Some gram-negative prokaryotes adhere to surfaces and exchange genetic information using relatively short hairlike structures called pili.
Gram-negative bacteria are found in virtually all environments on Earth that support life. The gram-negative bacteria include the model organism Escherichia coli, as well as many pathogenic bacteria, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Yersinia pestis. Gram-negative bacteria have a cell envelope containing two membranes, the outer membrane is characterized by the presence of lipopolysaccharide in the outer leaflet of the bilayer structure. The lipopolysaccharide is involved in several aspects of pathogenicity.
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What is the primary structural constituent in plant tissues?
A) chlorophyll
B) starch
C) cellulose
D) enzymes
E) protein
The primary structural constituent in plant tissues is option C) cellulose. This is a complex carbohydrate made up of chains of glucose molecules, which provide strength and rigidity to the cell walls of plants.
Cellulose is the most abundant organic compound on earth and is found in all plant cells, from the smallest algae to the largest trees. Other options are incorrect because chlorophyll is a pigment that captures light energy for photosynthesis, starch is a storage carbohydrate found in plants, enzymes are proteins that catalyze biochemical reactions, and protein is a macronutrient used for growth and repair in organisms.
The other options are incorrect because:
A) Chlorophyll is a pigment involved in photosynthesis, not in providing structural support.
B) Starch is a carbohydrate used for energy storage, not for structural support.
D) Enzymes are proteins that catalyze chemical reactions, but they do not provide structural support.
E) Proteins can serve many functions, including providing some structure, but they are not the primary structural constituent in plant tissues like cellulose is.
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The size and shape of a colony is not useful for identification of a microorganism because most microorganisms produce colonies that are indistinguishable from one another. (T/F)
True. The size and shape of a colony is not a reliable method for identifying a microorganism because many microorganisms can produce colonies that are very similar or even indistinguishable from one another.
Other methods, such as biochemical tests or genetic analysis, are typically required for accurate identification. The size and shape of a colony are not useful for identification of a microorganism because most microorganisms produce colonies that are indistinguishable from one another. This means that different microorganisms can form colonies with similar size and shape, making it difficult to identify them based solely on these characteristics.
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Decommissioned oil rigs are sometimes converted to artificial reefs in the Gulf of Mexico. What is the likely impact to the ecosystem by creating artificial reefs around these retired oil rigs?
Answer:
The creation of artificial reefs by repurposing decommissioned oil rigs can have both positive and negative impacts on the ecosystem of the Gulf of Mexico.
On the positive side, the artificial reefs provide a new habitat for a variety of marine organisms. These organisms can attach to the structure of the rig and create their own ecosystem, attracting other species to the area. This can create new opportunities for fishing and recreational activities, which can also have positive economic impacts.
On the negative side, the decommissioned oil rigs may still contain hazardous materials that can leach into the surrounding waters and harm marine life. Additionally, the artificial reefs may alter the natural habitat of the area, which can impact the distribution and behavior of other marine species in the surrounding ecosystem. This could potentially lead to an imbalance in the ecosystem, affecting the survival of certain species.
Explanation:
in answer
how do linked genes travel in meiosis
Linked genes travel in meiosis when two homogeneous chromosomes exchange genetic material during meiosis.
Linked genes are those genes that are located on the same chromosome. Alleles for these genes segregate together during meiosis. But they can also be separated by crossing over. In crossing over two homogeneous chromosomes exchange genetic material during meiosis.
When the genes are closer together on a chromosome, their alleles are less likely to be separated by crossing over. This explains the reason why certain characteristics are frequently inherited together. Like, the genes for hair color and eye color are linked. So certain hair color always comes with a particular eye color.
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How would the membrane lipid composition of a native grass found in very warm soil compare with that of cooler soil? Explain.
CC 7.1
The membrane lipid composition of a native grass found in very warm soil would likely have a higher proportion of unsaturated fatty acids compared to that of cooler soil.
This is because unsaturated fatty acids have a lower melting point than saturated fatty acids, which allows the membrane to maintain fluidity in warmer temperatures. On the other hand, cooler soil would require a higher proportion of saturated fatty acids to maintain membrane fluidity. Additionally, the ratio of different types of lipids such as phospholipids and glycolipids may also differ between the two environments depending on the specific adaptations of the grass to the temperature conditions.
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in the kinyoun acid-fast staining method, highly concentrated ___ is used to penetrate the cell wall and colorize acid-fast bacterial cells
In the Kinyoun acid-fast staining method, highly concentrated carbolfuchsin is used to penetrate the cell wall and colorize acid-fast bacterial cells.
This method is commonly used to identify the presence of acid-fast bacteria, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which are difficult to stain with traditional staining methods due to their unique cell wall composition. The carbolfuchsin dye is mixed with phenol, which acts as a mordant to help the dye adhere to the bacterial cell wall. The stained cells are then treated with acid-alcohol to decolorize non-acid-fast bacteria, and then counterstained with methylene blue to provide contrast for non-acid-fast organisms. The result is a distinctive pink or red color for acid-fast bacteria and blue or purple color for non-acid-fast organisms. The Kinyoun acid-fast staining method is often used in clinical laboratories to identify tuberculosis infections and is an important tool in the diagnosis and management of this disease. Overall, the Kinyoun acid-fast staining method is a valuable diagnostic tool that allows for the rapid identification of acid-fast bacteria, which can lead to early treatment and improved patient outcomes.
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Which is used more often by taxonomic scientists? Common name or scientific name? Why?
By using scientific names, scientists can effectively communicate about specific species and maintain consistency in their research and documentation.
Taxonomic scientists generally use scientific names more often than common names. The reason for this preference is that scientific names, which are based on the binomial nomenclature system, provide a universally recognized and standardized way to identify and classify organisms.
This system helps avoid confusion that can arise from common names, which may vary among languages and regions. By using scientific names, scientists can effectively communicate about specific species and maintain consistency in their research and documentation.
Therefore, to ensure accuracy and clarity in their work, taxonomic scientists prefer to use scientific names.
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1. Follow the steps below to search for scholarships that fit your personal profile.
(5 points)
1. Go to the College Board Scholarship Search site.
2. Click "Start." Then fill in your personal information and click "See Results."
3. Browse through the scholarships that the search returns.
4. List and briefly describe two scholarships that you might be interested in
applying for. Make sure you include the following:
o The name of the scholarship
o The eligibility requirements
o The application requirements
o The amount of the award
• A sentence or two explaining why you might (or might not) qualify
When looking for scholarships , it is critical to consider your individual profile, counting your scholastic accomplishments, extracurricular exercises, community benefit, and monetary require.
What is the scholarships about?Once you have got distinguished potential scholarships , make beyond any doubt to carefully survey the qualification prerequisites and application strategies. A few grants may require you to yield essays, letters of proposal, or transcripts, whereas others may be based exclusively on your monetary require.
It is additionally vital to consider the sum of the scholarships , as a few scholarships may only cover a parcel of your educational cost and expenses. Be beyond any doubt to prioritize grants that offer critical money related back and adjust along with your scholastic and career objectives.
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3.A classmate
states that because land animals
evolved from fishes and then flying
things evolved from walking things,
we can predict that future life will
evolve to travel in outer space.
Write a logical argument against
this statement. Be sure to support
your argument with examples.
Since A classmate states that because land animals evolved from fishes and then flying things evolved from walking things, we can predict that future life will evolve to travel in outer space. The logical argument against this statement is given below
What is the argument?The argument that life in the future will progress towards space exploration through the same process as land animals evolving from fishes and flying creatures emerging from their terrestrial counterparts is one that lacks logical consistency.
It is crucial to recognize that the transformation of land creatures from fish and the transformation of aerial beings from terrestrial beings were influenced by distinct ecological demands and adjustments, including the necessity to respire oxygen or evade predators.
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The gluteal tuberosity is a bone marking found on the __________.
patella
femur
tibia
os coxa
fibula
The gluteal tuberosity is a bone marking found on the femur. It is a rough, elevated area located on the posterior surface of the femur, which serves as an attachment site for the gluteus maximus muscle.
The gluteus maximus muscle is the largest muscle in the human body and is responsible for the extension and lateral rotation of the hip joint. Its origin is from the ilium, sacrum, and coccyx, and it inserts onto the gluteal tuberosity and the iliotibial tract. The gluteal tuberosity is an important anatomical landmark for orthopedic surgeons and anatomists as it helps in identifying the location of the femoral shaft during surgical procedures and dissections. The femur is the longest and strongest bone in the human body, and its various markings serve as attachment sites for muscles, ligaments, and tendons, contributing to the overall stability and mobility of the hip joint.
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with dna (deoxyribonucleic acid) profiling, a unique genetic profile can be derived from___found at the scene of a crime or on a victim. question 9 options: O hair O semen O blood O all of the answers are correct
Answer: All of the answers are correct
Explanation: The root of the hair fiber, however, does contain DNA,the majority of DNA in the ejaculation sample is from spermatozoa, there is much less DNA to be analyzed.biological evidence such as hair, skin cells, semen, or blood can be left on the victim's body or other parts of the crime scene.
Answer:
All answers are correct.
Explanation:
A two-strand double crossover between two linked genes produces only_____ gametes
Answer:
nonrecombinant gametes
Which part of the acacia plant is an adaptation for the plant's defenses?
O A. Small leaves
OB. Woody stems
OC. Sharp thorns
о D. Yellow flowers
The sharp thorns are present in the acacia plant as an adaptation for defense.
The correct option is option C.
The acacia plants has some very useful behavioral as well as physical adaptations in order to discourage animals from eating the leaves. The plant has adapted to developed long as well as sharp thorns to defend itself.
It also shows a symbiotic relationship with the stinging ants. These stinging ants basically live inside the thorns of the acacia plant which they have hollowed out. They defend the plant and in return they feed on the nectar which is produced by the plant.
Hence, the correct option is C.
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g what is the chandrasekhar limit? b.) what happens if a white dwarf's mass becomes larger than the chandrasekhar limit and how might this happen
A stable white dwarf star can have a maximum mass of around 1.4 times the mass of the sun, which is known as the Chandrasekhar limit.
A white dwarf will collapse under its own gravity and erupt in a supernova if its mass surpasses the Chandrasekhar limit. This can happen if two white dwarfs combine or if the white dwarf accumulates mass through accretion from a companion star. Massive amounts of energy are released during the explosion, and either a neutron star or a black hole may be left behind.
The fate of white dwarf stars, which are the final states of the majority of stars like the sun, is determined by the Chandrasekhar limit, which is a crucial idea in astrophysics. The electron degeneracy pressure that holds a white dwarf against gravity stops being able to offset the pull of gravity as the white dwarf's mass exceeds the Chandrasekhar limit. As a result, the star's density and temperature rapidly rise, resulting in an uncontrolled collapse. The star explodes as a supernova as the density gets close to nuclear densities, which starts carbon fusion and releases a lot of energy. Because of its role in the synthesis of heavy elements and the spread of matter across the universe, this process is crucial.
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7) Fermentation pathways provide a cell with an alternative way to regenerate NAD+ for glycolysis.
a. true
b. false
True. Fermentation pathways provide a cell with an alternative way to regenerate NAD+ for glycolysis.
The statement is true. Fermentation pathways allow a cell to regenerate NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide), which is required for glycolysis, the initial stage of cellular respiration. In glycolysis, glucose is converted to pyruvate, and this process generates energy and a small amount of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) while consuming NAD+. When NAD+ levels are low, glycolysis cannot continue, and the cell cannot produce ATP through aerobic respiration. Fermentation pathways enable the cell to regenerate NAD+ by oxidizing NADH, which is generated in glycolysis, and releasing energy in the form of ATP. Therefore, fermentation pathways allow the cell to produce ATP through glycolysis even when oxygen is not available or in limited supply.
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Which statement about population monitoring is false?
The false statement about population monitoring is "Population monitoring is only necessary for endangered species" because Population monitoring is important for all species, not just endangered species.
Option C. statement is false.
Monitoring populations can provide valuable information for managing and conserving wildlife, as well as assessing the health of ecosystems. By tracking changes in population size, structure, and distribution over time, managers can identify trends and potential threats, and take action to mitigate negative impacts.
It is important to monitor populations of all species, including those that are not endangered, to ensure their long-term survival and ecological functioning.
Therefore, statement C is false.
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The question is incomplete. the complete question is:
Which statement about population monitoring is false?
A) Population monitoring is the process of observing and recording changes in the size, structure, and distribution of a population over time.
B) Population monitoring can provide important data for conservation and management of wildlife species.
C) Population monitoring is only necessary for endangered species.
D) Population monitoring methods include visual surveys, radio-telemetry, and genetic analysis.
Which of these proteins bind to the rolling leukocyte, causing it to adhere tightly to the endothelium?A. integrinsB. PAF receptorsC. ICAMsD. P-selectionsE. selectins
The proteins that bind to the rolling leukocyte, causing it to adhere tightly to the endothelium are: A. integrins and C. ICAMs.
ICAMs, or intercellular adhesion molecules, are a group of proteins that are also involved in cell adhesion. They are expressed on the surface of endothelial cells and interact with integrins on the surface of leukocytes.
This interaction strengthens the adhesion of the leukocyte to the endothelium, allowing it to firmly adhere and subsequently migrate into the surrounding tissues.
Together, integrins and ICAMs play a critical role in the process of leukocyte extravasation, enabling leukocytes to adhere to the endothelium and migrate into tissues to mount an immune response.
Dysregulation of this process can lead to a variety of inflammatory diseases, including autoimmune disorders and chronic inflammation.
In conclusion, the proteins that bind to rolling leukocytes and cause them to adhere tightly to the endothelium are integrins and ICAMs. These proteins play a crucial role in the process of leukocyte extravasation and are important in the immune response and inflammation.
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What genotype would a long haired guinea pig have?
Answer:
the allele for long hair in guinea pigs is denoted as "L". A long haired guinea pig can be homozygous dominant (LL) or heterozygous (Ll) for this allele. A short haired guinea pig would be homozygous recessive (ll) for this trait.
Explanation:
The genetics of hair length in guinea pigs is determined by a single gene, with the long hair allele denoted as "L". Therefore, a long haired guinea pig can have either the genotype LL or Ll, while a short haired guinea pig would have the genotype ll. It's important to note that the expression of the long hair phenotype is not always straightforward, as other genetic and environmental factors can also influence the guinea pig's fur length and texture.
no answer choices so hope this helps
a geneticist crossed homozygous, dominant green pod color pea plants (gg) with homozygous recessive yellow pod color pea plants (gg). all the plants in the f1 generation had green pods. what ratio of green pod color plants to yellow pod color plants would you predict when you cross a green pod color f1 plant with a yellow pod color plant?
The cross between homozygous dominant green pod color pea plants (GG) and homozygous recessive yellow pod color pea plants (gg) results in all heterozygous green pod color offspring in the F1 generation (Gg).
When a green pod color F1 plant (Gg) is crossed with a yellow pod color plant (gg), the predicted ratio of green pod color plants to yellow pod color plants can be determined using a Punnett square.
The gametes produced by the green pod color F1 plant (Gg) are G and g, while the gametes produced by the yellow pod color plant (gg) are all g.
The Punnett square for this cross would be:
G g
g Gg gg
g Gg gg
The possible offspring are Gg (green pod color) and gg (yellow pod color), with a predicted ratio of 1:1.
Therefore, the ratio of green pod color plants to yellow pod color plants when crossing a green pod color F1 plant (Gg) with a yellow pod color plant (gg) would be 1:1.
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If an enzyme is added to a solution in which its substrate and product are in equilibrium, what will occur?
A) Additional product will be formed.
B) The reaction will change from endergonic to exergonic.
C) The free energy of the system will change.
D) Nothing; the reaction will stay at equilibrium.
A) Additional product will be formed. If an enzyme is added to a solution in which its substrate and product are in equilibrium, the answer is A) Additional product will be formed. This is because enzymes speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur.
When an enzyme is added to a reaction at equilibrium, it will accelerate the forward reaction and the equilibrium will shift towards the formation of additional product. However, the overall free energy of the system will not change (answer C is incorrect) and the reaction will remain at equilibrium until all of the substrate has been converted into product. The addition of an enzyme does not change the energetics of the reaction, so answer B is also incorrect. Therefore, the correct answer is A) Additional product will be formed.
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Please help!
Place a T beside those statements you think are true and an F beside those statements you think are false.
Anticipation Statements:
Earth's population will exceed its global capacity by 2050.
Human population growth is increasing globally.
There is no safe limit for radiation exposure.
Biomass energy creates indoor pollutants.
Vaccines can treat communicable diseases
1.Earth's population will exceed its global capacity by 2050. - T (True)
2. Human population growth is increasing globally. - T (True)
3. There is no safe limit for radiation exposure. - F (False)
4. Biomass energy creates indoor pollutants. - T (True)
5. Vaccines can treat communicable diseases. - T (True)
According to the United Nations, the world's population is projected to reach 9.7 billion by 2050, which raises concerns about whether the planet can sustainably support such a large population.
The global population has been steadily increasing over the past few centuries, and the rate of growth has increased significantly since the mid-twentieth century.
While it is true that exposure to high levels of radiation can be harmful, there are established safe limits for radiation exposure. These limits are based on extensive scientific research and are used to protect individuals from the harmful effects of radiation.
Burning biomass, such as wood, can release pollutants such as carbon monoxide and particulate matter, which can have negative health effects if they are not properly vented.
Vaccines are a highly effective way to prevent and treat communicable diseases by providing immunity to individuals against specific diseases.
Therefore, the statements 1, 2,4 & 5 are true & statement 3 is false.
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The experience of pain involves which of the following brain areas. Select each of the choices that correctly answers this question.
Answer options:
Amygdala
Hippocampus
Prefrontal cortex
Thalamus
Cerebellum
Pain is an incredibly complex experience that involves several brain regions. The primary brain regions involved in pain are the amygdala, hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, thalamus, and cerebellum.
Here, all the options are correct.
The amygdala is the brain region responsible for emotional processing, which is why pain can be accompanied by strong emotional reactions. The hippocampus helps to store memories, which is why some people associate certain types of pain with traumatic events.
The prefrontal cortex is responsible for decision making, which may be involved in why some people choose to ignore or push through pain. The thalamus is a relay station that helps to process sensory information, which is why pain can be so intense.
Finally, the cerebellum is involved in motor coordination and balance, which is why pain can cause dizziness and loss of balance.
Therefore, all the options are correct.
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Which type of tissue supports, protects, and binds together parts of the body?
A) epithelial tissue
B) nerve tissue
C) muscle tissue
D) connective tissue
T/F: Osteopenia is thinner-than-average bone density. This term is used to describe the condition of someone who does not yet have osteoporosis, but is at risk for developing it.
True. Osteopenia refers to thinner-than-average bone density, indicating a condition in which bone mineral density is lower than normal but not yet at the level to be classified as osteoporosis.
It is considered a precursor to osteoporosis and signifies a state of reduced bone mass, making individuals at higher risk for developing osteoporosis in the future.
Osteopenia is typically diagnosed through a bone density test, such as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The results of the test are reported as T-scores, which compare an individual's bone density to that of a healthy young adult of the same sex. A T-score between -1 and -2.5 standard deviations below the average indicates osteopenia.
While osteopenia signifies reduced bone density, it does not automatically mean an individual will progress to osteoporosis.
However, it does highlight the need for preventive measures and lifestyle modifications to maintain or improve bone health. These measures may include regular weight-bearing exercise, adequate calcium and vitamin D intake, smoking cessation, limiting alcohol consumption, and addressing any underlying medical conditions that may contribute to bone loss.
Regular monitoring and appropriate interventions can help individuals with osteopenia minimize the risk of developing osteoporosis and reduce the potential for fractures in the future.
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which of the following has the highest biodiversity, 200 dolphins, 5 elephants 2 lions 1 zebra, or 100 ants 5 anteaters.
Answer: 200 dolphins
Explanation: there are more dolphins so they have the most biodiversity
Biodiversity refers to the diversity of life forms in an ecosystem, which is measured by the number of different species present. Among the given group of animals, the collection of elephants, lions and zebra demonstrates the highest biodiversity due to the presence of three distinct species.
Explanation:The concept of biodiversity refers to the variety of life forms in a given habitat or ecosystem. It is usually measured by the numbers of different species present in the ecosystem. Therefore, among 200 dolphins, 5 elephants 2 lions 1 zebra, and 100 ants 5 anteaters, the group that showcases the highest biodiversity would be the one with the most diverse species, which is the group with 5 elephants, 2 lions, and 1 zebra.
The reason is simple: this group consists of three different species (elephant, lion, and zebra), while the other two groups (dolphins and ants with anteaters) only have one or two species, respectively. Regardless of the number of individual organisms (200 dolphins or 100 ants and 5 anteaters), the diversity of species serves as the key measure of biodiversity.
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What is the name of the disease when it located in the mucous membranes of the nose and mouth?
__________________ produces only a small amount of energy. Most of glucose's energy (90%) remains locked in the chemical bonds of pyruvic acid at the end of glycolysis.
Glycolysis produces only a small amount of energy.
Glycolysis is the first step in cellular respiration, during which glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvic acid. Although glycolysis produces some energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), most of the energy (90%) remains stored within the chemical bonds of pyruvic acid. This means that only a small portion of the energy from glucose is released during glycolysis, and the majority is still contained in the pyruvic acid molecules.
In summary, glycolysis produces a limited amount of energy, as 90% of glucose's energy remains locked in the chemical bonds of pyruvic acid at the end of this process. Further steps in cellular respiration, such as the Krebs cycle and electron transport chain, are necessary to release the remaining energy stored in pyruvic acid.
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Which of the following would most likely neutralize the effect of acid rain on bodies of water based on the composition of soils and bedrock in
the region?
A. an area downwind of a coal-burning electrical plant
B. A valley that is frequently shrouded in fog
C. A forest underlain by limestone
D. An open plain underlain by granite
A forest underlain by limestone would most likely neutralize the effect of acid rain on bodies of water based on the composition of soils and bedrock in the region.
A forest underlain by limestone would most likely neutralize the effect of acid rain on bodies of water based on the composition of soils and bedrock in the region. Limestone is a type of rock that contains calcium carbonate, which acts as a natural buffer against acid rain. When acid rain falls on the forest floor, the calcium carbonate in the soil reacts with the acid to neutralize it before it can reach the bodies of water. In contrast, an area downwind of a coal-burning electrical plant and an open plain underlain by granite would not have natural buffers against acid rain, and therefore the effects of acid rain would not be neutralized. The presence of fog in a valley may slightly reduce the impact of acid rain but it would not be as effective as a forest underlain by limestone.
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"The female true pelvis __________.
has a narrower pelvic inlet than a male pelvis
is tilted anteriorly (forward) compared to a male pelvis
has a narrower pelvic outlet than a male pelvis
has a narrower sacrum than a male pelvis"
The female true pelvis is different in shape and size compared to a male pelvis. It is commonly referred to as the "obstetric pelvis" due to its role in childbirth. The female pelvis has a narrower pelvic inlet, which is the opening at the top of the pelvis, compared to a male pelvis.
This is due to the fact that the female pelvis needs to accommodate the baby's head during childbirth. Additionally, the female pelvis is tilted anteriorly or forward, while the male pelvis is more vertical. This forward tilt helps to balance the weight of the baby during pregnancy and reduces strain on the mother's back. However, this can also cause back pain during pregnancy due to the shift in the center of gravity. The female pelvis also has a narrower pelvic outlet, which is the opening at the bottom of the pelvis. This is also due to the need to accommodate the baby's head during delivery. Finally, the female pelvis has a wider sacrum, which is the bone at the back of the pelvis. This wider sacrum provides a larger area for the attachment of the pelvic muscles and ligaments, which support the weight of the baby during pregnancy and aid in delivery. Overall, the differences in the female pelvis are adaptations for childbirth and pregnancy.
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What provides the energy for DNA polymerization in a PCR reaction?
Primers
DNA polymerase
Deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates
Template DNA
Deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates provide the energy for DNA polymerization in a PCR reaction. These are the building blocks that are incorporated into the growing DNA strand by the DNA polymerase enzyme.
As each deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate is added to the chain, a phosphate group is cleaved off, releasing energy that drives the polymerization reaction forward. The primers and template DNA provide the starting point and direction for the polymerization, but it is the deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates that supply the energy necessary for the reaction to occur.
The energy for DNA polymerization in a PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) is provided by deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs). During the reaction, DNA polymerase incorporates these dNTPs into the growing DNA strand, and the release of the two terminal phosphate groups provides the necessary energy for polymerization to occur.
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