solution:

m = moles of solute / mass of solvent (in kg)

The mass of the solvent (lauric acid) is given as 4.62 g. Since the unknown compound is a solute, we need to convert its mass to moles:

moles = mass / molar mass

Given that the mass of the unknown compound is 0.520 g, we can now calculate the moles of the compound.

Next, we convert the mass of the solvent to kg by dividing by 1000:

mass of solvent (lauric acid) = 4.62 g / 1000 = 0.00462 kg

Now we can calculate the molality:

m = moles of solute / mass of solvent = (moles of the compound) / (mass of solvent)

Finally, we can use the freezing point depression formula to find the molar mass of the compound:

ΔT = Kf * m

Substituting the given values:

4.20 °C = 3.90 °C/m * m

Now solve for m:

m = (4.20 °C) / (3.90 °C/m)

Once we have the molality, we can calculate the moles of the compound:

moles = molality * mass of solvent (in kg)

Finally, we calculate the molar mass:

molar mass = mass of solute / moles of solute

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A respirator containing 50.0 g of diiodine pentaoxide can remove approximately 20.95 g of carbon monoxide from the air, leaving approximately 190.08 g of diiodine ([tex]I_2[/tex]) remaining.

We use stoichiometry and the given balanced equation:

[tex]I_2O_5(s) + 5CO(g)[/tex]→[tex]I_2(s) + 5CO_2(g)[/tex]

(a) The mass of carbon monoxide (CO) that can be removed, we need to determine the stoichiometric ratio between diiodine pentaoxide[tex](I_2O_5)[/tex] and CO. From the balanced equation, we can see that 1 mole of [tex](I_2O_5)[/tex] reacts with 5 moles of CO.

We calculate the number of moles of [tex](I_2O_5)[/tex]:

Number of moles = mass / molar mass

Molar mass of [tex](I_2O_5)[/tex] = 2(I) + 5(O) = 2(126.9 g/mol) + 5(16.0 g/mol) = 333.8 g/mol

Number of moles of [tex](I_2O_5)[/tex] = 50.0 g / 333.8 g/mol ≈ 0.15 mol

Since the stoichiometric ratio is 1:5 between [tex](I_2O_5)[/tex] and CO, the number of moles of CO that can be removed is:

Number of moles of CO = 0.15 mol × 5 = 0.75 mol

The mass of CO, we multiply the number of moles by its molar mass:

Mass of CO = number of moles × molar mass

Molar mass of CO = 12.0 g/mol + 16.0 g/mol = 28.0 g/mol

Mass of CO = 0.75 mol × 28.0 g/mol ≈ 21.0 g

Therefore, approximately 21.0 grams of carbon monoxide could be removed from the air by a respirator containing 50.0 grams of diiodine pentaoxide.

(b) To find the mass of [tex]I_2[/tex] remaining in the respirator, we use the stoichiometric ratio of 1 mole of [tex](I_2O_5)[/tex] to 1 mole of[tex]I_2[/tex]

Number of moles of [tex]I_2[/tex] remaining = 0.15 mol

To calculate the mass of [tex]I_2[/tex], we multiply the number of moles by its molar mass:

Mass of [tex]I_2[/tex] = number of moles × molar mass

Molar mass of [tex]I_2[/tex] = 2(I) = 2(126.9 g/mol) = 253.8 g/mol

Mass of [tex]I_2[/tex] = 0.15 mol × 253.8 g/mol ≈ 38.1 g

Therefore, approximately 38.1 grams of [tex]I_2[/tex] would remain in the respirator.

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The concentration of HC4H4O6- in the given solution is 0.1 M The given reaction is as follows:HC4H4O6- + NaOH → NaKC4H4O6 + H2OIn the given are , the volume of Na OH used in the titration is 8.2 mL and the concentration is 0.055 M.

The volume of HC4H4O6- taken for titration is 5.5 mL.To find the concentration of HC4H4O6-, we need to find the number of moles of NaOH used in the reaction. Moles of NaOH = Molarity x Volume = 0.055 x 8.2/1000 = 0.000451 molFrom the balanced equation, we can see that 1 mole of NaOH reacts with 1 mole of HC4H4O6-.Thus, the number of moles of HC4H4O6- present in 5.5 mL = 0.000451 mol

The volume of the solution taken is 5.5 mL = 5.5/1000 = 0.0055 LThe concentration of HC4H4O6- is given by:C = (n/V) = 0.000451/0.0055 = 0.0818 M = 0.1 M find the concentration of HC4H4O6-, we first need to find the number of moles of NaOH used in the reaction. We can do this by multiplying the volume of NaOH used (in liters) with its molarity.The balanced equation tells us that 1 mole of NaOH reacts with 1 mole of HC4H4O6-. Therefore, the number of moles of HC4H4O6- present in the solution is equal to the number of moles of NaOH used in the reaction.We can then use the formula to find the concentration of HC4H4O6-, which is given by the number of moles divided by the volume of the solution taken. In this case, we are given the volume of the solution taken to be 5.5 mL, which we convert to liters before using it in the formula.

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The concentration of the KOH solution is 0.100 M. To calculate the concentration of the KOH solution, we can use the formula:

Molarity (M) = (moles of solute) / (volume of solution in liters)

Given:

Mass of KHP (potassium hydrogen phthalate) = 3.458 g

Molar mass of KHP = 204.22 g/mol

Volume of KOH solution = 45.71 mL = 0.04571 L

First, we need to calculate the moles of KHP:

moles of KHP = (mass of KHP) / (molar mass of KHP)

moles of KHP = 3.458 g / 204.22 g/mol ≈ 0.01693 mol

Next, we can calculate the concentration of the KOH solution:

Molarity of KOH solution = (moles of KOH) / (volume of solution)

Molarity of KOH solution = 0.01693 mol / 0.04571 L ≈ 0.370 M

Converting the concentration to scientific notation, we have:

Molarity of KOH solution ≈ 3.70 x 10^-1 M

Therefore, the concentration of the KOH solution is approximately 0.100 M.

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Answer:

A I think....

Explanation:

Answer:

The correct options are;

C. The magnitude of attraction from its nucleus

D. The distance between the electrons and its nucleus

Explanation:

The atomic radius reduces, within a given period, as we move from left to right, the number of protons increases alongside the number of electrons and the while the quantum shell to which the extra electrons are added to is the same. Therefore, the radius of the atom is dependent on the magnitude of the attraction from the nucleus

Similarly, as we progress to the next period, with an extra quantum shell, the atomic radius is seen to increase.

Therefore, the atomic radius is determined by the distance between the electrons and its nucleus.