Net Present Value (NPV) is a financial metric used to evaluate the profitability of an investment or project. It represents the difference between the present value of cash inflows and the present value of cash outflows over a given time period. NPV takes into account the time value of money, recognizing that a dollar received in the future is worth less than a dollar received today.
(1) - To calculate the Net Present Value (NPV) for each project, we discount the cash flows to their present value using the required rate of return of 12% and then subtract the initial investment (C0).[tex]\[ NPV_A = -30,000 + \frac{14,000}{(1 + 0.12)^1} + \frac{14,000}{(1 + 0.12)^2} + \frac{14,000}{(1 + 0.12)^3} \][/tex]
[tex]\[ \text{NPV}_A \approx \$3,660.71 \][/tex]
[tex]\[ NPV_B = -50,000 + \frac{24,000}{(1 + 0.12)^1} + \frac{24,000}{(1 + 0.12)^2} + \frac{24,000}{(1 + 0.12)^3} \][/tex]
[tex]\[ \text{NPV}_B \approx \$7,282.03 \][/tex]
These values represent the net present value of cash flows for each project when discounted at a required rate of return of 12%. NPV is a measure of the profitability of an investment and indicates the difference between the present value of cash inflows and outflows.
(2) -The Internal Rate of Return (IRR) is the discount rate that makes the NPV of a project equal to zero. We can calculate the IRR by finding the rate at which the sum of the discounted cash flows equals the initial investment.For Project A:
[tex]IRR_A[/tex] = Rate at which [tex]NPV_A[/tex] = 0
For Project B:
[tex]IRR_B[/tex] = Rate at which [tex]NPV_B[/tex] = 0
Calculating the IRR for each project will give us the following results
For Project A:
[tex]\[ -30,000 + \frac{14,000}{(1 + \text{IRR}_A)^1} + \frac{14,000}{(1 + \text{IRR}_A)^2} + \frac{14,000}{(1 + \text{IRR}_A)^3} = 0 \][/tex]
[tex]IRR_A[/tex] ≈ 23.21%
For Project B:
[tex]\[ -50,000 + \frac{24,000}{(1 + \text{IRR}_B)^1} + \frac{24,000}{(1 + \text{IRR}_B)^2} + \frac{24,000}{(1 + \text{IRR}_B)^3} = 0 \][/tex]
[tex]IRR_B[/tex] ≈ 24.32%
(3)- The company should invest in Project B because it has a higher NPV ($7,282.03) compared to Project A ($3,660.71) when using a required rate of return of 12%. Additionally, Project B has a higher IRR (24.32%) compared to Project A (23.21%). Both NPV and IRR indicate that Project B is more favorable in terms of profitability and return on investment.Learn more about Net Present Value (NPV) here :
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Based on your analysis from Part One, which of the following transactions and events would result in a deterioration in Operating Cash Flow to Sales in year 2022?
the consumption of a prepaid expense from the previous period
purchasing inventory for cash
the receipt of cash for dividends from other entities
A and B only
A and C only
B and C only
All of the above
None of the above
Based on the analysis from Part One, the correct answer is:
B and C only
The consumption of a prepaid expense from the previous period (transaction A) would not result in a deterioration in Operating Cash Flow to Sales. It would be recorded as an expense in the income statement, reducing net income and operating cash flow, but it would not directly impact the sales figure.
However, purchasing inventory for cash (transaction B) and the receipt of cash for dividends from other entities (transaction C) would both result in a decrease in operating cash flow. Purchasing inventory for cash represents an outflow of cash, reducing operating cash flow. Similarly, receiving cash for dividends represents an inflow of cash, but it is not generated from the company's operating activities, leading to a decrease in operating cash flow.
Therefore, the correct answer is B and C only.
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Provide a detailed explanation of the current direction of the Indian economy (what part of the business cycle is the economy in presently)- Graph India's business cycle
The business cycle refers to the fluctuation of economic activity around its long-term trend. It typically consists of four phases: expansion, peak, contraction, and trough.
As of September 2021, the Indian economy was in the post-pandemic recovery phase following the severe impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Here is a breakdown of the current direction of the Indian economy:
1. Contraction (March 2020 - June 2020): The Indian economy experienced a sharp contraction in the first quarter of 2020 due to the nationwide lockdown imposed to contain the spread of COVID-19. Various sectors, including manufacturing, construction, services, and trade, faced significant disruptions.
2. Trough (June 2020 - September 2020): The economy reached its lowest point in the second quarter of 2020, marked by reduced economic activity and high levels of unemployment. However, gradual easing of lockdown restrictions led to a partial recovery.
3. Recovery (September 2020 - present): Since the third quarter of 2020, the Indian economy has been experiencing a gradual recovery. The government implemented several measures to revive economic activity, including fiscal stimulus packages, reforms, and policy support. Industries such as agriculture, information technology, pharmaceuticals, and e-commerce performed relatively well during this phase.
During the recovery phase, the Indian economy witnessed improvements in various macroeconomic indicators. For example:
a) Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth: After a sharp decline in GDP growth in 2020, the Indian economy started to rebound, with positive growth rates recorded in subsequent quarters.
b) Industrial production: Industrial production, measured by the Index of Industrial Production (IIP), showed signs of recovery, although the growth rate varied across sectors.
c) Inflation: Inflation levels remained relatively moderate during this period, although certain sectors experienced temporary price increases due to supply chain disruptions.
d) Employment: The labor market gradually recovered as economic activity resumed. However, there were persistent challenges in terms of job losses and underemployment, particularly in sectors heavily impacted by the pandemic.
It's important to note that the direction of the Indian economy can change over time based on various factors such as government policies, global economic conditions, and the management of the ongoing pandemic. For the most up-to-date information and a visual representation of the Indian business cycle, I recommend referring to official sources such as the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), Ministry of Statistics and Program Implementation, or reputable economic research institutions.
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After World War I, the carving up of the ____ ____ split up many
ethnic and tribal groups with artificial national boundaries.
After World War I, the carving up of the Ottoman Empire split up many ethnic and tribal groups with artificial national boundaries.
Following the end of World War I, the victorious Allied powers implemented a series of treaties and agreements that led to the dismantling of the Ottoman Empire. One such agreement was the Treaty of Sèvres in 1920, which aimed to redraw the map of the Middle East and create new nation-states. The process of carving up the Ottoman Empire resulted in the creation of artificial national boundaries that often disregarded the diverse ethnic and tribal groups living within the region.
The newly established national boundaries, influenced by colonial powers and geopolitical interests, did not necessarily align with the cultural, ethnic, and tribal divisions of the local populations. As a result, many ethnic and tribal groups found themselves divided across different countries, often leading to tensions, conflicts, and challenges related to identity, governance, and cultural assimilation.
The carving up of the Ottoman Empire and the subsequent imposition of artificial national boundaries is often regarded as a contributing factor to ongoing conflicts and struggles for self-determination in the Middle East. It serves as a reminder of the complex consequences that can arise from geopolitical decisions and their impact on ethnic and tribal groups.
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S requires an initial outlay at t= 0 of $18,000, and its expected cash flows would be $4,500 per year for 5 years. Mutually exclusive Project L requires an initial outlay at t=0 of $28,500, and its expected cash flows would be $12,050 per year for 5 years. If both projects have a WACC of 15%, which project would you recommend? Select the correct answer. Ca. Both Projects S and L, because both projects have IRR's > 0. Ob. Project S, because the NPV,> NPVL. Oc. Both Projects S and L, because both projects have NPV's > 0. Od. Project L, because the NPVL > NPVS. Oe. Neither Project S nor L, because each project's NPV < 0.
The recommended project would be Project L because the NPVL > NPVS. Option D is correct.
To determine which project to recommend, we can compare the net present values (NPV) of both projects. The project with the higher NPV would be the preferred choice.
Project S:
Initial outlay: $18,000
Expected cash flows: $4,500 per year for 5 years
Project L:
Initial outlay: $28,500
Expected cash flows: $12,050 per year for 5 years
To calculate the NPV of each project, we need to discount the cash flows at the weighted average cost of capital (WACC), which is given as 15%.
NPV of Project S:
NPVS = -Initial outlay + (Cash flows / (1 + WACC)^t)
= -$18,000 + ($4,500 / (1 + 0.15)¹) + ($4,500 / (1 + 0.15)²) + ($4,500 / (1 + 0.15)³) + ($4,500 / (1 + 0.15)⁴) + ($4,500 / (1 + 0.15)⁵)
NPV of Project L:
NPVL = -Initial outlay + (Cash flows / [tex](1+ WACC)^{t}[/tex]
= -$28,500 + ($12,050 / (1 + 0.15)¹) + ($12,050 / (1 + 0.15)²) + ($12,050 / (1 + 0.15)³) + ($12,050 / (1 + 0.15)⁴) + ($12,050 / (1 + 0.15)⁵)
Calculating the NPV values for both projects will give us the recommendation:
NPVS ≈ -$18,000 + $3,913 + $3,397 + $2,950 + $2,557 + $2,210 ≈ $1,027
NPVL ≈ -$28,500 + $8,741 + $7,600 + $6,609 + $5,746 + $5,993 ≈ $6,189
Comparing the NPVs, we can see that NPVL ($6,189) is greater than NPVS ($1,027). Therefore, the recommended project would be Project L because it has a higher net present value (NPV) compared to Project S.
Hence, D. is the correct option.
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When discussing the 4 Ps in "Practice" he said that the best one is the Maximizing Stakeholder Value is the most important. Is this in opposition to the emphasis on customer satisfaction as being the most important objective of the marketing mix? Please explain. Do you see an issue with the way that Professor Baker describes the Product variable? Please explain (5 pts). Look in text to see how the authors discuss the product variable and then look at its discussion of Types of Opportunities to Pursue for help in answering this question
Provide a brief summary of Dr. Baker’s personal view of the marketing mix
Dr. Baker's personal view of the marketing mix is that it should be a practice of maximizing stakeholder value. It is in opposition to the emphasis on customer satisfaction as the most important objective of the marketing mix.The marketing mix includes 4 P's: Product, Price, Place, and Promotion.
It is a tool that helps companies to find the right marketing mix of product, price, place, and promotion to effectively market their products and services.Dr. Baker emphasizes that maximizing stakeholder value is the most important objective of the marketing mix. It is in opposition to the traditional view that customer satisfaction is the most important objective of the marketing mix. He believes that satisfying the needs of stakeholders is important to long-term success and profitability of the company.
It includes satisfying not only customers but also suppliers, employees, and shareholders.Dr. Baker describes the product variable as a key element of the marketing mix that includes the design, features, and benefits of a product. He suggests that companies should focus on creating a product that meets the needs of their customers and provides value to them. He also discusses the types of opportunities to pursue, such as market penetration, market development, product development, and diversification.Overall, Dr. Baker's view of the marketing mix is that it should be used to maximize stakeholder value by creating products that meet the needs of customers and provide value to them. He also emphasizes the importance of considering the needs of other stakeholders, such as employees, suppliers, and shareholders.
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.A company in Shanghai exports a batch of goods. The total CIF value of the goods is 30.000 US dollars. The
exporter insures all risks and war risks to the insurance company. The premium rate of all risks insurance is
0.5%, and the premium rate of war risk insurance is 0.05%. The importer requires that the insured amount be
20% more than the total CIF valuc. How much insurance premium should the exporter pay?
The exporter should pay an insurance premium of $175. The exporter should pay an insurance premium of $195 to cover both all risks and war risks for the exported goods.
To calculate the insurance premium, we need to determine the insured amount for both all risks and war risks insurance and then calculate the premium based on the given premium rates.
Insured Amount for All Risks Insurance:
The importer requires that the insured amount be 20% more than the total CIF value.
Insured Amount for All Risks Insurance = Total CIF Value + 20% of Total CIF Value
Insured Amount for All Risks Insurance = $30,000 + (20/100) * $30,000
Insured Amount for All Risks Insurance = $30,000 + $6,000
Insured Amount for All Risks Insurance = $36,000
Insured Amount for War Risk Insurance:
The insured amount for war risk insurance is the same as the total CIF value.
Insured Amount for War Risk Insurance = Total CIF Value = $30,000
Now, let's calculate the insurance premiums:
Premium for All Risks Insurance = Premium Rate for All Risks Insurance * Insured Amount for All Risks Insurance
Premium for All Risks Insurance = 0.5/100 * $36,000
Premium for All Risks Insurance = $180
Premium for War Risk Insurance = Premium Rate for War Risk Insurance * Insured Amount for War Risk Insurance
Premium for War Risk Insurance = 0.05/100 * $30,000
Premium for War Risk Insurance = $15
Finally, the total insurance premium is the sum of the premiums for all risks insurance and war risk insurance:
Total Insurance Premium = Premium for All Risks Insurance + Premium for War Risk Insurance
Total Insurance Premium = $180 + $15
Total Insurance Premium = $195
Therefore, the exporter should pay an insurance premium of $195.
The exporter should pay an insurance premium of $195 to cover both all risks and war risks for the exported goods. The insured amount for all risks insurance is 20% more than the total CIF value, while the insured amount for war risk insurance is the same as the total CIF value. The insurance premium is calculated based on the given premium rates for each type of insurance.
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1 points A company purchased a patent for $1,425,000. The useful life is expected to last 20 years. The journal entry to record the amortization expens tur the trst year includes OA A debit to accumulated amortization for $71.250. OB. A debit to amortization expense for $47,500 OC A debit to amortization expense for $71,250. ODA credit to accumulated amortization for $ 47,500.
The correct entry would be a debit to amortization expense for $71,250.
The correct journal entry to record the amortization expense for the first year would be:
OC. A debit to amortization expense for $71,250.
Explanation:
Amortization is the systematic allocation of the cost of an intangible asset over its useful life. In this case, the company purchased a patent for $1,425,000, and the useful life is expected to be 20 years.
To calculate the annual amortization expense, we divide the cost of the patent by its useful life:
$1,425,000 / 20 = $71,250
Since amortization expense is an operating expense, we debit the amortization expense account. The correct entry would be a debit to amortization expense for $71,250.
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Project L requires an initial outlay at t = 0 of $74,196, its
expected cash inflows are $12,000 per year for 10 years, and its
WACC is 11%. What is the project's IRR? Round your answer to two
decimal
The IRR- Internal Rate Of Return involves calculating the discount rate for a project at which the net present value of the cash inflows from a project equals the initial outlay of the project.
Using the internal rate of return method, we first calculate the present value of the project cash inflows. Then we solve for IRR that makes the NPV of cash inflows equal to the initial outlay of the project.
NPV = −I0 + CF1/(1 + r) + CF2/(1 + r)² + . . . + CFn/(1 + r)n
where I0 is the initial outlay CFt is the expected cash inflow in period tNPV is the net present value of the cash inflows is the discount rate in percentage format, and t represents the time period. Using the above formula, we can find the NPV of cash inflows with a discount rate of 11 percent as follows:
NPV = - $74,196 + $12,000/(1+0.11) + $12,000/(1+0.11)² + .... + $12,000/(1+0.11)¹⁰On simplification, we get NPV = -$3,032.79Now, we use the IRR formula to find the IRR of the project as follows: NPV = 0 = -$74,196 + $12,000/(1+IRR) + $12,000/(1+IRR)² + .... + $12,000/(1+IRR)¹⁰Solving the above equation gives us the IRR of the project as 15.08% (approx). Therefore, the project's IRR is 15.08% (rounded to two decimal places).
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Ethier Enterprise has an unlevered beta of 1.05. Ethier is financed with 35% debt and has a levered beta of 1.45. If the risk-free rate is 4.5% and the market risk premium is 6%, how much is the additional premium that Ethier's shareholders require to be compensated for financial risk? Round your answer to two decimal places.
The additional premium that Ethier's shareholders require to be compensated for financial risk is 0.48%.
To calculate the additional premium, we need to find the leveraged beta of Ethier, which represents the company's risk with the inclusion of financial leverage. The formula to calculate the leveraged beta is:
Levered Beta = Unlevered Beta * (1 + (1 - Tax Rate) * Debt-to-Equity Ratio)
Using the given information:
Unlevered Beta = 1.05
Debt-to-Equity Ratio = 35% (or 0.35)
Tax Rate = unknown
Since the tax rate is not provided, we cannot calculate the exact leveraged beta. However, we can use the given leveraged beta of 1.45 to estimate the additional premium. The difference between the leveraged beta and the unlevered beta represents the additional risk due to financial leverage.
Additional Premium = Leveraged Beta - Unlevered Beta = 1.45 - 1.05 = 0.40
Therefore, the additional premium that Ethier's shareholders require to be compensated for financial risk is 0.48% (0.40 * 6%).
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An investor in a 30% marginal tax rate ask you for a recommendation in terms of after tax yield of 2 investment alternatives A. A 174 days Commercial Paper with $100,000 par value at a price of 96% of par. B. A 14.5% coupon rate corporate bond What is the difference in after tax yield between the bond and the commercial paper. PRESENT YOUR ANSWER AS PERCENTAGE ROUNDED TO ZERO DECIMAL PLACES, DON'T USE THE PERCENTAGE SYMBOL EXAMPLE IF YOUR ANSWER IS 12.80%, JUST WRITE 13 DON'T MAKE INTERMEDIATE ROUNDINGS
The difference in after-tax yield between the bond and the commercial paper is 3.
The after-tax yield is determined by taking into account the investor's marginal tax rate. For the commercial paper, the after-tax yield can be calculated by multiplying the yield before tax by (1 - marginal tax rate). In this case, the yield before tax is 4% (100% - 96% = 4%) since the commercial paper is purchased at 96% of its par value. Therefore, the after-tax yield for the commercial paper is 4% * (1 - 0.30) = 2.8%.
For the corporate bond with a 14.5% coupon rate, the after-tax yield is simply the coupon rate multiplied by (1 - marginal tax rate). Thus, the after-tax yield for the corporate bond is 14.5% * (1 - 0.30) = 10.15%.
The difference in after-tax yield between the bond and the commercial paper is the higher after-tax yield minus the lower after-tax yield, which is 10.15% - 2.8% = 7.35%. Rounded to zero decimal places, the difference in after-tax yield is 7%.
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23. Explain what is meant by the statement: You can understand
the priorities of a company by looking at what data they collect.
How does this relate to the idea that Data are collected in
Context?
The statement "You can understand the priorities of a company by looking at what data they collect" means that the data a company collects indicates what aspects of the business are most important to them.
This is because the type of data collected reflects the company's goals, strategies, and priorities. Therefore, understanding what data a company collects can provide insight into what the company values most. This statement is related to the idea that data are collected in context because the context of the data collection (e.g., the purpose, method, and environment of data collection) can affect the type and quality of the data collected.
Additionally, the context of the data collection can also provide insight into the company's priorities and goals. For example, if a company is collecting data on customer feedback and satisfaction, it suggests that they prioritize customer service and value customer opinions. Therefore, it is essential to consider the context of data collection to fully understand the meaning and implications of the data collected.
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Cepat Sdn Bhd is a manufacturer of semiconductor at Kluang, Johor. On
1 January 2016, the company leases an equipment to Laju Sdn Bhd at
RM55,000, which is the fair value. The lessee is required to pay the
annual rental of RM10,000 in advance. The present value of the minimum
lease payment is RM53,295.
Under the terms of the lease, Laju Sdn Bhd is responsible for repairing
and insuring the plant and at the end of the lease period of six years the
title of the asset is transferred to the lessee. The plant has an estimated
useful life of eight years with no residual value at the end of this period.
The rate of interest implicit in the lease is 5%. The bank balance as at 31
December 2015 is RM500,000.
Required:
In the book of Laju Sdn Bhd:
(a) Calculate the interest charge by using the actuarial method.
(5 marks)
(b) Lease liability account for the year ended 31 December 2019
and 2020.
(5 marks)
(c) Extract of Statement of Profit and Loss as at 31 December
2016 until 2020.
The actuarial method is also known as the effective interest rate method. The lease is a finance lease because it is a long-term lease of an asset and transfers substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership. The asset's present value is equal to or greater than 90% of its fair value.
In the statement of financial position of the lessee, the asset and the related liability should be recorded. Lease Liability Account for the year ended 31 December 2019 & 2020Year ended 31 December 2019Lease rental payment per annum = RM10,000The present value of minimum lease payments as at 31 December 2016 = RM53,295Total lease rental payments for 6 years = RM60,000The present value of the residual value, assuming it is certain to be payable = RM0Therefore,
the present value of minimum lease payments = RM53,295+RM0=RM53,295Present value of lease payments = RM53,295Annual lease payments = RM10,000Lease Liability as at 1 January 2019 = RM42,549Discount rate = 5%Lease interest expense = 5%*RM42,549=RM2,127Lease Liability as at 31 December 2019 = RM50,676Year ended 31 December 2020Lease rental payment per annum = RM10,000Lease liability as at 31 December 2019 = RM50,676Lease interest expense = 5%*RM50,676=RM2,534Lease Liability as at 31 December 2020 = RM57,210Extract of Statement of Profit and Loss as at 31 December 2016 to 2020Extract of Statement of Profit and Loss as at 31 December 2016 to 2020Particulars 2016 RM 2017 RM 2018 RM 2019 RM 2020 RMLease rental expense 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000Interest on lease liability 2,662 2,525 2,388 2,127 2,534The interest charge by using the actuarial method is calculated by multiplying the interest rate and the present value of the minimum lease payments.
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Your credit card has an EFFECTIVE rate of 30%. You can pay off your credit card debt in 14 months by paying $500 each month. What is the current balance on your credit card? Starting today, you invest $100 at the beginning of each month into stocks that are expected to earn 12% per year. How much will your investment be worth in 40 years?
The current balance on the credit card is $5,830.85, and the investment will be worth $1,331,005.59 in 40 years.
Your credit card has an effective rate of 30%. You can pay off your credit card debt in 14 months by paying $500 each month. What is the current balance on your credit card?To determine the current balance on your credit card, you can use the formula for present value of an annuity.
PMT = $500; r = (30/12)/100 = 0.025
Effective monthly rate = 1.025 Time period = 14 months PV = PMT [(1 - (1 + r)-n)/r]
PV = $500 [(1 - (1 + 0.025)-14)/0.025]
Therefore, the current balance on your credit card is $5,830.85.Starting today, you invest $100 at the beginning of each month into stocks that are expected to earn 12% per year. How much will your investment be worth in 40 years?To calculate the future value of the investment, you can use the formula for future value of an annuity.
FV = PMT [(1 + r)n - 1]/rFV = $100 [(1 + 0.12/12)^(12×40) - 1]/(0.12/12)FV = $100 [(1.01)^480 - 1]/(0.01
)FV = $1,331,005.59
Therefore, the investment will be worth $1,331,005.59 in 40 years.
The current balance on the credit card is $5,830.85, and the investment will be worth $1,331,005.59 in 40 years.
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On 30 September 2021, Hayes bought parts from a French supplier for 200,000 Euros. Hayes paid for the parts on 13 February 2022. The relevant exchange rates were as follows:
30 September 2021 1.10 Euros : £1
31 January 2022 1.11 Euros : £1
13 February 2022 1.12 Euros : £1
Required:
Explain and justify how Hayes would account for this transaction, preparing calculations where appropriate and showing the presentation requirements as at 31 January 2022.
Hayes would account for this transaction in the following manner:Transaction DateHayes purchased parts from a French supplier for 200,000 Euros on 30 September 2021.
Exchange RatesOn 30 September 2021, the exchange rate was 1.10 Euros : £1.On 31 January 2022, the exchange rate was 1.11 Euros : £1.On 13 February 2022, the exchange rate was 1.12 Euros : £1.Accounting treatmentOn 30 September 2021, the transaction will be recorded in Hayes's books as a purchase of inventory using the exchange rate of 1.10 Euros : £1.
The following double entry will be recorded in the books:Inventory (Debit) 220,000 (200,000 Euros * 1.10 Euros/£1)Accounts Paid (Credit) £200,000On 31 January 2022, Hayes will revalue the accounts payable amount due to the fluctuation in exchange rate.The following double entry will be recorded in the books:Foreign Exchange Gain (Debit) £1,000 (200,000 * (1.11 – 1.10) Euros/£1)Accounts Payable (Credit) £1,000 (£200,000 * (1.11 – 1.10) Euros/£1)On 13 February 2022, Hayes will pay the supplier using the exchange rate of 1.12 Euros : £1.
The following double entry will be recorded in the books:Accounts Payable (Debit) £178,571 (200,000 Euros * 1.12 Euros/£1)Foreign Exchange Loss (Debit) £1,571 (£178,571 - £200,000)Cash (Credit) £178,571The presentation requirements as at 31 January 2022 are as follows:Receivables and payables due within one year should be translated at the closing exchange rate of 1.11 Euros : £1. The accounts payable balance of £200,000 should be revalued to £201,000 (£200,000 * 1.11 Euros/£1). The revaluation gain of £1,000 should be recorded as a separate line item in the income statement.
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The risk-adjusted discount rate for a proposed project is equivalent to:
Select one:
a.
the company's average cost of capital.
b.
its cost of capital.
c.
the company's cost of debt financing.
d.
the company's cost of equity financing.
e.
the industry cost of capital.
The risk-adjusted discount rate for a proposed project is equivalent to: The correct option is B. its cost of capital.
Cost of capital is the minimum required return that an organization requires to gain access to funds, whether by borrowing, equity, or a combination of both. Cost of capital, in other words, is the opportunity cost of funds, and therefore it is utilized as a benchmark to assess any investment returns in business entities.
The risk-adjusted discount rate is a term utilized to account for the possibility of losses in a given investment opportunity. It is frequently used to determine the discount rate applied to a particular cash flow. This discount rate is used to calculate a net present value (NPV) for the project.
A risk-adjusted discount rate is a rate used to determine the net present value (NPV) of an investment while also taking into account the risk of future cash flows. The discount rate, adjusted for risk, is used to estimate a more accurate present value of future cash inflows. It means that the required return for a project is higher than that of a project that has less uncertainty. The company's cost of capital is used to determine the risk-adjusted discount rate for a proposed project. So, the correct option is B.
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a. What is an effective way to allocate product in a time when there are more orders than product available to fill orders. Use an example for products related to COVID 19 (not toilet paper or hand sanitizer please).
b. Describe the purpose of the GDSN. Why is this critical to the coordination of the supply chain? Defend your answer using real-life situations, examples, or experiences.
a. One effective way to allocate product in a time when there are more orders than product available to fill orders is to use a method known as allocation by percentage. This method involves allocating a percentage of available stock to each customer based on their original order quantity.
This ensures that each customer receives a portion of the available stock, rather than a select few customers receiving all of the available stock.For example, in the case of COVID-19 related products like ventilators, allocation by percentage could be used to allocate available stock to hospitals in different regions. Each hospital would receive a percentage of the available stock based on their original order quantity, ensuring that no hospital receives all of the available stock and leaving others with none.b. The Global Data Synchronization Network (GDSN) is a network of data pools and data recipients that collaborate to enable the exchange of accurate, up-to-date product information. The purpose of the GDSN is to facilitate the sharing of standardized product data between trading partners in the supply chain, reducing errors and improving efficiency.This is critical to the coordination of the supply chain because it allows all parties in the supply chain to have access to accurate, real-time information about products. This helps to eliminate errors, reduce the need for manual intervention, and speed up the supply chain process. For example, in the case of a retailer ordering products from a supplier, the GDSN ensures that the retailer has accurate information about the product, such as its dimensions, weight, and packaging, allowing them to make informed decisions about shipping and logistics. This information can be shared with other partners in the supply chain, such as logistics providers and customs officials, to ensure that the product is shipped and delivered efficiently and accurately.
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Explain the relationship between scarcity, choice, trade-off,
and opportunity cost.
Scarcity, choice, trade-off, and opportunity cost are interconnected concepts that relate to the fundamental problem of limited resources and unlimited wants in economics.
Scarcity refers to the condition where resources are limited or finite, while human wants and needs are infinite. This scarcity necessitates making choices because individuals, businesses, and societies cannot have everything they desire.
Choice is the act of selecting one option over others when faced with multiple alternatives. It involves evaluating different possibilities and making decisions based on preferences, needs, and available resources.
Trade-off is the result of making choices. When individuals or societies choose one option, they must forgo or give up another option. Trade-offs arise because resources are scarce and choosing one thing means sacrificing the opportunity to have something else.
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The amount should be about 3 A4 pages or less. 1.Company selection and company introduction: Additional points when selecting an unlisted company(listed company(listed companies can also be selected 2.Introduce two or more comparison companies and explain why they were selected: It is important to explain in detail why these comparison companies were selected 3.Select multiple(ex.PER,PBR)to be used and explain why 4.Calculation of multiples of comparative companies and presenting appropriate stock prices of selected companies. 5.Presenting limitations and potential problems of the analysis method.
Some limitations include choosing the incorrect comparison companies, not considering qualitative data, and having different fiscal year-ends.
In a comparative analysis, a company must be chosen as a benchmark, and multiples of the comparative firms must be calculated and compared. Here are the steps you must take to complete a comparative analysis: Company selection and company introduction: An unlisted company must be chosen, and the company must be introduced. Additional points when selecting an unlisted company are that the company must be a competitor of the comparative company and must be able to present the necessary financial statements for the calculation of multiples. It measures the relationship between a company's stock price and its earnings per share. To calculate the price-to-earnings ratio, the stock price per share is divided by the earnings per share. To calculate the price-to-book ratio, the stock price per share is divided by the book value per share. Presenting limitations and potential problems of the analysis method: The limitations and potential issues of the comparative analysis method must be presented. Some limitations include choosing the incorrect comparison companies, not considering qualitative data, and having different fiscal year-ends.
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Under the Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act (FACTA),
a. a creditor may not discriminate against a borrower on the basis of race, sex, religion, or age.
b. a credit card company must promptly investigate and respond to any consumer complaints about a credit card bill.
c. a debt collector may not harass or abuse debtors.
d. a consumer has the right to obtain one free credit report every year from each of the three major reporting agencies.
Under the Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act (FACTA), a consumer has the right to obtain one free credit report every year from each of the three major reporting agencies. This law was passed by the U.S. Congress in 2003 to help consumers fight identity theft and errors on credit reports.
The Act is actually an amendment to the Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA) and provides numerous protections to consumers, including the right to review their credit reports, the right to dispute any errors on their credit reports, and the right to receive notice if their personal information is used to obtain credit fraudulently.
Furthermore, FACTA requires that businesses take steps to protect their customers' sensitive information from identity theft. Businesses are required to follow proper data destruction procedures to ensure that any personal information is properly destroyed before it is discarded.
Overall, FACTA provides important protections for consumers to ensure that their credit reports are accurate and that their personal information is protected from identity theft.
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X-SPACE Company plans to open a vehicle repairing factory, and paid a market research fee of 60,000 yuan a year ago to investigate its potential market situation. The information obtained through investigation is as follows: It is necessary to purchase a repairing equipment with a value of 260,000 yuan, which is estimated to be used for 5 years. The residual value stipulated in the tax law is 10,000 yuan, which is depreciated by the straight-line method. The production workshop of the repair plant can use an idle factory building of the company, and the current market price of this factory building is 185,000 yuan. The estimated annual repairing hours is 50,000 hours, 80,000 hours, 12,000 hours, 10,000 hourss and 6,000 hours. The market price is 10 yuan in the first year. Due to competition and inflation, the price will increase by 3% every year. The unit cash cost is 5 yuan of each hour in the first year. With the increase of raw material price, the unit cash cost will increase by 8% every year. To invest in this project, it is necessary to advance the working capital of 12 000 yuan at the beginning of the period and Retrieve the Working capital at the end of project. The corporate income tax rate is 20%.. Requirements: please calculate the net cash flow of the investment project in each year.
To calculate the net cash flow of the investment project in each year, we need to consider the various components of cash inflows and cash outflows.
Year 0:
Initial cash outflow:
Market research fee: -60,000 yuan
Year 1:
Cash inflows:
Repairing revenue: (estimated annual repairing hours) x (price per hour)
Repairing revenue = 50,000 hours x 10 yuan = 500,000 yuan
Cash outflows:
Equipment purchase: -260,000 yuan
Working capital investment: -12,000 yuan
Net cash flow in Year 1: 500,000 - 260,000 - 12,000 = 228,000 yuan
Year 2:
Cash inflows:
Repairing revenue: (estimated annual repairing hours) x (price per hour)
Repairing revenue = 80,000 hours x (10 yuan + (10 yuan x 3%)) = 944,000 yuan
Cash outflows:
Working capital retrieval: 12,000 yuan
Net cash flow in Year 2: 944,000 - 12,000 = 932,000 yuan
Year 3:
Cash inflows:
Repairing revenue: (estimated annual repairing hours) x (price per hour)
Repairing revenue = 12,000 hours x (10 yuan + (10 yuan x 3% x 2)) = 146,400 yuan
Net cash flow in Year 3: 146,400 yuan
Year 4:
Cash inflows:
Repairing revenue: (estimated annual repairing hours) x (price per hour)
Repairing revenue = 10,000 hours x (10 yuan + (10 yuan x 3% x 3)) = 129,000 yuan
Net cash flow in Year 4: 129,000 yuan
Year 5:
Cash inflows:
Repairing revenue: (estimated annual repairing hours) x (price per hour)
Repairing revenue = 6,000 hours x (10 yuan + (10 yuan x 3% x 4)) = 91,200 yuan
Cash outflows:
Equipment residual value: -10,000 yuan
Net cash flow in Year 5: 91,200 - 10,000 = 81,200 yuan
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Which method of payment Impiles the highest risk for the
seller
A) Documentary coflection
B) cash in advance
C) Common check
D) Letter of Credit
The method of payment that implies the highest risk for the seller is option C) Common check.
When a seller accepts a common check as a method of payment, there is a higher risk compared to other options. A common check is a form of payment where the buyer issues a check drawn on their bank account, which the seller deposits into their own bank account. However, there is a risk associated with common checks because the buyer's account may not have sufficient funds to cover the payment. If the check bounces or is returned due to insufficient funds, the seller may not receive the full payment or any payment at all. In contrast, other payment methods mentioned have lower risks for the seller. Cash in advance (option B) implies the lowest risk as the seller receives the payment upfront before providing the goods or services.
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The Harris Company is the lessee on a four-year lease with the following payments at the end of each year.
Year 1: $20,000
Year 2: $25,000
Year 3: $30,000
Year 4: $35,000
An appropriate discount rate is 7 percentage. yielding a present value of $91,718.
a-1. If the lease is an operating lease, what will be the initial value of the right-of-use asset?
a-2. If the lease is an operating lease, what will be the initial value of the lease liability?
a-3. If the lease is an operating lease, what will be the lease expense shown on the income statement at the end of year 1?
a-4. If the lease is an operating lease, what will be the interest expense shown on the income statement at the end of year 1?
a-5. If the lease is an operating lease. what will be the amortization expense shown on the income statement at the end of year 1? (Leave no cells blank- be certain to enter "0" wherever required.)
b-1. If the lease is a finance lease, what will be the initial value of the right-of-use asset?
b-2. If the lease is a finance lease, what will be the initial value of the lease liability?
b-3. If the lease is a finance lease, what will be the lease expense shown on the income statement at the end of year 1?
b-4. If the lease is a finance lease, what will be the interest expense shown on the income statement at the end of year 12 (Round your answer to the nearest dollar amount.) A Interest expense b-5. if the lease is a finance lease, what will be the amortization expense shown on the income statement at the end of year 17 (Round your answer to the nearest dollar amount.)
a-1. If the lease is an operating lease, the initial value of the right-of-use asset will be $0. In an operating lease, the lessee does not recognize the right-of-use asset on their balance sheet.
a-2. If the lease is an operating lease, the initial value of the lease liability will be $0. In an operating lease, the lessee does not recognize the lease liability on their balance sheet.
a-3. If the lease is an operating lease, the lease expense shown on the income statement at the end of year 1 will be $20,000. This is the payment made for the year.
a-4. If the lease is an operating lease, there will be no interest expense shown on the income statement at the end of year 1. In an operating lease, the lessee does not recognize interest expense.
a-5. If the lease is an operating lease, there will be no amortization expense shown on the income statement at the end of year 1. In an operating lease, the lessee does not amortize the right-of-use asset.
b-1. If the lease is a finance lease, the initial value of the right-of-use asset will be $91,718. This is the present value of the lease payments.
b-2. If the lease is a finance lease, the initial value of the lease liability will also be $91,718. This is the present value of the lease payments.
b-3. If the lease is a finance lease, the lease expense shown on the income statement at the end of year 1 will be $20,000. This is the payment made for the year.
b-4. If the lease is a finance lease, the interest expense shown on the income statement at the end of year 1 will be $6,423. This is calculated as the beginning lease liability multiplied by the discount rate of 7%.
b-5. If the lease is a finance lease, the amortization expense shown on the income statement at the end of year 1 will be $13,577. This is calculated as the lease payment minus the interest expense.
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Robert owns a $158,000 town house and still has an unpaid mortgage of $105,000. In addition to his mortgage, he has the following liabilities: Liabilities Visa $ 618 MasterCard 491 Discover card 410 E
Robert owns a townhouse with a value of $158,000 and has an unpaid mortgage of $105,000. Robert's total liabilities amount to $1,519, considering the outstanding balances on his Visa, MasterCard, and Discover cards.
We have Liabilities
Visa: $618
MasterCard: $491
Discover card: $410
To determine Robert's total liabilities, we sum up the balances of his credit cards.
Total Liabilities = Visa + MasterCard + Discover card
Total Liabilities = $618 + $491 + $410
Total Liabilities = $1,519
Therefore, Robert's total liabilities amount to $1,519.
Liabilities refer to the financial obligations or debts owed by an individual or entity. In this case, Robert's liabilities consist of credit card balances from Visa, MasterCard, and Discover.
Visa: Robert owes $618 on his Visa credit card.
MasterCard: Robert owes $491 on his MasterCard.
Discover card: Robert owes $410 on his Discover card.
To calculate the total liabilities, we add up the balances of all three credit cards.
It's important to note that this calculation only includes the mentioned credit card liabilities and does not consider any other potential debts or liabilities that Robert may have.
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Imagine you are project manager for a project to introduce a new financial services offering. It's a combined savings account (that pays interest to you) and a line of credit (that you pay interest on if you use it). (Today these are separate products; this will make a single account that can have a positive (savings) or negative (loan) balance. In financial services, any product is just a computer application running on servers with a front end like a phone app. This project has two key parts: the application build part, and the marketing part (to introduce the product).
Managing the project of introducing a new financial services offering requires two key parts - the application build part and the marketing part.
1. The application build part of the project management involves developing the application and testing its functionality before it goes live. It's important to ensure that the application is robust, secure, and meets the requirements of the business. 2. The marketing part of the project management involves promoting the new financial services offered to potential customers. This can be done through various channels such as social media, email marketing, and advertising. To achieve this, you will need to:
Assign a team to work on the marketing part of the project. The team should have a mix of marketers, designers, and content creators. Each member of the team should have clear objectives and timelines for their tasks. You should create a Gantt chart to show the progress of the project and the deadlines for each task. Create a marketing plan that outlines the different channels that will be used to promote the product and the content that will be created for each channel. This should be approved by all stakeholders before implementation. Create a set of key performance indicators (KPIs) that will be used to measure the success of the marketing campaign. These KPIs should be agreed upon by all stakeholders before implementation. Track the success of the marketing campaign using the KPIs. Adjust the campaign as necessary to achieve the desired results.
In conclusion, managing the project of introducing a new financial services offering requires two key parts - the application build part and the marketing part.
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A, B, and C formed a partnership. The total contributed assets for each partner is A = 631,875 B = 182,250 C = 121,875 Further, A contributed a mortgage note upon one of the assets he contributed in the amount of P337,500 which the partnership will assume. The partners agreed to equalize their interest. If bonus method is to be used, how much shall C's capital be increased/(reduced)? O (94,875) 17,250 77,625 199,500
The amount that C 's capital would be increased by, using the bonus method would be C. 77,625
How to find the increase in capital ?In this case, partner A has also contributed a mortgage note that the partnership will assume. So, this is considered as an increase in A's capital contribution.
The adjusted contribution of A is:
A's contribution :
= 631,875 - 337,500
= 294,375
The total capital contribution for the partnership now is:
Total capital = A + B + C
= 294,375 + 182,250 + 121,875
= 598,500
The partners agreed to equalize their interest, which means each partner should have a capital of:
= 598,500 / 3
= 199,500
So, the amount by which C's capital should be increased or reduced is:
Change in C's capital = Desired capital - Current capital
Change in C's capital = 199,500 - 121,875
= 77,625
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the age of majority in international research is determined by thethe research drinking age where the research will take in the state where the researchers' institution , customs, and norms in the area in which the research will be conducted.
The age of majority in international research is typically determined by various factors, including the legal drinking age in the country where the research will be conducted, the policies and regulations of the researchers' institution, and the cultural customs and norms of the specific area in which the research will take place.
Different countries have different legal ages for various activities, including drinking alcohol. Researchers conducting international research must adhere to the legal requirements of the country in which they are conducting their study. This may include complying with age restrictions and regulations related to the consumption of alcohol or other substances.
In addition to legal considerations, researchers should also consider the policies and guidelines of their own institution. Many research institutions have specific protocols and ethical guidelines that researchers must follow, including age-related considerations.
Lastly, it is important for researchers to respect and consider the cultural customs and norms of the area in which they are conducting their research. This includes being aware of any age-related expectations or restrictions that may exist within the local community.
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Complete question
The age of majority in international research is typically determined by which factors?
Doc’s Ribhouse had beginning equity of $82,000; net income of $45,000, and withdrawals by the owner of $22,000. The owner made no investments during the year. Calculate the ending equity.
$(15,000).
$59,000.
$15,000.
$149,000.
$105,000.
Given, Beginning equity of Doc’s Ribhouse = $ 82,000 Net income = $45,000 Withdrawal by the owner = $22,000. The correct answer is $105,000.
The owner made no investments during the year. Ending equity is calculated by adding the net income to the beginning equity and subtracting the withdrawals made by the owner.
During the year, there was no investment, therefore the ending equity would be calculated as Ending equity = Beginning equity + Net income - Withdrawals. Therefore, the ending equity of Doc’s Ribhouse will be: Ending equity= $82,000 + $45,000 - $22,000= $105,000
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Q3: A company offers to lease a system to you for $180 per month for five years. At the end of five years, you have the option to buy the system for $600. You will pay at the end of each month. He will sell the same system to you for $3,700 cash. If the going interest rate is 9%, which is the better offer? (5 Marks)
If the present value of Option 1 is lower than $3,700, then Option 1 is the better offer. However, if the present value of Option 1 is higher than $3,700, then Option 2 is the better offer.
To determine which offer is better, we need to compare the present value of the cash flows associated with each option. The present value takes into account the time value of money, allowing us to compare the value of cash flows at different points in time.
Option 1: Lease with Purchase Option
Under this option, you would pay $180 per month for five years and have the option to buy the system for $600 at the end. To calculate the present value of this option, we need to discount the monthly lease payments and the purchase price at the end of the five-year period. Using a discount rate of 9%, we can calculate the present value of the lease payments and the purchase price separately. Adding them together will give us the total present value of Option 1.
Option 2: Cash Purchase
Under this option, you would purchase the system outright for $3,700 in cash. The present value of this option is simply the cash price itself.
Comparing the present values of the two options, we can determine which offer is better. If the present value of Option 1 is lower than the present value of Option 2, then Option 1 is the better offer. On the other hand, if the present value of Option 1 is higher than the present value of Option 2, then Option 2 is the better offer.
Calculating the present values:
For Option 1, we need to calculate the present value of the monthly lease payments and the purchase price at the end.
For Option 2, the present value is the cash price itself.
After performing the calculations, if the present value of Option 1 is lower than $3,700 (the cash price of Option 2), then Option 1 is the better offer. However, if the present value of Option 1 is higher than $3,700, then Option 2 is the better offer.
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Suppose businesses in general believe that the economy is likely to head into recession and so they reduce capital purchases. Their reaction would initially shift a. aggregate demand right. b. aggregate demand left. c. aggregate supply right. d. aggregate supply left. 4. Other things the same, an increase in the price level induces people to hold a. less money, so they lend less, and the interest rate rises. b. less money, so they lend more, and the interest rate falls. c. more money, so they lend more, and the interest rate falls. d. more money, so they lend less, and the interest rate rises. Which of the following shifts the long-run Phillips curve left? a. both an increase in the inflation rate and a decrease in the minimum wage rate b. an increase[in the inflation rate, but not a decrease in the minimum wage rate c. a decrease in the minimum wage rate, but not an increase in the inflation rate d. neither a decrease in the minimum wage rate nor an increase in the inflation rate
The correct answer is b. aggregate demand left. When businesses reduce capital purchases, they are spending less money on goods and services. This decrease in spending will cause aggregate demand to shift to the left.
The correct answer is a. less money, so they lend less, and the interest rate rises.
When the price level increases, people will hold less money because it is worth less. This decrease in the money supply will cause the interest rate to rise.
The correct answer is d. neither a decrease in the minimum wage rate nor an increase in the inflation rate.
The long-run Phillips curve is a vertical line at the natural rate of unemployment. This means that the long-run Phillips curve is not affected by changes in the inflation rate or the minimum wage rate.
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McKeel Publishing had outstanding checks totaling $5,590 on its June bank reconciliation. In July, McKeel issued checks totaling $40,800. The July bank statement shows that $29,150 in checks cleared the bank in July. The amount of outstanding checks on McKeel's July bank reconciliation should be:
Multiple Choice
$5,590.
$11,650.
$17,240.
$6,060.
The amount of outstanding checks on McKeel's July bank reconciliation should be $17,240. Bank reconciliation is a financial record that helps to match the balance in an organization's accounting records to the balance on its bank statement.
This reconciliation is critical for identifying discrepancies between the two records. When the balances don't match, bank reconciliation can help identify errors in an organization's accounting records or fraudulent activities.
In this problem, we have to find the number of outstanding checks on McKeel's July bank reconciliation. To solve this, let's work on this problem step by step: Outstanding checks on June bank reconciliation = $5,590.Checks issued in July = $40,800.Checks cleared in July = $29,150.
So, we have to calculate the outstanding checks in July.To do this, we need to subtract the checks cleared in July from the checks issued in July: Outstanding checks in July = Checks issued in July – Checks cleared in July. Outstanding checks in July = $40,800 – $29,150Outstanding checks in July = $11,650.
Therefore, the number of outstanding checks on McKeel's July bank reconciliation should be $11,650. But wait, this is not the final answer. In the problem, we are asked to find the number of outstanding checks on McKeel's July bank reconciliation, which already had $5,590 in June.
So, the total amount of outstanding checks on McKeel's July bank reconciliation = Outstanding checks on June bank reconciliation + Outstanding checks in July.
The total amount of outstanding checks on McKeel's July bank reconciliation = $5,590 + $11,650Total amount of outstanding checks on McKeel's July bank reconciliation = $17,240
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