The correct option is A.
inability of dogs to attempt to escape avoidable shocks after having received inescapable shocks .
Who is Seligman?A psychologist, educator, and self-help book author from the United States is Martin Elias Peter Seligman. The positive psychology and well-being theories that Seligman has developed are widely promoted in the scientific community. Clinical and scientific psychologists both embrace his notion of learned helplessness.
What is Martin Seligman's positive psychology?Positive psychology is the scientific examination of human characteristics and strengths. The positive psychology movement can be summed up as "the study of what comprises the pleasant life, the engaged life, and the meaningful life," according to Martin Seligman, who is regarded as the field's founding father.
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I understand that the question you are looking for is:
The concept of learned helplessness was formulated by Seligman to explain the ________.
a. inability of dogs to attempt to escape avoidable shocks after having received inescapable shocks
b. failure of dogs to learn to from prior mistakes
c. ability of dogs to learn to help other dogs escape situations in which they are receiving uncontrollable shocks
d. inability of dogs to learn to help other dogs escape situations in which they are receiving uncontrollable electric shocks
When the environmental lapse rate in the atmosphere is greater than both the wet and dry adiabatic rates, what atmospheric condition exists?
Absolute instability exists when the environmental lapse rate in the atmosphere is greater than both the wet and dry adiabatic rates.
The atmosphere is said to be absolutely unstable if the environmental lapse price is more than the dry adiabatic lapse rate. This means a rising air parcel will always cool at a slower rate than the environment, even when it is unsaturated.
An atmospheric circumstance exists while the environmental lapse rate is much less than the wet adiabatic rates. This results in a lifted parcel of air being less warm than the air around it.
Dry adiabatic lapse rate: Assumes a dry parcel of air. The air cools 3°C/100 m rise in altitude (5.4°F/1000 ft). wet adiabatic lapse rate: As the parcel rises, water condenses and gives off warmth, and warms the air around it. Parcel cools greater slowly as it rises in altitude, ≈6°C/1000 m (≈3°F/1000 ft).
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How would you classically condition an adventuresome 3-year-old to be more fearful of crossing a busy street near her house?
According to the book, classical conditioning is a sort of learning in which a person learns to link two or more inputs and predict occurrences. To teach a youngster not to run into the street, it must be exposed to stimuli that are associated with not doing so.
Classical conditioning is a behavioral process in which biologically potent stimuli are paired with previously neutral stimuli. It also refers to the learning process resulting from this pairing, in which neutral stimuli usually elicit responses similar to those elicited by strong stimuli.
Classical conditioning differs from operant conditioning. In operant conditioning, the strength of voluntary behavior is modified through reinforcement or punishment. However, classical conditioning can influence operant conditioning in different ways. In particular, classically conditioned stimuli help reinforce operant responses.
Classical conditioning was first studied in detail by Ivan Pavlov. Pavlov conducted experiments on dogs and published the results in 1897. During a gastrointestinal study of Russian physiologists, Pavlov observed that the dogs he used as test subjects drooled when offered meat.
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The ___ biome is characterized by very cold temperatures and very little precipitation.
The TUNDRA biome is characterized by very cold temperatures and very little precipitation.
The tundra is the coldest of the biomes. It also receives low rainfall, making the tundra look like a desert. Tundra is found in areas just below the ice cap in the Arctic, stretching across North America, into Europe, and into Siberia in Asia. For most of the year, the tundra biome is a frigid landscape. This biome has a short growing season, followed by harsh conditions, in which the flora and fauna in the area need special adaptations to survive.
The tundra forms in two distinctly cold and dry regions. Tundra ecosystems are treeless regions in the Arctic and on mountain peaks, where the climate is cold and windy and rainfall is scarce. The tundra lands are covered with snow for most of the year, but summer brings vibrant wildflowers.
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The weather conditions that least favor chemical weathering are ________ and ________,
The weather conditions that least favor chemical weathering are cold and dry.
Climate plays an important role in the breakdown of rocks and soil into sediment and this process is called weathering. Rocks found in equatorial climates and exposed to lots of rain, humidity and heat weather faster than rocks in located in cold and dry areas. Chemical weathering typically happens when there is increase in the temperature and there is rainfall. Hence rocks in hot and wet climate experience faster rate of chemical weathering.
In a wet climate there is an acceleration of weathering due to mixture of dirt with Carbon dioxide and air and water causing weak acid which breaks down rapidly. Whereas, cold, dry climate accelerate physical weathering due to expansion and contraction of minerals within rock.
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During which of jean piaget’s stages of cognitive development is a child likely to think, "how can the easter bunny deliver all those baskets in one night?"
During the operational stage of Jean Piaget's stages of cognitive development is a child likely to think, "how can the easter bunny deliver all those baskets in one night?"
What is cognitive development?Cognitive development refers to how children think, explore, and solve problems. It is the development of information, skills, problem-solving, and attitudes that enables children to think about and comprehend their surroundings. Cognitive development includes brain development.Operational stage:
The third stage in Piaget's theory of cognitive development is the concrete operational stage. This stage lasts from seven to eleven years and is marked by the development of organized and rational thinking.The formal operational stage begins around the age of twelve and lasts into adulthood. As teenagers go through this stage, they gain the ability to think abstractly by manipulating concepts in their heads without relying on concrete manipulation (Inhelder & Piaget, 1958).He or she can perform mathematical calculations, think imaginatively, apply abstract thinking, and imagine the consequences of specific actions.Therefore, during the operational stage of Jean Piaget's stages of cognitive development is a child likely to think, "how can the easter bunny deliver all those baskets in one night?"
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The conditions of probation are generally established by the ________________________.
The conditions of probation are generally established by the Judge.
Probation: What Is It?An offender serves out a criminal sentence on probation rather than serving time in jail. It is a period during which a criminal offender is under the supervision of a correctional officer, typically a probation officer. A probation officer supervises probation and parole and assists the offender in making various adjustments as they reintegrate into society following incarceration.
Typically, the court presiding over the case will grant probation. Probation is frequently given for non-violent crimes. Furthermore, when a first-time violation occurs, probation is more likely to be given.
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Marshall justified the claim that the court has the power of judicial review on the grounds that:________
Marshall justified the claim that the court has the power of judicial review on the grounds of the landmark case of William Marbury versus James Madison.
John Marshall argued that acts of Congress in warfare with the charter aren't regulated and consequently are non-binding to the courts and that the judiciary's first responsibility is continuing to uphold the charter.
Marshall reasoned that the Judiciary Act of 1789 conflicted with the constitution. Congress did no longer have the energy to regulate the charter through ordinary law because Supremacy Clause places the charter earlier than the laws.
In a landmark case, Marbury v. Madison (1803), Marshall dominated that acts of Congress can be reviewed and struck down if the courtroom deems them to be unconstitutional.
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In which climate zone would you find the most vegetation and economic activities?
In a temperate climate zone, we find the most vegetation and economic activities.
Temperate climates are normally described as environments with slight rainfall spread throughout the 12 months or part of the 12 months with sporadic drought, slight to heat summers, and cool to cold winters.
In geography, the temperate climates of Earth occur within the middle latitudes, which span between the tropics and the polar areas of Earth.
The temperate sector is the location of the earth that lies among the center latitudes, that is 40 ranges to 60 ranges to the north-south of the Equator. The temperate zones are located within the regions of the Earth among the tropic areas and the polar areas.
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Which of the following is NOT a complaint about New Deal programs?
A. Medical costs soared as the government began subsidizing poor hospitals
B. Social Security reduced spending power for years before seeing benefits
C. Racism kept programs from aiding minority groups
D. Aid projects had negative effects on the people they intended to help
Help me please
Aid projects had negative effects on the people they intended to help was not a complain about New Deal programs. Option D
What is new deal project?The New Deal project was formed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in the United States. It include series of public work projects and reform to the financial sectors.
Examples of new deal project are the Hoover Dam, airport in LaGuardia, the bay bridge.
It was a season of lift and change to the United States where aid were given to tenant farmers who were not indigent and migrant workers were granted aid also.
It was a period where Americans improve the countries infrastructure and create various of art and culture.
Therefore, Aid projects had negative effects on the people they intended to help was not a complain about New Deal programs. Option D.
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Texas ranked 39th in state government integrity according to the center for public integrity, with the lowest scores being in which areas?
The lowest scores being in these areas:
Enforcing ethicsRegulating lobbyistsHolding legislators accountableWhich group has the lowest turnout rate in Texas in 2018 midterm elections?
Of all groups, Asian Texans have the lowest voter turnout. - White Texans turn out at the highest rate. From the lowest level of temporary party organization to the highest level of temporary party organization, arrange the following party organizations in ascending order.
Which group exhibits extremely low levels of voting participation in Texas?
While Latin American nations account for the majority of immigrants in Texas, there is also a noticeable decline in the number of Asian residents who are eligible to vote when immigration status is taken into account. Age is more than a number in terms of elections. It serves as a predictor of someone's likelihood to vote.
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The study of interactions between the living and non-living components of a defined area is called:_________
Answer:
Ecology
Explanation:
What part of the united states constitution discusses the relationship between the federal government and states?
Article IV of the United States Constitution discusses the relationship between the federal government and the states. It simultaneously talks about the responsibilities of the States towards each other while discussing the federal government's responsibility towards the states.
The Article's 1st Section, itself says that the other states must give full faith and credit to the judicial proceedings as well as other public acts of the other states. Section 2 goes on to guarantee that citizens of one states may be on the same stature as the citizens of other states and the latter cant treat them any less than their own citizens.
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Generally the number of immigrants that come to the united states rises and falls with the united state’s?.
The greatest number of immigrants coming to the United States came from Germany.
What was the most common reason for immigrants to come to the United States at the turn of the 20th century?
Like most immigrants that came before them, early 20th century immigrants came to better their lives.
In Europe, many left their homelands in search of economic prosperity and religious freedom.
Why is it so hard to immigrate to the United States?
The demand from both family members and workers who want to immigrate to the United States is typically higher than the number of slots available each year.
In addition, there is a maximum number of employment-based and family-sponsored preference visas that can be issued to citizens of any one country each year.
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The ________ states that followers attribute heroic or extraordinary leadership abilities when they observe certain behaviors and tend to give these leaders power.
Answer:
Robert Houses charismatic leadership theory
"Is hosting the World Cup a good thing for the country and its people?"
Answer:
yes
Explanation:
because it helps tourism and helps bring development through abroad investors seeing the landmarks and quantity of the country economy
Answer:Yes
Explanation: Hosting a world cup improves a countries image internationally helping with employment and spreads happiness and prestige.
What is the best explanation of why consumers would decide to enter one and not another exchange relationship?
What is the best explanation of why consumers would decide to enter one and not another exchange relationship consumers will enter the exchange that they perceive will deliver the greatest value to them.
An exchange is a marketplace where securities, commodities, derivatives, and other financial instruments are traded. To give and receive reciprocally; interchange. To turn in for replacement. ·To give something in return for something received.
To exchange is defined as giving something and receiving something in turn. An example of to exchange is to gift Christmas gifts at the company office party. An example of exchange is to trade vegetables from your garden for cookies with your neighbor.
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According to metcalf, an essential, and somewhat overlooked effect of the anthropological modus operandi is:____.
According to Metcalf, an essential, and somewhat overlooked effect of the anthropological modus operandi is: they try to fit an alien item into its social and cultural context.
According to Metcalf, one significant yet underappreciated result of the anthropological method is anthropologists look for the unusual. They also attempt to integrate a foreign object into its social and cultural environment.
The systematic study of humans is known as anthropology, and its objectives include gaining a knowledge of human evolution, our uniqueness as a species, and the wide variety of human social structures that exist today and throughout human history.
The goal of anthropological theory is to explain and comprehend the human state. Anthropological theories are assertions that detail the connections between ideas that clarify or give insight into events in the human situation.
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The axons from the pontine nuclei into the cerebellum are referred to as _______ fibers.
The axons from the pontine nuclei into the cerebellum are referred to as mossy fibers.
One of the main inputs to the cerebellum are mossy fibers. This system receives information from a variety of sources, the largest of which is the cerebral cortex, which communicates with the cerebellum through the pontocerebellar pathway.
The vestibular nerve and nucleus, the spinal cord, the reticular formation, and feedback from the deep cerebellar nuclei are further factors. Fine mossy fiber axon branches wind across the layer of granule cells, and tiny enlargements that give the appearance of knots signify synaptic connections.
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Only the parties to a sales contract could sue each other under the traditional concept of:_______
Only the parties to a sales contract could sue each other under the traditional concept of privity of contract.
Privity of contract :
A common law doctrine which prevents a person who is not a party to a contract from enforcing a term of that contract, even where the contract was made for the purpose of conferring a benefit on the third party. The UK Contracts (Rights of Third Parties) Act 1999 reformed the privity of contract rule and gives a person who is not a party to a contract a right to enforce a term of that contract in specified circumstances.
What is an example of privity of contract?
Privity is an important concept in contract law. Under the doctrine of privity, for example, the tenant of a homeowner cannot sue the former owner of the property for failure to make repairs guaranteed by the land sales contract between seller and buyer as the tenant was not "in privity" with the seller.
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When a researcher is actively engaging and interacting with study volunteers while observing them, it's referred to as:____
When a researcher is actively engaging and interacting with study volunteers while observing them, it's referred to as participant observation.
Participant observation is a qualitative research tool allows the researcher to study a group not only by observing it but also by taking part in its activities. This involves the researcher being fully involved in the participants' everyday routines in order to document the behaviour in as many different contexts as feasible.
Participant observation enables you to see and comprehend what individuals are doing while contrasting it with what they are saying. By doing this, researchers determine if the participants in the study behave in ways that differ from how they are portrayed. Additionally, it enables the researcher to comprehend a particular group's dynamics and cultural context better, lending more weight to their interpretations of the observation.
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How much variance is explained when a correlation of .9 is found in your analysis of employee iq and productivity?
A correlation of 0.9 suggests a strong, positive association between the two variables.
We estimate a sample correlation coefficient in correlation analysis, more precisely the Pearson Product Moment correlation coefficient. the r-sample correlation coefficient.
Positive correlations between two variables occur when greater levels of one are linked to higher levels of the other, whereas negative correlations occur when higher levels of one are linked to lower levels of the other.
For instance, a correlation of r = 0.9 indicates a significant, favorably skewed relationship between two variables.
The calculation of a correlation coefficient does not reveal a non-linear link between two continuous variables, which is a crucial point to remember. As a result, it is crucial to consider the data carefully before calculating a correlation coefficient.
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What are the reasons why cultural differences in personality might be exaggerated?
The goal of cross-cultural psychology has long been to identify differences; however, due to outgroup homogeneity bias, many studies on cultural differences utilize significance tests rather than analyzing effect sizes, and the real size of differences may be quite tiny.
What is cross-cultural psychology?
The goal of cross-cultural psychology has long been to identify differences; however, due to outgroup homogeneity bias, many studies on cultural differences utilize significance tests rather than analyzing effect sizes, and the real size of differences may be quite tiny.
What does a cross-cultural psychologist do?
The goal of cross-cultural psychology is to comprehend how culture affects a wide range of human thought and behavior. Psychologists that work across cultures frequently research social interactions, personality, and development.
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The _____ hypothesis is the prediction that there will be no difference in the dependent variable across different levels of the independent variable.
The null hypothesis is the prediction that there will be no difference in the dependent variable across different levels of the independent variable.
A hypothesis (plural: hypotheses), in a scientific context, is a testable assertion about the relationship between or more variables or a proposed reason for some determined phenomenon. A hypothesis is a declaration that introduces a study's question and proposes an expected result. It's far a critical part of the scientific method that forms the basis of clinical experiments.
A research hypothesis is a statement of expectation or prediction that will be tested by research. Before formulating your research hypothesis, read about the topic of interest to you.
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1. how would you evaluate the argument between brandon and gabriella? are either or both of them being exploited?
The argument between B and G will not conclude until an appropriate and relevant source for advice and experience is available to evaluate the argument.
G is being exploited by using her body to sell a service. B is being exploited by denying him control over his work experience.
Evaluate defined as judging the value or value of someone or something. An example of grading is when a teacher reviews and grades a paper. verb.
"Critically assessing" involves expressing an opinion or judgment as to whether an argument or body of research is correct. This should be done as critically as possible. Please state your opinion on how true the statement or findings are.
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What committees contains four permanent committees that cannot report ligislation?
Joint committees contains four permanent committees that cannot report legislation.
There are different types of Congress Committees, few among them are standing, joint, conference and select committees. The Standing committee comes as an important policy making committee of the Congress, which also matches functions of the executive agency.
The members of the Conference committee are appointed by the Senator of that state as well as by the Speaker of the house. On the other hand Select committee is a temporary one, only designed to investigate certain issues.
In fact, we have the House Ways and the Means committee ,which are two permanent committees of the Congress.
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According to jesus, what are the two greatest commandments?
Answer: The First Great Commandment Was... Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind
The Second Greatest Commandment was... Thou shalt love thy Neighbour as thyself
what does the metaphor from Sophie's World “A lot of people experience the world with the same incredulity as when a magician suddenly pulls a rabbit out of a hat which has just been shown to them empty.” mean?
The meaning of the given metaphor is that a lot of people are amazed at the things which they experience in this world.
The narrator makes a direct comparison between the experience of the world of people and the experience and feeling that occurs when a magician performs a magic trick to show that people face the unexpected and startling aspects of life daily.
What is a Metaphor?This refers to the figurative expression that is used to make a direct comparison between two dissimilar things.
Hence, we can see that from the given narration, the narrator makes a direct comparison between the world's experience and a magician's performance experiences.
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Freud called the conflict where boys concentrate their sexual wishes upon their mother and develop hostile impulses against their father as rival is called:
Freud called the conflict where boys concentrate their sexual wishes upon their mother and develop hostile impulses against their father as rival is called: the Oedipus Complex.
According to psychoanalytic theory, the Oedipus complex is a stage in normal development that includes a strong sexual wishes with the parent of the other sex and a concurrent sense of competition with the parent of the same sex. The Oedipus complex is said to affect children between the ages of three and five, according to Freud. The idea was first presented by Sigmund Freud in his book Interpretation of Dreams (1899).
The word Oedipus derived from the Theban hero Oedipus of Greek legend, who unintentionally killed his father and married his mother. The feminine counterpart, the Electra complex, is named for another mythical heroine who assisted in the murder of her mother.
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A researcher who ask subordinates to speculate whether they think their manager would be likely to act unethically is using a:_______
A researcher who asks subordinates to speculate whether they think their manager would be likely to act unethically is using a Dubious.
Whilst we take a look at the differences in the terms, the main difference is that ethical is being morally principled and has very good behavior while unethical is the overall opposite of it. An ethical precept in one society can be unethical in any other society and these fluctuate from one society to every other.
Immoral refers to a contravention of positive requirements that govern human behavior and behavior. Unethical, however, involves the non-conformity to positive requirements that guide a selected position, institution, or career.
Social and situational pressures can lead individuals who cost morality to behave unethically. The steps involved in moral choice making [40]. pay, their research discovers that people lie whilst it pays, however simplest to the quantity that they are able to accomplish that without violating their perception of themselves as an honest character.
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Settlements in puritan new england differed from those in the chesapeake colonies because puritans __________.
Settlements in puritan new England differed from those in the Chesapeake colonies because puritans migrated as families.
Human migration is the movement of people from one place to another with the intention of permanently or temporarily settling in a new location (geographic region). Movements are often long distances and move from one country to another, but intra-country movements (single country) are also possible. In fact, this is the main form of human migration around the world.
Migration often enhances human capital at both the individual and household levels, improves access to migration networks, and facilitates re-migration potential. Age is also important for both working and non-working migrants. People can migrate as individuals, in families or in large groups. There are four main forms of migration: invasion, conquest, colonization and emigration/migration [4].
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