The IR spectrum of a solid can be taken by dissolving it to create a solution. An appropriate solvent is?

It should be noticed that the mole fraction of all the system's components is 1.

the proportion between the moles of one component in a solution or other combination and the total moles of all the components.

In a mixture, a mole fraction is the ratio of molecules of one component. By way of illustration, if the mole fraction of methane in a gas is 0.90, then this implies that 90% of the molecules are methane. Since the amount fractions resemble mole fractions, methane makes up an additional 90% of the mixture.

By dividing the solute's moles by all the other molecules in solution, you may determine the solute's mole fraction.

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In state n = 1, the energy of the hydrogen atom is -13. 58 ev, then the energy in state n = 2 is -3.40eV.

For an electron located in an inner orbit to jump an upper orbit, it needs an energy equal to the difference between the two quantized orbits. This energy comes from the absorption of a photon with the same energy required. The formula for the energy levels of a Hydrogen atom is:

En = E/(n×n)

where E is the energy of the ground state and n is the energy level or state. Then the energy in n= 1 is

En = -13. 58/ 4

En = -3. 40eV

Thus, we find the value of energy of hydrogen atom in n=2 is -3. 40eV.

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No, gamma radiation is only slightly deflected by magnets so it would still hit you if you were close to the magnets. That is option C.

Magnetic levitation which is also called magnetic suspension is defined as the phenomenon in which two magnetic objects are repelled from each other in a vertical direction.

Gamma radiation is defined as a type of electromagnetic wave with the highest energy and shortest wave length.

The gamma rays do not possess any charge and therefore are not affected by electric or magnetic fields.

Therefore, when gamma radiation is mistakenly emitted directly at you, passing through the magnets first, it will still hit you because the ray are only slightly deflected by magnets.

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The molarity of a solution in which 55. 49 g of calcium chloride is dissolved in enough water to make 500. ml of solution is 1M.

It is defined as number of moles of solute divided by volume of solution.

Given,

Mass of CaCl2 =55.49g

Molar mass of CaCl2 =40+35+35=110g

Mole= given mass/ molar mass

= 55.49/110=0.50mol.

Now, putting all values we get the molarity

Molarity =0.5×1000/500=1M

Thus, the molarity of given solution is 1M.

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The products created during nuclear fusion are Energy and Helium Gas

Overall, two positrons, two neutrinos (which convert two of the protons into neutrons), and energy are released along with the fusion of four protons into one alpha particle.

Nuclear fission is a nuclear reaction in which low energy neutrons are used to smash the nucleus of an atom into smaller nuclei. In this process, a large amount of energy is released. Nuclear fission reactions are employed in nuclear power reactors due to their simplicity and high energy output.

When two or more atoms come together to produce one heavier nucleus, the process is known as nuclear fusion. This process releases a tremendous quantity of energy, far more than the energy

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climate

Changes in the composition of the atmosphere have caused gradual changes in earth's climate throughout history, causing changes in plant and animal life that contributed to mass extinctions.

The following are some of the reasons:

heat

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The radius of a sodium atom is determined as 2.145 x 10⁻⁸ cm.

Body-centered cubic (BCC) is the name given to a type of atom arrangement found in nature.

A body-centered cubic unit cell structure consists of atoms arranged in a cube where each corner of the cube shares an atom and with one atom positioned at the center.

The volume of the sodium atom is calculated as follows;

V = ZM/Nρ

where;

V = (2 x 23) / (6.023 x 10²³ x 0.968)

V = 7.89 x 10⁻²³ cm³

a = (V)^¹/₃

a = (7.89 x 10⁻²³ cm³)^¹/₃

a = 4.29 x 10⁻⁸ cm

r = a/2

r = ( 4.29 x 10⁻⁸ cm) / 2

r = 2.145 x 10⁻⁸ cm

Thus, the radius of a sodium atom is determined as 2.145 x 10⁻⁸ cm.

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It take a larger partial pressure difference for oxygen to dissolve in plasma vs carbon dioxide because of its much higher solubility in plasma.

Partial pressure is defined as the pressure of anyone gas that arises in the container with more than one gas and each gas exert pressure. Partial pressure is calculated only for gases which is exist in the same volume.

Oxygen dissolve in plasma because oxygen exerts a certain amount of partial pressure. Plasma cannot carry much oxygen because of its solubility.

Thus from the above conclusion we can say that It take a larger partial pressure difference for oxygen to dissolve in plasma vs carbon dioxide because of its much higher solubility in plasma.

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Explanation:

(e)the heat is absorbed into the reaction .

Pt195 having 78 atomic number is the daughter nucleus produced when Au195 undergoes electron capture.

An unstable isotopes can undergoes radioactive decay to form a more stable isotopes . Initial isotopes is called parent nuclide and the resultant isotopes from radioactive decay is called the daughter nuclide There are several radioactive decay like alpha decay , beta decay  , gamma decay , electron capture etc .

In electron capture , the atom have only one less which is daughter isotopes than electron than atomic number of parent isotopes.

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Answer:

Red

Explanation:

Red color is evidenced when thymol blue indicator is in a solution having a pH of 11. A pH of 11 means that the solution is basic or alkaline. Therefore, the indicator turns red, indicating that the solution is alkaline.

When thymol blue indicator is in a acidic solution, the indicator remains blue.

The hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5‑bisphosphate (pip2) by phospholipase C generates inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate ( [tex]IP_{3}[/tex] ) and diacylglycerol (DAG) secondary messengers.

The small molecules and ions relay signals received by cell-surface receptors to effector protein is referred as second messenger.Examples of secondary messengers are cyclic AMP,cyclic GMP inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate ( [tex]IP_{3}[/tex] ) ,diacylglycerol (DAG) ,and calcium. [tex]IP_{3}[/tex] induces a transient increase in intracellular free [tex]Ca^{+2}[/tex] ,whereas DAG directly activates protein kinase C.

There are two distinct kinds of signaling pathways that use phosphatidylinositol. Phospholipase C breaks down phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate to create IP3, which serves as a crucial part of the Ca-signaling mechanism described earlier.

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When a 45-minute road trip a vehicle emitted 16.7 g of nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) from its exhaust then the mass of nitrogen atoms in this amount of NO₂ would be 5.082 grams.

The chemical compound is a combination of two or more either similar or dissimilar chemical elements.

for example, H₂O is a chemical compound made up of two oxygen atoms and a single hydrogen atom

The molecular mass of any compound is calculated by the sum of the mass of the individual atom

As given in the problem In a 45-minute road trip a vehicle emitted 16.7 g of nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) from its exhaust

The molecular mass of the NO₂ is the sum of the mass of the nitrogen atom and the oxygen atom.

The mass of the single nitrogen atom is 14, while the mass of the single oxygen atom is 16

the molecular mass of NO₂= mass of the N atom+2×(mass of O atom)

                                     = 14 + 2×16

                                     =46

As 46 grams of NO₂ contain 14 grams of Nitrogen

then 1 gram of NO₂ would  contain 14/46  grams of Nitrogen

then 16.7 grams of NO₂ would  contain (14/46×16.7)  grams of Nitrogen

The mass of a nitrogen atom in 16.7 grams of NO₂ would be 5.082 grams

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The mass of the solution is equal to 120 g. As the salt dissolves in water so it disappears when the solution is formed.

The salt dissolves in water at the molecular level, due to electrical charges. Due to this fact that both water and salt are polar, with positive and negative charges on opposite sides of their molecule. The bonds in salt are ionic and have an electrical charge.

Likewise, a water molecule is also ionic in nature, but the covalent bonds are present with two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom, which has a negative charge. The salt dissolves because the covalent bonds of water molecules are stronger than the ionic bonds present in the salt molecules.

The mass of the given salt is equal to 20 g while the mass of water is 100g. The total mass of the solution is equal to the sum of the mass of the solute and the mass of the solvent. Therefore, the mass of the solution will be equal to 120 grams whether the salt gets dissolved in water and get disappeared.

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The optimum pH of formic acid - formate buffer is 3.75

What is Buffer ?

A substance or a solution which resists any changes in pH, when acid or alkali is added to it.

pH = pKa + log[base] / [acid]

Considering equimolar concentration of acid and base

pH = 3.75 + log(x)/(x)

pH = 3.75 + log (1)

pH = 3.75 + 0

pH = 3.75

Hence,

The optimum pH of formic acid - formate buffer is 3.75

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The pH of a 0.50 M solution of base B is found to be 10.19. The Kb of the base is 4.8 × 10⁻⁸.

Let's consider the following basic reaction.

B(aq) + H2O(l) ⇄ BH(aq) + OH⁻(aq)

First, we will calculate the pOH of the solution using the following expression. (14-10.19)=3.81

antilog -3.81=1.55×10^-4/0.50=4.8×10^-8

The pH of a 0.50 M solution of base B is found to be 10.19. The Kb of the base is 4.8 × 10⁻⁸.

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The [tex]K_b[/tex] of the base b is 4.805 × 10⁻⁸.

The dissociation constant is a type of equilibrium constant that measures the degree of dissociation of a salt.

[tex]K_a[/tex] is the dissociation constant for the acid which describes the strength of an acid.

[tex]K_b[/tex] is the dissociation constant of the base which describes the strength of a base.

pOH = 14 - pH = 14 - 10.19 = 3.81

pOH = -log[OH⁻]

3.81 = -log[OH⁻]

Antilog (-3.81) = [OH⁻]

[OH⁻] = 1.55 × 10⁻⁴

Here,

[tex]K_b= \frac{[BH^+][OH^-]}{[B]}[/tex]

     = [tex]\frac{(1.55\times10^{-4})(1.55\times10^{-4})}{0.50}[/tex]

     = 4.805 × 10⁻⁸

The Kb of the base b is 4.805 × 10⁻⁸

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By generating a rate law is complicated when the rate-determining step is preceded by 'a' is a Equilibrium reaction.

The rate law shows about the rate of chemical reaction depends on reactant concentration.

According to rate law, the rate of reaction is directly proportional to the concentration of reaction which is raised to a stiochiometric coefficient which is determined experimentally.

Thus, from above we concluded that if the preceding reaction is an equilibrium, that compromises the simplicity of writing the rate law from the stiochiometry of the rate determining step will be used up in the reverse reaction of the equilibrium.

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Answer:

136 g Al₂O₃

Explanation:

Assuming you do not need to find the limiting reactant, to find the mass of Al₂O₃, you need to (1) convert grams O₂ to moles O₂ (via molar mass), then (2) convert moles O₂ to moles Al₂O₃ (via mole-to-mole ratio from equation coefficients), and then (3) convert moles Al₂O₃ to grams Al₂O₃ (via molar mass). It is important to arrange the conversions in a way that allows for the cancellation of units. The final answer should have 3 sig figs to match the sig figs of the given value (64.0 g).

Molar Mass (O₂): 32 g/mol

Molar Mass (Al₂O₃): 102 g/mol

4 Al + 3 O₂ -----> 2 Al₂O₃

64.0 g O₂           1 mole           2 moles Al₂O₃            102 g
-----------------  x  --------------  x  ------------------------  x   -------------  =  136 g Al₂O₃
                             32 g               3 moles O₂             1 mole

Answer:

Explanation:

Based of the fact that you were given 2 masses I would assume this to be a limiting reagent question. However amount on the left side both equal 2. Ignoring limiting reagents and focusing on just O2 the steps would be:

1. Make sure the equation is balanced ( already given)

2- Use given values to find the mols of O2 (mass/molar mass)

3. Mols are conserved but due to the coefficients the molar value from O2 must be divided by three and multiplied by 2 to ensure proper ratios

4. Using that amount the mass can derived using amount/molar mass

5. Use proper significant digits and units(3 in this case)

Solution is the term which best describes mixture A which was made by mixing different components together but has only one phase.

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0.6 mol / L is the molarity of a solution prepared by dissolving 36. 0 g of NaOH in enough water to make 1. 50 l of solution.

The amount of a substance in a specific volume of solution is known as its molarity (M). The number of moles of a solute per liter of a solution is known as molarity. The molar concentration of a solution is another term for molarity.

The ratio employed to indicate the solution's concentration is called its molarity. Understanding a solution's molarity is important since it allows you to determine the actual concentration as well as whether the solution is diluted or concentrated.

Amount of NaOH = 36. 0 g

Amount of water = 1. 50 L

1 mol of NaOH = 40 g,

Moles of NaOH = 36. 0 / 40 g = 0.9 mol NaOH

Molarity of a solution = moles of solute / Liters of solution

Molarity of a solution = 0.9 / 1.50

Molarity of a solution = 0.6 mol / L

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Answer:

0.453 moles

Explanation:

The Ideal Gas Law equation looks like this:

PV = nRT

In this formula,

-----> P = pressure (atm)

-----> V = volume (L)

-----> n = moles

-----> R = Ideal Gas Constant (0.08206 atm*L/mol*K)

-----> T = temperature (K)

To find the amount of moles of gas, you can plug the given values into the equation and then simplify.

P = 2.7 atm                                 R = 0.08206 atm*L/mol*K

V = 4.2 L                                     T = 305 K

n = ? moles

PV = nRT

(2.7 atm)(4.2 L) = n(0.08206 atm*L/mol*K)(305 K)

11.34 = n(25.0283)

0.453 = n

The molar absorptivity () of benzoic acid at 228 nm? assume that the path length is 1. 00 cm is = 11178 M-1. cm-1

We are given, absorbance spectrum and from that the absorbance of benzoic acid at 228 nm

Absorbance = 0.8

Now we need to calculate the molar absorptivity of benzoic acid at 228 nm

We know at the 228 nm the A = 0.8 and C = 8.74 mg/L.

We also given the l = 1 cm

Moles of benzoic acid = 0.00874 g / 122.12 g.mol-1

                                  = 7.16*10-5 moles

So, C of benzoic acid = 7.16*10-5 moles / L

We know the

ε = A/C*l

 = 0.80 / 7.16*10-5 M. 1 cm

 = 11178 M-1. cm-1

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Answer:

Isopropyl alcohol or  Propan-2-ol

Explanation:

Hope it  helps!

The volume occupied by 22. 0 g of helium gas at 26. 0 ° C and 1. 20 atm of pressure is 112.37 L .

Calculation ,

According to ideal gas equation ,

PV = nRT        ....(i)

where P is the pressure = 1. 20 atm

V is the volume of the helium gas = ?

R is the universal gas constant = 0.082 atm L /K mol

T is the temperature of the gas =  26. 0 ° C = 299 K

n is the number of moles

Number of miles (n)  = given mass/ molar mass =22 g/4 = 5.5 moles

By putting the value of pressure , volume , temperature and  universal gas constant  in equation ( i) we get

1. 20 atm ×V = 5.5 moles × 0.082×299

V = 5.5 moles × 0.082×299/1. 20 atm = 112.37 L

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The  Cm of the Microsand concentration in the tanks when expressed in grams of Microsand per liter (g/L) is known to be 3.8 g/L.

This is known to be a kind of  aggregate, that is said to be exempted from clay and shale and it is one that can rightly fine to pass via a No. 100 (that is 150 µm) sieve.

Note that from the question:

The Average of six samples = 30mg/L.

Then one need to Multiply:

30 by 300gpm x 1 Train x 1700 ( this is the use of the bulk density conversion factor).

Then one need to also Divide by (4000 gpm x 2000 mL) =  1.8 g/L.

Lastly you then multiply by 2,

1.8 g/L x 2  = 3.8 g/L.

Therefore, looking at the solution above, the Cm of the Microsand concentration in the tanks  is seen to be 3.8 g/L.

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The viscosity of a solution is quadrupled, the rms-average distance of a collection of diffusing molecules from their starting point would be [tex]\frac{1}{2}[/tex] over the same amount of time.

If the viscosity of a solution is quadrupled then the distance of collection of diffusing molecules would be half over the same amount of time. The viscosity of the molecules is dependent on density of the liquid. It is independent to the volume of the liquid.

Viscosity is measure of a fluid's resistance of flow.

The SI unit of viscosity is Poiseuille (PI) is other units ae newton second per square meter or pascal second. The dimensional formula of viscosity is [[tex]ML^{-1}T^{-1}[/tex]].

The viscosity of liquids decreases rapidly with an increase in temperature, and the viscosity of gases increases with an increase in temperature.

η = [tex]\frac{2ga^{2} (Δρ)}{9v}[/tex]

Where (Δρ) is the density difference between fluid and sphere tested, a is the radius of the sphere, g is the acceleration due to gravity and v is the velocity of the sphere.

Viscosity Types:

Viscosity is the measure of fluid's friction to it's flow. There are two ways to measure the fluid is viscosity is follows:

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Chemistry deals with elements and compounds. The properties of matter, changes to matter, and composition of matter are studied in chemistry. Thus, options a, b, and d are correct.

Chemistry is said to be a scientific field under natural sciences that studies the structure, properties, and composition of matter.  It includes atoms, elements, and compounds.

The chemistry includes topics like the properties of matter, including the volume, density, temperature, etc., changes to a matter involving condensation, freezing, vaporization, melting, etc.

The composition of matter including the sub-atomic levels is studied in chemistry. Whereas, the interactions between living things are studied in biology.

Therefore, options a, b, and d. the properties, changes, and composition are studied in chemistry.

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