False. Stakeholder registries are created as a result of the outcomes of the stakeholder management approach.
A party that has an interest in a business and can affect or be affected by it is called an interested party. Investors, employees, clients, and suppliers make up the main components of a typical corporation. This idea has now been expanded to include communities, governments and business groups due to the growing focus on corporate social responsibility.
A corporation's operations and performance can either benefit or harm stakeholders because they have a vested interest in them. Typical stakeholders are investors, employees, clients, suppliers, community members, government bodies or trade groups. Among the several groups of stakeholders that businesses must consider are others besides shareholders. In certain circumstances, the general public could be considered an interested party.
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government intervention is one possible solution for market failure. what is one possible reason why a government-controlled used car market may not provide an efficient outcome?
Correcting market failure issues related to public goods, outside costs and benefits, and perfectly competitive is one of the functions of government. It is always possible for government intervention to lower deadweight losses by bringing markets nearer to efficient solutions.
An outcome can only be accomplished if government actors focus on helping the economy rather than exploiting this option to obtain their personal incentives out of it if government intervention is taken to address market failure.
Government intervention:
Government intervention to correct market imperfections and regulate the macroeconomy may fall short of achieving a socially effective resource allocation. Government engagement in the economy that results in inefficiency and the improper use of limited resources is known as "government failure."
Government-controlled used automobile markets may not be able to achieve the efficient results that we anticipate since the government's incentives may not be in line with what market efficiency prefers.
Government players might have their own motivations that might not line up with the efficiency of the market, which is one cause why a government-controlled used automobile market might not produce an efficient result.
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newsome inc. buys on terms of 3/15, net 45. it does not take the discount, and it generally pays after 60 days. what is the nominal annual percentage cost of its non-free trade credit, based on a 365-day year? a. 25.09% b. 30.35% c. 33.39% d. 36.73% e. 27.59%
The nominal annual percentage cost of its non-free trade credit, based on a 365-day year is 27.59%
If paid within 15 days, there will be a 3% discount; otherwise, the whole amount must be paid within 45 days.
As a result, if a consumer doesn't use the discount, he receives a free 30-day credit instead.
But in this case, payment will be made in 60 days. 45 days of free credit, or 60-15, are being used.
On a 45-day payment advance, you will receive a 3% discount.
A year is made up of (365/45) = 8.11 45-day intervals.
(Disc% age/100-Disc%age) * is the nominal cost of trade credit.
(Days credit o/s - Disc term) / 365
Example: The nominal cost of trade credit is equal to 3.09% (3%/97%)(365/(60-15)). 8.11 = 25.09%
EAR = (1+3.09%) ^8.11 - 1 = 27.99%.
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applying the lower of cost or market rule results in inventory being reported at the . multiple choice question. market value if lower than cost cost because the historical cost rule takes precedence higher market values
The application of the lower of cost or market rule results in inventory being reported at the market value if lower than cost cost because the historical cost rule takes precedence higher market values
What Is the Lower of Cost/Market Method?In finance, the lower of cost method states that when we are valuing the company's inventory, it most be recorded on the balance sheet at either the historical cost or the market value. Understand that a historical cost means the cost at which the inventory was purchased.
The norms is that value of a good can shift over time because if the price at which the inventory can be sold falls below the net realizable value of the item, thus its triggers a loss for the company, then, the market method can be employed to record the loss.
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what statement reflects weber's view of bureaucratic organizations? group of answer choices departments communicate with each other on a regular basis. employees follow strict rules and regulations. customer satisfaction is the number one priority. first-line workers are empowered to respond to the needs of customers.
The statement that reflects Weber's view of bureaucratic organizations is B. employees follow strict rules and regulations.
What is a Bureaucratic Organization?This refers to the type of organization that has a division of labor, a well-functioning hierarchy, written laws and edicts, and impersonal relationships between members of the organization.
Hence, we can see that with the view of Weber on bureaucratic organizations, believed that it must be well structured, formal, and impersonal, and based on the list of available options, the correct answer is option B.
Thus, it can be seen that Max Weber was of the opinion that a bureaucratic organization should be well structured
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Decrease in the number of consumers causes:
a) Equilibrium price to rise
b) Equilibrium price to fall
c) No change in equilibrium price
d) None of these
Option b. Equilibrium prices will fall is the correct answer. A decrease in the number of consumers will result in a decrease in demand thereby causing the equilibrium price to fall
Evaluating the options:
Option a: This option is incorrect because the decrease in consumers results in equilibrium prices fall
Option b: This assertion is accurate since producers are willing to accept lower prices and consumers now place a lower value on any quantity of commodities. As a result, a drop in consumer demand causes the equilibrium price to drop.
Option c: Since the equilibrium price does not change until the demand and supply curves change, this option is incorrect.
Option d: Because option b is the correct response to the question, this selection is incorrect.
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consider two mutually exclusive projects a and b: project cash flows (dollars) npv at 12% c0 c1 c2 a −35,500 25,400 25,400 +$ 7,427 b −55,500 38,500 38,500 +9,567
At Irr, present value of inflows=present value of outflows.
A: Putting into a financial calculator,
PV=-35,500
N=2
PMT=25400
Solving for I/Y; we get
I/Y=IRR=27.62%(Approx)
B:
Putting into a financial calculator:
PV=-55,500
N=2
PMT=38,500
Solving for I/Y; we get
I/Y=IRR=24.91%(Approx)
b. Hence as per IRR; Project A is best having higher IRR
c. Actually; Project B is best having higher NPV
The net amount of cash and cash equivalents coming into and going out of a business is referred to as cash flow. Money spent and money received reflect inflows and outflows, respectively.
Fundamentally, a company's capacity to produce positive cash flows, or more precisely, its capacity to optimize long-term free cash flow, determines its potential to create value for shareholders (CFC). FCF is the cash a firm generates from its regular business activities after deducting any funds used for capital expenditures (Capex).
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media consumption behavior and response to promotions, price sensitivity, and retail outlets patronized are factors that should be considered in the component of the environmental context of the problem.
Media consumption behavior and response to promotions, price sensitivity, and retail outlets patronized are factors that should be considered in the objectives component of the environmental context of the problem: False.
What is a marketing mix?A marketing mix simply refers to the choices about product attributes, promotion or communication strategy, place or distribution strategy, and pricing strategy that a business firm offer to its targeted markets.
The four (4) Ps of marketing mix.This ultimately implies that, a marketing mix is made up of the four (4) Ps and these include the following;
ProductsPricePlacePromotionsIn this context, we can reasonably infer and logically deduce that the component of the external factors of a marketing problem include the following:
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Complete Question:
Media consumption behavior and response to promotions, price sensitivity, and retail outlets patronized are factors that should be considered in the objectives component of the environmental context of the problem. True or False?
classify each statement or equation according to whether it describes average variable cost, marginal cost, or average (total) cost. (tc is total cost; vc is variable cost; q is quantity.)
The following statements related to the Theory of Costs in Micro Economics are classified below.
What is the theory of costs?
The cost theory is a foundation of economic thought and plays a vital role in the analysis of human behavior and society. Costs play a critical influence in practically all behaviors and economic results.
How we make decisions, why we trade, and how we construct institutions and social structures may all be described in terms of the costs we confront.
The given cost concepts are classified as follows:
Marginal Cost
ΔTC/ΔQ = Marginal cost.The value by which total cost grows when an additional unit. is produced is also called Marginal cost.The change in total cost is divided by the change in output.Average Total Cost
TC/Q = Average Total CostTotal Cost divided by Quantity produced is called Average Total CostAverage Variable Cost
VC/Q = Average Variable CostThe sum of all costs that change as output changes divided by the number of units produced is also called the Average Variable Cost.Learn more about microeconomics:
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Full Question:
Please see attached image.
the premiums paid by an employer for his employees group life insurance group life are usually considered to be
The premium paid by an employer for group life insurance group life of its employees is usually considered a business expense.
Business expenses are the money the company spends when it is doing business. Usually, these expenses are issued at certain times, such as paying salaries or monthly bills. For every company, knowing its expenses is a key part of its business activities.
Here are some reasons why business expenses are needed by companies.
Keep track of the costs incurred when doing business, Business expenses help companies know how much they spend and how they compare to their income.View various expenses by category, The advantage of business expenses is that every expense incurred will be recorded by category.Recording expenses for taxes, many business expenses incurred are classified as deductible expenses. Quoting from my tax, deductible expenses are tax deduction costs.Manage business expenses, another reason why business expenses are so important is that you can find out the various costs that have been incurred.Knowing the company's profit rate quickly, the level of profit or profitability is the difference between revenue and business expenses.You can learn more about Business expenses here brainly.com/question/14174618
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if you take a road trip and stop at a gas station to refuel your vehicle, part of your payment for each gallon of fuel you put in your vehicle goes to build and maintain texas roadways as well as what other important state function?
If you take a road trip and stop at a gas station to refuel your vehicle, part of your payment for each gallon of fuel you put in your vehicle goes to build and maintain Texas roadways as well as to carry out public education.
What is taxes?Tax can be defined as the amount a person or a taxpayer remit to the government and this tax amount are use by government to do the following:
Build infrastructures such as road, railwayTo provide public educationSocial security etc.This scenario help to explain what the tax money generated by either the federal or state government are used for and the important of paying tax.
Therefore we can conclude that revenue generated through tax are use to build roadways among others.
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2. suppose that you desire to get a lump-sum payment of $100,000 two years from now. rounded to full dollars, how many current dollars will you have to invest today at 10 percent interest to accomplish your goal?
An amount of $82645 needs to be invested today to obtain a lump sum amount of $100000 at the end of two years at 10 percent interest
Calculating the required investment each year using the formula:
Present value = A/(1+i)^n
i = Rate of interest
i = 10/100 = 0.1
n = Number of years for which investment is made
n = 2 years
A = amount after two years
A = $100000
Substituting the values in the formula, we get the following:
Present value = 100000/(1+0.1)^2
= 100000/(1.1)^2
= 100000/1.21
= 82644.62 or $82645
So, we need to invest $82645 today to get the desired amount
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extended decision making is the type of consumer decision-making process that
Extended decision making is a type of consumer decision-making process in which the product costs higher and purchases are made infrequently.
Consumer decision making refers to the process that consumers go through in deciding what to buy, including problem recognition, information search, alternative evaluation, decision making and post-purchase evaluation. In today's world, a consumer has many choices when making any decision.
But basically, consumers have five decision dimensions as follows:
What to buy? The decision to buy any product is the most important task. Until a decision is made, the consumer cannot buy anything.How much to buy? The next decision that consumers have to make is how much product to buy. It depends on the type of product to be purchased and then the purchase can be made.Where to buy it? Another decision that consumers have to make is where to buy the product. Consumers will usually go to places where the services offered are very good.When to buy? Consumers also have to decide when the purchase should be made. This is also influenced by product availability.How to buy? In this case the consumer must decide whether to pay in cash or by credit payment. Sometimes consumers also expect the goods purchased will be delivered by the retailer or the installment facility on the online purchase option can increase product sales.You can learn more about Consumer decision here brainly.com/question/14437518
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4. if matilda and benecio both get scammed, how much will each person need to pay into the pot of pooled money in order to cover their losses?
To make up for their losses, each participant must contribute $127.94 to the pooled fund. The standard deviation formula can be used to determine this.
What is the standard deviation?In statistics, the standard deviation measures how much a set of values can vary or be dispersed. A low standard deviation indicates that values tend to be close to the collection's mean, also referred to as the anticipated value, as opposed to a high standard deviation, which indicates a wider range of values.
Standard deviation is frequently represented by the lowercase Greek letter (sigma) in mathematical texts and equations for population standard deviation or by the Latin letter s for sample standard deviation. SD stands for standard deviation.
For loss
The random variable X's probability distribution is expressed as follows:
Loss (X) P(X) F(X)
0 0.97 0.97
750 0.03 1.00
E(X), often known as the expected value of X, is calculated as follows:
Loss (X) P(X) X × P(X)
0 0.97 0
750 0.03 22.5
Totals E(X) 22.5
the anticipated loss is $22.5. Following are the steps for computing X's standard deviation:
Loss (X) P(X) X × P(X) [X- E(X)]² × P(X)
0 0.97 0 491.06
750 0.03 22.5 15877.69
Totals 22.5 16368.75
E(X) Var(X)
SD(X) = √(Var(X)) = √(16368.75) = $127.94
Therefore, the standard deviation is the sum that each participant must contribute to the pooled fund in order to cover their losses.
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Question:
Amazon Prime Day occurs once a year, and a great deal of concern about cyber scammers exists. Let's assume that Matilda and Benicio are both Amazon shoppers. Let's further assume that each has a .03 (3% ) chance of losing money to a scammer. When the scammer succeeds, the loss is $750. Assume that Matilda and Benicio decide to share their losses equally. Further assume that their losses are uncorrelated.
If Matilda and Benicio both get scammed, how much will each person need to pay into the pot of pooled money in order to cover their losses?
if the company has an average collection period of 20 days and total sales of $2,520,000, what is the company's accounts receivable balance? (use a 360 day year). multiple choice question. $50,400,000 $126,000 $140,000 $350
The company's accounts receivable balance is $126,000. The correct option is C.
What are accounts receivable collections?The procedure of collecting debts due to a business is known as accounts receivable, or AR, collections. Finding the debtor must come first, followed by a method of getting in touch with them to request payment. If all else fails, the debt may be recovered by contacting collection agencies.
Given,
average collection period (ACP) = 20 Days
Sales = $2,520,000
Days = 360
Required to calculate accounts receivable balance =?
accounts receivable = Sales / Days x ACP
accounts receivable = 2,520,000 x 20 / 360
accounts receivable = $140,000
The number of days it will take to collect an average amount of accounts receivable is computed. The best way to determine this amount is to divide an annual A/R balance by net income for the same time period. The accounts receivable balance is $140,000.
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consider a firm that has issued the following types of securities: mortgage bonds, preferred stock, common stock, debentures, and subordinated debentures. for investors who own mortgage bonds, what's their order to have their claim paid in case of a bankruptcy?
The Correct Order is 1- Mortgage bonds
2- Debentures
3- Preferred stock
4- Common stock
Since common stockholders are regarded as the company's owners, they are paid last in the event of default, following the settlement of other debts.
Shares of preference are hybrid securities. In the event of default, they are paid before equity share holders, but after other liabilities have been settled.
Junior securities, such as subordinated debentures, are debutures that are ranked below senior debt or debt with collateralized assets.
Debentures are debt obligations that lack collateral and are therefore paid after obligations that have.
Bonds that are secured by an asset are known as mortgage bonds.
In the event of bankruptcy, mortgage bonds will initially be paid off.
Therefore, Correct order is in Option A
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Correct Question - If a firm were to experience financial insolvency, the legal system provides an order of hierarchy for
the payment of claims. Assume that a firm has the following outstanding securities: mortgage bonds,
common stock, debentures, and preferred stock. Rank the order in which investors that own mortgage bonds
would have their claim paid?
A) first
B) second
C) third
D) fourth
Four-year-old jewel thinks that all grown-ups are mommies or daddies. What has jewel used to classify adults in this way?.
Four-year-old jewel thinks that all grown-ups are mommies or daddies. Jewel has used the Superordinate Concept to classify adults in this way. See further explanation below.
What is the Superordinate Concept?Superordinate terms (also known as 'hypernyms,' 'anaphoric nouns,' or 'discourse-organizing words') are nouns that may represent an entire 'class' or 'category' of objects. As a result, a superordinate term serves as a 'umbrella' term, encompassing the meaning of other terms.
A concept is a mental classification of the world. Terms like "cat," "house," and "plate" may all signify different things to different people. However, categorizing them helps us to conserve memory space and swiftly form assumptions, predictions, and generalizations about the world around us.
Take, for example, the word "cat." Rather than instructing you to envision a cat approaching you, I might have stated, 'There's a four-legged animal with a wagging tail and hair that approaches and meows at you.' But that's quite a few words. It's far easier to rely on the notion of a cat, knowing that when I say "cat," you'll think of four legs, a tail, hair, and meowing. This is due to the fact that all of those features are connected with the notion of a cat.
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the secondary markets for capital market securities have facilitated economic growth in the u.s. because
Secondary markets for capital market securities have facilitated economic growth in the u.s. because they help provide marketability for capital market claims,increased people's willingness to buy capital market claims.
Marketability analysis examines how a certain property is predicted to fare in the marketplace. for the market's current need in that particular Marketability. increase Your Ability to Sell
Describe your accomplishments. Managers search for growth patterns in job candidates.
Be current. The abilities that are in demand change along with the corporate environment on a regular basis.
Improve your credentials; increase your duties;
Utilize a mentor.
Increases in the number and quality of the economic commodities and services that a society creates and consumes are referred to as economic growth. The definition of economic growth is simple, but quantifying it is rather challenging.
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when a zoning ordinance is revised, some existing land uses then fall outside the new zoning classification. these land uses are referred to as:
When a zoning ordinance is revised, some existing land uses then fall outside the new zoning classification. these land uses are referred to as: Non confirming uses.
When a zoning requirement is enacted or altered to forbid a certain use that was permissible before the change or enactment, a nonconforming use is produced. While most municipal zoning regulations describe nonconforming land uses, New York state statutes do not.
As an illustration, a typical municipal law would read as follows: "A nonconforming use is any use of a building, tract of land, or both, established on the effective date of this chapter, which does not comply to the use requirements of the district in which it is located.
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what revenue model involves charging customers to gain continuous access to a product or service?
A form of revenue model where businesses make money by selling premium goods and charging clients for ongoing access to a product or service. This income model relies on investments made voluntarily by clients or companies.
A company's revenue model dictates how it sets product and service prices. Revenue models prioritize the best ways to generate income based on what is provided and who pays for it. The easiest example of a revenue model is a well-known blog that makes money by selling adverts. Subscription, licensing, and markup is examples of common business models. The revenue model aids firms in choosing their revenue generation tactics, such as which revenue source to prioritize, identifying their target market, and setting prices for their goods.
A revenue model is a theoretical framework that identifies and describes the source of revenue for the business. It includes the target market for the product, sources, and value propositions for generating income.
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under the abnormal earnings approach of equity valuation, investors willingly pay a premium for those firms that:
Investors voluntarily pay a premium for companies that generate positive anomalous earnings under the abnormal earnings approach to stock pricing.
What methods are used to value equity?The abnormal earnings valuation model is a technique for calculating a company's equity value based on both its book value and its earnings. It examines whether management's choices will result in a company doing better or worse than predicted and is also referred to as the residual income model.
Present value, multiplier, and asset-based valuation models are the three main kinds of stock valuation models. Value is estimated by present worth models as the present value of anticipated future benefits. Based on a multiple of some fundamental variable, multiplier models assess intrinsic value.
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milo company manufactures beach umbrellas. the company is preparing detailed budgets for the third quarter and has assembled the following information to assist in the budget preparation:
Company is preparing detailed budgets for the third quarter and has assembled to assist in the budget preparation which is known as budget allocation.
Budget is all about preparation of annual financial statement where all the expenses,liabilities ,and income allocations are done in the beginning of the financial year and then according to the assembly of information.
Detailed budgets are prepared where there are diversified into various caters different departments under the same umbrella, company manufactures and other cost of production.
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Answer:
8-30 problem;-
solution to the problem is attached below
true or false: although many ideas are presented in the idea generation stage of the new-product development process, only a few of these ideas will ever become marketed products.
It is true that although many ideas are presented in the idea generation stage of the new-product development process, only a few of these ideas will ever become marketed products.
What is the new-product development process?The new-product development process can be described as the original idea of the product with respect to the market , this can be seen as the process that the new product needs to follow to get to the market so that the producer can make the profit that they want from the market.
It should be noted that this process comes inform of different stages where the maturity stage serves as the peak of ll the stages.
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suppose the current spot rate for the euro is $1.3427. a call option with an exercise price of $1.3550 is said to be
So, a call option with an exercise price of $1.3550 is said to be out-of-the-money.
What is call option?A call option, commonly referred to as a "call" in finance, is an agreement between the buyer and the seller to swap securities for one another at a certain price. The buyer of a call option has the right, but not the responsibility, to purchase an agreed-upon amount of a certain good or financial product (the underlying) from the option's seller at a specific time (the expiration date) for an agreed-upon price (the strike price). By doing this, the owner effectively acquires a long position in the specified asset. If the purchaser so chooses, the seller (or "writer") is obligated to sell the good or financial instrument to the purchaser. The seller now has a short position in the specified asset as a result.
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recently, josefina moved to a small beach town where she plans to start her own business selling homemade preserves, soaps, lotions, and candles. josefina’s business will be
In a case whereby Josefina moved to a small beach town where she plans to start her own business selling homemade, josefina’s business will be a sole proprietorship.
What is sole proprietorship business?The sole proprietorship business can be described as the business that is been owned as well as controlled by just an entity whereby the owner of the business is the one that is in charge of the company and will be responsible for the debt as well as having all the profit that can be gotten from the company.
It should be noted that in the case of Josefina she i the one that is operating the business because she is is the one that is making the lotion as well as the soap, that she will be selling which implies that every profit that will be made from business will be for her only and in the case whereby the business is running into debt she will be the one that will savage the situation.
Therefore option A correct.
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Check the missing options:
a sole proprietorship.
a partnership.
a private investment.
owned by stockholders.
what is the shape of the yield curve and what expectations are investors likely to have about future interest rates?
Since lending money for longer periods of time results in a higher fixed rate of return, the yield curve typically slopes upward.
Investors typically interpret shorter-term yields as a reflection of what they anticipate will happen to central bank policies in the near future.
What are the expectations and the yield curve's shape?
Investors are able to get a sense of the likely future course of interest rates by observing the curve's shape. Long-term securities have a higher yield on a normal upward sloping curve, whereas short-term securities have a higher yield on an inverted curve.
What does the yield curve look like?
The future changes in interest rates and economic activity can be predicted by looking at the yield curve's slope.The yield curve can take one of three primary forms:normal (a curve with an upward slope), inverted (a curve with a downward slope), and flat.
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Which is the most likely reason many managers doubt the effectiveness of performance appraisal systems?.
Managers question the effectiveness of performance appraisal systems since they are rarely adjusted.
A performance assessment system is a system that examines the quality and amount of work completed by employees and converts it into a study of the overall team's performance. It operates by collecting inputs and feedback on the employee's job and then converting it into an analytical sheet with the necessary actions and improvements.However, once-a-year performance appraisal systems are considered obsolete because they do not provide a complete picture of the employees' performance. It is difficult to understand the employees' regular progress because they are not adjusted or updated on a regular basis.Thus this is the reason why many managers doubt the effectiveness of performance appraisal systems.
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intellectual property rights are part of which element of pestel?
Intellectual property rights are part of which element of is Government policies, leadership, and change international trade policies, internal political challenges and trends; tax policy; and regulatory and deregulation tendencies are all examples of political influences.
Current and future economic growth; inflation and interest rates; job growth and unemployment; labor costs; the influence of globalization; consumer and company disposable income; and likely changes in the economic environment are all economic considerations.
Demographics (age, gender, race, family size); consumer attitudes, opinions, and purchasing patterns; population growth rate and employment patterns; socio-cultural shifts; ethnic and religious trends; and living standards are all examples of social elements.
Technological elements have an impact on marketing in three ways: new methods of creating goods and services new methods of distributing products and services and new methods of interacting with target markets.
Intellectual property (IP) is a type of property that incorporates intangible human intellect inventions. There are many different sorts of intellectual property, with some governments recognizing more than others. Copyright, patents, trademarks, and trade secrets are the most well-known types.
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Accounting data flow from the?
a. Balance sheet to the income statement.
b. Statement of owner's equity to the balance sheet.
c. Income statement to the statement of owner's equity.
d. Both b and c are correct.
Accounting data flow from the Statement of owner's equity to the balance sheet and Income statement to the statement of owner's equity.
The general ledger, every sub-leadger, invoices, bank statements, cash receipts, and checks are a few examples of accounting records. Accounting data come in a variety of formats, such as transactions, general ledgers, trial balances, diaries, and financial statements. Accounting is a process used to gather and present Accounting dataregarding a company's operations, finances, and cash flow.
Equity is referred to as "something that is fair and just" or as having the quality of being fair or unbiased.
Equitable treatment and results are what equity aims to promote. It is a technique for achieving equality. Everyone will receive the same treatment, opportunities, and promotion thanks to equity.
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Identify the roles in a typical buying center.
The roles in a typical buying center are originators, users, mentors and evaluators.
The originator, also known as the initiator, is frequently the initial step in the purchasing process. The first request to discover a solution is made by the originators. Users are the people who will eventually adopt or use the solution in their line of work. Originators frequently begin as users. Mentors are people who offer assistance with internal decision-making.
A stated set of criteria is used by evaluators to access the possibilities that are accessible for a solution. These frequently involve experts in competitive and technical analysis.
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on january 1, 2021, leo paid $15,000 for 5 percent of the stock in bls, an s corporation. in november, he loaned $8,000 to bls in return for a promissory note. bls generated a $600,000 operating loss in 2021.
According to a given situation, None of Leo's share of his income is included in his 2018 taxable income.
What is Taxable income?Any gross salary that is used to evaluate how much income you pay is referred to as taxable income. The main goal of taxation is to generate money to pay for massive public spending and develop infrastructure.
The BLS investment is not eligible to use the equity method because his participation share of the company is less than 20%. When dividends are paid out and the share's market price fluctuates, Leo will profit from the investment.
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The complete question is Probably
On January 1, 2017, Leo paid $15,000 for 5 percent of the stock in BLS, an S corporation. In November, he loaned $8,000 to BLS in return for a promissory note. BLS generated a $600,000 operating loss in 2017. BLS generated $408,000 ordinary business income in 2018. How much of Leo’s share of this income is included in his 2018 taxable income?