According to the research, if a poison was able to block the gap junctions in the intercalated discs of cardiac muscle cells, it would prevent the exchange of chemical and electrical information, key to the cardiac function of cardiac muscle tissue.
What are the intercalated discs of cardiac muscle cells?It is each of the complex junction structures between two cardiac muscle cells, these junctions take place at the z lines of the sarcomeres of the muscle fibers.
In this sense, this large number of nexus-type junctions allows the transmission of nerve impulses that cross from one cardiac cell to another.
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, the intercalated discs support the synchronized contraction of cardiac tissue so if a poison was able to block the gap junctions, it would affect the transmission of electrical information.
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a patient has mild-stage glaucoma secondary to drugs in both eyes. which icd10cm code from category h40 is used?
A patient has mild-stage glaucoma secondary to drugs in both eyes therefore the icd10cm code which is used from category h40 is H40.63.
What is Medical coding?This is referred to as the process in which diagnosis, treatment etc are translated into numeric and alphanumeric characters in other to reduce ambiguity in the healthcare system and is used especially during record keeping of the patients.
The icd10cm code from category h40 which is used is H40.63 and it indicates glaucoma. There is H40. 63X1 which is different from the former as a result of it being used for reimbursement purposes.
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Which of these is a chemical
change?
A. paper burning
B. salt disolving
C. water boiling
"Paper Burning"
Paper burning is a chemical change because when you burn paper, a new chemical substance, ash, is being formed. These changes are irreversable.
Ash cannot return back to paper state.
Salt dissolving is a physical change. This is because no chemical reaction occurs.
Water boiling is also a physical change. Just like mentioned above, no chemical reaction or chemical substance is being formed. Water turns into a gaseous state, which is reversable (according to the water cycle, a whole different chapter.)
The graph presents three activation energy profiles for a chemical reaction (the hydrolysis of sucrose): an uncatalyzed reaction, and the same reaction catalyzed by two different enzymes. Activation Energy -Uncatalyzed -Enzyme A -Enzyme B Energy C₂H2O,, + H₂O 2CH2O Reaction Progress Rank these by reaction rate, as measured by the rate of product formation per unit time, from lowest reaction rate to highest reaction rate. To rank items as equivalent, overlap them. View Available Hint(s) Reset Help Reset Help reaction catalyzed by enzyme A reaction catalyzed by enzyme uncatalyzed reaction lowest reaction rate highest reaction rate Submit
This shows the graph of enzyme catalysis. The uncatalyzed reaction is the slowest of the three, followed by the second catalyzed by enzyme A and the third by enzyme B. The fastest reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme B.
What is the catalysis of the enzyme?
The enzyme decreases the rate of activation of the substrate so that the product is formed faster, and due to this process, the enzyme is called the catalyst of the biological system. The uncatalyzed reaction has a high activation rate and requires a lot of energy to make the product. So it is the slowest one. The enzyme A lowers the rate of activation but still requires more energy than B. The enzyme B lowers the activation energy and speeds product formation.
Hence, the slowest reaction is uncatalyzed, followed by enzyme A, and then enzyme B, which is the fastest reaction.
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Explain the movement of water for each of the solutions based on the concentration levels. Write under each visual.
For a hypotonic solution the movement of water is from the solution to the cell, in isotonic solution there is no net movement and for hypertonic solution the movement of water is from the cell into the solution.
Hypotonic solution is the one where the concentration of solute is less as compared to the cell. This is the reason why movement of water is from solution to the cell and the animal and plant cell become lysed and turgid respectively.
Hypertonic solution is the one where the concentration of solute is more as compared to the cell. This is the reason why movement of water is from cell to the solution and the animal and plant cell become shriveled and plasmolyzed respectively.
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1. how does glycolysis connect to other metabolic paths? is it isolated? how many reactions take place in glycolysis? which are irreversible? what does this mean?
1. Glycolysis is connected to the breakdown and synthesis of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids such as hexosamine biosynthesis, oxidative pentose phosphate pathway, serine biosynthesis, and tricarboxylic acid.
2. Glycolysis is not isolated but is connected to other metabolic pathways.
3. There are ten reaction steps in glycolysis.
4. The irreversible reactions of glycolysis are the reactions catalyzed by the enzymes hexokinase; phosphofructokinase; pyruvate kinase.
5. The term irreversible means that the reaction can only proceed in the formation of products but the products cannot form the substrates.
What is glycolysis?Glycolysis is the process by which glucose molecules are broken down to produce two pyruvate molecules.
The reactions of glycolysis are 10 enzyme-catalyzed reactions. During the reaction steps of glycolysis, the product of one reaction step becomes the substrate of the next step,
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Which of the following statements best helps justify the inclusion of group 2 as one of the controls in the experiment?
A) I will show whether the changes observed in group 1 depend on the metabolic activity of Boll bacteria
B) will show whether the changes observed in group 1 depend on the type of plants used in the experiment.
C) It will show the average growth rate of seedings that are maintained in a nonsterile environment
D) I will show the changes that occur in the roots of seedlings following an infection by soll bacteria.
The statement that best help to justify the inclusion of group 2 as one of the controls in the experiment is:
will show whether the changes observed in group 1 depend on the metabolic activity of Boll bacteria: option A.What are controls in an experiment?Controls are variables or factors introduced in a study that does not receive the treatment given to the study group.
The controls in an experiment are kept at a constant or neutral state.
Controls are added in order to eliminate bias in the results of the experiment.
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Safety has been called a “dynamic non-event” because when humans are in a potentially hazardous environment:
Safety has been called a “dynamic non-event” because when humans are in a potentially hazardous environment, it takes significant work to ensure nothing bad happens.
What is safety?Safety is described as the state of being "safe", the condition of being protected from harm or other danger. Safety can also refer to the control of recognized hazards in order to achieve an acceptable level of risk.
Therefore safety has been described as a "dynamic non-event because in order for this "non-event" of nothing going wrong to occur, a lot of things must be done right.
Hence our best answer is that it takes significant work to ensure that nothing bad happens. When things go right in a potentially hazardous environment, nothing bad happens.
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What is the purpose of nucleic acid?
Answer:
The purpose of nucleic acids is to keep the life going.
Explanation:
Definition:
Nucleic acid is any group of long, linear macromolecules, either DNA or various types of RNA, that carry genetic information directing all cellular functions: composed of linked nucleotides.
Deoxyribonucleic acid, also known as DNA, is one of the two types of known nucleic acids and plays a significant part in heredity. It is in charge of holding the construction information for each and every chemical required to build a live creature. As a result, practically all living forms possess one.
The other is ribonucleic acid, also known as RNA, which has several tasks, some of which are connected to DNA. But for other animals, RNA also plays a part in heredity. The only obvious example of this is viruses. RNA plays a number of very significant roles in other living things, and is known by various names depending on what it does in a cell. As suggested by their names, some of these types, such as messenger RNA (mRNA) and ribosomal RNA (rRNA), perform particular functions.
So we can say the role of nucleic acids in living things is to keep the life going.
Thanks.
the table shows data collected on pH level of an Adirondack lake from 1989 to 1996.
describe the the trend in pH level in lake over this 16 year period.
___________________________________________________________________________
Year pH level
1989. 6.7
1984. 6.3
1986. 6.4
1988. 6.2
1990. 5.9
1992. 5.6
1994. 5.4
1996. 5.1
The lake's pH has become acidic; in 1989, it was 6.7; by 1996, it had dropped to 5.1. This shows that the increase in the acidity which has several bad impacts on the lake water ecosystem and its community.
What happens when the freshwater becomes acidic?The freshwater ecosystem differs from the oceanic saltwater ecosystem in that freshwater contains phytoplankton, edible fish, and so on. The fresh water has a normal pH, but the pH decreases and induces acidity when the water is polluted with different chemicals, such as nitrogen oxide, sulfur dioxide, etc.
When acid rain happens due to man-made pollution, this further adds acidity to the fresh water, and as a result, the species that live in the lake are not able to live and breathe properly due to a lack of oxygen. The acidity in the table increased year after year from 1989 to 1996.
Hence, the acidity of the lake increased and the pH decreased in these years, from 1989 to 1996.
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Order the evolutionary events based on time.
0s:
10-35 S:
10-10 S:
At 0s big bang occurs,
At 10⁻³⁵ s inflation occurs
At 10 ⁻¹⁰ s elementary particles form.
What does evolution in biology mean?The process of evolution causes a population's genetic makeup to change over time. A new species, altered genes, and novel traits can arise as a result of an organism's adaptations to its environment.
We frequently envision a gradual change when we hear the word "evolution." Evolutionary changes, however, are not made in an effort to achieve perfection or even a specific goal.
a branch of biology that studies how organisms evolve and how their patterns change over time, especially in relation to the diversity of organisms that make up the world. One of the greatest scientific puzzles is how species come to be.
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A cell must continually make resources in order to maintain regular cellular activities and to create and repair cellular structures. What are created for the cell during interphase? Select all macromolecules that apply. Lipids Nucleic acids Proteins Carbohydrates
Answer: nucleic acids
Explanation:
What advantage do eyes in front of the head have?
Better resolution
Wider field of view
Better contrast detection
Better depth perception
In science class, you are asked to plan your own experiment for the science fair. You decide to plan an investigation to answer the question, "How does the color of light affect plant growth?" (..or growth in height?)
Identify the independent variable.
Identify the dependent variable.
Briefly describe your investigation including how you will collect data, your units of measurement, and your timeline.
1. Based on the research question:
the independent variable is light colorthe dependent variable is plant growth2. The investigation will be done over a period of a month where light seedlings are exposed to the light of different colors and their growth rate compared against a control.
What are variables in research?Variables in research refer to the factors that are controlled and that can be changed or altered by the researcher in order to study the effect of these factors on the topic under research.
There are three types of variables in research:
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After analyzing the diagram and paragraph, how would you describe the differences and similanties between Molecule 1 and Molecule 2?
All molecules are not compounds. All compounds are molecules.
What is molecules?A molecule of an element and a molecule of a compound differ only in that an element's molecule has same atom composition. For instance, there are one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms in a molecule of water (a compound). However, both atoms in an elemental molecule of oxygen (oxygen) are oxygen.Protons, neutrons, and electrons make up an atom, the smallest unit of matter. The combination of two or more atoms forms molecules. Three elements are carbon, oxygen, and gold. An element is a substance that has only one sort of atom.Both molecules and compounds are composed of numerous atoms that are ionically bonded to one another chemically.To learn more about molecules refer to:
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According to the graph in the figure, B cells will first produce effector cells between 0 and 4 days. This is why an antibody test for COVID-19 can be done so early after infection.
According to the graph in the figure, B cells will first produce effector cells between 0 and 4 days. This is why an antibody test for COVID-19 can be done so early after infection. This is a false statement.
What is a B cell?Immune cells are those cells that protect the body from foreign harmful pathogens by different methods, such as cell-mediated immunity, innate immunity, etc. After the attack of COVID, the body first identifies it and activates the T cell and then the B cell. As shown in the graph, the B cell divides and produces antibodies against the COVID, and antibody production increases after 1 week, nearly on the 14th day. So it takes time, and no antibody production begins with the initial infection.
Hence, antibody production cannot occur at the start of a COVID infection. This is a false
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An astigmatism is an irregular curvature of the cornea or lens which causes rays of light to refract unevenly. True/False.
Answer:T
Explanation:
Which of the following
allows enormous lengths of
DNA to supercoil inside of a
nucleus of a cell?
A. ribosomes
B. histone proteins this
C. mitochondria
Answer:
histone proteins
Explanation:
What features does Platyhelminthes and Nematodes have that makes it different from the other branches of the tree? Unique features. It’s a separate branch for some reasons, what are they?
The feature that Platyhelminthes and Nematodes have that makes it different from the other branches of the tree are
Presence of flame cells. Ladder-like nervous system. Presence of parenchyma in the body cavityPlatyhelminthes and Nematodes are in a separate branch because of both of them have bilateral symmetry. They also have a central nervous system.
What is the nervous system?The nervous system is described as a highly complex part of an animal that coordinates its actions and sensory information by transmitting signals to and from different parts of its body.
The functions of the nervous system in any organism includ ethe following:\
They Control the body's internal environment to maintain 'homeostasis'They are in charge of Programming of spinal cord reflexes. The nervous system is used in Memory and learningVoluntary control of movementLearn more about the nervous system at: https://brainly.com/question/869589#
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what are the three general classes of neurons that correspond to the three major aspects of nervous system function? check all that apply.
Motor neurons that send signals predominantly to muscle and gland cells, Interneurons that lie between, and interconnect the incoming sensory pathways and the outgoing motor pathways of the CNS, and Sensory neurons that are specialized to detect stimuli such as light, heat, pressure, and chemicals, and transmit information about them to the CNS, are the three general classes of neurons that correspond to the three major aspects of nervous system function. The correct options are 1, 3, and 4.
What are the three general classes of neurons?Generally, neurons considered the fundamental unit of receiving and sending information in the nervous system, do this efficiently by delivering this information over long distances. There are neurons present in the brain too.
The answer is not option 5, as ependymal cells are non-neuronal cells, they function in brain metabolism.
The answer is also not option 2, as schwann cells are are non-neuronal cells too. In summary, from the question, neurons, aside from the neurons in the brain, we have three types which are: sensory, motor, and interneuron.
Missing parts:
What are the three general classes of neurons that correspond to the three major aspects of nervous system function? Check all that apply.
1. Motor neurons that send signals predominantly to muscle and gland cells.
2. Schwann cells that envelop nerve fibers of the PNS.
3. Interneurons that lie between, and interconnect the incoming sensory pathways and the outgoing motor pathways of the CNS.
4. Sensory neurons that are specialized to detect stimuli such as light, heat, pressure, and chemicals, and transmit information about them to the CNS.
5. Ependymal cells that produce cerebral spinal fluid.
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What is endocytosis?
O the energy-using process in which macromolecules are taken into the cell
O the process in which ions are transported from extracellular fluid to the cell
O the process in which molecules move from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration
O the energy-using process in which macromolecules secreted by the cell are released
Answer: a
Explanation:
How is the nitrogen cycle important to humans?
A.It produces free nitrogen that humans can breathe.
B.It converts nitrogen into a form that humans can obtain by eating other organisms.
C. It produces nitrogen compounds that humans can breathe.
D. It converts nitrogen into a form that humans can obtain by absorbing it through their skin.
The nitrogen cycle is important to humans in the following way: it converts nitrogen into a form that humans can obtain by eating other organisms (option B).
What is the nitrogen cycle?Nitrogen cycle is the natural circulation of nitrogen in a series of processes by which nitrogen and its compounds are interconverted in the environment and in living organisms, including nitrogen fixation and decomposition.
During the nitrogen cycle, atmospheric nitrogen is converted to nitrogen oxides by lightning and deposited in the soil by rain, where it is assimilated by plants and either eaten by animals (and returned as faeces) or decomposed back to elemental nitrogen by bacteria.
The usable form of nitrogen that is assimilated by plants becomes accessible to humans when they consume the plants, hence, depicting the importance of the nitrogen cycle.
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2. The major reason humans have negatively affected the environment is
A. did not pass laws to protect environment.
B. use of chemicals.
C. converting forest into agricultural land.
D. industrial revolution.
C
The option (B) is correct. Use of chemicals have negatively affected the environment.
What do you mean by environment?The natural environment or natural world encompasses all living and non-living things occurring naturally, meaning in this case not artificial. The term is most often applied to the Earth or some parts of Earth.
Moreover, environment can be defined as a sum total of all the living and non-living elements and their effects that influence human life. While all living or biotic elements are animals, plants, forests, fisheries, and birds, non-living or abiotic elements include water, land, sunlight, rocks, and air.
Therefore, our environment provides a wide range of benefits, such as the air we breathe, the food we eat and the water we drink, as well as the many materials needed in our homes, at work and for leisure activities.
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What are the Mendelian inheritance principles?
The Mendelian inheritance principles are called the Law of Segregation, the Law of genetic Dominance and the Law of Independent Assortment.
What are the Mendelian genetic inheritance principles?The Mendelian genetic inheritance principles are a series of laws that dominate genetic patterns of inheritance which were discovered by Gregor Mendel who investigated inheritance in pea plants.
The Law of Segregation indicates that alleles separate in different gametes when they are not linked, and the law of dominance indicates that certain alleles mask the expression of recessive alleles in heterozygous individuals. Moreover, the Law of Independent Assortment is based on genes that are located on different chromosomes.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that the Mendelian genetic inheritance principles are fundamental to understanding inheritance patterns and they were discovered by Gregor Mendel working with different traits in the pea plant.
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• connect redox reactions to energy transformations that occur throughout photosynthesis
The redox reactions to energy transformations that occur throughout photosynthesis are as follows:
CO₂ molecules are reduced to form higher-energy carbohydrate moleculesenergy from sunlight is used to produce ATP and electron donor molecules capable of decreasing CO₂oxidation of water is associated with the reduction of CO₂ through a series of redox reactions in which electrons passed from one compound to another.the process begins with the absorption of sunlight by protein-pigment complexes, providing energy that drives electrons through the electron transport chain. What is a redox reaction?Redox reaction is described as a type of chemical reaction in which the oxidation states of the substrate change due to a gain and a loss of electrons by the chemical species involved in the reaction.
Oxidation and reduction reactions occur at the same time in a redox reaction.
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Which of the following statements best explains the processes of passive and active transport?
Passive transport is the net movement of substances down a concentration gradient that requires metabolic energy. Active transport is the movement of substances up a concentration gradient that does not require energy.
Passive transport is the net movement of substances down a concentration gradient that does not require metabolic energy. Active transport is the movement of substances against a concentration gradient that requires energy.
Passive transport is the net movement of substances against a concentration gradient that requires metabolic energy. Active transport is the movement of substances down a concentration gradient that does not require metabolic energy.
Passive transport is the net movement of substances against a concentration gradient that does not require metabolic energy. Active transport is the movement of substances down a concentration gradient that requires energy.
Passive transport is the net movement of substances down a concentration gradient that does not require metabolic energy. Active transport is the movement of substances against a concentration gradient that requires energy. Option 2.
Passive and active transportsMaterials are constantly moving in and out of the cell. This movement of materials is otherwise known as cell transport.
The transport of materials in and out of the cell could be:
PassiveActivePassive transport is the movement of materials without the involvement of energy. The movement of materials is often down their concentration gradients.
One major way through which substances are passively moved in and out of cells is diffusion. The diffusion could be a simple one or a facilitated one that involves the assistance of carrier molecules.
Active transport, on the other hand, is the movement of materials in and out of cells with the assistance of energy, usually in the form of ATP. The movement of materials in active transport is mostly against their concentration gradients.
Examples of active transport found in cells include phagocytosis, movement of ions, etc.
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Why would a pedigree help determine if a trait is X-linked?
Responses
Pedigrees are not useful tools for determining X-linked inheritance.
It would show which sex in a family is affected, unaffected, and the carrier for a trait.
It can determine all the possible genotypes for a trait that can result from a cross between two parents.
It can measure how likely an X-linked trait is to be inherited.
A pedigree may help determine if a trait is X-linked since it can measure how likely an X-linked trait is to be inherited (Option D).
What is a genetic pedigree?A genetic pedigree is a diagram used in genetics to evidence the inheritance pattern of a given trait, which may or not be associated with sex chromosomes such as the X chromosome.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that a genetic pedigree is used in order to show the inheritance pattern of a condition and it may or not be related to the sex chromosomes.
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In the accompanying image, a nucleotide is indicated by the letter _____.
Nucleotide is the image that is present in the DNA structure. There are 4 nucleotide of DNA. There are 4 bases that are A,T,C and G. The letter that represents the nucleotide is B.
What is the bond present in the nucleotide ?The bonds that are present in the nucleotide are adenine, cytosine, guanine and thymine.
The letter that is representing the letter B in the image is the nucleotide. Nucleotide that are present in the structure are adenine and thymine that is the double hydrogen bonds, cytosine and guanine are joined together by three triple bonds.
The nucleotide that are made up by sugar that is deoxyribose sugar, phosphate molecule and nitrogenous bases.
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Glucose enters the epithelial cells of the small intestine against its concentration gradient. Select the BEST explanation from the following.
a. Glucose is transported through a glucose pump in the apical membrane that hydrolyzes ATP to ADP and Pi.
b. Glucose is co-transported in the Na+/K+ pump.
c. Glucose is co-transported with Na+, which moves down its concentration gradient into the cell.
d. Glucose follows the water that is pumped into the cell.
e. Glucose enters by diffusion.
The best explanation is that; Glucose is transported through a glucose pump in the apical membrane that hydrolyzes ATP to ADP and Pi. option A.
What is active transport?We know that the term active transport has to do with a movement that occurs against the concentration gradient. In this case, we are having glucose entering the epithelial cells of the small intestine against its concentration gradient.
As such, we have the to know that there must be energy requirement that would make the process to occur. Without the input of energy it is not possible for active transport to occur.
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A scientist is attempting to provide support for the hypothesis that RNA was the first genetic material. Which of the following would be a workable alternate hypothesis?
(A) RNA, like DNA, is a carrier of genetic information and contains the nitrogen bases adenine, guanine, and cytosine.
(B) RNA can be observed to self-replicate without the assistance of proteins, while DNA always requires protein-based enzymes to replicate.
(C) RNA exists in both single-stranded and double-stranded configurations; however, it is less stable compared with DNA.
(D) Transfer RNA and ribosomal RNA are products of transcription, but they are not translated as is mRNA.
If a scientist is attempting to provide support for the hypothesis that RNA was the first genetic material, then RNA can be observed to self-replicate without the assistance of proteins, while DNA always requires protein-based enzymes to replicate would be a workable alternate hypothesis (Option B).
What are the functions of RNA?The functions of RNA are not limited to transporting the genetic material from DNA to protein but also act as catalytic agents in some situations, which are called ribozymes, in addition to the reservoir of genetic information for viruses.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that the functions of RNA are not limited to transport genetic information.
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Which of the following statements about insulin or it’s effects on the body are true?
