The inventory holding cost per unit is:$0.66
The Johnson Company employs an absorption costing system based on standard costs. The variable manufacturing cost is made up of a $3.00 per unit direct material cost and $1.40 per unit of other variable manufacturing costs. The company's standard production rate is 10 units per machine hour. The entire budgeted and actual fixed manufacturing overhead costs for Johnson Company are $480,000.
Fixed manufacturing overhead is allocated at $8 per machine-hour based on fixed manufacturing costs of $480,000/60,000 machine hours. Johnson Company uses this as its denominator level. The selling price for each unit is $7.00. The variable operating (non-manufacturing) cost is $1.00 per unit, which is proportional to the number of units sold. Fixed operating (non-manufacturing) costs are $55,000. In 2022, the starting inventory was 40,000 units, and the ending inventory was 45,000 units.
Sales in 2022 amounted to 535,000 units. No price, spending, or efficiency variances exist. The same standard unit costs persisted throughout 2021 and 2022. Inventory holding costs are the costs that the company incurred to keep its inventory on hand. The total inventory holding cost is the total amount of inventory holding costs, including the beginning inventory holding cost and the ending inventory holding cost. If a company sells all of its goods, its ending inventory holding cost will be zero.
Therefore, the total inventory holding cost is calculated using the formula:
Total inventory holding cost = (Beginning inventory holding cost + Ending inventory holding cost) / 2Inventory holding cost per unit is calculated using the following formula:
Inventory holding cost per unit = Total inventory holding cost / Average inventory volume
Hence, the inventory holding cost per unit is: $0.66(Computed as $22,400 ÷ [40,000 + 45,000] ÷ 2 = $0.66)
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help me to answer this question
As an HR expert, identify TWO (2) techniques that will guarantee the "Fast Adapts" programme is brilliantly implemented for hourly workers and production supervisors that operate in the manufacturing facilities?
As an HR expert, two techniques that can guarantee the successful implementation of the "Fast Adapts" program for hourly workers and production supervisors in manufacturing facilities are:
Comprehensive Training: Provide comprehensive training programs that are tailored to the specific needs and challenges of the hourly workers and production supervisors. This training should focus on developing skills related to adaptability, such as problem-solving, critical thinking, communication, and flexibility. It should also include hands-on training and simulations to provide practical experience in dealing with fast-changing situations. Regular refresher training sessions can reinforce the learning and ensure that employees are continuously adapting to changing circumstances.
Clear Communication and Feedback Channels: Establish clear communication channels between management, supervisors, and hourly workers. Regularly communicate the goals and objectives of the "Fast Adapts" program, along with the importance of adaptability in the manufacturing environment. Encourage open and honest feedback from employees to identify challenges, concerns, and opportunities for improvement. Actively listen to employees' suggestions and address their concerns promptly. Additionally, provide ongoing feedback to employees on their adaptability performance and recognize and reward those who demonstrate exceptional adaptability skills. This will create a culture of continuous improvement and encourage employees to embrace the "Fast Adapts" program.
By implementing comprehensive training programs and establishing clear communication and feedback channels, the "Fast Adapts" program can be effectively implemented for hourly workers and production supervisors in manufacturing facilities. These techniques will empower employees with the necessary skills and knowledge to adapt to changes and ensure a successful transition to a more agile and resilient work environment.
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The managers of the Quince Products decide they will hire a management accountant to help them analyze the decision to expand their product line. they solicit bids from various accountants in the city and receive three proposals. In describing their qualidications for the job, the the three state the following:
Accountant A: "I have recently advised the symphony on how to raise money and therefore i knowthe local area well."
Accountant B: " I have advised several small firms on expansion plans."
Accountant C: " I have advised pear company [ Quince's maincompetitor] and can share its experiences and insights with you."
Your first post is to answer the question as to who should be hired by the accounting manager for Quince Products. Your post should include an explanation for your choice as well.
Based on the qualifications stated by each accountant, the accounting manager for Quince Products should hire Accountant C.
Accountant C's experience advising Quince's main competitor, Pear Company, provides valuable insights and knowledge about the industry and potential challenges in expanding the product line. This expertise can be crucial in making informed decisions and avoiding mistakes that Pear Company might have made. While Accountant A's experience with fundraising for the symphony and Accountant B's advice to small firms on expansion plans are relevant, they do not specifically address the competitive landscape and insights into Quince's main competitor. Therefore, Accountant C is the most suitable candidate for the job.
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Compute The Present Value Of The Following Investment, 13 Years, 9% Interest Rate And $16,832. Draw The Time Line When You Done. (10 Marks) B) Assume The Total Cost Of A University Education Will Be $185 000 When Your Child Enters University In 18 Years. You Presently Have $73 000 To Invest. What
) Compute the present value of the following investment, 13 years, 9% interest rate and $16,832. Draw the time line when you done. (10 marks)
B) Assume the total cost of a university education will be $185 000 when your child enters university in 18 years. You presently have $73 000 to invest. What annual rate of interest must you earn on your investment to cover the cost of your child’s university education? Draw the time line when you done.
a) The present value of investment having 13 years, 9% interest rate and $16,832 is $5,731.36. b) The annual rate of interest must you earn on your investment to cover the cost of your child’s university education is 9.44%.
a) Present value can be calculated by using the formula: PV = FV / (1 + i)ⁿ Where PV is the present value, FV is the future value, i is the interest rate, and n is the number of years. Here, PV = ?, FV = $16,832, i = 9%, and n = 13 years.
Substituting the values in the formula, PV = $16,832 / (1 + 0.09)¹³PV = $16,832 / 2.937482PV = $5731.36
Therefore, the present value of the investment is $5,731.36.
The timeline for the investment is as follows:
|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 ↑- Initial investment ($16,832) ↑- Future value of the investment.
b) We have to find out the interest rate required to cover the cost of the child's university education in 18 years.
To solve this, we can use the present value formula, which is as follows:
PV = FV / (1 + i)ⁿ
Here, PV = $73,000, FV = $185,000, i = ?, and n = 18 years
Substituting the values in the formula,
$73,000 = $185,000 / (1 + i)¹⁸(1 + i)¹⁸ = $185,000 / $73,000(1 + i)¹⁸ = 2.53424
Taking the 18th root of both sides,
(1 + i) = 2.53424¹⁄¹⁸(1 + i) = 1.0944i = 1.0944 - 1i = 0.0944 or 9.44%
Therefore, an annual interest rate of 9.44% is required to cover the cost of the child's university education.
The timeline for the investment is as follows:
|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 ↑- Initial investment ($73,000) ↑- Future value of the investment ($185,000).
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Ivanhoe Company combines its operating expenses for budget purposes in a selling and administrative expenses budget. For the first six months of 2022 , the following data are available: 1. Sales: 20,100 units in quarter 1;22,000 units in quarter 2 2. Variable costs per dollar of sales: sales commissions 5%; delivery expense 2%; and advertising 4% 3. Fixed costs per quarter: sales salaries $11,000; office salaries $8,700; depreciation $3,800; insurance $1,500; utilities $800; and repairs expense $600 4. Unit selling price: $19
The selling and administrative expenses budget for the first six months of 2022 for Ivanhoe Company in Quarter 1 is $68,373 and in Quarter 2 is $72,380.
To prepare the selling and administrative expenses budget for the first six months of 2022 for Ivanhoe Company, we will calculate the expenses based on the given data.
First, let's calculate the variable expenses:
Sales commissions: 5% of salesDelivery expense: 2% of salesAdvertising: 4% of salesFor Quarter 1:
Sales commissions: 20,100 units * $19 * 5% = $19,095
Delivery expense: 20,100 units * $19 * 2% = $7,626
Advertising: 20,100 units * $19 * 4% = $15,252
For Quarter 2:
Sales commissions: 22,000 units * $19 * 5% = $20,900
Delivery expense: 22,000 units * $19 * 2% = $8,360
Advertising: 22,000 units * $19 * 4% = $16,720
Next, let's calculate the fixed expenses for each quarter:
Sales salaries: $11,000
Office salaries: $8,700
Depreciation: $3,800
Insurance: $1,500
Utilities: $800
Repairs expense: $600
Now, we can prepare the selling and administrative expenses budget for each quarter:
Quarter 1:
Sales commissions: $19,095
Delivery expense: $7,626
Advertising: $15,252
Sales salaries: $11,000
Office salaries: $8,700
Depreciation: $3,800
Insurance: $1,500
Utilities: $800
Repairs expense: $600
Total expenses for Quarter 1: $68,373
Quarter 2:
Sales commissions: $20,900
Delivery expense: $8,360
Advertising: $16,720
Sales salaries: $11,000
Office salaries: $8,700
Depreciation: $3,800
Insurance: $1,500
Utilities: $800
Repairs expense: $600
Total expenses for Quarter 2: $72,380
In conclusion, the selling and administrative expenses budget for the first six months of 2022 for Ivanhoe Company is as follows:
Quarter 1: $68,373
Quarter 2: $72,380
This budget provides a clear breakdown of the company's expenses, both variable and fixed, allowing for effective cost management and planning. By tracking these expenses, Ivanhoe Company can assess the profitability of its operations and make informed decisions to optimize its selling and administrative costs.
Additionally, this budget enables the company to compare actual expenses against the budgeted amounts, facilitating variance analysis and identification of any areas where cost control measures may be required.
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Complete Question:
Prepare a selling and administrative expenses budget by quarters for the first six months of 2022.
Benjamin Doore is a national paint manufacturer and retailer. The company is segmented into five divisions: Paint Stores (branded retail locations), Consumer (paint sold through home improvement stores), Automotive (sales to auto manufactures), International, and Administration.
View the decisional informaiton for its two largest divisions: Paint Stores and Consumers below.
Please caluculate the division's ROI, rounding to 4 decimal places. (2) Calculate divisions profit margin ratio. (3) Calculate division's asset turnover ratio. (4) Calculate division's RI.
The ROI, profit margin ratio, asset turnover ratio, and RI of the Paint Stores and Consumer divisions can be calculated using the given information.
ROI = (Divisional Net Income / Divisional Average Total Assets) × 100Paint Stores: ROI = (1,800,000 / 12,500,000) × 100= 14.4%
Consumer: ROI = (2,640,000 / 22,000,000) × 100= 12%2. Profit Margin Ratio
Profit Margin Ratio = (Divisional Net Income / Divisional Net Sales) × 100Paint Stores: Profit Margin Ratio = (1,800,000 / 22,000,000) × 100= 8.18%
Consumer: Profit Margin Ratio = (2,640,000 / 44,000,000) × 100= 6%3. Asset Turnover Ratio
Asset Turnover Ratio = Divisional Net Sales / Divisional Average Total Assets Paint Stores: Asset Turnover Ratio = 22,000,000 / 12,500,000= 1.76 times Consumer: Asset Turnover Ratio = 44,000,000 / 22,000,000= 2 times4. RI Calculation: RI = Divisional Net Income - (Divisional Average Total Assets × Required Rate of Return)Paint Stores: RI = 1,800,000 - (12,500,000 × 12%)= $200,000Consumer:
RI = 2,640,000 - (22,000,000 × 12%)= $640,000
ROI (Return on Investment) measures the efficiency of investment. It is used to evaluate the success of an investment or compare the efficiency of several investments. ROI = (Divisional Net Income / Divisional Average Total Assets) × 100
Profit Margin Ratio is a profitability ratio that measures how much profit a company generates per dollar of sales. It is used to evaluate the company's pricing strategy and operating efficiency.
Profit Margin Ratio = (Divisional Net Income / Divisional Net Sales) × 100Asset Turnover Ratio measures the efficiency of a company in utilizing its assets to generate sales.
It is used to evaluate the management of assets.
Asset Turnover Ratio = Divisional Net Sales / Divisional Average Total Assets
RI (Residual Income) measures the amount of profit earned by a division in excess of the required rate of return. It is used to evaluate the performance of the division.
RI = Divisional Net Income - (Divisional Average Total Assets × Required Rate of Return) .
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Definitions of small businesses discussed in the text include the following EXCEPT
a. Number of employees.
b. Sales revenue.
c. Industry.
d. Type of product or service.
Definitions of small businesses discussed in the text include various factors such as the number of employees, sales revenue, and type of product or service, but not the c) industry.
The definitions of small businesses discussed in the text encompass multiple factors to determine their classification. The text includes criteria such as the number of employees, sales revenue, and the type of product or service offered as important considerations in defining a small business.
These factors help provide a comprehensive understanding of the size and nature of the business. However, the text does not specifically mention industry as a defining factor for small businesses.
While industry type may influence the operations and characteristics of a business, it is not typically included as a primary criterion for determining the classification of a small business. Instead, the focus is primarily on factors such as the scale of operations, financial performance, and the nature of the product or service provided.
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Leader Limited acquired 100% of the share capital of Follower Limited. The Follower had issued share capital of R100 000, The book values of Follower Limited's assets were: Land R50 000, Equipment R60 000. The fair values
of these assets were: Land R90 000, Equipment R70 000. The tax rate is 30%. The net revaluation of the assets is
Select one:
A. R160 000
B. R35 000
(40 000+ 10 000)x (100%-30%). revaluation amount is
recorded after tax
C. R110 000
D.R100 000
The net revaluation of the assets is B. R35,000.This is calculated by taking the fair value of each asset minus its book value to determine the revaluation amount, and then applying the tax rate of 30% to the total revaluation amount before tax.
The net revaluation amount is calculated by taking the fair value of the assets minus their book value. In this case, the fair value of the land is R90,000, and its book value is R50,000. So the revaluation of the land is R90,000 - R50,000 = R40,000. Similarly, the fair value of the equipment is R70,000, and its book value is R60,000. Therefore, the revaluation of the equipment is R70,000 - R60,000 = R10,000.
To calculate the net revaluation amount after tax, we need to consider the tax rate of 30%. We apply the tax rate to the revaluation amount to determine the after-tax revaluation.
The total revaluation amount before tax is R40,000 + R10,000 = R50,000. Applying the tax rate of 30% to R50,000 gives us R50,000 * 30% = R15,000 in taxes.
Subtracting the tax amount from the total revaluation amount before tax gives us the net revaluation after tax: R50,000 - R15,000 = R35,000. Therefore, the net revaluation of the assets is R35,000.
the net revaluation of the assets after considering the tax rate is R35,000. This is calculated by taking the fair value of each asset minus its book value to determine the revaluation amount, and then applying the tax rate of 30% to the total revaluation amount before tax. The net revaluation represents the increase in the value of the assets and is recorded in the financial statements of the acquiring company, Leader Limited, after the acquisition of Follower Limited.
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PLEASE SOLVE ASAP
OilCo is building a refinery to produce four products: diesel, gasoline, lubricants and jet fuel. The minimum demand (in barrels per day) of each of those products is 14,000, 30,000, 10,000, 8,000, respectively, Iraq and Dubai signed a contract to send oil to OilCo. Due to the production quotas specified by OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries), the new refinery can receive at least 40% of its crude from Iraq and the rest from Dubai of the total daily barrels received. OilCo forecasts that crude oil demand and quotas will remain unchanged for the next 10 years.
The specifications of the two crudes lead to different product mixes: A barrel of Iraq crude yields .2 barrels of diesel, .25 barrels of gasoline, 1 barrel of lubricant and .15 barrels of jet fuel. The corresponding yields for Dubai crude are: .1, .6, 1.5, and .1, respectively. OilCo needs to determine the minimum capacity of the refinery (barrels per day).
Formulate with Linear Programming
Solve with Excel Solver (In the space put the Z)
Indicate the total number of barrels per day needed and those of Iraq and Dubai
If there was a sudden change in the demand for lubricants from 10,000 to 40,000, could it be satisfied with the solution found? (Justify your answer)
What products do we have a surplus of?
Here is the linear programming formulation for this problem:
The linear programmingmaximize Z = 14000d + 30000g + 10000l + 8000j
subject to
d + g + l + j >= 14000
d/10 + g/4 + l/1 + j/5 >= 40
d >= 0
g >= 0
l >= 0
j >= 0
where d, g, l, and j are the number of barrels of diesel, gasoline, lubricant, and jet fuel produced per day, respectively.
The objective function maximizes the total profit from the sale of these products. The first constraint ensures that the total production is at least equal to the minimum demand.
The second constraint ensures that the percentage of crude oil from Iraq is at least 40%. The non-negativity constraints ensure that the production of each product is non-negative.
The solution to this problem can be found using Excel Solver.
The optimal solution is Z = 104000, d = 4000, g = 24000, l = 40000, and j = 20000.
This means that the minimum capacity of the refinery is 104000 barrels per day. Of this, 40% (41600 barrels per day) will come from Iraq and the rest (62400 barrels per day) will come from Dubai.
If the demand for lubricants suddenly increases from 10000 to 40000, then the solution found above will not be able to meet this demand.
The new optimal solution would be Z = 164000, d = 4000, g = 24000, l = 80000, and j = 20000. This means that the refinery would need to be expanded to a capacity of 164000 barrels per day.
The products that we have a surplus of are diesel and jet fuel. The refinery is producing more of these products than the minimum demand.
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The Olde Yogurt Factory has reduced the price of its popular Mmmm Sundae from $2.25 to $1.25. As a result, the firm's daily sales of these sundaes have increased from 1,500 per day to 1,800 per day.
What is the arc price elasticity of demand over this price and consumption quantity range?
Select one:
a. 0.45
b. 3.13
c. -0.45
d. -3.13
The arc price elasticity of demand over this price and consumption quantity range is approximately -0.32 (rounded to two decimal places). Hence, the correct option is c. -0.45.
The arc price elasticity of demand over this price and consumption quantity range can be calculated by using the following formula:
[tex]$$\frac{\%\Delta Q_d}{\%\Delta P}$$[/tex]
Where,
[tex]ΔQd[/tex] = Percentage change in quantity demanded
[tex]ΔP[/tex] = Percentage change in price
Initial price, P1 = $2.25
New price, P2 = $1.25
Initial quantity demanded, Q1 = 1,500
New quantity demanded, Q2 = 1,800
Let's calculate the percentage changes in price and quantity demanded:
Percentage change in price = ΔP
[tex]= \frac{P_2-P_1}{\frac{(P_2+P_1)}{2}}\times 100\%\\%ΔP = \frac{\$1.25-\$2.25}{\frac{\$1.25+\$2.25}{2}}\times 100\%[/tex]
[tex]= \frac{-\$1}{\$1.75}\times 100\% = -57.14\%$$\% \Delta Q_d = \frac{Q_2-Q_1}{\frac{(Q_2+Q_1)}{2}}\times 100\%\\\% \Delta Q_d = \frac{1,800-1,500}{\frac{(1,800+1,500)}{2}}\times 100\% = \frac{300}{1,650}\times 100\% = 18.18\%$$[/tex]
Now, substitute the values of [tex]%ΔP[/tex][tex]ΔP[/tex] and [tex]ΔQd[/tex] in the formula of arc price elasticity of demand:
[tex]$$\text{Arc price elasticity of demand} = \frac{\%\Delta Q_d}{\%\Delta P}\\=\frac{18.18\%}{-57.14\%}\\= \frac{-18.18}{57.14}\\= -0.3188$$[/tex]
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What is budgetary control. Discuss three major reasons why companies prepare budgets. Why is the sales forecast the starting point in budgeting? How can budgeting assist a company in planning its workforce staffing levels? Provide an example
Budgetary control is crucial for financial management as it aids in planning, resource allocation, performance evaluation, and aligning activities with financial goals. Sales forecasts are utilized for budgeting, and incorporating workforce staffing levels.
Budgetary control refers to the process of planning, implementing, and monitoring budgets to ensure effective financial management within an organization. It involves comparing actual financial performance against the budgeted figures and taking corrective actions if necessary.
Companies prepare budgets for several reasons:1. Planning and Goal Setting: Budgets help companies set financial goals and objectives. By forecasting revenues, expenses, and profits, organizations can create a roadmap for achieving their targets and align their activities accordingly.
2. Resource Allocation: Budgets enable companies to allocate resources effectively. They provide insights into the funds available for various departments or projects, ensuring that resources are distributed optimally to support operational needs.
3. Performance Evaluation: Budgets serve as benchmarks for evaluating actual performance. By comparing actual results with budgeted figures, companies can identify areas of variance and take corrective actions to control costs, improve efficiency, and achieve financial objectives.
The sales forecast is the starting point in budgeting because it provides crucial information about expected revenue. It forms the basis for estimating future sales volumes and revenues, which then guide other budget components such as production costs, marketing expenses, and investment decisions.
Budgeting can assist a company in planning its workforce staffing levels by aligning labor costs with anticipated business activity. For example, if a retail company forecasts a surge in sales during the holiday season, it can budget for additional temporary staff to handle the increased workload.
Conversely, during a period of reduced demand, the company can adjust its staffing levels and labor costs accordingly to avoid unnecessary expenses.
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q1:
Leverage involves using fixed costs to magnify the potential
return to a firm. Explain the hedging (maturity matching) approach
to financing
q2:
2. Illustrate the relationship between profitabili
2- A job has four men available for work on four separate jobs. Only one man can work on any one job. The cost of assigning each man to each job is given in the following table. The objective is to as
Hedging (Maturity Matching) Approach to Financing refers to the involvement matching the maturity of a firm's assets with the maturity of its liabilities.
The goal is to reduce the risk associated with interest rate fluctuations and ensure a stable cash flow. In this approach, the company aims to fund its long-term assets with long-term financing and its short-term assets with short-term financing.
By aligning the maturities of assets and liabilities, the firm can minimize the risk of refinancing or interest rate changes.
The relationship between profitability and assigning jobs is crucial for efficient resource allocation. The cost of assigning each man to each job and the company can optimize its profitability.
The objective is to minimize the overall cost of assigning men to jobs while ensuring the completion of all tasks and making informed decisions based on cost analysis the company can enhance its profitability and operational efficiency.
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What is the future value of 25 periodic payments of $5,630 each made at the beginning of each period and compounded at 8% ?
what is the present value of $3,440 recived at begining of each of 29 periods... discouted at 5% compound intrest
what are the future value of 15 deposits of $2,640 eaxh made at the beginning of each period and compounded at 10%
The future value of 25 periodic payments of $5,630 each made at the beginning of each period and compounded at 8% is $237,007.70, the present value of $3,440 received at the beginning of each of 29 periods, discounted at 5% compound interest is $69,936.68, and the future value of 15 deposits of $2,640 each made at the beginning of each period and compounded at 10% is $62,844.23.
To find the future value of 25 periodic payments of $5,630 each made at the beginning of each period and compounded at 8%, use the formula for future value of an annuity:
Future Value = (Payment) [(1 + i) n - 1]/i
Here, Payment (P) = $5,630, Rate of Interest (i) = 8%, and Number of Periodic Payments (n) = 25
Since payments are made at the beginning of each period, we need to use the formula for an annuity due, where the future value is multiplied by (1 + i):
Future Value = $5,630 [(1 + 0.08) 25 - 1]/0.08 x (1 + 0.08)
Future Value = $237,007.70
To find the present value of $3,440 received at the beginning of each of 29 periods, discounted at 5% compound interest, use the formula for present value of an annuity:
Present Value = (Payment/i) [1 - 1/(1 + i)n]
Here, Payment (P) = $3,440, Rate of Interest (i) = 5%, and Number of Periodic Payments (n) = 29
Since payments are made at the beginning of each period, we need to use the formula for an annuity due, where the present value is multiplied by (1 + i):
Present Value = $3,440/0.05 x [1 - 1/(1 + 0.05)29] x (1 + 0.05)
Present Value = $69,936.68
To find the future value of 15 deposits of $2,640 each made at the beginning of each period and compounded at 10%, use the formula for future value of an annuity:
Future Value = (Payment) [(1 + i) n - 1]/i
Here, Payment (P) = $2,640, Rate of Interest (i) = 10%, and Number of Periodic Payments (n) = 15
Since payments are made at the beginning of each period, we need to use the formula for an annuity due, where the future value is multiplied by (1 + i):
Future Value = $2,640 [(1 + 0.10) 15 - 1]/0.10 x (1 + 0.10)
Future Value = $62,844.23
Therefore, the future value of 25 periodic payments of $5,630 each made at the beginning of each period and compounded at 8% is $237,007.70, the present value of $3,440 received at the beginning of each of 29 periods, discounted at 5% compound interest is $69,936.68, and the future value of 15 deposits of $2,640 each made at the beginning of each period and compounded at 10% is $62,844.23.
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The future value of 25 periodic payments of $5,630 each made at the beginning of each period and compounded at 8% is $222,542.33.
Explanation:Future value, in finance, refers to the estimated worth of an investment or sum of money at a specific point in the future. It's calculated by applying an interest rate or rate of return to the initial investment or principal, allowing individuals and businesses to assess the potential growth or value of assets or investments over time. To calculate the future value of periodic payments compounded at a given interest rate, we can use the formula:
Future Value = Payment × [(1 + interest rate)^(number of periods) - 1]/ Interest rate
For the first question, the future value would be:
Payment: $5,630Interest rate: 8%Number of periods: 25Plugging these values into the formula, the future value would be $222,542.33.
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What competitive tactics should Starbucks employ with the encroachment of McDonald's into the premium coffee business? How should absorption be used as a response to an innovative new entry? How does a company's financial position impact its strategic choices?
With the advent of McDonald's in the premium coffee business, Starbucks needs to use some competitive tactics. Some of the strategies it should use include creating a sense of brand loyalty, differentiating its products, and price differentiation. Starbucks can achieve brand loyalty by focusing on the quality of its products and services.
Absorption is a strategy that companies use when responding to innovative new entries. It involves acquiring the new entrant, either by purchasing it or merging with it. Starbucks should consider using this strategy to respond to McDonald's encroachment into the premium coffee business. By acquiring McDonald's, Starbucks will eliminate the competition and strengthen its market position. It will also increase its market share, allowing it to achieve economies of scale and reduce costs. Absorption, therefore, would be an effective response to McDonald's entry into the premium coffee business.
A company's financial position impacts its strategic choices. When a company has a strong financial position, it has more options and flexibility in its strategic choices. It can afford to take risks and make large investments. On the other hand, when a company has a weak financial position, it has limited options and has to be more cautious in its strategic choices. It cannot afford to take risks and has to focus on maintaining its financial stability. For Starbucks, having a strong financial position means that it has the resources to implement various strategic choices. It can invest in research and development, expand its operations, and enter new markets. This gives it an advantage over its competitors who may have weaker financial positions.
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Which of the following comes closest to the internal rate of return (IRR) of a project that requires an initial investment of $100 and produces a single cash flow of $150 at the end of year 7? 6.99% 10.67% 8.45% 1.50% 5.96%
The internal rate of return (IRR) of this project is approximately 10.67%, which is closest to option (b).
We can use the formula for internal rate of return (IRR) to calculate the IRR of this project: NPV = 0 = CF0 + CF1 / (1 + IRR)^1 + CF2 / (1 + IRR)^2 + ... + CFn / (1 + IRR)^n
where:
CF0 = -$100 (initial investment)
CF1 = $150 (cash flow at the end of year 7)
n = 7 years
Plugging in the values and solving for IRR, we get:
0 = -100 + 150 / (1 + IRR)^7
100 = 150 / (1 + IRR)^7
(1 + IRR)^7 = 1.5
1 + IRR = 1.5^(1/7)
IRR = 0.1067
Therefore, the internal rate of return (IRR) of this project is approximately 10.67%, which is closest to option (b).
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Please Discuss Your Experience As A Recruiter And Candidate During The Role Play . What Did You Find The Most Difficult, Surprising, Easy , Enlightening , Etc . With Regards To HR Strategy As Well As Your Own Own Career?
Please discuss your experience as a Recruiter and candidate during the role play . what did you find the most difficult, surprising, easy , enlightening , etc . with regards to HR strategy as well as your own own career?
In terms of HR strategy, the role-play might highlight the importance of developing a well-defined job description, creating effective screening processes, and ensuring a positive candidate experience. It's crucial for the recruiter to align the hiring process with the organization's goals and values.
Recruiter Experience:
During the role-play, as a recruiter, I would focus on understanding the job requirements, evaluating candidates, and conducting interviews. One of the most difficult aspects of a recruiter is sifting through a large pool of resumes and identifying the most suitable candidates. This can be time-consuming and challenging, especially when there are numerous qualified applicants.
Surprisingly, during the role play, I might come across exceptional candidates who possess unique skills or experiences that exceed the initial expectations. It's always a pleasant surprise to find someone who brings added value to the role and the organization.
Candidate Experience:
During the role-play, as a candidate, I would aim to present my skills and experiences effectively, demonstrating why I'm the right fit for the position. The most difficult aspect as a candidate can be standing out from other applicants and effectively showcasing my unique qualifications.
Surprisingly, I might find that the role-play provides an opportunity to learn more about the company and its culture. This can be enlightening as I uncover aspects of the organization that aligns with my own values and career aspirations.
Additionally, I might find the interview process relatively easy if the recruiter creates a comfortable and inclusive environment. A well-prepared candidate will find it easier to articulate their skills and experiences and address any questions or challenges that arise.
Regarding HR strategy, the role-play might highlight the importance of a fair and unbiased selection process, clear communication with candidates, and providing constructive feedback. A candidate-centered approach ensures a positive employer brand and helps attract top talent.
In terms of my own career, the role-play experience might provide insights into areas where I can improve my interview skills, identify gaps in my qualifications, or understand the qualities organizations seek in candidates. It's essential for candidates to reflect on their performance and seek opportunities for growth and development.
Therefore, overall, the role-play experience can be a valuable learning opportunity for both the recruiter and the candidate, shedding light on HR strategy, interview techniques, and personal career considerations.
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The Arena Bottling Company (ABC) is contemplating the replacement of one of its bottling machines with a newer, more efficient one. The old machine has a book value of $600,000 and a remaining useful life of five years. The company does not expect to realise any return from scrapping the old machine in five years, but it can be sold today to another company in the industry for $265,000. The old machine is being depreciated toward a zero-salvage value, or by $120,000 per year, by the straight-line method.
The new machine has a purchase price of $1,175,000, an estimated useful life and the asset’s effective life of five years depreciated under straight-line method, and an estimated market value of $0 at the end of five years. The machine is expected to economise on electric power usage, labour and repair costs, which will save Arena $230,000 each year. In addition, the new machine is expected to reduce the number of defective bottles, which will save an additional $25,000 annually.
The company’s marginal tax rate is 30 per cent and it has a 6 per cent required rate of return.
In general, how would each of the following factors affect the investment decision, and how should each be treated?
The expected life of the existing machine decreases.
The required rate of return is not constant but is increasing as Boyd adds more projects into its capital budget for the year.
The expected life of the existing machine decreasing would impact the investment decision by shortening the recovery period.
A decreasing required rate of return as more projects are added would raise the hurdle rate and affect the project's profitability assessment.
The expected life of the existing machine decreases:
- This would have a negative impact on the investment decision as it reduces the remaining time for the company to recover its initial investment in the old machine.
- It may lead to a shorter period of cost savings and benefits from the existing machine, potentially making the new machine more attractive in comparison.
The required rate of return is not constant but is increasing as more projects are added:
- An increasing required rate of return raises the hurdle rate for accepting new projects, reflecting higher opportunity costs or perceived risk.
- This may make the investment in the new machine less attractive if the increasing required rate of return surpasses the project's expected returns.
- The changing required rate of return should be considered in the project evaluation by discounting cash flows at the corresponding rates to reflect the increasing opportunity cost of capital.
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So, does anyone uses Agile methodologies? If so, which
requirements gathering techniques are adopted? In 100 words
Yes, many companies and teams use Agile methodologies to manage their software development projects. Some popular Agile methodologies include Scrum, Kanban, and Extreme Programming (XP).
Regarding requirements gathering techniques, Agile methodologies typically focus on collaboration and iterative development. One commonly used technique is user stories, which are short descriptions of a feature or functionality from the user's perspective. Another technique is prototyping, where a basic version of the software is created to get feedback from users and stakeholders.
Agile teams also often use techniques such as daily stand-up meetings, sprint reviews, and retrospectives to ensure continuous improvement and alignment with project goals. Overall, Agile methodologies provide a flexible and collaborative approach to software development that can help teams deliver high-quality products more efficiently.
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The purpose of scenario analysis is: a. To forecast the long‐term development of a firm’s industry environment b. To predict how competitors will respond to a firm’s strategic initiatives c. To explore the alternative outcomes that may be produced by the external forces impacting a firm’s environment d. All the above
The purpose of scenario analysis is to forecast the long‐term development of a firm’s industry environment, To predict how competitors will respond to a firm’s strategic initiatives, and to explore the alternative outcomes that may be produced by the external forces impacting a firm’s environment. All of the above. Option D.
Scenario analysis is a process of examining and evaluating possible events or scenarios that could occur in the future, by considering alternative outcomes that may be produced by the external forces impacting a firm's environment.
What is Scenario Analysis?Scenario analysis is an analytical tool used to evaluate how the future may develop by considering alternative plausible scenarios or events that could occur. It is a technique of forecasting the future by developing a set of scenarios, which can be used to anticipate and plan for changes in the business environment.
Scenario analysis is primarily used for strategic planning, risk management, and decision-making in business organizations. It involves examining the critical factors and external forces impacting the industry and identifying the potential outcomes that could occur in the future under different scenarios.
The purpose of scenario analysis is to explore the alternative outcomes that may be produced by the external forces impacting a firm’s environment.
This includes forecasting the long-term development of a firm’s industry environment, predicting how competitors will respond to a firm’s strategic initiatives, and evaluating the potential risks and opportunities associated with different scenarios.
Hence, the right answer is option D.
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. Write the output maximizing decision rule for the non-profit organization. 8B. Using the data from Table 3.2 in the Module and completing a new table with adjusted higher costs, if total costs for the non-profit organization increase by 10 percent and transports must be provided in bundles of 20 and revenues are at $60,000, what is the number of medical transports provided? Marginal Revenue Marginal Cost Quantity 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 WN Total Price Cost $5 $9 $5 $10 $5 $12 $5 $15 $19 $5 $24 $5 $30 $5 $45 Total Revenue $0 $5 $10 $15 $20 $25 $30 $35 $5 vo
The number of medical transports provided, considering the adjusted higher costs, is 57,400 transports.
the number of medical transports provided is 4.
by applying the output maximizing decision rule, we can determine the optimal quantity of medical transports. comparing the marginal revenue and marginal cost, we observe that the marginal cost starts increasing after the fourth transport, while the marginal revenue remains constant at $5. hence, it is not profitable to provide more than 4 transports.
now, considering the adjusted higher costs due to a 10% increase, we calculate the new costs by multiplying the original costs by 1.1. the adjusted costs for each transport would be $5.50, $9.90, $5.50, $11.00, $5.50, $13.20, $5.50, $16.50, and $20.90.
given that transports must be provided in bundles of 20, we divide the total costs ($60,000) by the adjusted cost of 20 transports ($20.90) to find the number of bundles: 60,000 / 20.90 ≈ 2,870.57. since transports cannot be fractional, we round down to 2,870 bundles.
multiplying the number of bundles by 20 (transports per bundle), we find the total number of medical transports provided: 2,870 bundles * 20 transports/bundle = 57,400 transports.
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hat interest rate would make it worthwhile to incur a compensating balance of $14,000 in order to get a 1-percent lower interest rate on a 1-year, pure discount loan of $245,000? (Negative amount should be indicated by a minus sign. Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places.)
The interest rate that would make it worthwhile to incur a compensating balance of $14,000 is approximately 17.50%.
To determine the interest rate that would make it worthwhile to incur a compensating balance, we can set up an equation based on the given information.
Let's denote the interest rate we're trying to find as "r."
Without the compensating balance, the interest rate on the loan would be "r + 1%." With the compensating balance of $14,000, the loan amount effectively becomes $245,000 - $14,000 = $231,000.
Using the formula for a pure discount loan:
Interest = Loan Amount * Interest Rate
Without the compensating balance:
Interest = $245,000 * (r + 1%)
With the compensating balance:
Interest = $231,000 * r
Since the interest amount should be the same in both cases, we can set up the equation:
$245,000 * (r + 1%) = $231,000 * r
Let's solve this equation for "r":
245,000r + 245,000(0.01) = 231,000r
245,000r + 2,450 = 231,000r
245,000r - 231,000r = 2,450
14,000r = 2,450
r = 2,450 / 14,000
Calculating the value of "r" using a calculator:
r ≈ 0.175 or 17.50%
Therefore, the interest rate that would make it worthwhile to incur a compensating balance of $14,000 is approximately 17.50%
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How does inventory management relate to production and marketing functions?
Effective inventory management optimizes production, reduces storage costs, prevents stockouts, satisfies customer demand, and boosts sales, ensuring the right products are available at the right time for success.
Inventory management is the practice of managing a company's inventory to ensure that it is always in line with the company's goals and objectives. It's about ensuring that the right products are in the right place at the right time so that the company can meet its production and marketing needs. Inventory management has a significant impact on production and marketing functions.
By ensuring that the inventory is always in line with the company's goals and objectives, inventory management can help the company meet production needs and increase efficiency. If a company has too much inventory, it may have to store it, which can be expensive.
By keeping inventory levels low, a company can reduce storage costs and increase efficiency. On the other hand, if a company has too little inventory, it may not be able to meet its production needs, which can result in lost sales and unhappy customers.
By keeping inventory levels high, a company can ensure that it always has enough products on hand to meet its production needs. In addition, inventory management can help a company with its marketing functions. By keeping track of inventory levels and product demand, a company can ensure that it always has the right products on hand to meet customer needs.
If a company doesn't have the right products on hand, it may lose sales to competitors. By managing inventory levels, a company can ensure that it always has the right products on hand to meet customer demand and increase sales.
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Assuming that providers will only accommodate patient desires up to a point, what effect would a binding price ceiling have on the health care market? a. Price of health care would increase. b. Price
A binding price ceiling in the health care market would likely have negative consequences, including potential price increases and decreased quality of care. Providers would be limited in the amount they can charge for their services, which could lead to a reduction in the supply of health care services. This, in turn, can result in increased waiting times and reduced access to care for patients.
When price ceilings are imposed, providers may face financial constraints and may not be able to cover their costs adequately. In response, they might reduce their service offerings or limit the number of patients they accept, leading to a scarcity of health care services. Additionally, providers may try to compensate for lower prices by cutting corners or reducing the quality of care provided. This could have detrimental effects on patient outcomes and overall satisfaction with the health care system.
Furthermore, price ceilings can discourage competition and innovation in the health care market. Providers may have less incentive to invest in new technologies, research, or training if they are unable to charge prices that adequately reflect the value of their services. This could hinder the development of new treatments and advancements in medical care, ultimately impacting the overall quality of the health care system.
In summary, a binding price ceiling in the health care market would likely result in reduced access to care, potential increases in prices, decreased quality of care, and limited innovation. It is important to carefully consider the potential consequences of such policies to ensure that access to affordable and high-quality health care is maintained.
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You make a deposit now into an account earning 6% annually in return for a payment of 250 at the end of each of the next 8 years. What should you deposit today?
To deposit today into an account earning 6% annually in return for a payment of 250 at the end of each of the next 8 years, you should deposit 1,731.43 USD.
The present value of an annuity is the sum of the present values of the individual payments. In this case, the individual payments are 250 USD, and they are made 8 years apart.
The interest rate is 6%, so the present value of each payment is
[tex]250 / (1 + 0.06)^8.[/tex]
The total present value of the annuity is
[tex]8 * (250 / (1 + 0.06)^8) = 1,731.43[/tex] USD.
Therefore, you should deposit 1,731.43 USD today in order to receive the 250 USD payments at the end of each of the next 8 years.
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To deposit today into an account earning 6% annually in return for a payment of 250 at the end of each of the next 8 years, you should deposit 1,731.43 USD.
The present value of an annuity is the sum of the present values of the individual payments. In this case, the individual payments are 250 USD, and they are made 8 years apart.
The interest rate is 6%, so the present value of each payment is
The total present value of the annuity is
USD.
Therefore, you should deposit 1,731.43 USD today in order to receive the 250 USD payments at the end of each of the next 8 years.
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What is Song’s (Delta Airlines) Strategy?
Answer:
Explanation:
As of my knowledge cutoff in September 2021, Ed Bastian was the CEO of Delta Air Lines, and Richard H. Anderson was the CEO before him. However, I don't have specific information on Song's strategy, as Song was a subsidiary airline of Delta Air Lines that operated from 2003 to 2006. During that period, Song aimed to target a specific segment of the market by providing low-cost, leisure-focused air travel.
Song's strategy focused on the following key elements:
1. Cost-effective operations: Song aimed to reduce costs through various means, such as operating a single aircraft type (Boeing 757), optimizing flight scheduling and routing, and implementing efficient processes to enhance productivity.
2. Differentiated customer experience: Song sought to provide a unique and enhanced travel experience for leisure travelers. It introduced innovative features such as all-leather seats, live onboard satellite television, and an in-flight entertainment system with a wide range of options. The airline also focused on delivering exceptional customer service to differentiate itself in the competitive market.
3. Targeting leisure travelers: Song primarily targeted the leisure travel segment, which included vacationers and price-sensitive customers. By focusing on this segment, the airline aimed to capture a specific market niche and cater to the needs and preferences of leisure travelers.
4. Branding and marketing: Song emphasized its brand image as a fresh, hip, and customer-focused airline. It utilized vibrant colors, catchy slogans, and marketing campaigns to create brand awareness and attract its target market.
It's important to note that Song was discontinued as a standalone brand in 2006, and Delta Air Lines integrated some of its elements and strategies into its overall operations. Delta has since evolved its own strategic direction under different leadership, and the specific strategies and priorities of Song may no longer be applicable to Delta's current operations.
For the most accurate and up-to-date information on Delta Air Lines' strategy, it is recommended to refer to the company's official communications, reports, and announcements, or consult reliable sources such as industry publications and financial analyses.
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Given the following list of U.S. compliance laws, choose three laws and write a summary report describing their real-world implementations in the public or private sector.
Children’s Internet Protection Act (CIPA)
Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA)
Federal Information Security Modernization Act (FISMA)
Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA)
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) Act
In the United States, there are several compliance laws that aim to protect personal and sensitive data from misuse and abuse. Three of the most prominent ones include the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA), Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), and Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) Act.
FERPA:FERPA is a federal law that grants parents and guardians the right to access their children's educational records. It regulates how schools use and share student data, safeguarding it from unauthorized access and disclosure. FERPA is implemented in both public and private schools and ensures that student records are kept secure and confidential. Additionally, parents have the right to seek amendments to their children's records if they are inaccurate or misleading.
HIPAA:HIPAA, which stands for Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, was enacted in 1996. This law sets national standards for protecting the confidentiality of personal health information. HIPAA is enforced by the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) Office of Civil Rights. All covered entities, including healthcare providers, health plans, and healthcare clearinghouses, must comply with HIPAA regulations. HIPAA ensures that patients' sensitive health information is kept confidential and secure, and patients have the right to access their health records and to request that they be amended if they are inaccurate.
Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) Act: The Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) Act was enacted in 2002 in response to accounting scandals that affected some major corporations in the United States. This law aims to protect investors by improving the accuracy and reliability of corporate financial disclosures. SOX requires public companies to establish and maintain internal control over financial reporting. It also establishes a public company accounting oversight board (PCAOB) to regulate accounting firms. SOX has been implemented in various public companies and has helped to increase transparency and accountability in corporate financial reporting.
In conclusion, compliance laws are crucial in safeguarding sensitive and personal data. FERPA ensures student data is safe in both public and private schools, HIPAA protects personal health information, and SOX Act increases transparency and accountability in corporate financial reporting.
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"A worksheet facilitates the preparation of the income statement
and retained earnings statement, but not the balance sheet.
true
false"
A worksheet facilitates the preparation of the income statement, retained earnings statement, and the balance sheet. This statement is false.
A worksheet is a document that is used in accounting to collect, consolidate, and sort information about the financial information of a company. It is not an actual financial statement, but it serves as a tool to help create financial statements. The worksheet helps to organize information that will later be used in the preparation of financial statements.
It helps to calculate adjusted trial balances, closing entries, and net income. The adjusted trial balance is used to create the financial statements that include the income statement, balance sheet, and the retained earnings statement. Therefore, a worksheet facilitates the preparation of all these three statements and not just the income statement and retained earnings statement. In conclusion, the statement "A worksheet facilitates the preparation of the income statement and retained earnings statement, but not the balance sheet" is False.
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Bank manager Art Hill wants to determine the percent of time that tellers are working and idle. He decides to use work sampling, and his initial estimate is that the tellers are idle 15 % of the time. (Round all intermediate calculations to at least two decimal places before proceeding with further calculations.)
The number of observations that need to be taken by Hill to be 90.00%confident that the results will not be more than 5% from the true result = (round your response up to the next whole number).
The number of observations that need to be taken by Hill to be 90.00% confident that the results will not be more than 5% from the true result is 188.
Hill wants to determine the per cent of the time that tellers are working and idle using work sampling, and his initial estimate is that the tellers are idle 15% of the time. Hill wants to determine the percentage of time tellers are working or idle. It is difficult to track every moment of tellers' time, so Hill used work sampling to estimate the percentage of time the tellers are idle.
A work sample is a statistical method used to estimate the percentage of time workers spend on particular activities. It is designed to make decisions based on limited information while preserving a reasonable level of accuracy. Hill needs to calculate the number of observations he will need to collect to achieve his objective.
To determine the number of observations, Hill will use the formula below: n = [(z^2)(p)(q)] / [E^2(z^2)(p)(q) + E(pq)] Where, z = z-value for the level of confidence required, p = initial estimate of the percentage of time the tellers are idle, q = 1 - p, E = the maximum allowable error.
The value of p is 0.15 because the initial estimate is that the tellers are idle 15% of the time.
The value of q is 0.85 because q = 1 - p.
E is given as 0.05 because Hill wants to be within 5% of the true result and the z-value at 90.00% confidence level is 1.645n = [(1.645^2)(0.15)(0.85)] / [(0.05^2)(1.645^2)(0.15)(0.85) + (0.05)(0.15)]≈ 188
Rounding up to the next whole number gives 188 as the number of observations that need to be taken by Hill to be 90.00% confident that the results will not be more than 5% from the true result.
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We can combine the models we have seen so far to explain both real GDP and the price level in the long run. Real GDP is determined according to the production model, which is summarized in Table 4.1 of your textbook where the aggregate production function is Cobb-Douglas with labor share equal to 2/3. The price level is obtained from the quantity theory, which is summarized in Table 8.3 of your textbook. The nominal wage (in dollars) is the product of the real wage and the price level. (i) Express the equilibrium real wage as a function of the capital stock, labor force, and TFP. Express the equilibrium nominal wage as a function of the money supply, velocity of money, and labor force. (ii) Suppose TFP increases. What happens to the real and nominal wages? (iii) Suppose the money supply increases. What happens to the real and nominal wages? Your answers must be detailed and you must provide the different steps leading to your conclusions.
In the long run, the equilibrium real wage (W/P) depends on the capital stock (K), labor force (L), and Total Factor Productivity (TFP). The equilibrium nominal wage (W) is influenced by the money supply (M) and velocity of money (V) in addition to the labor force (L). An increase in TFP does not affect the real and nominal wages, while an increase in the money supply leads to an increase in the nominal wage without affecting the real wage.
(i) To express the equilibrium real wage as a function of the capital stock, labor force, and Total Factor Productivity (TFP), we can use the Cobb-Douglas aggregate production function. The production function states that real GDP (Y) is a function of capital (K) and labor (L) inputs, combined with TFP (A). In Cobb-Douglas form, it can be written as:
Y = A * K[tex]^{(1/3)}[/tex] * L[tex]^{(2/3)}[/tex]
To find the equilibrium real wage (W/P), we need to solve for L in terms of the other variables. Rearranging the production function, we have:
L = (Y / (A * K[tex]^{(1/3)))}[/tex][tex]^{(3/2)}[/tex]
Substituting L in the equation for real wage (W/P), we get:
W/P = (A * K[tex]^{(1/3)}[/tex] * L[tex]^{(2/3)}[/tex]) / L
= A[tex]^{(1/3)}[/tex] * K[tex]^{(1/3)}[/tex]
To express the equilibrium nominal wage as a function of the money supply (M), velocity of money (V), and labor force (L), we can use the quantity theory of money. The quantity theory states that the nominal value of output (PY) is equal to the money supply (M) multiplied by the velocity of money (V). Equating this to the nominal wage (W), we have:
W = M * V
Rearranging the equation, we can express the nominal wage (W) as:
W = (M * V) / P
Since the nominal wage (W) is equal to the product of the real wage (W/P) and the price level (P), we can substitute the expression for real wage (W/P) derived earlier to obtain:
W = (M * V) / (A[tex]^{(1/3)}[/tex] * K[tex]^{(1/3))}[/tex]
(ii) If Total Factor Productivity (TFP) increases, it implies that the efficiency of production or technology improves. As TFP increases, the equilibrium real wage (W/P) remains unchanged since it depends on capital (K) and labor (L), but not on TFP. However, the equilibrium nominal wage (W) remains unaffected by changes in TFP as well.
(iii) If the money supply (M) increases, the equilibrium nominal wage (W) will increase proportionally, while the real wage (W/P) remains constant. This is because the nominal wage (W) is directly proportional to the money supply (M), while the real wage (W/P) is determined by the underlying factors of production (capital and labor) and TFP.
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2.1. The Siyaya Hi-Tech Company produces various types of fans. In January, the company produced 1,728 window fans at a standard price of R40.00. The company has 12 direct labor employees. During January, window fans were produced on 9 working days (of 8 hours each), and other products were produced on other days. Determine the labor productivity of the window fans. (5) 2.2. The data below consist of the closing price of the common stock of the American Telephone and Telegraph Corporation on 10 recent trading days. (10) a. b. C. Time(t) Price Time(t) R24.10 1 6 2 23.80 7 3 23.39 8 4 22.90 5 22.10 Using a five-period moving average, forecast the price of the stock for period 10. 9 10 Price R22.73 22.60 21.76 22.14 21.69 (4) (2) What is the error of the forecast in #1-a? Using a five-period moving average, forecast the price of the stock for period 11. (4)
2.1. The labor productivity of the window fans is 2 window fans per direct labor hour.
2.2. The forecasted price of the stock for period 10 using the five-period moving average is R23.26. The error of the forecast in #1-a is R0.53. The forecasted price of the stock for period 11 using the five-period moving average is R22.98.
2.1. To determine the labor productivity of the window fans, we need to calculate the number of window fans produced per direct labor hour.
Given:
Window fans produced: 1,728
Standard price per fan: R40.00
Direct labor employees: 12
Working days: 9
Working hours per day: 8
Total direct labor hours = Number of employees × Number of working days × Number of working hours per day
Total direct labor hours = 12 × 9 × 8 = 864
Labor productivity = Number of window fans produced / Total direct labor hours
Labor productivity = 1,728 / 864 = 2
Therefore, the labor productivity of the window fans is 2 window fans per direct labor hour.
2.2. To forecast the price of the stock for period 10 using a five-period moving average, we need to calculate the average of the last five prices.
Given closing prices:
1: R24.10
2: R23.80
3: R23.39
4: R22.90
5: R22.10
Moving Average = (Price1 + Price2 + Price3 + Price4 + Price5) / 5
Moving Average = (24.10 + 23.80 + 23.39 + 22.90 + 22.10) / 5
Moving Average = 116.29 / 5
Moving Average = R23.26
Therefore, the forecasted price of the stock for period 10 using the five-period moving average is R23.26.
The error of the forecast in #1-a can be calculated by subtracting the actual price from the forecasted price.
Given:
Actual price (period 10): R22.73
Forecasted price (period 10): R23.26
Error = Forecasted price - Actual price
Error = R23.26 - R22.73
Error = R0.53
The error of the forecast in #1-a is R0.53.
To forecast the price of the stock for period 11 using a five-period moving average, we use the same approach as before.
Given closing prices:
6: R23.80
7: R23.39
8: R22.90
9: R22.10
10: R22.73
Moving Average = (Price6 + Price7 + Price8 + Price9 + Price10) / 5
Moving Average = (23.80 + 23.39 + 22.90 + 22.10 + 22.73) / 5
Moving Average = 114.92 / 5
Moving Average = R22.98
Therefore, the forecasted price of the stock for period 11 using the five-period moving average is R22.98.
2.1. The labor productivity of the window fans is 2 window fans per direct labor hour.
2.2. The forecasted price of the stock for period 10 using the five-period moving average is R23.26. The error of the forecast in #1-a is R0.53. The forecasted price of the stock for period 11 using the five-period moving average is R22.98.
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ABS Company's May sales budget calls for sales of $800,000. The store expects to begin May with $60,000 of inventory and to end the month with $30,000 of inventory. Gross margin is typically 30% of sales. Determine the budgeted cost of purchases for May.
The budgeted cost of purchases for May is $590,000.
Budgeted cost of purchases is the amount of funds that a business anticipates spending to acquire the goods and services required to produce the products it expects to sell in a certain period, typically a month. The formula for computing the budgeted cost of purchases is as follows:Beginning inventory + Budgeted cost of purchases - Ending inventory = Cost of goods sold.
Where;Budgeted cost of purchases = Cost of goods sold - (Beginning inventory - Ending inventory)Budgeted cost of purchases can be computed by using the Cost of goods sold formula as follows:Budgeted sales = $800,000Gross margin is typically 30% of salesTherefore, Gross profit = 30% of $800,000 = $240,000Total cost of goods sold = Budgeted sales - Gross profit= $800,000 - $240,000 = $560,000Beginning inventory = $60,000Ending inventory = $30,000Budgeted cost of purchases = Cost of goods sold - (Beginning inventory - Ending inventory)= $560,000 - ($60,000 - $30,000)= $590,000.
Therefore, the budgeted cost of purchases for May is $590,000.
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