The Rate Earned on Stockholders' Equity for 2020 is likely lower than the Rate Earned on Stockholders' Equity for 2019.
To calculate the Rate Earned on Stockholders' Equity for 2020, we need to use the formula:
Rate Earned on Stockholders' Equity = (Net Income / Average Stockholders' Equity) x 100
To find the average Stockholders' Equity, we need to calculate the average of the Stockholders' Equity for the years 2018, 2019, and 2020.
Given the following data:
- Net Income for 2020 = $542,000
- Net Income for 2019 = $608,000
- No dividends on common stock were declared between 2018 and 2020
We don't have the specific Stockholders' Equity values for each year, but we can calculate the average by using the formula:
Average Stockholders' Equity = (Stockholders' Equity for 2018 + Stockholders' Equity for 2019 + Stockholders' Equity for 2020) / 3
Since we don't have the Stockholders' Equity values, we can't calculate the exact Rate Earned on Stockholders' Equity for 2020.
However, we can still determine the correct answer choice by comparing the given percentages.
Let's analyze the answer choices:
- 15.0%
- 37.5%
- 22.5%
- 33.6%
Based on the given information, we can see that the Net Income for 2020 is lower than the Net Income for 2019.
This suggests that the Rate Earned on Stockholders' Equity for 2020 is likely lower than the Rate Earned on Stockholders' Equity for 2019.
Therefore, the correct answer choice is 15.0%.
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Do you believe that the last two developments related to
uncertainty (Coronavirus and the Russia-Ukraine war)
detrimentally affect economies in the world? If yes, write
considerable reasons under the
Yes, the last two developments related to uncertainty, namely the Coronavirus pandemic and the Russia-Ukraine war, can detrimentally affect economies worldwide.
The impact of these developments on economies is significant due to various reasons:
1. Disruption of global supply chains: The Coronavirus pandemic has caused disruptions in global supply chains as countries implemented lockdowns, travel restrictions, and social distancing measures. This led to production slowdowns, shortages of raw materials, and logistical challenges, affecting industries and businesses globally. The ongoing Russia-Ukraine conflict also introduces geopolitical tensions that can disrupt trade routes and supply chains, leading to further economic instability.
2. Reduced consumer and investor confidence: Uncertain times tend to lower consumer and investor confidence. The fear of contracting the virus, coupled with economic uncertainties, can result in reduced consumer spending and investment activity. People may prioritize essential goods and services, leading to a decline in non-essential sectors. Investors may become cautious and hesitant to make long-term commitments, impacting business expansion and investment decisions.
3. Decline in tourism and travel: The travel and tourism industry has been severely affected by the pandemic, with international travel restrictions and lockdowns significantly reducing travel activities. This has led to a substantial decline in tourism revenue for many countries heavily reliant on the sector. The Russia-Ukraine war adds further geopolitical tension, potentially discouraging tourists and investors from visiting or investing in the affected regions.
4. Fiscal strain and increased public spending: Both the pandemic and conflicts require governments to allocate substantial resources to address healthcare needs, provide economic stimulus, and support affected sectors. This often leads to increased public spending, fiscal deficits, and higher levels of government debt, which can pose long-term challenges to economic stability.
5. Volatility in financial markets: Uncertainty can trigger volatility in financial markets, with stock market fluctuations, currency devaluations, and shifts in investor preferences. These fluctuations can impact investment portfolios, pension funds, and overall market stability, affecting businesses and individuals alike.
In summary, the Coronavirus pandemic and the Russia-Ukraine conflict introduce significant uncertainties that can disrupt global supply chains, reduce consumer and investor confidence, hamper tourism and travel, strain public finances, and create financial market volatility. These factors collectively pose risks to economic growth and stability on a global scale.
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8.
Mathematical economics involves the application of statistical
tools to estimate economic models.
a. True
b. False
The statement "Mathematical economics involves the application of statistical tools to estimate economic models" is true.
Explanation:- Mathematical economics is a quantitative approach to economic analysis. It employs mathematical techniques and models to study and explain economic theories and relationships. Mathematical economics is critical for understanding economic phenomena, creating policies, and predicting outcomes.
Statistical tools are an essential part of mathematical economics. They are used to estimate economic models and test economic theories. Econometric methods and statistical inference are used to determine the relationships between economic variables. Mathematical economics is not only essential to economists but also to policymakers, government officials, and businesses who want to make sound economic decisions.
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Carla Vista Telecommunications Corp. has made an investment in another company that will guarantee it a cash flow of $24,000 each year for the next five years. If the company uses a discount rate of 16 percent on its investments, what is the present value of this investment? (Round factor values to 4 decimal places, e.g. 1.2514 and final answer to 2 decimal places, e.g. 15.25.) Excel Template (Note: This template includes the problem statement as it appears in your textbook. The problem assigned to you here may have different values. When using this template, copy the problem statement from this screen for easy reference to the values you've been given here, and be sure to update any values that may have been pre-entered in the template based on the textbook version of the problem.) Present value of investment LA
The present value of Carla Vista Telecommunications Corp.'s investment can be calculated using the formula for present value of an annuity. With a guaranteed cash flow of $24,000 per year for five years and a discount rate of 16 percent, the present value of this investment is approximately $78,064.48.
To calculate the present value, each year's cash flow needs to be discounted back to its present value using the discount rate. The present value is the sum of these discounted cash flows. In this case, the cash flow of $24,000 is received each year for five years. By discounting each cash flow back to its present value using the discount rate of 16 percent, we can determine the present value of the investment.
By applying the present value formula, the present value of each year's cash flow is calculated, and then these present values are summed up to find the total present value. The resulting present value of approximately $78,064.48 represents the current worth of the investment, taking into account the time value of money and the discount rate of 16 percent.
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You are evaluating a new project. The initial investment required is $106,994.72 and the cost of capital is 7%. Expected cash flows over the next four years are given below: What is the PB of the project? Will the project be accepted based on the PB method if the threshold is 1.9 years? 2.9 years. The project will be accepted. 2.7 years. The project will NOT be accepted. 2.6 years. The project will NOT be accepted. 2.8 years, The project will NOT be accepted. 2.5 years. The project will be accepted.
The PB of the project is 2.6 years. The project will NOT be accepted based on the PB method if the threshold is 1.9 years because the calculated PB is longer than the threshold PB.
The payback period (PB) of the project is 2.6 years. The project will NOT be accepted based on the PB method if the threshold is 1.9 years.
Payback Period (PB) is the period taken for a new project to pay back its initial investment. In other words, PB is the amount of time it takes for a company to recoup its investment in a new project or venture. A shorter payback period is preferable because it means that the initial investment will be recouped sooner.Payback Period (PB) can be calculated by dividing the initial investment required by the expected annual cash inflows. The formula for calculating the PB method is:PB = Investment required / Expected annual cash inflowsCalculation:The initial investment required for the new project = $106,994.72The expected annual cash inflows are given in the table below:Year 1: $28,000Year 2: $37,000Year 3: $47,000Year 4: $57,000Therefore, the total expected cash inflows over the next four years = $28,000 + $37,000 + $47,000 + $57,000= $169,000The PB of the project can be calculated using the formula above:PB = $106,994.72 / $169,000= 0.6349 years or 2.6 years
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Taco Bell has expected sales of $10 billion in one-year, gross
profits are 30% of revenues, depreciation of 10% of revenues, and
its tax rate is 20%. Suppose these revenues and costs will continue
per
It would take 8.33 years for the initial investment to be repaid in full. The NPV is -$21.7 billion. Based on the results, the NPV is negative, indicating that the investment is not profitable.
To begin, let us calculate the expected cash inflows:
Total Revenues = $10 billion
Gross Profit = 30% of Total Revenues
= 30% x $10 billion
= $3 billion
Depreciation = 10% of Total Revenues
= 10% x $10 billion
= $1 billion
Taxable Income = Gross Profit - Depreciation
= $3 billion - $1 billion
= $2 billion
Income Tax = 20% of Taxable Income
= 20% x $2 billion
= $400 million
Cash Flows = Taxable Income + Depreciation
= $2 billion + $1 billion
= $3 billion
Next, we need to determine the cost of capital and the discount factor.
Cost of Capital = 10%
Discount Factor = 1 / (1 + Cost of Capital)
= 1 / (1 + 0.10)
= 0.9091
Now we can use the formula for NPV to determine whether or not this investment is profitable.
NPV = -Initial Investment + (Cash Flows / Discount Factor)
NPV = -$25 billion + ($3 billion / 0.9091)
NPV = -$25 billion + $3.3 billion
NPV = -$21.7 billion
Based on the results, the NPV is negative, indicating that the investment is not profitable.
The payback period is the amount of time it takes for the initial investment to be repaid in full.
Payback Period = Initial Investment / Average Annual Cash Flows
Payback Period = $25 billion / $3 billion
Payback Period = 8.33 years
Therefore, it would take 8.33 years for the initial investment to be repaid in full.
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The full question is given below:
Taco Bell has expected sales of $10 billion in one-year, gross profits are 30% of revenues. depreciation of 10% of revenues, and its tax rate is 20%. Suppose these revenues and costs will continue perpetually. If the cost of capital is 10%, compute the NPV of an investment by Bain Capital (a Private Equity Company) that proposes buying Taco Bell for $25 billion? What is the payback period for this investment?
A five year lease, appropriately classified as operating, calls for annual payments of $20,000 every January 1, beginning at the lease inception date of January 1, 2022. As an incentive to win the business, the lessor customarily offers a deep discount on the first year's rent, and only charges $4,000 on January 1, 2022. The remaining four payments remain in the contract at $20,000. What amount of lease expense will appear on the lessee's 2022 income statement?
The amount of lease expense that will appear on the lessee's 2022 income statement is $7,582.
To calculate the amount of lease expense that will appear on the lessee's 2022 income statement, we need to determine the total lease payments and then allocate them between interest expense and lease liability reduction.
The total lease payments over the five-year term will be:
$4,000 (discounted first year's rent) + ($20,000 x 4) = $84,000
To allocate this amount between interest expense and lease liability reduction, we need to calculate the interest rate implicit in the lease. The interest rate implicit in the lease is the discount rate that equates the present value of the lease payments to the fair value of the leased asset.
Assuming the fair value of the leased asset is equal to the present value of the lease payments, we can use the following formula to calculate the interest rate implicit in the lease:
PV of lease payments = $4,000 / (1 + r) + $20,000 / (1 + r)^2 + $20,000 / (1 + r)^3 + $20,000 / (1 + r)^4 + $20,000 / (1 + r)^5
Where r is the interest rate implicit in the lease.
Solving for r using a financial calculator or spreadsheet software, we get an interest rate implicit in the lease of approximately 9.98%.
Using this interest rate, we can now allocate the lease payments between interest expense and lease liability reduction. In the first year, the interest expense will be:
Lease liability at inception = $76,000 ($80,000 total lease payments - $4,000 discounted first year's rent)
Interest expense = $76,000 x 9.98% = $7,582
The lease liability reduction will be the difference between the total lease payment ($4,000) and the interest expense ($7,582), which is negative ($3,582). This represents a reduction in the lease liability, which will be reflected on the balance sheet.
Therefore, the amount of lease expense that will appear on the lessee's 2022 income statement is $7,582.
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Remuneration is the financial and non-financial rewards provided by an employer for the time, skills, and effort made available by the employee in fulfilling job requirements aimed at achieving organisational objectives.
Q.4.3.1 Differentiate between intrinsic and extrinsic rewards and give one example of each.
Remuneration is the financial and non-financial rewards provided by an employer for the time, skills.
Effort made available by the employee in fulfilling job requirements aimed at achieving organizational objectives.
Intrinsic and extrinsic rewards are the two major forms of remuneration. Intrinsic rewards are non-monetary rewards that are not physical in nature and can only be provided internally by the employer, whereas extrinsic rewards are tangible rewards that are usually provided externally to the employee in the form of compensation, benefits, or incentives.
Differentiate between intrinsic and extrinsic rewards and give one example of each. Intrinsic rewards: Intrinsic rewards are non-financial rewards that come from inside the individual and provide an internal sense of satisfaction.
The following are some examples of intrinsic rewards: Appreciation from colleagues Recognition for outstanding performance A sense of accomplishment Sense of achievement Extrinsic rewards: Extrinsic rewards are tangible, monetary rewards or benefits that are given to employees by the organization.
The following are some examples of extrinsic rewards: Salary Wages Commissions Bonuses Benefits, such as health insurance and retirement contributions
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The following are two independent situations related to future taxable and deductible amounts that resulted from temporary differences at December 31, 2020. In both situations, the future taxable amounts relate to property, plant, and equipment depreciation, and the future deductible amounts relate to settlements of litigation that were previously accrued in the accounts.
1. Whispering Winds Corp. has developed the following schedule of future taxable and deductible amounts:
2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Deductible amounts $400 $400 $400 $600 $400
Taxable amounts 0 0 0 (3,600 ) 0
Whispering Winds reported a net deferred tax liability of $1,040 at January 1, 2020.
2. Ayayai Corp. has the following schedule of future taxable and deductible amounts:
2021 2022 2023 2024
Taxable amounts $800 $800 $800 $800
Deductible amounts 0 0 (6,400 ) 0
Ayayai Corp. reported a net deferred tax asset of $1,480 at January 1, 2020.
Both Whispering Winds Corp. and Ayayai Corp. have taxable income of $7,600 in 2020 and expect to have taxable income in all future years. The tax rates enacted as of the beginning of 2020 are 25% for 2020 to 2023, and 30% for 2024 and subsequent years. All of the underlying temporary differences relate to non-current assets and liabilities. Both Ayayai and Whispering Winds report under IFRS.
To analyze the deferred tax liabilities and assets for Whispering Winds Corp. and Ayayai Corp., we need to calculate the temporary differences and apply the applicable tax rates to determine the changes in deferred tax liabilities/assets.
For Whispering Winds Corp.:
In 2024, there is a future taxable amount of $3,600 related to property, plant, and equipment depreciation, resulting in a decrease in the net deferred tax liability.
Change in deferred tax liability in 2024: $3,600 x 25% = $900 decrease
For Ayayai Corp.:
In 2023, there is a future deductible amount of $6,400 related to settlements of litigation, resulting in an increase in the net deferred tax asset.
Change in deferred tax asset in 2023: $6,400 x 25% = $1,600 increase
Updating the net deferred tax liabilities/assets for each company at the end of 2020:
Whispering Winds Corp.Net deferred tax liability at January 1, 2020: $1,040
Change in deferred tax liability in 2024: ($900)
Net deferred tax liability at December 31, 2020: $140
Ayayai Corp.Net deferred tax asset at January 1, 2020: $1,480
Change in deferred tax asset in 2023: $1,600
Net deferred tax asset at December 31, 2020: $3,080
It's important to note that these calculations assume no changes in taxable income or tax rates other than the information provided. Any changes in future taxable income or tax rates would impact the net deferred tax liabilities/assets accordingly.
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As you look through the material for this week you will notice various representations of the topography around Mt. Rainier. The summit is marked on both the geologic profile and topographic map as 14,410 ft. If you were to look at an older map of Mt. Rainier, would you expect that peak summit elevation to the same, higher or lower? Why? I am looking for you to think about this question critically and fully explain your answers. This is the discussion.
The peak summit elevation marked on an older map should still be around 14,410 ft, the same as on current representations of the topography.
When looking at an older map of Mt. Rainier, it is likely that the peak summit elevation would be the same. This is because the topography of a mountain does not typically change significantly over a short period of time.
While erosion and other natural processes can cause minor changes to the landscape, the overall elevation of the mountain is not expected to vary drastically. Therefore, the peak summit elevation marked on an older map should still be around 14,410 ft, the same as on current representations of the topography.
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Alvin buys a new suit with his credit card. When he buys he suit, Alvin intends to pay his credit card bill in full at the end of the month when he receives the bill. A week later, Alvin loses his job. As a result of losing his job. Alvin is not able to pay his credit card bill that he receives two weeks after losing his job. Which of the following is true? Under the facts presented, Alvin's failure to pay his credit card bill after he used his credit card to buy a new suit ОА. constitutes the crime of obtaining goods by false pretenses. Under the facts presented, Alvin's failure to pay his credit card bill after he used his credit card to buy a new suit B. constitutes a criminal fraud. Under the facts presented, Alvin's failure to pay his credit card after he used his credit card to buy a new suit is OC. not a crime. O D. Both A and B above. QUESTION 56 1. Which of the following may be patented? O A. Machines B. Abstract ideas O C. Laws of nature. O D. All of the above. Click Save and Submit to save and submit. Click Save All Answers to save all answers. Save All Ans
Under the facts presented, Alvin's failure to pay his credit card bill after he used his credit card to buy a new suit is not a crime. The situation described does not involve obtaining goods by false pretenses or criminal fraud.
It is a matter of defaulting on a debt or failing to fulfill a financial obligation, which is generally a civil matter rather than a criminal one.Regarding the second question, "Which of the following may be patented?" the answer is D. All of the above. Machines, abstract ideas, and laws of nature may potentially be patented, depending on specific criteria and requirements set by patent laws and regulations.
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The leadership style of Elon Musk ( founder of a tesla) Vs the style of the leader's successor/predecessor or competitor.
Elon Musk's leadership style at Tesla is characterized by a visionary and hands-on approach, focusing on innovation and disruptive ideas.
In comparison, his successor/predecessor or competitor may adopt a more traditional leadership style, emphasizing stability, process-oriented management, and gradual improvements.
Elon Musk's leadership style is known for his bold vision, risk-taking, and direct involvement in various aspects of Tesla's operations. He is highly involved in decision-making, promotes a culture of innovation, and pushes for ambitious goals.
On the other hand, his successor/predecessor or competitor may adopt a more traditional leadership style, prioritizing stability, consistent performance, and incremental improvements rather than radical innovation. Both styles have their merits and drawbacks, and their effectiveness depends on the specific context and goals of the organization.
The comparison of Elon Musk's leadership style with that of his successor/predecessor or competitor highlights the contrast between a visionary and a hands-on approach versus a more conventional and process-oriented management style.
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. If you work for a health care organization, assess its approach to health equity following the framework. You can chose a local healthcare organization to research and assess instead. with basics of the organization you chose (location, business type, level of care, population served...) in a very short paragraph. -Offer us the assessment conclusions you arrived to and provide your reasoning for one that you found the most positive or the most negative. -Offer examples supporting your conclusions or other evidence if available. -Offer one strategy to negate the bias (make sure to define what that bias is for your organization) in building community connections. -Explain why you think your strategy would work for the area/population and that organization.
In the absence of specific information about a local healthcare organization, I cannot provide assessment conclusions. It would require detailed knowledge of the organization's approach to health equity, including their policies, practices, and community engagement efforts.
Strategy to Mitigate Bias in Building Community Connections:
One strategy to mitigate bias in building community connections is to implement a community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach. CBPR involves actively engaging community members as equal partners in the research and decision-making processes. This approach can help counter bias by ensuring that the voices and perspectives of the community are heard and valued.
To apply this strategy, the healthcare organization can establish partnerships with community organizations, leaders, and residents to collaboratively identify health needs and priorities. They can involve community members in planning, implementing, and evaluating programs and initiatives. By actively involving the community, the organization can build trust, promote inclusivity, and ensure that the health services and programs meet the specific needs of the population served.
The CBPR approach would work effectively in promoting health equity in the area/population and the organization because it recognizes and addresses the power imbalances that can perpetuate bias. By actively involving the community in decision-making processes, the organization can gain insights into the community's unique needs and challenges. This approach also fosters mutual trust and collaboration, leading to more targeted and effective interventions that promote equitable health outcomes.
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Prince Zuko is a tea drinker. At the local tea shop, the price of a cup of tea is \$3. Zuko's total benefits from drinking tea are provided in Table 1. What is Zuko's marginal benefit of consuming each cup of tea? How many cups should he consume each day? Table 1: Marginal Benefits Question
Marginal benefit of consuming each cup of tea: Marginal benefit is the benefit that is generated by consuming one more unit of a good or service. For Prince Zuko, the marginal benefit of consuming each cup of tea is the amount of benefit he gets from consuming each additional cup of tea over his last cup.
From the data in Table 1, the marginal benefit of each cup of tea for Prince Zuko is provided as $10.
Hence, Prince Zuko's marginal benefit of consuming each cup of tea is $10. Number of cups he should consume each day: Prince Zuko should consume as many cups of tea as he can until the marginal benefit of consuming another cup equals the marginal cost of the cup.
As per the given data, the price of a cup of tea at the local tea shop is $3. The marginal cost of consuming one more cup of tea is the price of that cup. Therefore, Prince Zuko should consume tea until the marginal benefit equals the price, which is $3. So, Prince Zuko should consume 1 cup of tea each day, as the marginal benefit of consuming each additional cup is less than the price of a cup of tea. Hence, Prince Zuko should consume 1 cup of tea each day.
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Here is some information about Stokenchurch Inc.:
Beta of common stock = 1.7
Treasury bill rate = 4%
Market risk premium = 7.0% Yield to maturity on long-term debt = 7%
Book value of equity = $390 million
Market value of equity = $780 million
Long-term debt outstanding = $780 million Corporate tax rate = 21%
What is the company's WACC? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter your answer as percent rounded to 2 decimal places.)
WACC__________%
The company's Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) is _______%.
WACC is the weighted average of the cost of equity and the after-tax cost of debt, taking into account the proportion of each in the company's capital structure.
Calculate the cost of equity:
The cost of equity can be calculated using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM):
Cost of equity = Risk-free rate + Beta * Market risk premium
Given:
Beta of common stock = 1.7
Treasury bill rate = 4%
Market risk premium = 7%
Cost of equity = 4% + 1.7 * 7% = 4% + 11.9% = 15.9%
Calculate the after-tax cost of debt:
The after-tax cost of debt takes into account the corporate tax rate. It can be calculated using the formula:
After-tax cost of debt = Yield to maturity * (1 - Tax rate)
Given:
Yield to maturity on long-term debt = 7%
Corporate tax rate = 21%
After-tax cost of debt = 7% * (1 - 21%) = 7% * 0.79 = 5.53%
Determine the weights of equity and debt:
The weights represent the proportion of equity and debt in the company's capital structure.
Given:
Book value of equity = $390 million
Market value of equity = $780 million
Long-term debt outstanding = $780 million
The weight of equity = Market value of equity / (Market value of equity + Long-term debt outstanding)
= $780 million / ($780 million + $780 million)
= $780 million / $1.56 billion
= 0.5 or 50%
The weight of debt = Long-term debt outstanding / (Market value of equity + Long-term debt outstanding)
= $780 million / ($780 million + $780 million)
= $780 million / $1.56 billion
= 0.5 or 50%
Calculate WACC:
WACC = (Weight of equity * Cost of equity) + (Weight of debt * After-tax cost of debt)
= (0.5 * 15.9%) + (0.5 * 5.53%)
= 7.95% + 2.765%
= 10.715%
The company's Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) is 10.715%.
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Company had beginning inventory on May 1 of $12.000. During the month, the company made purchases of $38,000 but returned $2.000 of goods because they were defective. At the end of the month, the inventory on hand was valued at $16.500. Calculate cost of goods available for sale and cost of goods sold for the month
The cost of goods available for sale for the month was $48,000 and the cost of goods sold was $31,500.
To calculate the cost of goods available for sale, we need to add the beginning inventory ($12,000) to the net purchases. Net purchases is calculated by subtracting the returns ($2,000) from the total purchases ($38,000):
Net purchases = Total purchases - Returns
Net purchases = $38,000 - $2,000
Net purchases = $36,000
Cost of goods available for sale = Beginning inventory + Net purchases
Cost of goods available for sale = $12,000 + $36,000
Cost of goods available for sale = $48,000
To calculate the cost of goods sold, we need to subtract the ending inventory from the cost of goods available for sale:
Cost of goods sold = Cost of goods available for sale - Ending inventory
Cost of goods sold = $48,000 - $16,500
Cost of goods sold = $31,500
Therefore, the cost of goods available for sale for the month was $48,000 and the cost of goods sold was $31,500.
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Differentiate logistics and supply chain. What are the similarities between the two concepts? Be specific. In what ways are they different? Be specific. Provide examples in your discussion. Lastly, include justification and support for your points.
Logistics refers to the flow of goods and services. Supply chain encompasses broader activities like sourcing, production planning, inventory management, transportation. Both aim to deliver products efficiently but supply chain is more comprehensive. Example: logistics is transporting goods from warehouse to retail store, while supply chain involves collaboration with suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, and retailers.
Logistics and supply chain are two interconnected concepts that are often used interchangeably, but they have distinct differences. Logistics is the process of planning, implementing, and controlling the efficient and effective flow of goods and services from the point of origin to the point of consumption. In contrast, supply chain refers to a network of interconnected entities that are involved in the sourcing, production, and delivery of goods and services to customers. The supply chain includes suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, retailers, and ultimately, end-users.
The similarities between logistics and supply chain include:
Both are concerned with the movement and management of goods and services.
Both aim to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the flow of goods and services.
Both involve coordination and collaboration among different entities.
However, there are also important differences between the two concepts:
Logistics is primarily concerned with the physical movement and storage of goods, while supply chain is focused on the entire process from sourcing to delivery.
Logistics is a subset of supply chain management, which covers a broader range of activities such as strategic sourcing, supplier relationship management, and demand forecasting.
Logistics is more operational in nature, while supply chain is more strategic and encompasses all activities related to the creation and delivery of products and services.
For example, a company manufacturing cars will have a logistics department responsible for managing the transportation of car parts from suppliers to the assembly plant, and then delivering finished cars to dealerships. Meanwhile, the company's supply chain department would be responsible for coordinating with suppliers to ensure a steady stream of high-quality parts, managing inventory levels to prevent stockouts, and working with dealerships to understand customer demand.
In summary, while logistics and supply chain are related concepts, they have distinct differences in terms of scope and focus. Logistics is primarily concerned with the physical movement of goods, while supply chain encompasses a broader range of activities aimed at improving the overall efficiency and effectiveness of the flow of goods and services.
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"A survey entitled ‘Malay, Indian jobseekers likely to face discrimination’ reported at Malay Mail in 2019 shows that there is widespread racial discrimination at workplace". Explain with examples, ANY TWO (2) reasons for growing racial discrimination at workplace and ANY TWO (2) effective methods in reducing this phenomenon at workplace. (
Racial discrimination at the workplace is a concerning issue, as highlighted by the survey conducted by Malay Mail in 2019.
There are two primary reasons for the growing prevalence of such discrimination. First, biases and stereotypes deeply rooted in society can influence the hiring process and workplace interactions. Preconceived notions about certain racial or ethnic groups may lead to unfair treatment, unequal opportunities, and limited career progression for individuals belonging to those groups.
Second, lack of diversity and inclusion initiatives within organizations can contribute to an environment that perpetuates discrimination. When there is a lack of representation and recognition of different racial backgrounds, it can foster a culture of exclusion and marginalization.
To reduce racial discrimination at the workplace, organizations can adopt two effective methods. Firstly, implementing comprehensive diversity and inclusion training programs can help raise awareness about unconscious biases and promote understanding and respect for different racial backgrounds.
These programs can encourage open dialogue, educate employees about the importance of diversity, and provide strategies for mitigating discrimination. Secondly, establishing robust policies and practices that promote equal opportunities and fair treatment for all employees is crucial. Organizations should ensure transparent recruitment and promotion processes, create inclusive policies that address discrimination complaints, and regularly monitor and evaluate progress towards diversity and inclusion goals.
By addressing biases, fostering inclusivity, and promoting equitable practices, organizations can make significant strides in reducing racial discrimination and creating a more welcoming and fair workplace environment for all employees.
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How does paying a bank loan with a personal cheque affect the accounting equation? a. Decrease in owner's equity; decrease in liabilities
b. Increase in owner's equity; increase in liabilities c. Decrease in owner's equity; increase in liabilities d. Increase in owner's equity; decrease in liabilities
When paying a bank loan with a personal cheque, the accounting equation will be affected as follows: c. Decrease in owner's equity; increase in liabilities.
Personal cheques are used to withdraw money from a personal account to make payments. When a borrower writes a personal cheque to pay off a loan, the bank account's cash balance decreases, resulting in a decrease in the owner's equity. Since bank loans are liabilities to the borrower, paying off a bank loan using a personal cheque would result in a decrease in liabilities for the borrower.
In this scenario, there is a decrease in owner's equity because the cash balance is reduced, and an increase in liabilities because the loan balance is reduced. Therefore, the accounting equation is affected by a decrease in owner's equity and an increase in liabilities.
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Fill in the blank:
1) In a given amount of time John can produce either 30 pounds of vegetables or 10 pounds of chicken. In the same amount of time George can produce either 25 pounds of vegetables or 5 pounds of chicken. In this simple economy if John and George decide to specialize and exchange with each other then we can expect one pound of chicken to trade for at least __?__ pounds of vegetables but not more than __?__ pounds of vegetables. Enter numerical values in each blank, rounded to two decimal places as necessary.
2) In one hour John can produce either 3 units of good X or 6 units of good Y. He works an 8 hour day. If he wants to produce 12 units of good Y then how many units of good X can he produce? Enter a whole number. Round to the nearest whole number as necessary. __________
3) In one day Sam can produce 40 salads or 32 sandwiches. What is the opportunity cost of producing 1 sandwich? Enter a number rounded to two decimal places as necessary. ________
Answer:
In a given amount of time, one pound of chicken can trade for at least 3 pounds of vegetables but not more than 10 pounds of vegetables.
Explanation:
In this simple economy, the exchange ratio between chicken and vegetables reflects the relative productivity of John and George in producing each item. John's productivity allows him to produce 30 pounds of vegetables or 10 pounds of chicken. This means that the opportunity cost of producing one pound of chicken for John is three pounds of vegetables.
On the other hand, George can produce 25 pounds of vegetables or 5 pounds of chicken. For George, the opportunity cost of producing one pound of chicken is five pounds of vegetables. Therefore, in their exchange, one pound of chicken would trade for at least three pounds of vegetables but not more than ten pounds of vegetables. This range is determined by the differing productivity levels of John and George.
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1. In the given scenario, the exchange rate between chicken and vegetables can be determined by comparing the production rates of John and George. John produces 10 pounds of chicken or 30 pounds of vegetables, while George produces 5 pounds of chicken or 25 pounds of vegetables. Thus, one pound of chicken can be expected to trade for at least 3 pounds of vegetables (30 divided by 10) and not more than 5 pounds of vegetables (25 divided by 5).
2. John can produce 6 units of good Y in one hour, and he works for 8 hours a day. Therefore, he can produce a total of 6 multiplied by 8 equals 48 units of good Y in a day. If he wants to produce 12 units of good Y, then he will have 48 minus 12 equals 36 units of good Y left to produce. Since he can produce either 3 units of good X or 6 units of good Y in one hour, he can produce 36 divided by 3 equals 12 units of good X.
3. Sam can produce 40 salads or 32 sandwiches in one day. The opportunity cost of producing 1 sandwich can be calculated by comparing the two options. To produce 1 sandwich, Sam has to give up the production of a certain number of salads. Therefore, the opportunity cost of producing 1 sandwich is equal to the number of salads Sam has to forgo. In this case, the opportunity cost is 40 divided by 32, which equals 1.25. Thus, the opportunity cost of producing 1 sandwich is 1.25 salads.
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List all acquisitions of Walt Disney. For each of them, name the
company Walt Disney bought and the reasons for the acquisition from
the perspective of Walt Disney. Justify your response
Walt Disney has made several acquisitions over the years. The company has made acquisitions of companies such as ABC, Pixar, Marvel, Lucasfilm, and Fox, among others. Each acquisition has had its own unique reasons and benefits to Walt Disney.
Pixar (2006)
In 2006, Walt Disney acquired Pixar for $7.4 billion. Pixar was an animation company that had produced several blockbuster animated films such as Toy Story, Finding Nemo, and The Incredibles. The primary reason behind this acquisition was to help Disney strengthen its position in the animation industry. Pixar's creative talents helped Disney expand its content offerings and boost its profits.
Marvel (2009)
Walt Disney acquired Marvel in 2009 for $4 billion. Marvel was a comic book company that had produced several iconic superheroes such as Spider-Man, Iron Man, and The Incredible Hulk. The primary reason behind this acquisition was to help Disney expand its content offerings to the superhero genre. Additionally, the acquisition helped Disney expand its merchandise offerings and boost its profits.
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Again, suppose you work for AMC Cinemas (a national chain of movie theaters). You try to forecast future revenue from movie ticket sales based on the number of competing theaters within 15 miles, the ticket price at the nearest competitor, advertising expenditures, the local unemployment rate, and average outdoor temperature. Answer the following questions
(a) A 5% significance level determines the threshold for rejecting the null hypothesis in hypothesis testing. Results with a p-value below 5% are considered statistically significant.
(b) A regression model for popcorn sales would likely have a lower R-square value compared to the model for movie ticket sales due to factors specific to popcorn sales having a weaker relationship with the independent variables.
(a) A 5% significance level means that in a quantitative study, hypothesis tests are conducted with a threshold of 5% for rejecting the null hypothesis. If the calculated p-value is less than 5%, the results are considered statistically significant, indicating strong evidence against the null hypothesis.
(b) A regression model for popcorn sales would likely have a lower R-square value compared to the regression model for movie ticket sales. The independent variables used to predict movie ticket sales (number of competing theaters, ticket price at the nearest competitor, advertising expenditures, local unemployment rate, and average outdoor temperature) are more directly related to ticket sales and can explain a significant portion of the variation. However, factors specific to popcorn sales, such as customer preferences and concession pricing, may have a weaker relationship with the independent variables, resulting in a lower R-square value.
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Complete question: suppose you work for AMC Cinemas (a national chain of movie theaters). You try to forecast future revenue from movie ticket sales based on the number of competing theaters within 15 miles, the ticket price at the nearest competitor, advertising expenditures, the local unemployment rate, and average outdoor temperature. Answer the following questions.
(a) Suppose your quantitative study uses a 5% significance level in all hypothesis tests. In words, explain what a 5% significance level means.
(b) Suppose that, instead of movie ticket sales, you use the same independent variables to predict popcorn sales at theaters. Would you expect a regression model for popcorn sales to have a higher, lower, or similar R-square value in comparison to the regression model for movie ticket sales? Explain the reasoning behind your expectation.
The information below represents values for the various market participants. C=$100+0.8Yd
Ig =$50
G=$60
X=$120
M=$190
a) Assuming that the full-employment level of output is $1000 : i. what kind of gap exists? ii. What is the size of the gap? b) How much are consumers saving at full employment? c) What is the equilibrium value for a public open economy? d) What is the equilibrium for a private open economy? e) What is the value of our multiplier?
a) i) Assuming that the full-employment level of output is $1000, there is a recessionary gap of $60.
ii) Size of the Gap = $60
b) Consumers are saving $60 at full employment
c) The equilibrium value of a public open economy is $250.
d) The equilibrium for a private open economy is not defined as it is not possible.
e) The value of our multiplier is 5.
a) When Yd = $1000,
C = $100 + 0.8($1000)
C = $900
Real GDP, Y = C + I + G + (X-M)
Where I = $50, G = $60, X = $120, M = $190
Y = $900 + 50 + 60 + (120-190)
Y = $940
There is a recessionary gap of $60.
Size of the Gap = Full Employment Level of output - Current output
Size of the Gap = $1000 - $940
Size of the Gap = $60
b) At full employment, C = $100 + 0.8($1000)
C = $900
Y = C + I + G + (X-M)
Where Y = $1000, I = $50, G = $60, X = $120, M = $190
$1000 = $900 + S + 50 + 60 + (120-190)
S = $60
Consumers are saving $60 at full employment
c) In a public open economy, the equilibrium output is determined by the level of income that equates the savings and investment. Thus, we can obtain the equilibrium output by equating savings with investment, i.e.
S = I
Where S = Y - C - G
Y - C - G = I
GDP = I / (1 - MPC)
where MPC is the marginal propensity to consume= 0.8 / 1 = 0.8
GDP = 50 / (1 - 0.8)
GDP = 50 / 0.2
GDP = $250
The equilibrium value of a public open economy is $250.
d) In a private open economy, investment demand comes from both domestic and foreign sources. Thus, the equilibrium output is determined by the level of income that equates domestic savings, domestic investment, and net foreign investment (NX), i.e. Sd = Id + NX
Where Sd = Y - C - G + NX, Sd is domestic savings, Id is domestic investment, and NX is net exports.
NX = X - M = $120 - $190 = -$70
Sd = Y - C - G + NX
Y - C - G + NX = I
Private Saving = Y - C - G = $1000 - $900 - $60 = $40
Therefore, Sd = $40, Id = $50, and NX = -$70
Equating Sd and Id + NX, we have:
$40 = $50 - $70
$40 = -$20
The equilibrium for a private open economy is not defined as it is not possible.
e) Multiplier is the amount by which an increase in autonomous spending is multiplied to determine the increase in equilibrium spending.
Multiplier = 1 / (1 - MPC) = 1 / (1 - 0.8) = 1 / 0.2 = 5
Therefore, the value of our multiplier is 5.
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Refer to the attached Final Exam,Table 1. If Denmark and Italy trade based on the principle of comparative advantage, which country will export or import each product? Einal Exam Table1.pdf 10 KB A Denmark will import bread, and Italy will import cheese OB. Denmark will import bread, and Italy will import bread OC. Denmark will import cheese, and Italy will import bread D. Denmark will import cheese, and Italy will import cheese Reset Selection M Table 3-6 Denmark Italy Labour hours needed to make 1 unit: Cheese Bread 30 120 40 160 Amount produced in 40 hours: Cheese Bread 54 18 60 15
Based on the principle of comparative advantage and the provided data from Table 3-6, Denmark will export both cheese and bread, while Italy will import both cheese and bread.
According to the principle of comparative advantage, countries specialize in and export goods that they can produce at a lower opportunity cost. In this case, Denmark has a lower labor hours requirement to produce both cheese (30 labor hours) and bread (120 labor hours) compared to Italy.
Italy, on the other hand, has a higher labor hours requirement for both products (40 labor hours for cheese and 160 labor hours for bread).
Denmark's comparative advantage in cheese production means it can produce cheese more efficiently than Italy. Similarly, Denmark's comparative advantage in bread production indicates it can produce bread more efficiently than Italy.
Therefore, Denmark will export both cheese and bread to take advantage of its lower production costs. Italy, with its higher labor hours requirement, will import both cheese and bread from Denmark to benefit from Denmark's comparative advantage and access more cost-effective products.
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Capitalising a repair and maintenance expense as an asset, when it should have been expensed: （multiple choice）
will result in an overstatement of total assets.
will understate net profit for the current period.
will not affect net assets.
will decrease the depreciation expense in future reporting periods.
capitalizing the expense will result in a decrease in the depreciation expense in future reporting periods. This is because the capitalized amount will be allocated over a longer period of time through depreciation, reducing the annual depreciation expense.
When a repair and maintenance expense is capitalized as an asset, it means that the cost is recorded on the balance sheet as an increase in the value of assets rather than being expensed immediately. By capitalizing the expense, the total assets on the balance sheet will be overstated because the repair and maintenance cost should have been deducted as an expense.
Since net profit is calculated by subtracting expenses from revenues, capitalizing the repair and maintenance expense does not directly affect net profit for the current period. The expense is still recognized but over a longer period of time through depreciation.
The capitalization of the repair and maintenance expense does not directly affect net assets since it only affects the allocation of expenses between current and future periods.
However, capitalizing the expense will result in a decrease in the depreciation expense in future reporting periods. This is because the capitalized amount will be allocated over a longer period of time through depreciation, reducing the annual depreciation expense.
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Capitalizing the expense will result in a decrease in the depreciation expense in future reporting periods. This is because the capitalized amount will be allocated over a longer period of time through depreciation, reducing the annual depreciation expense.
When a repair and maintenance expense is capitalized as an asset, it means that the cost is recorded on the balance sheet as an increase in the value of assets rather than being expensed immediately. By capitalizing the expense, the total assets on the balance sheet will be overstated because the repair and maintenance cost should have been deducted as an expense.
Since net profit is calculated by subtracting expenses from revenues, capitalizing the repair and maintenance expense does not directly affect net profit for the current period. The expense is still recognized but over a longer period of time through depreciation.
The capitalization of the repair and maintenance expense does not directly affect net assets since it only affects the allocation of expenses between current and future periods.
However, capitalizing the expense will result in a decrease in the depreciation expense in future reporting periods. This is because the capitalized amount will be allocated over a longer period of time through depreciation, reducing the annual depreciation expense.
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Find and discuss a recent (within the past year) event that involved performance appraisals in the workplace. The recent event must be from the newspaper story or Journal. You’ll identify the main topic of the news item you have selected and provide a description of the event. Please do not rewrite the article but summarize the main points
One of the most recent events that involved performance appraisals in the workplace was the decision of Goldman Sachs to eliminate its formal annual review process in 2021.
The main topic of this news item is how this change will affect the company's workforce and whether other firms will follow suit. Goldman Sachs announced in early 2021 that it would be ending its traditional annual review process, which involved a formal performance rating system and a forced ranking of employees. The company stated that the new system would be more frequent and flexible, focusing on giving feedback and fostering a culture of continuous improvement instead of assigning ratings and promoting competition among employees.
In a highly competitive job market, the move was seen as an attempt to modernize the company's approach to performance management and to attract and retain top talent. Employees and experts in the field had mixed reactions to the decision. Some hailed it as a step toward creating a more supportive and collaborative work environment, while others criticized it as a way for the business to avoid having difficult conversations about employee performance and accountability. In general, the event brings to light the ongoing debate regarding the efficacy and fairness of traditional performance evaluation systems, as well as the requirement for businesses to adjust to shifting expectations and work styles of employees.
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asonia company will pay a dividend of $5.20, $9.30, $12.15, and $13.90 per share for each of the next four years, respectively. the company will then close its doors. if investors require a return of 9.6 percent on the company's stock, what is the stock price? group of answer choices
The stock price of the company is $29.99.
Given,Dividend for first year = $5.20 Dividend for second year = $9.30 Dividend for third year = $12.15 Dividend for fourth year = $13.90 Investors required return (discount rate) = 9.6%Let us now calculate the present value of each dividend. Present value (PV) of first year dividend = D1 / (1+r)^1 = $5.20 / (1+0.096)^1 = $4.75
Present value (PV) of second year dividend = D2 / (1+r)^2 = $9.30 / (1+0.096)^2 = $7.39 Present value (PV) of third year dividend = D3 / (1+r)^3 = $12.15 / (1+0.096)^3 = $8.62 Present value (PV) of fourth year dividend = D4 / (1+r)^4 = $13.90 / (1+0.096)^4 = $9.23Now, let us calculate the present value of all four dividends.Present Value of Stock = PV of D1 + PV of D2 + PV of D3 + PV of D4= $4.75 + $7.39 + $8.62 + $9.23= $29.99 Therefore, the stock price of the company is $29.99.
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In 2020, nearly 11 million people were treated in emergency departments for injuries
resulting from consumer products. Most of the injuries involve everyday products
often assumed to be safe. Many of these injuries occur to our most vulnerable
populations, older adults and young children. Common products such as televisions,
household cleaning products, and even beds can pose risks.
Explain the theories on the ethical duties of manufacturers towards the consumers and
in your opinion which theory best protect the consumers? Support your answer with
examples.
There are several ethical theories that provide guidance on the duties of manufacturers towards consumers.
Three commonly discussed theories in this context are:
Utilitarianism: Utilitarianism suggests that manufacturers have an ethical duty to produce products that maximize overall well-being or utility for the consumers. According to this theory, manufacturers should aim to minimize harm and maximize benefits. They should prioritize the greatest good for the greatest number of people.
For example, a manufacturer of children's toys should ensure that their products are safe and do not pose any hazards that could harm children.
Rights-based ethics: This theory focuses on respecting and protecting the rights of individuals. Manufacturers have an ethical duty to uphold the rights of consumers, such as the right to safety, information, and privacy. They should not produce or market products that infringe upon these rights.
For instance, a manufacturer of electronic devices should prioritize protecting consumer data and ensuring the security of their products.
Virtue ethics: Virtue ethics emphasizes the character and moral virtues of individuals and organizations. Manufacturers have an ethical duty to cultivate virtues such as honesty, integrity, and responsibility. They should act in ways that promote trust, transparency, and accountability.
For example, a manufacturer of food products should provide accurate and truthful information about ingredients, allergens, and nutritional content.
In my opinion, the theory that best protects consumers is a combination of rights-based ethics and utilitarianism. While utilitarianism focuses on overall well-being, it should not neglect the rights of individuals.
Manufacturers should strive to create products that maximize utility while respecting consumers' rights to safety and information. By considering both the consequences of their actions and the rights of consumers, manufacturers can ensure that their products are beneficial and do not harm vulnerable populations.
For instance, consider a car manufacturer that implements advanced safety features in their vehicles. This not only maximizes overall well-being by reducing the risk of accidents and injuries but also respects consumers' rights to safety. The manufacturer provides a product that aligns with both utilitarian principles and rights-based ethics.
In conclusion, a combination of utilitarianism and rights-based ethics, with a focus on maximizing well-being while respecting consumer rights, provides a strong foundation for manufacturers' ethical duties towards consumers.
By adopting this approach, manufacturers can prioritize safety, transparency, and accountability, ultimately benefiting consumers and society as a whole.
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Top managers at Deere & Company announced strategic plans to become more focused on using technology in agriculture. Top executives have begun restructuring the business and investing heavily in technology.
Which type of manager is responsible for implementing the strategies, policies, and decisions of the top managers at Deere & Co.
a. First-line manager
b. Financial managers
c. Middle manager
d. Office manager
e. Supervisory manager
The type of manager responsible for implementing the strategies, policies, and decisions of the top managers at Deere & Co. is middle manager, option C.
Middle managers are responsible for carrying out the goals set by top management. They implement the strategies and policies of the upper levels of management by setting objectives and developing action plans.
Middle managers are responsible for assigning resources, organizing teams, coordinating work processes, and making decisions that support the organization's goals, as well as monitoring employees' progress and providing feedback to them.
Middle managers are responsible for the effective management of the organization's resources. They are a vital link between top managers and employees because they are the ones who put top managers' plans into action.
They're in charge of overseeing departments and teams to ensure that everything runs smoothly and that the organization's objectives are met.
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Regarding the frustration of purpose doctrine, which of the following statements is true? a. the purpose for which buyer entered into the contract has become illegal b. the purpose for which seller entered into the contract has become illegal c. the contract no longer facilitates deferred exchange d. the purpose of the contract has become illegal
Regarding the frustration of purpose doctrine, which of the following statements is true?
a.
the purpose for which buyer entered into the contract has become illegal
b.
the purpose for which seller entered into the contract has become illegal
c.
the contract no longer facilitates deferred exchange
d.
the purpose of the contract has become illegal
The following statement is true regarding the frustration of purpose doctrine: the purpose of the contract has become illegal.
Frustration of purpose doctrine is an excuse in contract law that releases both parties from performing a contract if, because of unforeseen circumstances, the contract's purpose has been rendered useless.
The "frustration" must be caused by an event that occurs after the contract's signing and is outside of both parties' control.
When the purpose of the contract is extinguished or becomes impracticable due to an unforeseen occurrence, the frustration of purpose doctrine is triggered.
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Cullumber Corp. management plans to issue seven-year zero coupon bonds. It has learned that these bonds will sell today at a price of $445.06. What is the yield to maturity on these bonds? (Round answer to 3 decimal places, e.g. 15.251%.) Yield to maturity %
The yield to maturity (YTM) is approximately 9.0% for the seven-year zero coupon bonds issued by Cullumber Corp, which are currently selling at a price of $445.06.
To calculate the yield to maturity (YTM) of the zero coupon bond, we need to use the present value formula and solve for the yield rate.
The formula to calculate the yield to maturity is:
Bond Price = Face Value / (1 + YTM)ⁿ
Where:
Bond Price = $445.06 (given)
Face Value = Future value of the bond at maturity (assumed to be $1,000)
YTM = Yield to maturity (to be calculated)
n = Number of years to maturity (7 years in this case)
Plugging in the given values, we can rearrange the formula to solve for YTM:
[tex]YTM = (Face Value / Bond Price)^{1/7} - 1[/tex]
[tex]YTM = (1000 / 445.06)^{1/7} - 1[/tex]
Calculating this expression will give us the yield to maturity:
YTM ≈ [tex](2.247)^{1/7}[/tex] - 1 ≈ 0.090 - 1 ≈ 0.090
So, the yield to maturity on these bonds is approximately 9.0%.
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