Option d Operant Conditioning. The fundamental tenet of operant conditioning is that a behavior's consequences affect how likely it is to be repeated in the future.
A relationship between a behavior and a result is formed by operant conditioning (whether favorable or unfavorable).
For instance, when they press a lever while the green light is on, lab rats are rewarded with food pellets.Operant conditioning, also known as instrumental conditioning, is the method through which both humans and animals learn how to behave in order to obtain rewards and avoid punishments. Additionally, it is the name of the experimental psychology paradigm that investigates these processes of learning and decision-making.
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OPTION D is correct.
It should be noted that basic premise of Operant conditioning is that the consequences of a behavior determine the likelihood of the behavior being repeated in the future.
What is Operant conditioning?
Operant conditioning can be regarded as an associative learning process whereby, the degree of behaviour reinforced.
Operant conditioning was first described by behaviourist B.F. Skinner, which is why you may occasionally hear it referred to as Skinnerian conditioning. As a behaviorist, Skinner believed that it was not really necessary to look at internal thoughts and motivations in order to explain behavior. Instead, he suggested, we should look only at the external, observable causes of human behavior.
Through the first part of the 20th century, behaviorism became a major force within psychology. The ideas of John B. Watson dominated this school of thought early on. Watson focused on the principles of classical conditioning, once famously suggesting that he could take any person regardless of their background and train them to be anything he chose.
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Shondra buys orange juice from the grocery store without even thinking about it. She buys it every time she shops and always picks the same brand, from the same fridge shelf. Shondra is engaging in _______ problem solving.
Based on the provided information, Shondra is engaging in routine problem solving.
Routine problem solving refers to the form of problem-solving which emphasis the use of sets of known or prescribed procedures (algorithms) to solve problems. In buyer behavior, routine problem-solving refers to a situation wherein consumers are typically purchasing low-priced or frequently purchased items. It is also known as routine response behavior. This is because it is usually a product that one buys over and over without giving it much thought. A marketer's goal with routine problem solving is to reinforce the purchase habits of existing customers and change the habits of non-existing customers.
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are objects used to convey nonverbal messages about mood, feelings, or style. examples: eyeglasses, a nurse's uniform, hairpieces or perfume.
The importance of both verbal and nonverbal communication is discussed in the next section.
when People talk with one another and share the data information vocally or nonverbally to convey their feelings, ideas, expressions, likes, dislikes, opinions, and anything else.
The technique by which people share knowledge by speaking it out loud is known as verbal communication.
Body language communication is the exchange of information between individuals without the use of words, frequently through the use of visual cues. Nonverbal clues such as body language, touch, and gestures are a few instances of nonverbal communication.
It is important to pay attention to both kinds of communication because, if just one is used, some ideas might not be delivered or understood by the audience.
One possibility is that someone asked you for directions to a specific spot.You'll use both verbal and nonverbal clues to assist him understand the direction. You'll use both words and physical signs to show him what he is asking for.
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_____ performed trail-blazing split-brain studies.Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button.
Michael Gazzaniga performed trail-blazing split-brain studies.
Hence, the correct option is "A"
Michael Gazzaniga is a renowned neuroscientist who has made significant contributions to the field of neuroscience. He is best known for his trail-blazing split-brain studies, which explored the effects of severing the connection between the two hemispheres of the brain.
His research has provided valuable insights into how the two hemispheres of the brain interact and process information. Gazzaniga's work has advanced our understanding of the brain and has helped to inform treatments for various neurological disorders.
---------The given question is incomplete, the complete question is:
"_____ performed trail-blazing split-brain studies.
A, Michael Gazzaniga
B. Roger Wolcott Sperry
C. George R. Mangun"---------
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from time to time, many of us have the urge to do something wild or unusual, such as streaking in the buyff past the fifty-yard line during the homecoming football game. such desire is resisted and subdued
This refers to the impulse to do something out of the ordinary or forbidden, such as streaking during a football game.
The Urge to Be Wild: Resisting the Impulse for Unusual BehaviourThis answer accurately describes the situation being referenced. It acknowledges the impulse to do something wild or unusual, and acknowledges that such an impulse is usually resisted and subdued. This is an accurate reflection of the context in which the phrase was used, as it implies that while the urge to do something wild or unusual exists, it is usually not acted upon.
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Which of the following are advantages of using the strategic profit model (SPM)? (Check all that apply.)The SPM is useful for evaluating both operational and marketing-based plans and actions.The SPM helps direct attention to those areas that represent opportunities or problems.The SPM model is relatively simple and straightforward to use.
1. The SPM is useful for evaluating both operational and marketing-based plans and actions
2. The SPM helps direct attention to those areas that represent opportunities or problems
3. The SPM model is relatively simple and straightforward to use
A tool used to evaluate a firm's profitability; return on fairness is calculated by multiplying the net profit margin by way of the asset turnover to attain the go-back on belongings which, in turn, is multiplied by way of the monetary leverage.
The Strategic profit version (also referred to as the DuPont version) gives a field of regard to an enterprise's finances and affords the capability to recognize and examine monetary overall performance and go back on investment.
A strategic planning model is how an enterprise takes its strategy and creates a plan to put it into effect to enhance operations and better meet its desires. How they get to this point requires identifying what the corporation wishes, and the way it hopes to attain those desires in the near term.
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Complete answer:
Which of the following are the advantages of using the strategic profit model (SPM)? (Check all that apply.)
in general, the implication of population ecology theory is that managers have little sway over change where whole populations of organizations are affected by external forces.
Yes, the implication of population ecology theory is that managers have little sway over change where whole populations of organizations are affected by external forces.
The population ecology theory contends that once an organisation has succeeded in a specific environmental niche, it cannot adapt to changing conditions. Considering organisations as populations within a wider ecosystem, population ecology theory in organisational theory focuses on the environmental factors that influence the emergence, growth, and demise of organisations.
This theory contends that managers have little control over the development and survival of businesses due to external environmental factors including technology, competition, and governmental laws. The inference is that managers have little control over the environment and can only react to changes in it.
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you are trying to decide whether to take a vacation. most of the costs of the vacation (airfare, hotel, and forgone wages) are measured in dollars, but the benefits of the vacation are psychological. if you do not take the vacation, you would spend the same amount of money on a new computer.Which of the following is true if you decide to take the vacation? A. You are not being rational because it is impossible to compare the benefits of going on the vacation to the costs. B. The benefits of going on the vacation exceed the cost of working for a month to pay for the vacation.C. The opportunity cost of going on the vacation is the forgone wages you could have earned.
You are trying to decide whether to take a vacation. most of the costs of the vacation (airfare, hotel, and forgone wages) are measured in dollars, but the benefits of the vacation are psychological. if you do not take the vacation, you would spend the same amount of money on a new computer. If you decide to take the vacation, The benefits of going on the vacation exceed the cost of working for a month to pay for the vacation. The correct answer is B.
Because vacations have psychological benefit, they are more advantageous than working. Despite working for a month to save enough money for the vacation, which was necessary, the benefits that person would receive from taking the vacation would outweigh the expense of working for a month to pay for it.
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_____ is the way in which the human resource management (HRM) function provides the most value to an organization.a. Complying with legal and social obligationsb. Promoting individual growth and developmentc. Developing an ethnocentric work environmentd. Facilitating organizational competitiveness
Organizational is the way in which the human resource management (HRM) function provides the most value to an organization.Complying with legal and social obligations. Promoting individual growth and developmentc.
Compliance with legal and social obligations is a goal of human resource management (HRM), and it is most likely to be accomplished by a business that ensures its personnel are aware of regulatory requirements.
Compliance with legal and social duties is one of the main objectives of human resource management (HRM). This objective is most likely to be met by a business that assures that all of its employees are following the same rules and regulations, hence lowering the possibility of moral or legal transgressions. This kind of business prioritises its employees' adherence to the law and adopts a pro-active approach to HRM. Additionally, such an organisation makes certain that its personnel are aware of its ethical standards.
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The fact that Ethan wants to eat something after a long day trekking in the mountains is indicative of his _____ needs for food.
-psychological
-personal
-physiological
-safety
Answer:
psychological
Explanation:
Surveyed students said they typically friends family members and instructors
Surveyed students said they typically like friends family members and instructors help them get better with learning.
What does survey say about students?Students can express their concerns, needs, and wants through a survey, providing input on how a teacher might alter their lesson plan to improve their performance in class.
There are several characteristics that characterize a good connection and show how to build strong relationships between students and teachers. Good communication, a secure learning environment, mutual respect, a cheerful and forgiving attitude, student equality, and timely praise can all be considered as examples of these.
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Although the brain works largely as a whole, which of the following is not a correct pairing of hemisphere and function?
Both claim to control right-handed motor functions and warmth, but this is not the case.
So the right hemisphere controls left-handed motor functions in the brain, and the right hemisphere controls left-handed motor functions.
Hence, option (B) is the correct choice.
The brain is lateralized, with specialized functions in each hemisphere. Language processing, logical and analytical thinking, and mathematical abilities are typically associated with the left hemisphere. The right hemisphere is linked to creativity, spatial awareness, and pattern recognition. Both hemispheres collaborate and communicate via the corpus callosum, a brain area that connects the two hemispheres.
a. Control of right-handed motor functions is controlled by the left hemisphere.
b. Control of left-handed motor functions is controlled by the right hemisphere.
c. Right hemisphere; face recognition
d. Language processing and reading in the left hemisphere.
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The complete question should be:
Although the brain works largely as a whole, which of the following is not a correct pairing of hemisphere and function?
a. left; control of right-handed motor functions
b. right; control of right-handed motor functions
c. right; recognition of faces
d. left; reading
The purpose of the examples from Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance, and The Princess Bride, was to make a clear distinction between O science and religion O facts and values O induction and deduction O operational and historical science
Out of the given choices above, it can be concluded to say that to make a clear distinction between science and religion was the primary purpose of the examples from Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance and The Princess Bride. Therefore, the option A holds true.
The concepts of science and religion, though inter-related, are completely in contrast to each other in terms of ideologies and philosophies that exist as a forming part of the society. The examples of the stories that have been mentioned above worked towards stating the striking differences between the concepts of science and religion.
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After people experience intense anger, which statements are true? (Choose every correct answer.)
They are more vulnerable to being provoked into anger again during the aftermath of the event.
They can help ward off further incidents by practicing self-awareness.
They continue to feel a lingering reaction for hours or days afterward.
After people experience intense anger, the following statements are true:
They are more vulnerable to being provoked into anger again during the aftermath of the event; they can help ward off further incidents by practicing self-awareness; and they continue to feel a lingering reaction for hours or days afterward.Practicing self-awareness is a skill that can help you better understand yourself and your reactions to different experiences. It involves taking the time to identify and understand your thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, and how they are connected to each other and your environment.
Self-awareness can help you become more aware of triggers that lead to negative emotions, and can help you develop strategies to manage these emotions in a healthy way. It can also help you recognize and understand your strengths and weaknesses and how to use them to your advantage. To practice self-awareness, it is important to take the time to observe your thoughts, feelings, and behaviors and to reflect on them. It is also important to engage in activities such as journaling, meditation, and self-reflection to further develop self-awareness.
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What happened to the Columbia when NASA failed to learn from the Challenger?
Answer:
The Columbia space shuttle was destroyed on February 1, 2003 during its re-entry into the Earth's atmosphere after a 16 day mission. The cause of the accident was determined to be a piece of foam insulation that had broken off of the external tank and struck the wing of the shuttle during launch. This incident was a result of the same issues that led to the destruction of the Challenger space shuttle in 1986, which was a failure to learn from previous mistakes.
Answer:
disintegrated as it reentered the atmosphere over Texas, killing all seven astronauts on board
Explanation:
For nearly eight decades until 2013, the federal government defined epar as $3x with
“a female forcibly and against her will.” Compare this definition with the new
definition in Figure 3.1. Which do you think is more representative of the crime, and
why? What are the consequences of removing “forcibly” and “against her will”
from the previous definition? (Explain in at least 300 words)
Answer:
The previous definition of r4pe, which was used by the federal government for nearly eight decades until 2013, defined r4pe as “a female forcibly and against her will”. The new definition of r4pe, which is found in Figure 3.1, removes the words “forcibly” and “against her will” and instead uses the term “without consent”.
In my opinion, the new definition of r4pe is more representative of the crime than the previous definition because it emphasizes the lack of consent and focuses on the victim's choice, rather than solely on the use of force. By removing the words “forcibly” and “against her will”, the new definition of r4pe is more inclusive, as it makes clear that r4pe does not necessarily involve physical violence. It also acknowledges that consent can be given or denied for a variety of reasons, such as fear, coercion, or incapacity due to age or disability.
The consequences of removing “forcibly” and “against her will” from the previous definition of r4pe are significant. By providing a more inclusive definition of r4pe, victims are more likely to feel comfortable coming forward and reporting the crime. This can help create an environment where victims feel supported and where perpetrators of the crime can be brought to justice. Additionally, the new definition of r4pe can help raise awareness of the issue, as it draws attention to the fact that r4pe is not always accompanied by physical force, and can therefore be committed even in the absence of physical violence. Finally, the new definition of r4pe can help reduce the stigma associated with r4pe, as it emphasizes the importance of consent rather than focusing on the use of force.
Employee engagement is best described as:
A.Employee interpersonal skills
B.Employee positive attitude
C. Employee motivation and commitment to the organization
D. Employee focus on completing their jobs
E. All of these are correct.
Employee engagement is best described as C) Employee motivation and commitment to the organization.
Employee engagement is a measure of how motivated and committed an employee is to their organization. It refers to the level of enthusiasm and dedication that employees feel toward their work, colleagues, and the company as a whole.
Engaged employees tend to be more productive, creative, and motivated, and are less likely to leave their jobs compared to those who are disengaged.
Employee engagement is influenced by a range of factors, including work-life balance, job security, and opportunities for professional development.
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A validity concern associated with the NCVS involves _____________.a. victims overreporting crimeb. its large sample size (ANSWER)c. interviewing household under the age of 12d. police officers who fail to disclose crimes in which they are involved
A validity concern associated with the NCVS involves victims overreporting crime.
The National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) is a national-level study conducted by the U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) that measures the rate and extent of crime in the United States. The NCVS is considered to be the largest ongoing survey of crime victims in the country and provides comprehensive data on criminal victimization and trends. The survey collects information from a representative sample of U.S. households and asks respondents about their experiences with crime over the past six months, including both reported and unreported crimes.
The data collected by the NCVS is used to measure the incidence and prevalence of crime in the U.S., including the extent of victimization, the characteristics of crime victims, and the impact of crime on victims. The NCVS also provides information on the type of crime, the offender characteristics, the location of the crime, and the victim's response to the crime. The NCVS data is widely used by policymakers, criminologists, and researchers to inform crime and justice oplicies and programs.
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Tyree is extremely good at identifying the motivations and intentions of the people he meets. According to Gardner, Tyree would most likely score very well on a test of ____ intelligence
a. bodily-kinesthetic
b. logical-mathematical
c. interpersonal
d. intrapersonal
Tyree is extremely good at identifying the motivations and intentions of the people he meets. According to Gardner, Tyree would most likely score very well on a test of interpersonal intelligence.
Tyree excels in figuring out the intentions and motives of the people he meets. Gardner predicted that Tyree would perform exceptionally well on a test of social intelligence. One of the many functions of intelligence is the capacity to recognise differences and overcome challenges, to centre oneself in space.
To reason, to make plans, to solve problems and put them aside, to think abstractly, to comprehend and produce ideas, to store information in the mind and retrieve it later, and to learn from experiences. Language proficiency and other intelligence-related skills can be distinguished from human talents even in larger animals like chimpanzees. Being born talented is treated just as harshly as being born thin or educated. Simply defined, intelligence is a sign of one's own moral character.
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for most of the 20th century there have been exhaust emission standards for farming equipment
The Transport Ministry has postponed the introduction of harsher emission standards by an additional six months in order to benefit tractor and other agricultural equipment producers.
Officials in the know say that this is a result of problems with the global supply chain and manufacturing demands.
According to officials, this prompted internal government discussions that came to the conclusion that, among other things, the global chip shortage will make it difficult to put these standards into practise.In the first decade of the 20th century, The Lone Star State have been more impacted by the oil industries in Texas.
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What evidence supp the idea that
the Dome of the Rocks and the West A
wall are important places?
Explanation:
The Dome of the Rock (Qubbat al-Sakhra) is an octagonal structure on an elevated platform in the middle of the Temple Mount area in Jerusalem. It is revered by most Muslims as the spot from which the Prophet Muhammad ascended to Heaven. Since its construction, the Dome has been for Muslims more than a mere structu
when communicating online, you should: remain aware of your online persona. remember that viewers tend to perceive you based upon your self-worth. never presume the gender of someone you are communicating with. assume that a person's online and offline identities are the same.
When communicating online, you should remain aware of your face remember that viewers tend to perceive you based upon your intended self-perception.
The exchange of information via digital media for the purposes of connection, transaction, and communication is known as online communication. Any form of internet-based communication is referred to as "online communication."When two or more people are present for one another's interactions, this is called "face-to-face interaction" and "face-to-face communication."
Online or in the real world, this could happen. Face-to-face communication is frequently more effective than written or audio-only conversations.Face-to-face communication is frequently more effective than written or audio-only conversations. This is due to the fact that seeing one another makes it simpler for us to interpret nonverbal signals and body language. Additionally, seeing each other enhances our understanding of one another because a lot of communication occurs nonverbally.
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which of the following best characterizes the influence of the news media on public opinion in the united states?
they affect which issues the public thinks is important
They affect which issues the public thinks are important and characterize the influence of the news media on public opinion in the united states.
Media are the communication channels or instruments used in mass communication to transmit and store information or data.
The phrase describes facets of the mass media communications sector, including print media, publishing, news media, photography, film, broadcasting (radio and television), digital media, and advertising.
Early forms of media can be seen as the development of writing and paper, which allowed for longer-distance communication systems like mail, including in the Persian Empire (Chapar Khaneh and Angarium) and the Roman Empire.
Authors like Howard Rheingold have framed the Lascaux cave paintings and the earliest forms of writing as early forms of media. The Chauvet Cave paintings are the starting point for another framework of media history, which continues with other channels.
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True or False, Where an offer stipulates a certain means of acceptance, the offeree's acceptance is effective upon dispatch even if it uses means other than those specified in the offer.
False. Where an offer stipulates a certain set of means of acceptance, the offeree's acceptance is effective upon dispatch even if it uses means other than those specified in the offer.
The person making the offer is known as the offerer, and the person who receives the offer and can accept or decline the offer is known as the common law offeree.
Basically, both parties must undoubtedly have mutual obligations and be competent enough to reach an agreement.
Offer Recipient is a natural or legal person who receives an offer to enter into a legally binding contract.
Each jurisdiction may have its own legal requirements for defining intended recipients under applicable contract law.
Generally, however, it is (1) the natural or legal person who receives an offer containing the essential elements for entering into a contract and (2) the person who has the choice to accept or reject the offer.
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People who have high self-esteem are more likely to succeed in achieving their personal goals because they Are driven by a desire to see their dreams and goals acheived.
The given statement, "People who have high self-esteem are more likely to succeed in achieving their personal goals because they Are driven by a desire to see their dreams and goals acheived." is true because it correlated with greater initiative and activity.
Having a high self-esteem is associated with greater success in achieving personal goals. This is because those with high self-esteem are more driven to achieve their dreams and goals.
Furthermore, this is reflected in their actions; research shows that people with high self-esteem are more likely to take initiative and display greater activity when it comes to reaching their goals. As such, having a positive self-image can lead to greater success in achieving our ambitions.
------The given question is incomplete, the complete question is:
"People who have high self-esteem are more likely to succeed in achieving their personal goals because they Are driven by a desire to see their dreams and goals acheived. (True/False)."--------
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Differential Association Theory How crime occurs when individuals learn cultural definitions supportive of illegal conduct.
When the balance of definitions for breaking the law outweighs those for abiding by the law, differential association predicts that a person will go down the criminal route. If the person's social network includes active individuals, this tendency will be strengthened.
Differential association is a theory in criminology put forth by Edwin Sutherland that contends people pick up the attitudes, values, methods, and motivations for criminal behavior through their interactions with others.
The learning theories of deviance most frequently discussed is the differential association theory. While not addressing why people turn to crime, this theory concentrates on how criminal behavior is learned. The interactionist perspective and learning theory have a close relationship, but interactionism is not generally regarded as the interactionist perspective because it places more emphasis on social boundaries.
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Which of the following describes Nationalism? *
A. When many small countries combine to form one larger, stronger country.
B. Pride in your country and thinking that it is the best.
C. Believing that all countries are equal in value.
D. An area controlled by another country.
(B) Pride in your country and thinking that it is the best.
The notion and movement of nationalism asserts that the state and the country should coexist. As a movement, it seeks to advance the interests of a certain nation (i.e., a group of people), particularly with the objective of establishing and preserving the nation's sovereignty (self-governance) over its native territory. It asserts that each nation should be allowed to rule itself without interference from outsiders (self-determination), that a nation is the only legitimate foundation for a polity, and that a nation is a natural and ideal base for one. Additionally, it tries to create and uphold an unified national identity based on a variety of social traits that are shared, including culture, ethnicity, geography, language, politics (or the government), religion, traditions, and others.
Suppose you conduct a reaction time (RT) experiment. In each trial, participants are presented with a letter string that flashes on and off screen very quickly. They are then presented with two letters (P and N in this example) and asked to identify which of these two letters appeared in the fourth positio of the string. Which of the following stimuli would be likely to produce the fastest RTs? SLOPE
The following stimuli would be likely to produce the fastest RTs as you would perceive the sound bah over and over. The correct option is option b stimuli.
The terms "cognitive processes" and "characteristics" are used interchangeably. It is the process by which existing knowledge is combined with new information. There are both conscious and unconscious processes that make up human cognition. It can deal with things that are both concrete and abstract, as well as things that are intuitive and conceptual. One definition of cognition is the mental process or action that helps people learn and understand something. It's possible that the intellectual functions are also included in this.
Recognizing something or someone is the main goal of cognition. After being identified, the individual must be able to process the information and have an appropriate strategy for using it. The appropriate cognition enables the individual to respond to that particular stimulus.
DISCLAIMER :The correct question is:
Suppose you conduct a reaction time (RT) experiment. In each trial, participants are presented with a letter string that flashes on and off screen very quickly. They are then presented with two letters (P and N in this example) and asked to identify which of these two letters appeared in the fourth positio of the string. Which of the following stimuli would be likely to produce the fastest RTs?
a)SLOPE
b)stimuli
c)reaction
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Overall, psychology may be about the nervous system, emotion and motivation, and mind and body. However, it is essentially all about _____.A. relationshipsB. disordersC. the individualD. what's wrongC. the individual
In general, psychology may be concerned with the neurological system, motivation, and emotion. But really, it's all about what's wrong. The right response in this case is option D.
Psychology is not just about what's wrong, but rather it is a broad field that studies the human mind and behavior, including both normal and abnormal experiences.
While some areas of psychology focus on the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders, other areas of psychology focus on factors such as relationships, emotions, motivation, and the interplay between the mind and body.
Psychology seeks to understand the complexities of human behavior and experience, and it does so by examining both the individual and the context in which they exist, including cultural, social, and environmental factors.
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To equalize participant characteristics across groups in an experiment, researchers use random _____, which allows them to _____.
To equalize participant characteristics across groups in an experiment, researchers use random assignment, which allows them to eliminate participant characteristics as possible explanations for results.
Hence, option (c) is the correct choice.
Random assignment means that if the experiment contains groups or treatments, participants are assigned to these groups or treatments at random (like the flip of a coin). This means that regardless of who the participant is, he or she has an equal chance of being assigned to any of the experimental groups or treatments.
Random assignment is important in experimental research because it ensures that the experimental and control groups are comparable and that any differences between them are due to random chance.
The method you use to select individuals from the population to participate in your study is referred to as random sampling.
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The missing options are:
a) sampling; eliminate participant characteristics as possible explanations for results
b) assignment: generalize results to the population of interest
c) assignment; eliminate participant characteristics as possible explanations for results
d) sampling: generalize results to the population of interest.
What evidence supp the idea that
the Dome of the Rocks and the West A
wall are important places?
The Dome of the Rock and the Western Wall are considered important places due to religious and historical significance
What are the significance of the Dome of the Rock and the Western Wall?Dome of the Rock
It is considered the third holiest site in Islam, marking the spot where Prophet Muhammad is believed to have ascended to heaven.
Western Wall
It is considered the holiest site in Judaism, being the only remaining part of the Second Temple in Jerusalem.
Hence, both places have been the focus of pilgrimage and worship for centuries and their significance has been recorded in religious texts and historical documents.
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