Annotation is the process of determining the location and function of genes and functional (e.g., regulatory) sequences within a genome sequence.
What is called annotation?Annotating is beneficial for a variety of reasons, depending on the type of text being read. Annotating a text for academic or professional purposes allows you to return to specific points for review. This could be because a specific passage section is unclear and needs to be clarified, or it could be because that section provides a starting point for analysis or research. It is much easier to return to a specific part of a text by keeping track of one's thoughts and questions while reading rather than attempting to remember a thought or question after the entire text has been read through.
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which domain of the a-b toxin binds to cell surface receptors on the host cell? which domain of the a-b toxin binds to cell surface receptors on the host cell? a domain a-b toxins do not bind to cell surfaces. b domain both the a and b domains have the ability to bind to cell surface receptors.
Cell surface receptors can be bound by both the A and B domains (option -b).
Which component of the AB toxin binds to the host cell's cell surface receptors?The binding/translocation domain (B-domain) of AB-toxins, in addition to the enzyme domain (A-domain), interacts specifically with a cell-surface receptor and aids in the toxin's internalization into cellular transport vesicles like endosomes.
Transferring plasmids from one bacterium to another causes lysogenic conversion. Because of the viral infection, lysogenic bacteria are inherently less virulent than non-lysogenic bacteria. The A component of A-B exotoxins binds to the host cell receptor to allow the B component to enter the cell.
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Gene (C) controls fur pigmentation in Himalayan rabbits. Although two rabbits may have the same genotype, a rabbit reared at temperatures above 30°C is all white, while a rabbit reared at temperatures below 30°C has black fur pigmentation on its ears, nose, and feet .
The gene C is ____________ at these higher temperatures. The gene fails to express the particular ___________ specified by the gene.
answer choices
active, phenotype
active, genotype
inactive, phenotype,
inactive, genotype
The gene C is inactive at these higher temperatures. The gene fails to express the particular phenotype specified by the gene.
Many traits are significantly influenced by their environment, and reaction norms describe how a trait manifests itself under various environmental conditions. A single genotype can produce various phenotypes in response to environmental changes, a phenomenon known as plasticity. Many phenotypic traits have been seen for it in a variety of organisms. Physiological or behavioral interactions with the environment can lead to phenotypic plasticity. A change in fitness is one potential result of phenotypic plasticity, and even in the absence of genetic modifications, this change may have an impact on the frequency of phenotypes in the population.
Hence, gene expression is influenced by environmental conditions.
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if diploid cells in cats (felis catus) typically contain 76 total chromosomes, how many total chromosomes will a cell contain after completion of both meiosis i and ii?
After Meiosis I and II, the cat will have 38 chromosomes.
A cat has 38 pairs of chromosomes, or 38 X 2 = 76 chromosomes. In the process of meiosis I, the two daughter cells of the cat will have 38 chromosomes as at the end of this process, each cell will have half the number of chromosomes. The chromosomes in the diploid cell resegregate to form haploid cells. Here, crossing over or recombination of genetic material occurs.
During meiosis II, the sister chromatids separate to form two different cells, forming four haploid cells. Here the dividing cell has only one set of homologous chromosome. No DNA replication occurs in this process. Thus, there are 38 chromosomes at the end of this process.
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How are eukaryotic genes regulated independently?.
Gene expression in eukaryotic cells is regulated by both repressors and transcriptional activators. Like their prokaryotic counterparts, eukaryotic repressors bind to specific DNA sequences and inhibit transcription.
What is gene regulation and what factors it?Gene regulation is the process used to control when, where and how much genes are expressed. This process can be complex and is carried out through various mechanisms, including regulatory proteins and chemical modifications of DNA. Environmental factors such as diet, temperature, oxygen levels, humidity, light cycle and the presence of mutagens all affect the genes expressed in animals and ultimately affect the animal's phenotype.What are the three types of gene regulation?Transcriptional control (whether and how much a gene is transcribed into mRNA) Translational control (whether and how much mRNA is translated into protein) Post-translational control (whether a protein is active or inactive, whether a protein is stable) Is it disassembled) )
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The nursing instructor asks the student to describe fetal circulation, specifically the ductus venosus. Which statement by the student indicates an understanding of the ductus venosus?
1.
"It connects the pulmonary artery to the aorta."
2.
"It is an opening between the right and left atria."
3.
"It connects the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava."
4.
"It connects the umbilical artery to the inferior vena cava."
"It connects the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava."
The ductus venosus connects the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava. The foramen ovale is a temporary opening between the right and left atria. The ductus arteriosus joins the aorta and the pulmonary artery.
The statement that indicates an understanding of the ductus venosus is: (3) It connects the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava.
Ductus venosus is a shunt-like system that facilitates the oxygenated blood in the umbilical vein to bypass the liver. This is essential for normal fetal circulation. Hence ductus venosus forms a very essential part of the fetal circulatory system.
Umbilical vein is the vein of the fetus present during pregnancy that transports oxygenated blood from the placenta into the growing fetus. Within a week after birth this umbilical vein is replaced by a fibrous cord called the round ligament of the liver.
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Which of the following do you expect if an individual is heterozygous for the sickle-cell trait? see conceptA. they will not develop sickle-cell diseaseB. they will show some symptoms of the disease because the allele that causes sickle-cell disease is not really recessiveC. they will be more apt to acquire a serious case of malariaD. they will have full-blown sickle-cell disease because the allele is dominantE. none of the listed choices are correct
An individual who is heterozygous for the sickle-cell trait will display some disease symptoms (Option-b). It is a widespread illness.
The sickle cell trait is what?Red blood cells with sickle cell disease are distorted, losing their characteristic circular shape.
Sickle cell disease is a genetic condition brought on by mutations that can be passed down through the generations.
Because sickle cell disease is a codominant condition, heterozygous people who have both normal and defective alleles express it.
Therefore, compared to normal homozygotes, heterozygotes are more resistant to the incapacitating effects of malaria. In many sickle-cell carriers, this heterozygote advantage outweighs the severe reproductive disadvantage of the more uncommon sickle-cell homozygotes.
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a bacterial cell that divides and produces two daughter cells gives its genetic material to both daughter cells. this is an example of horizontal gene transfer.
A bacterial cell that divides and produces two daughter cells and gives its genetic material to both daughter cells is an example vertical gene transfer.
What is vertical gene transfer?The inheritance of the parental gene to the progeny is referred to as vertical gene transfer. Prokaryotes, including bacteria and archaea, reproduce asexually by cell division or budding to produce identical progeny/daughter cells. The offspring cells' chromosomes are identical to those of the parent cells.
What is of horizontal gene transfer?
The movement of genetic material between unicellular and multicellular organisms without using DNA transmission from parent to offspring is known as horizontal gene transfer often referred to as lateral gene transfer. HGT has played a significant role in the evolution of numerous creatures.
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specificity of an antibody is due to the specificity of an antibody is due to the variable portions of the h and l chains. the constant portions of the h and l chains. the l chains. the h chains. its valence.
specificity of an antibody is due to the variable portions of the h and l chains.
Proteins called antibodies serve as your body's defense against foreign substances. Your immune system creates antibody, which attach to these foreign molecules and transport them out of your body. Immunoglobulin is a different term for antibody. Two heavy chains (green) and two light chains (yellow) are linked by disulfide bonds to form an immunoglobulin molecule. Each heavy chain is (more...) Antibodies include two different kinds of light chains, known as lambda and kappa. There are either chains or chains in a certain immunoglobulin, never one of each.
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The organelle pictured below may increase in number in response to changes within a muscle cell. Which situation would most likely result in increased numbers of this organelle?
an increase in energy use by the cell
The number of organelles pictured below can increase with increasing energy expenditure of the cell.
What are mitochondria?Mitochondria are organelles found in most eukaryotic cells such as animals, plants and fungi. Mitochondria have a double-membrane structure and generate adenosine triphosphate through aerobic respiration, which is used as a chemical energy source throughout the cell. Mitochondria are found in the cytoplasm of cells along with other organelles. As powerhouses in nearly all human cells (as well as animal, plant, and fungal cells), mitochondria are crucial in generating the energy that powers cellular function and basically all biological processes. play a role. The functions of mitochondria are:
ATP production. Perhaps the best-known role of mitochondria is the production of ATP, the energy currency of the cell.Calcium homeostasis.Regulation of innate immunity.Programmed cell death. Regulation of stem cells.Since mitochondrial fission is stimulated by energy demand, cells with high energy demand contain more of these organelles than cells with low energy demand.
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what role do the numerous bacterial species in the oral biofilm play in the development of gingivitis?
What processes during the cell cycle ensures appropriate cell growth and rates of division? malfunction of these processes can lead to uncontrolled growth and cancer.
Checkpoints cell check the DNA processes during the cell cycle ensures appropriate cell growth and rates of division.
What is the purpose of Check points in the cells ?Checkpoints in the cell cycle are there to make sure the mitotic process goes off without a hitch. In other words, checkpoints in cell cycles serve as a type of quality control to guarantee that the cycle's key events occur without error.
The interphase and the m phase, which is effectively the mitotic division phase, make up a typical cell cycle. Additional categories of the interphase include:
Cell development phase, G1 phaseDNA synthesis phase, or S phase.Phase G2: the start of protein synthesis.What are the check points in the normal cycle ?The three main checkpoints in a normal cell cycle are as follows:
G1 checkpoint: at this stage, the cell verifies that everything is in place for division to begin.Chromosome counts and DNA integrity are examined at the G2 checkpoint to ensure that division can take place.Before moving on to anaphase, the metaphase checkpoint is where it is determined whether all sister chromatids are correctly connected to spindles.Learn more about the Checkpoint here: https://brainly.com/question/14480100
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based on the morphology of the hand phalanx, orrorin tugenensis group of answer choices spent most of its time in trees. walked on all fours like a chimpanzee. regularly used tools. spent some time in trees.
Based on the morphology of the hand phalanx, orrorin tugenensis spent some time in trees.
What do you know about orrorin tugenensis?
Orrorin tugenensis is the one of the oldest early humans on our family tree. Individuals of this species were approximately the size of a chimpanzee and had small teeth with thick enamel, similar to modern humans. The most important fossil of this species is an upper femur, showing evidence of bone buildup typical of a biped - so Orrorin tugenensis individuals climbed trees but also probably walked upright with two legs on the ground.
From Orrorin's low, rounded molars and small canine teeth, paleoanthropologists can infer that this species ate mainly a plant-based diet. This probably included leaves, fruit, seeds, roots, nuts, and insects.
So far, Orrorin tugenensis is the only species in the genus Orrorin.
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What five things are true of all minerals?.
Answer:
Solid - All minerals will be solids at normal temperatures on Earth.
Naturally occurring - Minerals occur in nature. Solids that are made in a chemistry lab don't count as minerals.
Inorganic - Minerals don't come from plants, animals, or other living organisms.
Fixed chemical structure - Specific minerals will always have the same chemical formula. They will have the same combination of elements.
Crystalline structure.
udah folkman used which experimental model system to explore the relationship between tumor growth and angiogenesis?
Judah Folkman used a rabbit eye as an experimental model system to explore the relationship between tumor growth and angiogenesis. Thus the correct answer is option (A).
Judah Folkman used a rabbit eye as an experimental model system to explore the relationship between tumor growth and angiogenesis. A significant correlation is thought to exist between the number and density of blood vessels and the metastatic states, tumor size, histological type, and consequently degree of tumor malignancy because blood vessels are an important part of the tumor stroma and angiogenesis is a predictor of prognosis in many human neoplasms. Angiogenesis is a critical step in the progression of tumor growth and metastasis potential. Both normal tissues invading the tumor and angiogenic chemicals released by tumor cells cause the formation of new capillaries. Finding the mechanisms that mediate tumor growth and creating new vasculature are both necessary for tumor growth. Understanding angiogenesis enables us to diagnose the critical stage of tumor differentiation and organization as well as comprehend this pathological process.
The complete question is:
Judah Folkman used which experimental model system to explore the relationship between tumor growth and angiogenesis?
(A). A rabbit eye
(B). The colon
(C). Bone marrow
(D). Mouse skin
(E). Cultured fibroblasts
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What is an example of cell proliferation?.
Rapid proliferation of dermal fibroblasts to repair cuts and wounds is an example of cell proliferation.
Cell proliferation is the process by which cells grow and divide to produce two daughter cells. Cell proliferation is a rapid mechanism of tissue growth as it results in an exponential increase in cell number.
Proliferation is a physiological process of cell division that occurs in almost all tissues and leads to an increase in cell number.
Groups of cell proliferation:
(1) Highly differentiated neurons and cells in skeletal and cardiac muscle that rarely divide and regenerate.
(2) Progenitor or parent cells that continue to divide and proliferate, such as blood, skin, and hepatocytes.
(3) Undifferentiated stem cells that can enter the cell cycle and produce large numbers of progenitor cells as needed.
Growth factors are natural substances that can stimulate cell proliferation, wound healing, and sometimes cell differentiation. Usually it is a secretory protein or a steroid hormone. Growth factors are important in the regulation of various cellular processes.
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the mobilization of fatty acids via lipolysis predominates under all the following conditions except:a. low to moderate intensity exercise
b. low calories dieting or fasting
c. heat stress
d. prolonged exercise that depletes glycogen reserves
With the exception of low to moderate intensity exercise, lipolysis dominates the mobilization of fatty acids.
Which macronutrient serves as the body's main energy source during rest and light exercise?The main source of energy for low-intensity activities is fatty acids. Low-intensity activities can go on for a very long period because the body's fat reserves are practically limitless. A modest amount of glucose is used in addition to fatty acids.
What three energy systems are used during aerobic and anaerobic activity?The ATP-PC, anaerobic glycolysis, and aerobic energy systems are the three. To continue replenishing ATP, the energy systems collaborate with one another at the same time. One energy system will never be used exclusively.
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two normal parents have a child who has pku. what can you determine about the inheritance of the pku allele from this information?
The inheritance pattern of the disease from this example is autosomal reccesive type.
Both the mother and the father must possess the altered gene and pass it on to the offspring for PKU to be inherited. Autosomal recessive is the term used to describe this mode of inheritance. The disease must be autosomal recessive if any affected founding daughter has two unaffected parents. Both parents must possess the recessive gene in order for the affected person to inherit it the disease.
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Cystic fibrosis is a recessive disease that causes damage to the digestive system, lungs, and other organs of the body. cystic fibrosis is the result of deletion mutations that are inherited from both parents. which of the sample chromosomes shows an example of a deletion mutation?
Cystic fibrosis is a genetic condition marked by the accumulation of thick, sticky mucus, which can harm numerous internal organs. The respiratory system's gradual deterioration and persistent digestive system issues are the disorder's most typical indications and symptoms. Among those who are afflicted, the disorder's characteristics and severity vary.
The linings of the digestive, reproductive, and other organs and tissues are lubricated and protected by mucus, a slick fluid. The body creates mucus that is excessively thick and sticky in cystic fibrosis patients. This unusual mucus has the potential to obstruct the airways, which can cause serious breathing difficulties and bacterial infections in the lungs. Chronic coughing, wheezing, and inflammation are all symptoms of these illnesses.
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what is the study of the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and other organisms? group of answer choices multiple chemical sensitivity (mcs) biological accumulation epidemiology toxicology toxicity
Toxicology is the study of how chemicals can affect both people and other living things.
What is the importance of toxicology?The scientific study of harmful effects caused by chemicals on living things is known as toxicology. It entails keeping track of and documenting symptoms that appear after exposure to harmful chemicals. Typically, toxicity only occurs when a chemical that may be harmful reaches sensitive tissues, such the reproductive organs, in excess of a predetermined amount.
The processes by which these compounds cause toxicity will be investigated by toxicologists, as well as the methods for identifying these substances in diverse sample types. A further aspect of toxicology is determining the best ways to handle people or animals that have been exposed to specific poisons.Environmental toxins, naturally occurring chemicals, pharmaceutical compounds created for human use in medicine, and other substances are all evaluated by toxicologists.Know more about toxicology at:
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What is the relationship between genetics and variation?.
Natural selection and biological evolution are processes that depend on genetic variation. Natural selection does not take place, but genetic variations that develop in a population do.
DNA mutation, gene flow (the movement of genes from one population to another), and sexual reproduction are the main causes of genetic variation. Because environments are unstable, populations with genetic diversity will be better able to adapt to shifting conditions than populations without genetic diversity.Natural selection and biological evolution are processes that depend on genetic variety. Natural selection does not take place, but genetic variants that develop in a population do. Genetic variations in a population interact with the environment to produce natural selection. Which genetic variations are more advantageous or better adapted for survival depends on the environment. More advantageous traits are transmitted to the population as a whole as organisms with these environmentally selected genes live and reproduce.To know more about Genetic check the below link:
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small marine iguanas that live in the galapagos islands can sprint faster than large iguanas. currently, the only predators of marine iguanas are hawks, which are able to catch iguanas regardless of their size. if new predators (for example, cats) that preferentially catch and eat slower iguanas are introduced to the island, iguana body size is likely to in the absence of other factors; the iguanas would then be under selection.
Small marine iguanas that live in the Galápagos Islands can sprint faster than large iguanas. Currently, the only predators of marine iguanas are hawks, which are able to catch iguanas regardless of their size. If new predators (for example, cats) that preferentially catch and eat slower iguanas are introduced to the island, iguana body size is likely to decrease in the absence of other factors; the iguanas would then be under disruptive selection.
The Galapagos iguanas are thought to have shared a common ancestor who floated out to the islands on rafts of vegetation from the South American continent. The split between land and marine iguanas is thought to have occurred 10.5 million years ago.
Galapagos land iguanas are larger and more colorful than their marine cousins, with a dull golden yellow coloration. They eat tender cacti and fruit and are vegetarians. In addition, unlike marine iguanas, it is uncommon to see more than one at a time.
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prior to the work of chargaff, franklin, and watson and crick, select all that was known of dna structure?
DNA was known to be the genetic material of cells and to be composed of nucleotides that contained a central sugar and one of four nitrogenous-bases.
What are nucleotides?Nucleotides are one of the building blocks or building blocks of DNA and RNA. Nucleotides are bases (one of four chemical adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine) plus sugar and phosphate molecules. Nucleotides are organic molecules composed of nucleosides and phosphates. They serve as the monomeric units of nucleic acid polymers - deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid, both of which are essential biomolecules for all life on Earth.Nucleotides are organic molecules with a basic composition of a nitrogenous base, a pentose sugar and a phosphate. DNA and RNA are polynucleotides containing chains of nucleotide monomers with different nitrogenous bases. Nucleotides are necessary for carrying out metabolic and physiological functions.To learn more about nucleotides from the given link :
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The hiv virus attacks only a certain type of white blood cells, and not other cell types. Why?.
The virus needs to bind to a specific molecule on the cell surface, known as CD4, to access the cell. Therefore, it binds to a specific cell type .
What do you mean by HIV Virus ?
HIV can be defined as a virus that attacks the body's immune system. If not treated well it can lead to AIDS.It belongs to a class of viruses which is usually known as retroviruses. It uses RNA to encode their genetic information rather than DNA, as human cells do.Symptoms include Fever, Chills. Rash, Night sweats , Muscle aches.HIV treatment (antiretroviral therapy or ART) involves taking medicine as prescribed by a health care provider.To know more about HIV from the given link
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3.winogradsky columns form oxygen concentration gradients. predict the distribution of oxygen throughout the column
Over time, an oxygen grade develops from high at the top to fully anoxic( no oxygen) at the bottom of the column. The overlying air has the loftiest oxygen attention, and the attention decreases as you move down to the bottom of the column.
When a column is set, oxygen is unevenly distributed throughout the column. It's consumed by respiration throughout the column, but it's only produced in the photosynthetic subcaste at the top. Any oxygen that diffuses down into the deposition from the top reacts with chemical composites in the bottom.
The Winogradsky column, a fashion developed beforehand in the history of microbial ecology to enrich soil microbes, may thus be a useful model system to probe both microbial and viral ecology.
The Winogradsky column is used to view the microbial ecology of the soil and water of a lake or sluice. The column is useful in being suitable to cultivate microorganisms effectively for further study of ecology.
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Your brain is not constantly bombarded with signals telling it that you are wearing socks. This is because the touch receptors around your ankle are
phasic receptors and fast adapting
This is due to the phasic receptors, quickly adjusting touch receptors that surround your ankle.
What are the sensory receptors that keep track of joint position?Muscles, tendons, joint ligaments, and joint capsules all include proprioceptors. For bodily proprioception, there are no specialized sensory receptor cells. While exquisite touch ascends via the posterior column pathway, rough touch ascends via the anterior spinothalamic pathway.
What kind of receptor responds to pressure, strain, and vibration?Because their plasma membranes physically deform, mechanoreceptors can detect stimuli. They have mechanically gated ion channels, and pressure, contact, stretching, and sound cause the gates to open or close.
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the process by which new dna nucleotides are added to the existing dna chain using the enzyme dna polymerase is called dna
By using the DNA polymerase enzyme, DNA replication is the process by which new DNA nucleotides are added to the existing DNA chain.
What is the process for producing new DNA called?During replication, a double-stranded DNA molecule is copied to produce two identical DNA molecules. DNA replication is one of the most fundamental processes that occurs within a cell.
How can DNA replication add fresh nucleotides to an already long chain?One of the crucial elements in DNA replication is the enzyme DNA polymerase. DNA polymerases, which sequentially add nucleotides to the growing DNA chain while only integrating those that are complementary to the template, are responsible for the production of DNA. DNA replication is aided by four main enzymes. DNA replication, DNA polymerase, DNA ligase, primase, and helicase.
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what type of relationship (composition, aggregation, association, or dependency) do the following describe? an animal class that contains an animal type (enum) and name (string).
In compositional mapping relationships, data typically flows in only one direction (that is, from the whole classifier to the subclassifier).
Constitution. Association relationships are represented by arrows. Aggregation relationships are represented by straight lines with an empty diamond at one end. Compositional relationships are represented by straight lines with a black diamond at one end.
Associations are semantically weak relationships (semantic dependencies) between unrelated objects. An association is a "use" relationship between two or more objects, where the objects have their own lifetime and no owner.
Aggregation (also called containment) is a special form of association. It defines a one-way relationship that indicates a "has-a" relationship between two classes. For example, you can say that your wallet contains money. But the relationship is one-sided because money doesn't need a wallet to exist.
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The measurement of ________ compares the density of urine to the density of water.
The measurement of specific gravity compares the density of urine to the density of water.
What exactly is specific gravity?
Relative density, also known as specific gravity, is the ratio of a substance's density (mass per unit volume) to the density of a given reference material.
Specific gravity is almost always measured in relation to water at its densest (at 4 °C or 39.2 °F); for gases, the reference is room temperature air (20 °C or 68 °F). In scientific circles, the term "relative density" (often abbreviated r.d. or RD) is often preferred, whereas the term "specific gravity" is frowned upon.
If the relative density of a substance is less than one, it is less dense than the reference; if it is greater than one, it is denser than the reference. The densities are equal if the relative density is exactly one; that is, equal volumes of the two substances have the same mass.
If water is used as the reference material, then any substance with a relative density (or specific gravity) less than one will float in it. An ice cube, for example, with a relative density of about 0.91 will float. A substance that has a relative density greater than one sinks.
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animals have many ways to thermoregulate. please select an animal of your choice and briefly describe a behavioral and a physiological adaptation that this animal uses to stay cool
Komodo dragons are one of the animals that are included in thermoregulation.
Thermoregulation in Komodo DragonsThermoregulation is the ability of living things to regulate or maintain their body temperature so that it is always within the optimal range. Thermoregulation plays an important role in maintaining the body's homeostasis so that enzymes, hormones and other body metabolism work so that the body's physiology can run normally.
Komodo dragons are cold-blooded animals that cannot regulate their own body temperature so they depend on the temperature of the environment in which they are located. Komodo dragons maintain their body temperature through behavioral adaptations by basking and sheltering. Komodo does not have sweat glands. The physiological adaptation by the Komodo dragon is to utilize the ambient temperature to help regulate body temperature according to its body's metabolism.
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Which one of the following reasons is not typically why athletes strive for lower body weight and lower body fat?.
To improve appearance is the the following reasons is basically not typically why the athletes strive for the lower body weight and the lower body fat
Body fat Typically, male athletes will have between 6-13% body fat, and female athletes will have 14-20% body fat. In this post, discover how to calculate body fat percentage as well as the typical body fat percentages of different athletes. Men and women need different amounts of fat. For a man, 2–5% fat is essential, 2–24% fat is considered healthy, and more than 25% classifies as obesity. For a woman, 10–13% fat is essential, 10–31% fat is healthy, and more than 32% classifies as obesity. The reduction of non-essential body fat contributes to the development of muscle and cardiorespiratory endurance, speed and agility. Added body weight (in the form of non-essential fat) increases the athlete's resistance to movement, and the athlete increases muscle contractile force per given workload.
Question seems incomplete the complete question is :
Which one of the following are the reasons which is not typically why the athletes strive for the lower body weight and the lower body fat?
A. To feel better
B. To improve appearance
C. To enhance performance
D. To qualify in a lower weight category
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