The energy required to drive the synthesis of the majority of the ATP generated during aerobic respiration comes most directly from: the flow of protons through an ATP synthase complex.
What happens during aerobic respiration?It is a process of cellular respiration occurring in the presence of oxygen to generate ATP (energy) from food.It is the most common type of respiration in plants and animals including humans, generating water, CO2 and energy as end products.The 3 stages of aerobic respiration are: glycolysis, Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation.Glycolysis is an anaerobic process.During oxidative phosphorylation, the hydrogen ions combine with oxygen to form water and at the same time the electrons pass along an electron transfer chain and their energy is utilized to form ATP molecules.In aerobic respiration, 38ATP molecules are formed by the oxidation of one molecule of glucose.Learn more about aerobic respiration here:
https://brainly.com/question/11691469
#SPJ4
During the catalase lab, tubes containing which combination of enzyme and substrate will cause bubbles (product is water and oxygen) to form?
During the catalase lab, tubes containing which combination of enzyme and substrate will cause bubbles (product is water and oxygen) to form catalase and hydrogen peroxide
Depending on the concentration of hydrogen peroxide, catalase causes an initial rapid evolution of oxygen that lasts for two minutes or less. Following that, oxygen is released at a constant rate that gradually falls over the course of an hour.
Hydrogen peroxide, the enzyme catalase's substrate, begins to decompose into water and oxygen when it comes into contact with the enzyme. Since oxygen is a gas and wants to leave the liquid, it tries to do so.
Insufficient buffering causes the catalase reaction to diminish as hydrogen peroxide concentration rises. In addition, as peroxide concentration rises, the proportionality between the enzyme and oxygen released also tends to become less uniform.
To learn more about hydrogen peroxide and catalase please visit-
https://brainly.com/question/13061693
#SPJ4
Which type(s) of joint(s) lack(s) a joint cavity and is(are) held together by a fibrous connective tissue?
a) 1. fibrous joints;
b) 2. cartilaginous joints;
c) 3. synovial joints.
e) 1 only
Fibrous joints lack a synovial joint cavity, have the articulating bones held together by fibrous connective tissue, and permit little or no movement.
Functional classification of joints depends on how the joint functions and the degree of movement they allow. Lack a synovial cavity are held together by fibrous connective tissue. The bones of fibrous joints are held together by fibrous connective tissue .Three types of fibrous joints are sutures, syndesmoses, and gomphoses. In fibrous joints the articulating parts are separated by white connective tissue (collagen) fibers, which pass from one part to the other. The only examples of these joints in the human body are the articulations between the roots of the teeth and their sockets (alveoli) in the maxillae and mandible.
To learn more about Fibrous joints ,here
https://brainly.com/question/13047344
#SPJ4
A& p the fibrous tissue that surrounds each muscle cell or fiber is called ____ and its function is to
Answer: The answer is Epimysiym
Explanation:
How does your nervous system affect you?
Nervous system controls our body movements, responses to the environment, thought processes.
What is the role of nervous system?Nervous system plays an important role in all the aspects of our life like body movements, involuntary activities like digestion, emotions, thought.Nervous system commands our entire body to do activities.The nervous system is able to control the body with the help of specialized cells called neurons which send electrical signals all over the body and helps to perform activities, respond to an external stimulus.The nervous system consists of 2 main parts: Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS).Each of these consists of billions of nerve cells.Diseases, stroke, injury to the brain, aging can affect our nervous system leading to decrease in activity.Learn more about nervous system here:
https://brainly.com/question/869589
#SPJ4
Cystic fibrosous is an inherited exocrine gland disorder that causes thick secretions of?
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited exocrine gland disorder that causes thick secretions of mucus and pus from respiratory infections to accumulate in the lungs.
What is mucus?Mucous membranes secrete mucus, a slick, viscous liquid. It lines the inside of mouth, nose, throat, sinuses, lungs, and digestive system. It is primarily composed of water (95%) and contains a variety of proteins, lipids, glycoproteins, proteoglycans, and DNA.It is produced by the mucous membranes that go from your nose to your lungs. When you breathe in, mucus sticks to dust, allergens, viruses, and other particles before being evacuated from your body.But occasionally, your body can produce too much mucus, which would call for repeated throat clearing.Lungs, throat, mouth, nose, and sinuses are lined with mucus, which is a sticky, gelatinous substance.Drinking enough beverages, particularly warm ones, can aid in the passage of mucus. By assisting your mucus in moving, water and other drinks can ease your congestion. Consider sipping soup, clear broths, and juice.Lemon water, warm fruit juice, and decaffeinated tea are further recommended drink options.Learn more about mucus here:
https://brainly.com/question/22140164
#SPJ4
Disclaimer: The question given in the portal in incomplete. Here, the complete question.
Question: cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited exocrine gland disorder that causes thick secretions of _____ to accumulate in the lungs.
The air masses that have the greatest influence on weather conditions in the central united states are?
The air masses that have the greatest influence on weather conditions in the central United States are Continental polar and Maritime Tropical air masses.
What are air masses?A large volume of air in the atmosphere with uniform temperature and moisture is called an air mass.
These air masses can extend horizontally for thousands of kilometres. Vertically, they can extend from ground level to the stratosphere which is up to 16 kilometres into the atmosphere. Air masses formed on land are called continental air masses and those formed over water are called maritime air masses.
When strong winds blow, air masses are moved as a whole and when they move, they carry the weather conditions of their original source with them. This influences the weather in their new location.
If the air mass clashes with an already present air mass at the new location, it can give rise to a severe storm.
Therefore two air masses affecting weather conditions in the United States are Continental polar and Maritime Tropical air masses.
Read more about air masses, here
https://brainly.com/question/12089291
#SPJ4
Why are ganymede and callisto geologically dead while the other two galilean moons of jupiter are active?
Ganymede & Callisto are low-density moons with a mixture of ice and rock. They are farther from Jupiter and are geologically dead.
The four largest moons of Jupiter, Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto, are known as the Galilean moons or Galilean satellites. Galileo Galilei initially observed them in December 1609 or January 1610, and in March 1610, he identified them as Jupiter satellites. They were the first discovered extraterrestrial objects orbiting a planet other than the Earth.
To know more about Jupiter refer:
https://brainly.com/question/15207516
#SPJ4
when will natural selction occur
A. When there is competition
B. When there are unlimited resources
C. When there are no mutations in a species
D. When the population is very small
Natural selection will occur When there is competition.
Competition between living things is considered in Darwin's theory of the mechanism of evolution as a key component of the "fight for existence" and, consequently, as the foundation for natural selection.Members of the same species compete with one another within their own species. In the same location, for instance, two male birds of the same species can compete for mates. A fundamental element of natural selection is this kind of rivalry. It encourages a species' ability to evolve superior adaptations throughout time.The reduction of niche overlap when two species compete for the same finite resource may result in evolutionary changes in both species. Alternately, the competitively dominant species remains the same and may even be able to enlarge its niche, which limits the amount of available niche space.learn more about natural selection here: https://brainly.com/question/23929271
#SPJ1
Squamous cell carcinoma. A/an _____ also called a solar keratosis, is precancerous skin growth that occurs on sun-damaged skin. It often looks like a red, tan or pink scaly patch and feels like sandpaper.
Actinic keratosis, also called solar keratosis, is a precancerous skin growth that occurs on sun-damaged skin.
What is skin cancer?Skin cancer is a type of disease caused by the uncontrolled growth of skin cells (i.e., keratinocytes that form the layer of the skin).
A precancerous condition is any type of environmental factor capable of altering the normal functioning of cells and eventually leading to cancer.
Actinic keratosis is a condition caused by excessively dry conditions in the skin as a consequence of a prolonged exposition to solar radiation, which may derive from serious conditions (e.g., skin cancer)
In conclusion, actinic keratosis is a precancerous skin growth that occurs on sun-damaged skin.
Learn more about skin cancer here:
https://brainly.com/question/25033946
#SPJ1
Identify the anthropological research question that most clearly takes an intersectional approach to race.
Briefly explain how the bacteria that make up a person’s microbiome exemplify two organisms benefitting from each other?
Bacteria in the microbiome help digest our food, regulate our immune system, protect against other bacteria that cause disease, and produce vitamins.
The bacteria in the microbiome help digest our food, regulate our immune system, protect against other bacteria that cause disease, and produce vitamins including B vitamins B12, thiamine and riboflavin, and Vitamin K, which is needed for blood coagulation.
Human body hosts 10 microorganisms for every human cell, and these microbes contribute to digestion, produce vitamin K, promote development of the immune system, and detoxify harmful chemicals. Microbes are also essential to making many foods we enjoy, such as bread, cheese, and wine.
To learn more about microbiome , here
https://brainly.com/question/25554842
#SPJ4
Pyruvate is the product of glycolysis, and after it moves into the ______, it is oxidized to form ______, which enters the krebs cycle.
Pyruvate is the product of glycolysis, and after it moves into the mitochondrial matrix, it is oxidized to form acetyl COA, which enters the Krebs cycle.
Glycolysis generates pyruvate in the cytoplasm, while the mitochondrial matrix is where pyruvate oxidation occurs (in eukaryotes). Pyruvate must therefore enter the mitochondrion, pass through its inner membrane, and reach the matrix before the chemical processes can start.The pyruvate molecules generated at the conclusion of glycolysis are carried into mitochondria, which are locations of cellular respiration, in eukaryotic cells. Aerobic respiration will continue if there is oxygen available. By eliminating a carbon dioxide molecule, pyruvate is converted in the mitochondria into a two-carbon acetyl group, which is then taken up by a carrier substance called coenzyme A (CoA), which is created from vitamin B5.learn more about Pyruvate here:
https://brainly.com/question/16346028
#SPJ4
What are the two main types of populations (based on their nutritional relationships)?
The two main types of populations (based on their nutritional relationships) are:-
1.Producers- Organisms which can synthesize their own food.
2.Consumers- Organisms which cannot synthesize their food and are dependent on producers for their nutritional needs.
Producers use energy and simple inorganic molecules to make organic compounds. They are also known as Autotrophs. They can be further classified as Photoautotrophs and Chemoautotrophs.
Photoautotrophs use energy from the Sun to make food by photosynthesis. They include plants, algae, and certain bacteria.
Chemoautotrophs use energy from chemical compounds to make food by chemosynthesis. They include some bacteria and also archaea. Archaea are microorganisms that resemble bacteria.
Consumers on the other hand are called Heterotrophs. They can be Herbivores (consuming plants) e.g. deer, Carnivores (consuming animals) e.g. lion or Omnivores (consuming both plant and animals) e.g. humans.
To learn more about Populations
https://brainly.com/question/27991860
#SPJ4
The causative agent of gonorrhea and one of the causative agents of meningitis is part of which subgroup of proteobacteria?
The causative agent of gonorrhea and one of the causative agents of meningitis is part of Diplococci subgroup of proteobacteria.
Diplococci
In essence, diplococci bacteria are paired, spherical, or rounded bacteria. Some bacteria may appear ovoid (elongated) or bean-shaped, unlike staphylococci bacteria, which form grape-like clusters and are genuinely round.
Numerous infections in humans can be brought on by both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The shape of diplococci bacteria can be spherical or elongated, as was previously mentioned. Therefore, some species—such as those of the staphylococci bacteria—might not be perfectly round. Because of this, they are frequently referred to as having an ovococcoid shape. Several studies have suggested that this form is the result of two different peptidoglycan machineries. The cell division machinery is in charge of producing septal peptidoglycan, which leads to the formation of the cell wall, in coccoids (really round bacteria), such as Staphylococcus aureus and Micrococcus.
The causative agent of gonorrhea and one of the causative agents of meningitis is part of which subgroup of proteobacteria?
Learn more about diplococci here:
https://brainly.com/question/15072140
#SPJ4
Biomolecules are made from simple monomers, yet you find a very high level of diversity. what chemical features make diversity in each category of biomolecules possible? provide examples in each case
Chemical features like 3-D structure and chemical bonding are responsible for diversity in biomolecules although they are made from simple monomers.
For example, in the case of carbohydrates, both starch and glycogen are made up of glucose monomers but still they differ in function in their body. This difference is because of the chemical bonding and the 3-D structure.
Similarly in protein biomolecules, amino acids act as the monomers but they differ in function due to their 3-D structure. Nucleotides are the building blocks of both RNA and DNA. RNA and DNA perform different functions in the body. DNA stores ad transfers genetic information while RNA is responsible for directly coding for amino acids.
To learn more about biomolecules here
brainly.com/question/5560087
#SPJ4
Which equation is an expression of the second law of thermodynamics for a spontaneous process?.
The second law of thermodynamics states that a spontaneous process increases the entropy of the universe, S(univ) > 0. If ΔS(univ) < 0, the process is nonspontaneous, and if ΔS(univ) = 0, the system is at equilibrium
What is thermodynamics ?The science of thermodynamics examines the connections between heat, work, temperature, and energy. The rules of thermodynamics explain how energy moves inside a system and whether or not the system is capable of performing beneficial work on its surroundings.
Energy cannot be generated or destroyed, according to Thermodynamics' First Law. The entropy of the cosmos increases for spontaneous processes, according to the second law of thermodynamics. Third Law of Thermodynamics: Entropy is zero in a flawless crystal at absolute zero Kelvin.Learn more about Thermodynamics here:
https://brainly.com/question/13059309
#SPJ4
What would occur if a lipid-insoluble ca2 channel antagonist was applied to cardiac contractile cells?
What would occur if a lipid-insoluble ca2 channel antagonist was applied to cardiac contractile cells?
Independent of electrical stimulation, a2+ would enter the cell and encourage Ca2+ release from the SR to cause more frequent heart muscle contractions.
What is cardiac contractile cells?The majority (99 percent) of the cells in the atria and ventricles are cardiac contractile cells. During contractions that pump blood throughout the body, contractile cells carry out impulses. The conduction system of the heart is made up of myocardial conducting cells, which make up 1% of all cells. They are typically much smaller than contractile cells, with the exception of Purkinje cells, and contain significantly less myofibrils or filaments than contractile cells. Despite being specialized muscle cells, they perform many of the same tasks as neurons. The electrical impulse known as an action potential, which travels throughout the heart and causes cardiac contractions that move blood forward, is started and spread by myocardial conduction cells.
To learn more about cardiac contractile cells from the given link:
https://brainly.com/question/20540623
#SPJ4
The incomplete oxidation of glucose or other carbohydrates without the use of oxygen is a process referred to as?
Fermentation is the process in which incomplete oxidation of glucose or other carbohydrate without the use of oxygen takes place.
What is fermentation?The chemical process in which molecules such as glucose are broken down without oxygen or in anaerobic condition.
Incomplete oxidation of glucose in the process of fermentation takes place under anaerobic condition as there is no use of oxygen.
During the process of fermentation pyruvic acid is formed and two molecules of ATP are synthesized.
Therefore,fermentation is the process in which incomplete oxidation of glucose or other carbohydrate without use of oxygen takes place.
Learn more about fermentation here:
https://brainly.com/question/15253416
#SPJ4
What kind of cell is involved in the process of scarring?
Scars are comprised mainly of collagen, a fibrous protein secreted by a type of cell found in the skin called a fibroblast. Collagen is one of the main components of the extracellular matrix — a three-dimensional web that supports and stabilizes the cells in the skin.
Answer:
EPF Cells (Engrailed-Positive Fibroblast Cells)
Explanation:
Researchers found evidence that EPF cells are clearly responsible for the vast majority of scarring.
Brainliest, please :)
The backbone of the internet is formed by:____.
a. network access points (naps).
b. metropolitan area exchanges (maes).
c. internet exchange points (ixps)
Option C is correct .
The backbone of internet is formed by internet exchange points (IXPs) are IP networking which allowing , allowing participant internet service provider to exchange data destined for their respective networks.
Internet exchange point is physical location through which internet infrastructure competencies such as internet service providers and CDNs are connect with each other.The primary alternative of IXPs is private peering , ISPs directly connect their networks to each others.
Its allow network to interconnect directly , the exchange , rather than going through one or more third party networks.Advantages of direct interconnection are cost, latency and bandwidths consists of more the one networks switches by which each of the participating ISPs connect.
To learn more about Internet exchange point here
https://brainly.com/question/14283947
#SPJ4
The force in nature which distinguishes between unfit and fit individuals is called?
The force in nature which distinguishes between unfit and fit individuals is called natural selection.
What is natural selection?Natural selection is the process in which nature chooses which organisms will survive and which will perish.Variations are present in all the organisms in a population. Some have better traits than the others.The organisms which adapt and change according to the environment have better chances of survival.Darwin gave the term ‘Survival of the fittest’ that operates under natural selection and drives the evolution of a species.Organisms which have genes better suited to the environment survive and pass these genes to their next generation. Eventually the population consists of only those organisms having that gene.An example of natural selection is Darwin's finches.Learn more about natural selection here:
https://brainly.com/question/23929271
#SPJ4
In a(n) ________ selection control structure, one path is taken if a condition is true and the other path is taken if the condition is false. boolean
It is useful to make a decision or comparison and then based on the result of that decision or comparison to select one of two paths and that condition must result in either true or false .
If condition is true then the program perform one set of task and if condition is false there may or may not be different sets of task to performs.When particular condition is true and ignore when condition is false is called Decision control structure.
In a decision selection control structure , one path is taken if a condition,Selection control structure which conditional statement of programming language which perform different computations.
To learn more about the programming language here
https://brainly.com/question/23959041
#SPJ4
Which areas of the brain undergo major growth spurts during middle childhood?
sensory and motor areas undergo major growth spurts during middle childhood.
The two types of motor (movement) skills that children acquire are called "fine motor skills" and "gross motor skills." Using hands and fingers to control smaller things is a function of fine motor abilities. coordination is a component of gross motor skills.Synaptic remodeling, or pruning, is a natural process of maturation. Additionally, because each child has a different experience, the brain grows in large part as a result. More often utilized synapses tend to be kept, whereas less frequently used synapses are lost.The brain is driven by the motor system, which also drives sensory stimulation and feedback. These abilities must advance and grow in order to support behavior and academic learning. Children that struggle academically or behaviorally frequently have underdeveloped sensory and motor systems.learn more about sensory and motor here: https://brainly.com/question/13061744
#SPJ4
Put the main steps of genetic engineering in the correct order. i. replicate the new organism ii. isolate the genes from the specialist cell iii. select the desired trait iv. insert the genes into the target organism a. ii, i, iv, iii b. iv, i, ii, iii c. iii, ii, iv, i d. i, ii, iv, iii
These are the five steps in genetic engineering.
locating and obtaining the DNA of an organism with a particular trait.cloning the gene responsible for the phenotype.creating a gene with a particular expression pattern.transformation, which involves introducing the gene into a crop plant's cells.Transgene into a background with affluence.In the process of genetic engineering, DNA extraction comes first. This is achieved by taking a sample of bacteria that contains the desired gene and subjecting it to a series of procedures that isolate DNA from other components of the cell.
Learn more about Genetic engineering https://brainly.com/question/14990401
#SPJ1
Name the three types of muscle tissue. What is the difference between the three of them?
Answer:Skeletal muscle, Smooth muscle, Cardiac muscle –
Explanation:
Skeletal muscle – the specialised tissue that is attached to bones and allows movement.
Smooth muscle – located in various internal structures including the digestive tract, uterus and blood vessels such as arteries.
Cardiac muscle – the muscle specific to the heart.
What is a nucleotide? what are the three parts of a nucleotide? how is a nucleotide (dna) different from a ribonucleotide (rna)?
A nucleotide is the building block of nucleic acids. The three parts of a nucleotide include a nitrogenous base, a pentose sugar and a phosphate group.
An important difference between ribonucleotide and deoxyribonucleotide is that the ribonucleotide is the precursor molecule of RNA while the deoxyribonucleotide is the precursor molecule of DNA.
Additionally, a ribonucleotide contains a ribose sugar while a deoxyribose sugar is present in a deoxyribonucleotide. Ribonucleotides also have a hydroxyl group on the 2' -position in the ribose.
There are two types of nitrogenous bases- Purines (Adenine and Guanine) and Pyrimidines (Cytosine, Uracil and Thymine). Cytosine is common for both DNA and RNA and Thymine is present in DNA. Uracil is present in RNA at the place of Thymine.
To learn more about nucleotide here
https://brainly.com/question/13185536
#SPJ4
Lymph traveling from the left arm would enter the venous circulation via the?
Lymph traveling from the left arm would enter the venous circulation via the thoracic duct.
What is thoracic duct?The largest lymphatic channel in the body's lymphatic system is the thoracic duct, commonly known as van Hoorne's canal.Adults have an average length of 40 cm, and their abdominal origin is about 5 mm wide. The thoracic duct runs from the root of the neck to the twelfth thoracic vertebra.The thoracic duct enters the posterior mediastinum, remaining to the right of the vertebral column, by ascending via the diaphragm's aortic hiatus. At the T7 vertebral level, it runs posterior to the esophagus before crossing over to the left side of the thorax at the T5 vertebral level.The primary lymphatic channel for the return of chyle/lymph to the systemic venous system is the thoracic duct. It drains lymph from the left side of the face and neck, left hemithorax, left upper limb, and both lower limbs.
Learn more about thoracic duct here:
https://brainly.com/question/19241374
#SPJ4
The only way the body can get rid of the huge acid load produced by metabolic reactions is to?
Answer:
discrete the hydrogen ions in the urine
Explanation:
The purple spots on colorless background of corn kernels observed by barbara mcclintock were the result of _______.
The purple spots on colorless background of corn kernels observed by barbara mcclintock were the result of transposition of the Ds elements out of the color gene.
Extrachromosomal loops that do not adequately mate with their homolog can be used to identify duplications and deletions during meiosis.
What is and example of a gene?
The definition of a gene is a unit on a chromosome that determines a specific trait in an organism, or a male's name. An example of a gene is a chromosome unit that determines a person's eye color. An example of a man named Gene is the actor Gene Wilder.What are the 4 types of genes?
There are four different chemical types: A, C, T, and G. A gene is a segment of DNA composed of an As, Cs, Ts, and Gs sequence. Every cell in your body contains about 20,000 of your genes due to how little they are.Learn more about gene.
brainly.com/question/8832859
#SPJ4
List three things you might say or do for someone who is leaving your residence impaired and insists on driving home.
Answer:
Explanation:
1. Offer to drive them home
2. Call a ride - taxis, ubers, ride sharing services
3. Offer them to stay the night at your house
