Task 12: Write a Python program that will take one input from the user made up of two strings separated by a comma and a space (see samples below). Then create a mixed string with alternative characters from each string.
Any leftover chars will be appended at the end of the resulting string. Hint For adding the leftover characters you may use string slicing. Note: Please do not use lists for this task.The main answer to the given question is as follows:Explanation:In this task, the program accepts two strings separated by a comma and space from the user. The strings are merged using alternative characters from each string.
Here is how this can be achieved.Step 1: Prompt the user to enter the input strings.# Prompt user to enter input stringsinput_str = input("Enter two strings separated by a comma and a space: ")# Split the input string into two strings using the comma delimiterstr1, str2 = input_str.split(', ')Step 2: Iterate through both strings alternatively and append the characters to the mixed string variable. # Define the variables for iterationmixed_str = ""i = 0j = 0# Iterate through the strings alternativelywhile i < len(str1) and j < len(str2): mixed_str += str1[i] + str2[j] i += 1 j += 1# Append the remaining characters to the mixed string variableif i < len(str1): mixed_str += str1[i:]if j < len(str2): mixed_str += str2[j:]Step 3: Output the mixed string variable to the user.# Print the mixed string variableprint("Mixed string is:", mixed_str)
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1. Explain why we use "cout method" in the code. 2. What is the difference between cin and cout in C++.
The Cout method is used in C++ to display the output of a program to the standard output device, such as a computer screen.
Cout is also known as "console output." This output is visible to the user, and it is one of the ways in which we can interact with a program. The "<<" operator is used with c out to display variables or strings to the console. The c out statement can be used in combination with "<<" to display variables or strings on a single line.
C in and c out are both I/O (Input/output) stream objects. They are both standard input/output stream objects and belong to the io stream header file in C++. C in is used to take input from the user, while c out is used to output information to the console or screen.
While 'c in' is used to accept input from the user, c out is used to display output to the console. In C++, the c in the statement is used in conjunction with the extraction operator ">>" to accept input from the user. The "<<" insertion operator is used in conjunction with the c out statement to display output to the console.
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a. Design 4-bits parallel adder, draw the block
diagram.
b. Write the truth table "for 3 bits".
c. Design the logic full adder circuit "for 2
bits"
A. The block diagram of a 4-bit parallel adder is as follows:
```
A3 A2 A1 A0
+-----------
B3 | 0 0 0 0
B2 | 0 0 0 0
B1 | 0 0 0 0
B0 | 0 0 0 0
+-----------
| 0 0 0 0
```
B. The truth table for a 3-bit parallel adder is as follows:
```
A | B | Cin | Sum | Cout
----------------------------------
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0
0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0
0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1
1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0
1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1
1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1
1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1
```
C. The logic full adder circuit for 2 bits is as follows:
```
A0 ──┬──┐ ┌───┐
│ ├───┤ │ ┌───┐
B0 ──┼──┤+ ├───┼───┤ │ ┌───┐
│ ├───┤ C0│ │ ├───┤ │
A1 ──┼──┤ ├───┼───┤ │Cout │
│ ├───┤ │ │ ├───┤ │
B1 ──┼──┤+ ├───┼───┤+C0├───┤ │
│ └───┘ │ └───┘ └───┘
Cin ──┘ └──────────────┘
```
A four-bit parallel adder is used to perform the addition of two four-bit numbers in parallel. It contains four full-adder blocks and a few additional logic gates that are used to generate carry from one adder block to the next.
A full adder is a digital circuit that is used to perform addition with the provision for a carry input. It adds three one-bit binary numbers (A, B, and Cin) and outputs two one-bit binary numbers, a sum (S) and a carry (Cout). Below is the truth table for a three-bit full adder:c) Design the logic full adder circuit "for 2 bits" Below is the logic diagram of the full adder circuit for 2 bits:
A parallel adder is an electronic circuit that is used to add together two binary numbers. This circuit performs the addition of multiple digits of two binary numbers in parallel. A parallel adder is a digital circuit that can add two or more binary numbers concurrently. The result of addition is generated by adding the corresponding bits of both numbers and then adding the carry bit from the previous addition.
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Running time f(n) of a code segment is f(n) = 2n^2-6n +2. Which of the following c1, c2 and no values that satisfy t following inequality that shows f(n) is Theta(n^2) c2.n^2 <= f(n) <= c1.n^2 O no 3, c1-1,c2-2 On0-6, c1-2, c2-1 On0-3, c1=2, c2-2 O no 6, c1-2, c2-2
The values c1 = 2 and c2 = 2 satisfy the inequality and show that f(n) is Theta(n^2).
To determine if f(n) = 2n^2 - 6n + 2 is in the Theta(n^2) time complexity class, we need to find values c1 and c2 such that c2 * n^2 ≤ f(n) ≤ c1 * n^2 holds for sufficiently large values of n.
Let's analyze the given code segment f(n) = 2n^2 - 6n + 2:
f(n) = 2n^2 - 6n + 2
= 2n^2 (ignoring the lower-order terms)
To find c1 and c2, we need to determine the upper and lower bounds of f(n) in terms of n^2.
Upper Bound (c1 * n^2):
Taking c1 = 2, we have:
f(n) ≤ 2n^2 for all n > 0
Lower Bound (c2 * n^2):
Taking c2 = 2, we have:
f(n) ≥ 2n^2 for all n > 0
Therefore, the values c1 = 2 and c2 = 2 satisfy the inequality and show that f(n) is Theta(n^2).
In the given choices, option O no 6, c1 = 2, c2 = 2 is the correct answer. This means that the code segment has a time complexity of Theta(n^2), indicating that the running time of the code grows at the same rate or proportional to n^2. It confirms that the code segment is quadratic in nature and its performance is directly related to the square of the input size.
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Let Σ= {0, 1}. Write the regular expression for each of the following:
a. L= {w | w ends with a 0}
b. L= {w | w ends with 00} with three states.
c. Strings that start with 01 and end with 01
d. Strings that have at least two consecutive 0’s and 1’s.
a. Let the regular expression for the set of all strings ending with 0 be R. Since there is only one character in the end, the character must be 0. R=0.
b. Let the regular expression for the set of all strings ending with 00 be R. We first write a transition diagram that generates all strings ending in 00 with three states, denoted by q0, q1, and q2. The transition diagram is illustrated below:
q0 –>0 q1
q1 –>0 q2
q2 –> 1 q0
The regular expression for the transition diagram is given as (1+01*0) (0+00*1)* 00. So, the regular expression for the language L is R= (1+01*0) (0+00*1)* 00.
c. The regular expression for the language of all strings that begin with 01 and end with 01 is R= 01 (0+1)* 01.
d. The regular expression for the language of all strings that have at least two consecutive 0’s and 1’s is R= (0+1)* (00+11) (0+1)*.
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irst year students of an institute are informed to report anytime between 25.4.22 and 29.4.22. Create a C program to allocate block and room number. Consider Five blocks with 1000 rooms/block. Room allocation starts from Block A on first-come, first-served basis. Once it is full, then subsequent blocks will be allocated. Define a structure with appropriate attributes and create functions i. to read student's detail. ii. allocate block and room. print function to display student's regno, block name and room number. In main method, create at least two structure variables and use those defined functions. Provide sample input and expected output. Tamarihe various types of constructors and it's use with suitable code snippet 15 marks,
Here's a C program that implements the room allocation system based on the given requirements:
Hoiw to write the C program#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#define MAX_BLOCKS 5
#define ROOMS_PER_BLOCK 1000
#define MAX_NAME_LENGTH 50
// Structure to store student details
typedef struct {
int regNo;
char name[MAX_NAME_LENGTH];
char block;
int roomNumber;
} Student;
// Function to read student details
void readStudentDetails(Student *student) {
printf("Enter Registration Number: ");
scanf("%d", &student->regNo);
printf("Enter Name: ");
scanf("%s", student->name);
}
// Function to allocate block and room
void allocateBlockAndRoom(Student *student) {
static char currentBlock = 'A';
static int currentRoom = 1;
student->block = currentBlock;
student->roomNumber = currentRoom;
currentRoom++;
if (currentRoom > ROOMS_PER_BLOCK) {
currentRoom = 1;
currentBlock++;
}
}
// Function to display student details
void printStudentDetails(Student student) {
printf("Registration Number: %d\n", student.regNo);
printf("Name: %s\n", student.name);
printf("Block: %c\n", student.block);
printf("Room Number: %d\n", student.roomNumber);
printf("---------------------\n");
}
int main() {
Student student1, student2;
printf("Enter details for Student 1:\n");
readStudentDetails(&student1);
allocateBlockAndRoom(&student1);
printf("Enter details for Student 2:\n");
readStudentDetails(&student2);
allocateBlockAndRoom(&student2);
printf("Student Details:\n");
printStudentDetails(student1);
printStudentDetails(student2);
return 0;
}
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Question 2 Koya has shared his bank account with Cookie, Chimmy and Tata in Hobi Bank. The shared bank account has $1,000,000. Koya deposits $250,000 while cookie, Chimmy and Tata withdraws $50,000, $75,000 and $125,000 respectively. Write programs (parent and child) in C to write into a shared file named test where Koya's account balance is stored. The parent program should create 4 child processes and make each child process execute the child program. Each child process will carry out each task as described above. The program can be terminated when an interrupt signal is received ("C). When this happens all child processes should be killed by the parent and all the shared memory should be deallocated. Implement the above using shared memory techniques. You can use shmctic). shmget(), shmat() and shmdt(). You are required to use fork or execl, wait and exit. The parent and child processes should be compiled separately. The executable could be called parent. The program should be executed by ./parent.
The parent program will handle the creation of shared memory and forking of child processes, while the child processes will execute tasks related to bank account operations.
In the given scenario, we need to create a parent program and four child processes using shared memory techniques in C. The child program will attach to the shared memory segment, perform the specific withdrawal operation assigned to it (Cookie, Chimmy, or Tata), and update the account balance accordingly. After completing the task, the child process will detach from the shared memory segment. Once all child processes finish their tasks, the parent program will print the final account balance and deallocate the shared memory.
To achieve this, we use the shmget() function to create a shared memory segment, shmat() to attach to the shared memory, and shmdt() to detach from it. The parent program uses fork() to create child processes, and the child program uses conditional statements to determine the withdrawal amount based on its assigned task. Finally, the parent program waits for all child processes to finish using wait() and then deallocates the shared memory using shmctl(). Remember to compile the parent and child programs separately and execute the parent program using ./parent.
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you have installed a new computer with a quad-core 64-bit processor, 6 gb of memory, and a pcie video card with 512 mb of memory. after installing the operating system, you see less than 4 gb of memory showing as available in windows. which of the following actions would most likely correct this issue?
The most likely action to correct the issue of less than 4 GB of memory showing as available in Windows would be to enable Physical Address Extension (PAE) in the operating system.
This will allow Windows to recognize and utilize memory beyond the 4 GB limit. Enabling PAE allows a 32-bit operating system, such as Windows, to address more than 4 GB of memory. By default, a 32-bit operating system can only access up to 4 GB of memory due to address space limitations. However, enabling PAE extends the address space and enables the system to utilize more memory. In this case, with 6 GB of memory installed, enabling PAE would allow Windows to recognize and use the full 6 GB of memory. PAE can be enabled through the system's BIOS settings or by modifying the boot configuration in Windows. Once enabled, Windows should Windows the full amount of available memory.
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# define a function that should sum up monthly saleamount from the list and return the sum # define a function that should calculate the yearly sale for the saleamount from the list and return the prod value # define a function to enter name and ID by the user; create a new list using these values; append the new list to the original list that is defined for name and ID # Define a function to enter user choice-1-for Sum, 2- for Prod (yearly sale), 3-quit; for each of the choices call appropriate function already defined # In the main program, define a loop to ask user to enter an amount in float that represents monthly sale. Check to see if the amount is negative. Repeat asking the user until he/she enters a positive amount. \# Once you get positive amount, append this value to the initial list defined for saleamount \# Call the function defined to enter name and ID # Print the length of the list having Saleamount \# Print the value of both the lists: the saleamount and the one with Name and ID \# Ask user if they want to continue entering data \# If user wants to continue, let the user enter more data of sale amount and namo # Once you get positive amount, append this value to the initial list defined for saleamount # Call the function defined to enter name and ID # Print the length of the list having Saleamount # Print the value of both the lists: the saleamount and the one with Name and ID \# Ask user if they want to continue entering data # If user wants to continue, let the user enter more data of sale amount and name and ID # if the user does not like to continue, show the choice by calling the function defined to enter choices, and then go out, sample run is attached # Comment your name/ID at the top of the code # You can cut and paste the code here and attach the screen output
Function to Sum up Monthly SaleAmount and Return the Sum:
We are supposed to define a function that would sum up monthly Sale
Amount from the list and return the sum.
The solution for this particular function is given below:
The coding language is Python.
# Function to sum up monthly sale amounts
def calculate_monthly_sum(sale_amounts):
return sum(sale_amounts)
# Function to calculate yearly sale (product of sale amounts)
def calculate_yearly_sale(sale_amounts):
prod = 1
for amount in sale_amounts:
prod *= amount
return prod
# Function to enter name and ID, create a new list, and append it to the original list
def enter_name_id(original_list):
name = input("Enter name: ")
ID = input("Enter ID: ")
new_list = [name, ID]
original_list.append(new_list)
# Function to enter user choice (1 for sum, 2 for yearly sale, 3 to quit)
def enter_choice():
while True:
choice = input("Enter your choice (1 for sum, 2 for yearly sale, 3 to quit): ")
if choice in ['1', '2', '3']:
return int(choice)
else:
print("Invalid choice. Please try again.")
# Main program
sale_amounts = []
name_id_list = []
while True:
# Asking the user to enter a positive amount for monthly sale
while True:
amount = float(input("Enter the monthly sale amount (positive): "))
if amount > 0:
break
else:
print("Invalid amount. Please enter a positive value.")
# Appending the amount to the sale_amounts list
sale_amounts.append(amount)
# Calling the function to enter name and ID
enter_name_id(name_id_list)
# Printing the length of the sale_amounts list
print("Length of sale_amounts list:", len(sale_amounts))
# Printing the values of both lists
print("Sale amounts list:", sale_amounts)
print("Name and ID list:", name_id_list)
# Asking the user if they want to continue entering data
choice = input("Do you want to continue entering data? (yes/no): ")
if choice.lower() != 'yes':
break
# Calling the function to enter user choice
user_choice = enter_choice()
# Printing the final user choice
print("Final choice:", user_choice)
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Design MultiThreadedNDAdder application that will sum all
element values of an N-D array. Scale N from 3 onwards. in java
The MultiThreadedNDAdder application is designed to calculate the sum of all element values in an N-dimensional (N-D) array. The application can scale the value of N starting from 3.
To implement this in Java, you can use a recursive approach to iterate through each element of the N-D array. Each thread can be responsible for calculating the sum of a specific portion of the array. The individual thread sums can then be combined to obtain the final result. By dividing the work among multiple threads, the application can take advantage of parallel processing and potentially improve the performance of larger N-D arrays. To ensure thread safety, appropriate synchronization mechanisms such as locks or atomic variables should be used to prevent data races or conflicts when multiple threads access and modify shared variables.
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Problem 5 Construct a a state diagram PDA for L={WHV / WR is a subsering of w V and W, ve{0,1'3* (Do not create a table for the transition femetion, I Only need to see the state diagrawn with the transitions on it)
A state diagram PDA for the language L={WHV / WR is a subsering of w V and W, ve{0,1'3* can be constructed using three main steps: defining states, establishing transitions, and adding symbols to the transitions.
Step 1: Start by creating states for the PDA. The PDA will have states representing different conditions and transitions based on the input. These states include the initial state, final/accepting state, and intermediate states for processing the input string.
Step 2: Define the transitions between states. The transitions should correspond to the rules of the language L. In this case, we need to check if WR is a subsequence of WHV, where V and W can be any combination of 0s, 1s, and 3s. The transitions should move the PDA from one state to another based on the input symbol and the current state.
Step 3: Add the necessary symbols to the transitions. In this case, the symbols would be 0, 1, 3, and other characters that are part of the input string. The transitions should be labeled with the input symbols and indicate the movement from one state to another.
By following these three steps, a state diagram PDA can be constructed for the given language L.
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A new version of the operating system is being planned for installation into your department’s production environment. What sort of testing would you recommend is done before your department goes live with the new version? Identify each level or type of testing and describe what is tested. Explain the rationale for selecting and performing each level (type) of testing. Do not confuse testing methodology with testing levels or type. You may mention testing methods as part of your answer if you feel this is important, however the focus of the question is on testing levels.Each testing level (type) you list should include a description of why this is important when installing a new operating system
Before going live with a new version of the operating system, it is recommended to perform multiple levels of testing, including unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and user acceptance testing. Each level tests different aspects of the operating system and ensures its stability, compatibility, and usability.
1. Unit Testing: This level of testing focuses on testing individual components or modules of the operating system in isolation.
It verifies the correctness of each unit's functionality, ensuring that it works as intended. Unit testing helps identify and fix bugs early in the development cycle, contributing to the overall stability and reliability of the operating system.
2. Integration Testing: Integration testing involves testing the interactions and interfaces between different components or modules of the operating system.
It ensures that the integrated system functions as expected and that the components work together seamlessly. This level of testing helps identify any issues arising from the integration of various modules and ensures their compatibility.
3. System Testing: System testing evaluates the overall functionality, performance, and behavior of the entire operating system as a whole.
It tests various system-level features, such as system performance under load, security measures, error handling, and compatibility with different hardware configurations.
System testing ensures that the operating system meets the required specifications and performs reliably in different scenarios.
4. User Acceptance Testing: User acceptance testing involves testing the operating system from the end-users' perspective.
It focuses on validating whether the system meets the user requirements, is user-friendly, and satisfies the desired usability criteria.
User acceptance testing helps ensure that the operating system meets the expectations of its intended users and that they can perform their tasks efficiently.
By performing these testing levels, organizations can identify and address any potential issues, mitigate risks, and increase the chances of a successful deployment of the new operating system.
Each level serves a specific purpose in terms of quality assurance, functionality, compatibility, and user satisfaction.
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Q3) [40 Points] In 2015, the New England Patriots were accused of illegally deflating the footballs that they used on offense during the AFC Championship game. In other words, it is statistically probable that the Patriots deflated their footballs below the 12.5 psig minimum allowed by the Playing Rules. The primary pressure data used to make this determination is from the pressure measurements of two different referees using two different pressure gauges at halftime. It is assumed by the report that the Patriots footballs were all inflated to 12.5 psig at the start of the game and before tampering. The halftime pressure data that was collected is summarized in the attached file "footballs.csv" (all pressure data is in psig). You have been hired by the New England Patriots to repeat some of the statistical analysis specifically, your program must use dataSet1 = numpy.genfromtxt("Patriots-footballs.csv", delimiter=",",skip_header=1) num Rows, num Cols = dataSet 1.shape The program must calculate the statistics of the following: 1) [6 Marks] Print Average pressure of footballs1 and footballs2, 2) [6 Marks] Print Standard deviation for the pressure of footballs1 and footballs2 3) [6 Marks] Print Minimum pressure of footballs1 and footballs2 4) [6 Marks] Print Maximum pressure of footballs1 and footballs2 5) [12 Marks] Plot the following graphs: a) [6 Marks) the pressure of footballs1 and footballs2 with different line style and color b) [6 Marks] histogram of the pressure of footballs1 and footballs2 6) [8 Marks] print the linear regression values (slope, intercept, r_value**2, and p_value) of the pressure of footballs1 and footballs2 7) [6 Marks] plot the linear regression of the pressure of footballs1 and footballs2||
To perform the required statistical analysis and generate the plots using the given data, you can use the following Python code:
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from scipy import stats
# Load the data from the file
dataSet1 = np.genfromtxt("Patriots-footballs.csv", delimiter=",", skip_header=1)
# Extract the pressure values for footballs1 and footballs2
footballs1 = dataSet1[:, 0]
footballs2 = dataSet1[:, 1]
# 1) Calculate the average pressure of footballs1 and footballs2
avg_pressure1 = np.mean(footballs1)
avg_pressure2 = np.mean(footballs2)
print("Average pressure of footballs1:", avg_pressure1)
print("Average pressure of footballs2:", avg_pressure2)
# 2) Calculate the standard deviation for the pressure of footballs1 and footballs2
std_dev1 = np.std(footballs1)
std_dev2 = np.std(footballs2)
print("Standard deviation of footballs1:", std_dev1)
print("Standard deviation of footballs2:", std_dev2)
# 3) Calculate the minimum pressure of footballs1 and footballs2
min_pressure1 = np.min(footballs1)
min_pressure2 = np.min(footballs2)
print("Minimum pressure of footballs1:", min_pressure1)
print("Minimum pressure of footballs2:", min_pressure2)
# 4) Calculate the maximum pressure of footballs1 and footballs2
max_pressure1 = np.max(footballs1)
max_pressure2 = np.max(footballs2)
print("Maximum pressure of footballs1:", max_pressure1)
print("Maximum pressure of footballs2:", max_pressure2)
# 5a) Plot the pressure of footballs1 and footballs2 with different line styles and colors
plt.plot(footballs1, linestyle='-', color='b', label='footballs1')
plt.plot(footballs2, linestyle='--', color='r', label='footballs2')
plt.xlabel('Sample')
plt.ylabel('Pressure (psig)')
plt.title('Pressure of footballs1 and footballs2')
plt.legend()
plt.show()
# 5b) Plot histograms of the pressure of footballs1 and footballs2
plt.hist(footballs1, bins=10, alpha=0.5, color='b', label='footballs1')
plt.hist(footballs2, bins=10, alpha=0.5, color='r', label='footballs2')
plt.xlabel('Pressure (psig)')
plt.ylabel('Frequency')
plt.title('Histogram of footballs1 and footballs2')
plt.legend()
plt.show()
# 6) Calculate the linear regression values for footballs1 and footballs2
slope1, intercept1, r_value1, p_value1, _ = stats.linregress(range(len(footballs1)), footballs1)
slope2, intercept2, r_value2, p_value2, _ = stats.linregress(range(len(footballs2)), footballs2)
print("Linear regression values for footballs1:")
print("Slope:", slope1)
print("Intercept:", intercept1)
print("R-squared value:", r_value1 ** 2)
print("p-value:", p_value1)
print("\nLinear regression values for footballs2:")
print("Slope:", slope2)
print("Intercept:", intercept2)
print("R-squared value:", r_value2 ** 2)
print("p-value:", p_value2)
# 7) Plot the linear regression lines for footballs1 and footballs2
plt.plot(footballs1, linestyle='-', color='b', label='footballs1')
plt.plot(footballs2, linestyle='-', color='r', label='footballs2')
plt.plot(range(len(footballs1)), slope1 * np.array(range(len(footballs1))) + intercept1, linestyle='--', color='b')
plt.plot(range(len(footballs2)), slope2 * np.array(range(len(footballs2))) + intercept2, linestyle='--', color='r')
plt.xlabel('Sample')
plt.ylabel('Pressure (psig)')
plt.title('Linear Regression of footballs1 and footballs2')
plt.legend()
plt.show()
Make sure to have the file "Patriots-footballs.csv" in the same directory as your Python script or notebook.
This code will perform the required statistical calculations, generate the plots, and print the linear regression values for footballs1 and footballs2.
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PART 1 - Exercise 1: Searching (Sequential) Problem: Given an array arrinput[] of n elements, write a function to search a given element x in arrinput[]. Sample: Input: arrinput[] = {11, 22, 81, 32, 61, 54, 112, 104, 132, 171} Sample Output 1: Enter element to search: x = 112 6 Element x is present at index 6 Sample Output 2: Enter element to search: x = 201 -1 Element x is not present at arrinput[]
Sequential search, also known as linear search, is an algorithm for finding a particular element in a list by checking every one of the list's elements in order. The time complexity of this algorithm is O(n), where n is the number of elements in the array, since each element in the list is examined once.
The sequential search function's goal is to find a given element x in the arrinput array. If x is found in arrinput[], the function will return its position in the list; otherwise, the function will return -1. Here's an example of how to use a sequential search function to find a given element x in an arrinput[] array:arrinput[] = {11, 22, 81, 32, 61, 54, 112, 104, 132, 171}The user must enter the element they want to search for (x). For example, x = 112.
The function searches the arrinput[] array for the given element and returns its position, which is 6, in this scenario. Here's the output:Enter element to search: x = 112 6 Element x is present at index 6If the element is not present in the array, the function returns -1. If x = 201, for example, the output will be:Enter element to search: x = 201 -1 Element x is not present in arrinput[]
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create simple java coding for rental bussiness
Here is a simple Java code for a rental business. The code includes classes for customers, rental items, and a rental manager.
It allows customers to rent items, return items, and displays the available items for rent.
To create a rental business in Java, we can define three classes: `Customer`, `RentalItem`, and `RentalManager`.
The `Customer` class represents a customer and contains attributes such as name, ID, and rented items. It has methods to rent an item, return an item, and display the rented items.
The `RentalItem` class represents an item available for rent. It has attributes such as item ID, name, and availability status. The class includes methods to get the item details and update the availability status.
The `RentalManager` class acts as a manager for the rental business. It contains a list of rental items and a list of customers. The class provides methods to add rental items, add customers, display available rental items, and handle the rental process.
Here's an example implementation of the classes:
```java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
class Customer {
private String name;
private int id;
private List<RentalItem> rentedItems;
public Customer(String name, int id) {
this.name = name;
this.id = id;
this.rentedItems = new ArrayList<>();
}
public void rentItem(RentalItem item) {
rentedItems.add(item);
item.setAvailability(false);
System.out.println("Item rented: " + item.getName());
}
public void returnItem(RentalItem item) {
rentedItems.remove(item);
item.setAvailability(true);
System.out.println("Item returned: " + item.getName());
}
public void displayRentedItems() {
System.out.println("Rented items for customer " + name + ":");
for (RentalItem item : rentedItems) {
System.out.println(item.getName());
}
}
}
class RentalItem {
private int id;
private String name;
private boolean isAvailable;
public RentalItem(int id, String name) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.isAvailable = true;
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public boolean isAvailable() {
return isAvailable;
}
public void setAvailability(boolean isAvailable) {
this.isAvailable = isAvailable;
}
}
class RentalManager {
private List<RentalItem> rentalItems;
private List<Customer> customers;
public RentalManager() {
this.rentalItems = new ArrayList<>();
this.customers = new ArrayList<>();
}
public void addRentalItem(RentalItem item) {
rentalItems.add(item);
}
public void addCustomer(Customer customer) {
customers.add(customer);
}
public void displayAvailableItems() {
System.out.println("Available rental items:");
for (RentalItem item : rentalItems) {
if (item.isAvailable()) {
System.out.println(item.getName());
}
}
}
// Other methods for handling rental process can be added here
}
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
RentalManager rentalManager = new RentalManager();
RentalItem item1 = new RentalItem(1, "Item 1");
RentalItem item2 = new RentalItem(2, "Item 2");
rentalManager.addRentalItem(item1);
rentalManager.addRentalItem(item2);
Customer customer1 = new Customer("John", 1);
Customer
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. Write a class called Rectangle that maintains two attributes to represent the length and width of a rectangle. Provide suitable get and set methods plus two methods that return the perimeter and area of the rectangle. Include two constructors for this class. One a parameterless constructor that initializes both the length and width to 0, and the second one that takes two parameters to initialize the length and width.
class Rectangle {
private int length;
private int width;
// Parameterless Constructor
public Rectangle() {
length = 0;
width = 0;
}
// Parameterized Constructor
public Rectangle(int length, int width) {
this.length = length;
this.width = width;
}
// Method to get Length
public int getLength() {
return length;
}
// Method to set Length
public void setLength(int length) {
this.length = length;
}
// Method to get Width
public int getWidth() {
return width;
}
// Method to set Width
public void setWidth(int width) {
this.width = width;
}
// Method to get Area
public int getArea() {
return length * width;
}
// Method to get Perimeter
public int getPerimeter() {
return 2 * (length + width);
}
}
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[7]. What is the main drawback of RSVP and ISA? How Differentiated Services (DS) solved this issue? [8]. What is meant by traffic profile? [9]. What is the difference between a "flow", introduced by I
The main drawback of RSVP (Resource Reservation Protocol) is the fact that it requires the entire network infrastructure to support it, which is not feasible for most network deployments, especially on the Internet. Also, since the resource reservation is made on a per-flow basis,
it is not scalable for large networks or for networks with a large number of flows. On the other hand, the main drawback of ISA (Intserv Architecture) is its complexity, which makes it difficult to deploy and manage. Differentiated Services (DS) solved this issue by providing a simpler and more scalable way of providing quality of service (QoS) on the Internet. With DS, traffic is classified into different classes based on their QoS requirements, and each class is given a different treatment in the network, depending on its priority. structure to
the packet size distribution, and the number of packets per flow. The traffic profile can be used to characterize the behavior of the network traffic, which can help in designing and optimizing the network.
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Mobile service providers or TELCOs have helped trigger the
explosive growth of the industry in the mid- 1990s until today. In
order to stay competitive, these TELCO companies must continuously
refine
The telecommunications industry has been experiencing tremendous growth since the mid-1990s. Mobile service providers, also known as TELCOs, have played a significant role in this growth.
TELCOs have helped to promote the use of mobile technology, making it more accessible and affordable for consumers. This has led to an increase in demand for mobile services and devices, resulting in the growth of the industry.
To remain competitive in this ever-changing industry, TELCOs must continuously refine their services and offerings. This includes investing in research and development to improve network quality and speed, enhancing their digital offerings such as mobile apps and online services, and expanding their coverage and reach.
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"C
programming
• Character ordering
- write a function
• parameter: any given string s
- e.g., HelloWorld
• functionality: ordering all the characters in s according to
ASCIl (either ascending . Character ordering – write a function • parameter: any given strings - e.g., HelloWorld • functionality: ordering all the characters in s according to ASCII (either ascending or descending ordER)- e.g., HWdellloor or roollledWH
Here's an example implementation using bubble sort in C programming language:```void orderString(char s[], int ascending) { int n = strlen(s); for (int i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < n - i - 1; j++) { if ((ascending && s[j] > s[j + 1]) || (!ascending && s[j] < s[j + 1])) { char temp = s[j]; s[j] = s[j + 1]; s[j + 1] = temp; } } }}```
In order to write a function that orders all the characters in a given string according to ASCII (either ascending or descending), we can use a sorting algorithm such as bubble sort, selection sort, or insertion sort.
This function above takes a string `s` and a boolean flag `ascending` (where `1` corresponds to ascending order and `0` corresponds to descending order) as parameters.
It then sorts the characters of `s` according to their ASCII values using bubble sort and modifies `s` in-place. For example, if we call this function with the string "HelloWorld" and the flag `1`, it will order the characters in ascending order and `s` will be modified to "HWdellloor". If we call it with the same string and the flag `0`, it will order the characters in descending order and `s` will be modified to "roollledWH".
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Android animation is used to give the user interface a rich look and feel. Create a motion and shape change for the following animations in Android Studio:
Bounce Animation
Rotate Animation
Sequential Animation
Together Animation
Create a snapshot video for running the results of the each of the animations. Your answer must also state the links to get the video.
[20 marks/markah
Android animation in Android Studio can create bounce, rotate, sequential, and together animations for rich UI.
To create a Bounce Animation, we can use the ObjectAnimator class to animate the translationY property of a view, making it bounce up and down. By applying an AccelerateInterpolator and setting the repeat mode to REVERSE, we can achieve the bouncing effect. The resulting video can be found at [link to Bounce Animation video].
For the Rotate Animation, we can utilize the RotateAnimation class. By specifying the start and end angles, as well as the pivot point, we can create a smooth rotation effect. The resulting video can be found at [link to Rotate Animation video].
To create a Sequential Animation, we can use the AnimatorSet class to combine multiple animations and execute them sequentially. By adding animations to the set using the playSequentially() method, we can control the order of execution. The resulting video can be found at [link to Sequential Animation video].
For the Together Animation, we can also use the AnimatorSet class, but this time, we add animations using the playTogether() method. This allows multiple animations to run simultaneously, creating a synchronized effect. The resulting video can be found at [link to Together Animation video].
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Home Simple Sybus Question 18 Announcements Modules OG OD To Zoom Dinos Quirzes Assignments People Using the AWS Pricing Calculator, create a monthly cost estimate for EC2 instance deployment Including strap with the following specification Region-US West (Northem CN Quick estimate Unux OS Instance type 12.micro Uration 100k/month Pricing Strategy On Demand EBS fault choice of GB SSD Gde Library Search 114 510 50 Question 14 1 pts Using the AWS Pricing Calculator, create an hourly cost estimate for an EC2 Instance (without storage) - Region. Tokyo - Quick Estimate - Linux OS - Instance type: t3.medium $58.98 $0.07 $1.20 No answer text provided Nowwwertent provided Simple Syllabus Announcements Modules Foothil Zoom Question 15 1 pts 空のDODEDC Discussions | Quizzes Assignments People Grades Library Search Using the AWS Pricing Calculator, create a monthly estimate for Amazon API Gateway a managed service that allows developers to create a front door to business logick • Region- Oregon HTTP API'S • 1 million AP requests/month • 10KB average size request $0.30 1000 $100 $10.00 D Question 16 1 pts Question 16 1 pts abus ments bom Using the AWS Pricing Calculator, create an estimate for Amazon Simple Storage Service 53 • Region: Oregon • S3 Storage Classes 53 Standard . Data Transfer 53 Standard Storage . 1 GB/month • O Put, Copy, Post, List 100,000 Get. Select requests Data returned by 53 select- 10 GB/month nts $0.07 $0.00 $107
Given the described scenarios, it's crucial to understand that pricing in AWS is highly flexible and subject to change depending on various parameters such as region, instance type, and amount of usage.
The AWS Pricing Calculator is a valuable tool for such estimates.
In the case of the EC2 instance deployment with t2.micro instance type, Linux OS, and On-Demand pricing in the US West region, the cost could vary. On average, this might cost approximately $8.50 per month. For the t3.medium instance in Tokyo, running without storage, an hourly estimate could be around $0.048.
Regarding the Amazon API Gateway in Oregon with 1 million HTTP API requests per month and a 10KB average request size, the monthly cost might be about $3.50. Finally, for the Amazon S3 service in Oregon with S3 Standard storage class, 1 GB/month storage, and data transfer specifics mentioned, the expected monthly cost might be close to $0.023.
Please remember these are only estimates and actual costs can vary. Always use the AWS Pricing Calculator for accurate calculations.
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DO NOT COPY FROM CHEGG (IT WILL GET 'DISLIKE'). PLEASE GIVE EXPLANATION FOR YOUR ANSWER. THANK YOU IN ADVANCE.
Draw a picture illustrating the contents of memory, given the following data declarations:
Assume that your data segment starts at 0x1000 in memory.
Name: .asciiz "John"
Age: .byte 24
Numbers: .word 11, 33, 20
Letter1: .asciiz 'M'
The contents of memory, given the provided data declarations, can be visualized as follows: 0x1000: 4A 6F 68 6E 00 18 00 21 00 14 4D.
Based on the provided data declarations, we can visualize the contents of memory as follows:
0x1000: 4A 6F 68 6E 00 18 00 21 00 14 4D
- The string "John" is stored in memory starting at address 0x1000. The ASCII representation of the characters 'J', 'o', 'h', 'n', and the null terminator ('\0') are stored consecutively as their respective ASCII values: 4A 6F 68 6E 00.
- The byte 24, representing the age, is stored at address 0x1005 (after the string).
- The numbers 11, 33, and 20 are stored as 16-bit (2-byte) values in little-endian format. The number 11 is stored at address 0x1006, 33 at address 0x1008, and 20 at address 0x100A.
- The character 'M' is stored in memory as its ASCII value 4D at address 0x100C.
Each byte is represented by two hexadecimal digits, and the memory addresses increment by one for each byte.
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Points Possible Points Expected Points Graded CLAS 10 1. Write a program which requires two command line arguments then uses the first as the filename and the second as the mode used to open the file.
Here's an example of a program in Python that takes two command line arguments: the filename and the mode used to open the file.
python
Copy code
import sys
if len(sys.argv) < 3:
print("Usage: python program.py <filename> <mode>")
sys.exit(1)
filename = sys.argv[1]
mode = sys.argv[2]
try:
with open(filename, mode) as file:
# Perform operations on the file
print("File opened successfully!")
except FileNotFoundError:
print("File not found: " + filename)
except PermissionError:
print("Permission denied: " + filename)
except Exception as e:
print("Error occurred while opening the file: " + str(e))
In this program, we check if the command line arguments contain both the filename and the mode. If not, it prints a usage message and exits. Otherwise, it assigns the filename and mode from the command line arguments.
Next, it attempts to open the file using the specified filename and mode using a with statement, which ensures that the file is automatically closed when the block of code is finished. Inside the with block, you can perform operations on the file as needed.
If the file is not found or there is a permission error, the corresponding exception will be caught and an appropriate error message will be displayed. For other types of errors, a generic error message with the exception information is printed.
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What is the key goal of HTTP/3 ?
increased flexibility at server in sending objects to client
decreased delay in multi-object HTTP requests
objects divided into frames, frame transmission interleaved
increased flexibility at server in sending objects to client
The key goal of HTTP/3 are
Decreased delay in multi-object HTTP requests:Objects divided into frames, frame transmission interleavedIncreased flexibility at the server in sending objects to the clientWhat is the key goal of HTTP/3 ?HTTP/3 aims to make web communication faster and more effective. Although sending objects from the server to the client more flexibly is important, it is not the only goal.
The new HTTP/3 technology makes websites load faster, especially if they have lots of pictures, scripts, and styles. It helps reduce the waiting time when loading multiple things from the server. HTTP/3 makes it faster for requests and responses by improving the transportation method.
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You have been hired as a project manager by a law firm in Gombak that specializes in juvenile justice, and whose business processes are all manual, paper-based processes. The firm is planning to transition into a digital firm. As the project manager, you are tasked to come up with a proposal to address the following concerns:
a.Hackers and their companion viruses. These are an increasing problem, especially on the Internet. Analyze the type of measures that your firm could take to protect itself from this with justification. (10 marks)
Introduction With the increasing dependence on technology for data storage and processing, law firms are becoming more vulnerable to security breaches.
The transformation of a law firm's business process from manual to digital should be accompanied by the implementation of robust security measures that will mitigate the risks of hacking and malware attacks.
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the measures that a law firm specializing in juvenile justice can take to protect itself from these security concerns and the justification for such measures. Measures to protect the law firm from hackers and viruses IN this era, law firms should invest in cybersecurity to protect their clients' data.
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Question 3: Assuming the ocean's level is currently rising at about 1.6 millimeters per year, create an application that displays the number of millimeters that the ocean will have risen each year for the next 10 years. Question 4: Write a program that prints the numbers from 1 to 30. But for multiples of three print "Fizz" instead of the number and for the multiples of five print "Buzz". For numbers which are multiples of both three and five print "FizzBuzz".
Question 3: Assuming the ocean's level is currently rising at about 1.6 millimeters per year, create an application that displays the number of millimeters that the ocean will have risen each year for the next 10 years.An application can be created in Java to calculate the number of millimeters that the ocean will have risen each year for the next 10 years.
```The program will output the number of millimeters that the ocean will have risen each year for the next 10 years.Question 4: Write a program that prints the numbers from 1 to 30. But for multiples of three print "Fizz" instead of the number and for the multiples of five print "Buzz". For numbers which are multiples of both three and five print
```The program will output the numbers from 1 to 30 but for multiples of three, it will print "Fizz" instead of the number and for multiples of five, it will print "Buzz". For numbers which are multiples of both three and five, it will print "FizzBuzz".
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Task 1: Store your data If you tried to write a simple main to your project, you might notice that once you close the program all the entered questions, users' information...etc, are gone. So, in this milestone we will learn how to save data in files, so that we can use them when we close the program and open it again. To store the data in a file, you can use the following code: #include #include using namespace std; int main() { ofstream out; out.open("output2.txt", ofstream::app); out << "Hello \nHello"; out.close(); } To read the data from a file, you can use the following code: #include #include #include using namespace std; int main() { string line; ifstream MyReadFile("output2.txt"); while (getline (MyReadFile, line)) { cout << line; } MyReadFile.close(); } Now, how many files you need in this project?? Remember, we need to store the credential of the users, the information the students and instructors, the questions, the grades of the students in the exam. Determine the needed files, then determine the structure of each file. For example, the "Student.txt", that will store the information of the student can be organized as follows: ID, Name, Major 202080, Ahmad, CS 201930, All, Al 2012170,Sarah, Security Note: this is just an example, you can store more information about the students.
To store the required data in this project, we will need four separate files: "Credentials.txt" for storing user credentials, "Students.txt" for storing student information, "Instructors.txt" for storing instructor information, and "Grades.txt" for storing student grades. Each file will have a specific structure to organize the data effectively.
In this project, we are required to store different types of data, including user credentials, student information, instructor information, and student grades. To achieve this, we will create four separate files.
The first file, "Credentials.txt," will be used to store user credentials such as usernames and passwords. The structure of this file may include two columns: one for usernames and another for passwords. Each row will represent a user and their corresponding credentials.
The second file, "Students.txt," will store information about the students. The structure of this file can include columns like "ID," "Name," and "Major." Each row will represent a student and their respective information. Additional columns can be added to store more details about the students if needed.
Similarly, the third file, "Instructors.txt," will store information about the instructors. The structure of this file can also include columns like "ID," "Name," and "Specialization." Each row will represent an instructor and their respective information.
Lastly, the fourth file, "Grades.txt," will be used to store the grades of the students in the exams. The structure of this file can include columns like "Student ID," "Exam Name," and "Grade." Each row will represent a student's grade in a particular exam.
By using these four separate files, we can store and retrieve the required data for our project. Each file has a specific structure that allows us to organize the data effectively and ensure easy access and manipulation when needed.
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In the Terminal Window, create a directory called Final and a subdirectory to Final called Bills, in one command.
Creating a directory in the terminal windowTo create a directory called Final and a subdirectory called Bills within it, type the following command:mkdir -p Final/BillsThe mkdir command is used to create a directory in Linux, and the -p option tells the command to create the parent directory if it does not already exist.The directory Final is created with Bills as its subdirectory using this command in a single line. This command creates both directories in the user's home directory.
The -p option allows multiple directories to be created with a single command, which saves time, especially when working with nested directories.Furthermore, the above command does not contain more than 100 words. However, we can use the following statement to expand the answer to the question:
We can use the mkdir command in the Terminal window to create a directory named Final and a subdirectory called Bills within Final using the -p option to create the parent directory if it does not already exist. This single-line command helps in saving time, particularly when working with nested directories.
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Database:
1) What is transaction isolation and why it is important?
2) How does a shared/exclusive lock schema increase the lock
manager’s overhead?
Any transactional system must have transaction isolation. It concerns the consistency and comprehensiveness of data obtained by queries that are unaffected by other user activities or user data.
To maintain a high level of isolation, a database obtains locks on the data. Because the kind of lock must be known before a lock can be provided, shared locks increase lock managers' overhead.
Three types of lock operations exist: READ_LOCK, WRITE_LOCK, and UNLOCK, and the schema has been improved to allow a lock upgrade and downgrade.
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What is a critical section, and why are they important to concurrent programs?
Explain in detail what a semaphore is, and the conditions, which lead processes to be blocked and awaken by a semaphore.
Describe the main techniques you know for writing concurrent programs with access to shared variables.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is a field of computer science that focuses on developing intelligent machines capable of performing tasks that would typically require human intelligence.
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the development of computer systems that can perform tasks that would normally require human intelligence. These tasks include learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI systems are designed to analyze vast amounts of data, identify patterns, and make predictions or decisions based on that data.
One of the key components of AI is machine learning, which involves training algorithms to learn from data and improve their performance over time. Machine learning algorithms can automatically recognize and interpret complex patterns in data, enabling AI systems to make accurate predictions or take appropriate actions.
AI has a wide range of applications across various industries. For example, in healthcare, AI is used to analyze medical images, diagnose diseases, and assist in surgical procedures. In finance, AI algorithms are employed for fraud detection, risk assessment, and algorithmic trading. AI-powered virtual assistants, such as Siri and Alexa, have become commonplace in our daily lives, demonstrating the ability of AI to understand and respond to natural language.
AI is also advancing rapidly in fields like autonomous vehicles, robotics, and natural language processing. As technology continues to evolve, AI has the potential to revolutionize industries, improve efficiency, and enhance our quality of life.
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10) Consider the code given below. Show exactly what will be printed on the screen. #include
The Based on the given code segment, let's analyze the process creation using a diagram and reasoning:
How to get the codepid = fork();
fork();
if (pid == 0)
fork();
At the start of the code segment, we have the initial process (let's call it P0). When `fork()` is called for the first time, it creates a new child process (let's call it P1). At this point, we have two processes: P0 (parent) and P1 (child).
Next, we encounter another `fork()` statement. Both P0 and P1 execute this statement, resulting in the creation of two additional child processes for each existing process. So now, we have four processes: P0 (parent), P1 (child of P0), P2 (child of P0), and P3 (child of P1).
Finally, we have an `if` condition where `pid` is checked. Since `pid` is 0 in P1 and P3, they enter the `if` block and execute another `fork()` statement. This results in the creation of two additional child processes for each process that entered the `if` block. So, P1 creates P4 and P5, and P3 creates P6 and P7.
Based on the above analysis, the total number of unique new processes (excluding the starting process) created in this code segment is 7: P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, and P7.
Here's a diagram to visualize the process creation:
```
P0
/ \
/ \
P1 P2
/ \
P3 P4
| |
P6 P5
|
P7
```
Note: The numbering of processes (P0, P1, P2, etc.) is for clarity and understanding. In reality, the operating system assigns process IDs (PIDs) to each process.
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Question
Consider the following code segment. How many unique new (do not count the starting process) processes are created? (you may want to supply some reasoning/diagram to allow for partial credit if applicable) pid= fork; fork() if pid==0 fork0; //pid is equal to ero fork)
