The statement is True. The residual dividend model is a dividend policy that determines how much of a company's earnings should be paid out as dividends and how much should be retained for reinvestment.
The residual dividend model is a dividend policy that determines how much of a company's earnings should be paid out as dividends and how much should be retained for reinvestment. The model assumes that investors are indifferent between dividends and capital gains and that the company's goal is to maximize shareholder wealth.
Under the residual dividend model, a company first determines its optimal capital budget, which is the amount of money it needs to invest in order to maximize its value. The company then determines the amount of equity it needs to finance its capital budget. If the company has enough retained earnings to meet its equity requirements, then it will pay out no dividends. However, if the company's retained earnings are not enough to meet its equity requirements, then it will pay out dividends until its equity requirements are met. Any earnings that remain after the company has met its equity requirements are paid out as dividends.
In other words, under the residual dividend model, dividends are paid out only if earnings exceed the amount of equity needed to finance the capital budget.
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If the value of owner’s equity is initially $10,000, calculate the value of owner’s equity after the following transactions: cash revenues $9,000, prepay rent $3,000, pay bank loan principle $2,000, pay maintenance fees $4,000 and buy a computer on account for $1,000.
A. $13,000
B. $9,000
C. $11,000
D. $15,000
The value of owner's equity after the transactions is $15,000.
To calculate the value of owner's equity after the transactions, we need to consider the effect of each transaction on owner's equity.
Cash revenues of $9,000: This transaction increases owner's equity because it represents an inflow of cash into the business.
Prepay rent of $3,000: This transaction does not directly impact owner's equity. It involves the prepayment of an expense and is recorded as a prepaid rent asset.
Pay bank loan principal of $2,000: This transaction does not directly impact owner's equity. It reduces the liability (bank loan) but does not affect the owner's investment in the business.
Pay maintenance fees of $4,000: This transaction reduces owner's equity because it represents an outflow of cash for expenses.
Buy a computer on account for $1,000: This transaction does not directly impact owner's equity. It involves the acquisition of an asset (computer) on credit, which increases both assets and liabilities but does not affect owner's equity.
Considering the above transactions, the increase in owner's equity from cash revenues ($9,000) is offset by the decrease from paying maintenance fees ($4,000). Therefore, the net effect on owner's equity is an increase of $5,000 ($9,000 - $4,000).
Starting with an initial owner's equity of $10,000, the final value of owner's equity after the transactions would be $10,000 + $5,000 = $15,000.
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Jasnah is an entrepreneur who creates and sells unique jewelry pieces on Etsy. She wants to create a new type of jewelry, but wants to make sure it is something that will be of interest to her customers. Specifically, she wants to find out consumer interest in different types of necklaces, bracelets, and earrings for her target market, which consists of women in their 20s who are fashion-conscious, have a moderate budget, and enjoy learning, thinking, and reading. To recruit participants, she sends an email to her past customer list and offers a $5 off coupon on their next purchase for completing the survey.
Her relevant questions include, "Which of the following items have you purchased from Jasnah’s Jewelry?" The question then lists each of the items for sale in her shop, with a yes/no option for each. For each "yes" item, the next questions ask, "How much did you like this item, on a scale from 1-10?" "How likely would you be to purchase another piece of jewelry similar to this one, on a scale from 1-10?"
Which of the following facets of the survey methods might lead to nonresponse error?
A. If the sample of individuals who responds happens to be different from the target population just by chance
B. If Jasnah’s target market of all women in their 20s who are fashion-conscious, have a moderate budget, and enjoy learning, thinking, and reading is systematically different from the people on Jasnah’s past customer list
C. If the people who answer the survey are unable or unwilling to give a fully correct answer to the questions asked due to the question wording and mental effort required
D. If the people who are incentivized to respond by a $5 off coupon are systematically different in their liking of Jasnah’s Jewelry than people who are not incentivized to respond by a $5 off coupon
The facet of the survey methods that might lead to nonresponse error is option D.
Nonresponse error refers to the possibility that the individuals who choose not to respond to a survey may have different characteristics compared to those who do respond. In this case, option D states that the people who are incentivized to respond by a $5 off coupon may be systematically different in their liking of Jasnah's Jewelry than those who are not incentivized.
When participants are offered an incentive to complete a survey, it can attract a specific subset of individuals who may have a stronger liking for the product or service being offered. In this scenario, the $5 off coupon may encourage individuals who are more enthusiastic about Jasnah's Jewelry to respond, while those who are less interested may choose not to participate.
This could result in a nonresponse error because the characteristics and preferences of the individuals who respond to the survey may not be representative of Jasnah's target market as a whole. The respondents who are motivated by the coupon may exhibit a bias towards positive opinions about the jewelry, skewing the survey results.
To minimize nonresponse error, it is important to ensure that the survey sample is as representative as possible of the target population. In this case, Jasnah should consider employing additional methods to recruit participants, such as reaching out to a broader audience beyond her past customer list. By diversifying the sample, she can obtain a more accurate understanding of consumer interest in different types of jewelry among her target market.
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To illustrate the calculation of par stock. Assume that an economy hotel has 25 rooms, with a bed capacity of 17 double beds, and 15 single beds. Compute the par stock for bed linen and pillow case.
Par stock is the minimum quantity of goods that an establishment must keep on hand at all times. As a result, it is computed by determining .the number of goods consumed in a given day.
The par stock for bed linen and pillowcase with the given data are as follows:Step-by-step solution:Given,The economy hotel has 25 roomsBed capacity of 17 double beds and 15 single bedsCompute the par stock for bed linen and pillow case.To calculate the par stock, we need to find out how many bed linens and pillowcases are required to serve the guests in the hotel.
Let the occupancy rate be 100%, then the number of guests can be calculated as follows:Number of guests = number of rooms × bed capacity= 25 × (17 + 15) = 25 × 32 = 800 guestsSince each guest will be given a pillowcase and a bed sheet to use, the number of pillowcases and bed linen needed would be 800.
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"
Which Entity can be used to evaluate the cost of employee
development efforts and its effectiveness in a company?
a. Time worked
b. Skills
c. Time used
d. Training
"
Training is the entity that can be used to evaluate the cost of employee development efforts and its effectiveness in a company.Training is a systematic activity directed towards imparting knowledge.
Skill to a person or employee. It is an essential activity for employee development in any organization. It involves the process of enhancing knowledge and skills, technical, theoretical, and practical abilities of an individual or group of people.
Training programs are beneficial for both employees and the organization. It helps to increase productivity and efficiency in employees and also helps to create a competitive advantage for the organization. Therefore, organizations must evaluate their training programs to ensure that they are effective and provide value for their money spent on employee development efforts
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17-23 Please Help
3/4 | 80% +BO ( ) 17. A commercial bank of Taiwan creates money when it does all the following except (A) puts cash in its ATMs; (B) makes loans; (C) creates deposits; (D) decreases its excess reserve
The answer to the question is (D), decreases its excess reserve.
A commercial bank creates money when it makes loans or puts cash in its ATMs, but not when it decreases its excess reserve.
When a commercial bank makes a loan, it creates money because it creates a new deposit for the borrower. When a commercial bank puts cash in its ATMs, it also creates money because it increases the amount of cash in circulation. However, when a commercial bank decreases its excess reserve, it is not creating money. Excess reserves are the amount of money that a commercial bank holds in excess of the amount required by the central bank. When a commercial bank decreases its excess reserve, it is simply transferring money from its excess reserve account to its lending account. This does not create new money, it simply moves money from one account to another.
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Explain what relationships are shown by (a) the consumption
schedule, (b) the saving schedule, and (c) the investment schedule.
Use relevant diagrams to support your answer. [15 marks]
The consumption, saving, and investment schedules are essential tools for analyzing the impact of changes in aggregate demand on macroeconomic performance. Let's examine each schedule and its relationship with disposable income.
(a) Consumption Schedule:
The consumption schedule depicts the relationship between disposable income and consumption expenditure, assuming all other factors influencing consumption remain constant. It demonstrates a direct relationship, where an increase in disposable income leads to an increase in consumption expenditure. The slope of the consumption schedule represents the marginal propensity to consume (MPC), which indicates the proportion of additional income that is spent on consumption. A higher MPC indicates a steeper slope, meaning households spend a larger proportion of any additional income, while a lower MPC results in a flatter slope, indicating a larger portion of income is saved.
(b) Saving Schedule:
The saving schedule shows the relationship between disposable income and savings, assuming all other determinants of saving remain constant. It demonstrates an inverse relationship, where higher disposable income leads to lower savings, and vice versa. The slope of the saving schedule represents the marginal propensity to save (MPS), which indicates the proportion of additional income that is saved. A higher MPS results in a steeper slope, indicating a larger proportion of additional income is saved, while a lower MPS leads to a flatter slope, indicating a smaller portion of income is saved.
(c) Investment Schedule:
The investment schedule displays the relationship between the interest rate and investment, assuming all other factors affecting investment remain constant. It demonstrates a negative relationship, where a higher interest rate leads to lower investment, and a lower interest rate leads to higher investment. The slope of the investment schedule represents the marginal efficiency of investment (MEI), which reflects the expected rate of return on an additional unit of investment. A higher MEI results in a steeper slope, indicating firms anticipate higher profitability and are more willing to invest, while a lower MEI leads to a flatter slope, indicating lower expected returns and reduced investment.
In summary, the consumption, saving, and investment schedules play crucial roles in understanding the relationship between disposable income and macroeconomic variables. The consumption schedule shows the relationship between disposable income and consumption expenditure, the saving schedule depicts the relationship between disposable income and savings, and the investment schedule illustrates the relationship between the interest rate and investment. Together, these schedules provide insights into the spending and saving patterns of households and the investment decisions of firms. By analyzing their intersections, we can determine the equilibrium level of income and output in the economy.
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The relatively few activities that make a difference between a firm having and not having a competitive advantage are known as: a key success factors b activity maps c response strategy d SWOT e global profile
The relatively few activities that make a difference between a firm having and not having a competitive advantage are known as key success factors.What are key success factors?Key Success Factors (KSFs) refer to those few activities that are vital to the success of a company.
These are the activities or practices that are needed to ensure that a company outperforms its competition. A company may have several competitive advantages, but the critical factors that distinguish it from its competitors are the KSFs. These are the essential factors that a company must perform exceptionally well to succeed.
What is Competitive Advantage?A company's ability to produce goods or services better than its rivals and generate more significant profit margins is known as a competitive advantage. Competitive advantage is the ability to outperform rivals by creating superior value for customers. It is the product or service that is more desirable to consumers than those offered by the competition.
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December 31, 2017. QS 3-12Preparing December 2017 3 Sun Mon Tue 10 17 24 31 11 18 the anndar financial statements, record the adjusting journal entry on adjusting entries (annual)-accrued salaries expense L04 January 2018 4 5 0 F 12 19 30 26 27 25 December Wed Thu 13 1 8 15 Sat 2 19 14 21 22 28 29 343 16 23 R January Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu 2 3 14 L T B 15 14 21 22 78 24 4 10 16 17 23 30 11 31 24 29 5 12 119 Sat 6 13 20 26 27 Salary expense incurred Payday Yara Clothing (Yara), a retail store at the mall, hires a number of employees to work 7 days a week. Yara's owes its employee wages for the period of December 31, 2017 to January 13, 2018 (14 days) for $5,600. The wages owed are equal each day and the employees will be paid on January 15, 2018. Yara prepares annual financial statements and has a December 31 year-end. a How much does Yara owe its employees per day? b. How many days are between December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2017? c. In order to prepare the annual financial statements, record the adjusting journal entry on December 31, 2017. Record the payment of wages on January 15, 2018
Yara owes its employees $400 per day. The total number of days between December 31, 2017, and January 13, 2018, is 14 days. To prepare the annual financial statements, Yara needs to record an adjusting journal entry on December 31, 2017, and then make the payment of wages on January 15, 2018.
Yara owes its employees $400 per day for the period of December 31, 2017, to January 13, 2018. This means that each day, the total amount owed to the employees is $400.
The calculation is straightforward: the total amount owed ($5,600) divided by the number of days (14). This gives us the daily wage of $400. It is important for Yara to accurately calculate and record the daily wages owed to its employees to ensure proper financial reporting and payment management.
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Boxing Co. is considering a project with Thailand's government. If it accepts the project, it will definitely receive one lump sum cash flow of 1 million Thai baht in five years. The spot rate of the Thai baht is $0.03. The annualized interest rate for a 3-year period is 14% in the U.S. and 7% in Thailand. Interest rate parity exists. Boxing plans to hedge its cash flows with a forward contract. What is the dollar amount of cash flows that Boxing will receive in five years if it accepts this project? O a. $50,900 O b. $36,300 O c. $47,300 O d. $51,200
Answer:Boxing will receive $51,200 of cash flows in five years if it accepts this project.Explanation:As interest rate parity exists, the Thai baht forward rate is calculated as follows:1 + rTH = ((1 + rUS) * (1 + f))/S0.
This can be solved for f as:f = (S0 x (1 + rUS)/ (1 + rTH) - S0. We have, rUS = 14% and rTH = 7%. Thus,[tex]f = ($0.03 x (1 + 0.14)/ (1 + 0.07) - $0.03 = $0.002929[/tex].As the spot rate is $0.03, the forward rate for the Thai baht is $0.032929.Boxing will receive one lump sum cash flow of 1 million Thai baht in five years.
This can be converted into U.S. dollars using the forward rate.1 million Thai baht x $0.032929/Thai baht = $32,929. Thus, Boxing will receive $32,929 after five years.The dollar amount of cash flows that Boxing will receive in five years is $32,929.
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Valerie and Brian have met with you yesterday for their first appointment to seek financial advice for their situation.
Some of the key estate planning issues arising from the data collection process during the meeting are as follows:
Brian is age 75 and has 4 adult children from a previous marriage
Valerie is 65 and has 3 adult children from her first marriage
Valerie and Brian own their home as joint tenants
They have not issued Power of Attorney to anyone
They each made a will about ten years ago which benefits each other however they are unsure as to what their wills state should happen if the other predeceases them
Their primary assets are the house and around $600,000 of investment capital
Brian has been increasingly unwell with emphysema from his years as a smoker and has been hospitalised several times in recent years. Valerie said she is otherwise well, although she mentioned she has a heart pacemaker. At the first meeting, you asked them why the house had been bought as joint tenants? They didn’t understand the significance of the question so you explained it to them.
The meeting ended well with your commitment to prepare a Statement of Advice and meet with them again to present it one month from now.
The next day Valerie called you when Brian was outside gardening. She opened the phone conversation by saying she wants to be sure her three children receive her share of the assets that she and Brian own. She went on to say that when their relationship commenced about 15 years earlier, Brian brought just $50,000 or so of investment capital to the relationship. Valerie also mentioned that the money from their current home had come from the sale of the house which she and her first husband (deceased) owned. In short, your explanation of the house ownership had kept her awake with worry last night.
Q1. You have had a long discussion with the couple. What concerns you hold for the clients’ situation and outline how you would look to address them to better achieve the clients’ wishes.
Q2. It is important that the process and client meetings are well planned documented. It is also critical that sufficient information and evidence is gathered. With a good plan, it is possible that the information which comes to light the day after the first meeting, might have been gained during that first meeting? Discuss what should have happened during the first meeting?
Q3. As you might have come across, one of the clients phones you the day after the meeting — what liability might have arisen for you and your licensee if she had not phoned you with the information; where might the legal liability have arisen from?
Q4. While talking to a friend who works for Public Truste, Valerie & Brian were told that everyone should review their Will frequently. What are some of the reasons why a Will should be reviewed?
The concerns for the clients' financial situation include the uncertainty regarding the distribution of assets, lack of Power of Attorney, unclear provisions in their wills, and potential legal liabilities.
In the first meeting, it is essential to gather comprehensive information about the clients' financial situation, family dynamics, and estate planning goals. This includes discussing their wills, assets, and any concerns they may have. By addressing these topics upfront, the advisor can provide tailored advice and recommendations that align with the clients' wishes. It is crucial to create a safe and open environment where clients feel comfortable sharing important details. When Valerie contacted the advisor the next day, it highlights the importance of thorough information gathering and effective communication. Had she not shared the information about the source of the house and their initial investments.
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In its first month of operations, Monty Corp. made three purchases of merchandise in the following sequence: (1) 150 units at $9. (2) 500 units at $10, and (3)150 units at $11. Assuming there are 350 units on hand, compute the cost of the ending inventory under the (a) FIFO method and (b) LIFO method.
In this case, under the FIFO method, the cost of the ending inventory is $5,350, whereas, under the LIFO method, it is $4,650.
Monty Corp. made three purchases of merchandise in the following sequence during its first month of operations:150 units at $9, 500 units at $10, and 150 units at $11, and there are 350 units on hand.
The cost of the ending inventory is computed under the FIFO method and LIFO method. Let us discuss them below. FIFO (First in First Out) methodIn FIFO, the first products bought are the first ones to be sold. Under FIFO, the cost of products sold is calculated using the cost of the earliest goods available for sale.
The cost of the ending inventory is calculated using the latest purchase cost and the remaining products. Therefore, to calculate the cost of ending inventory under FIFO method, we will use the cost of the last purchase. Given that there are 350 units on hand, we will compute ending inventory cost as follows:Purchase cost of 150 units at $9 = $1,350
Purchase cost of 500 units at $10 = $5,000Purchase cost of 150 units at $11 = $1,650 Total cost of all purchases = $8,000The cost of the ending inventory under FIFO method= (350 × $11) + (150 × $10)= $3,850 + $1,500= $5,350LIFO (Last in First Out) method
In LIFO, the latest products bought are the first ones to be sold. Under LIFO, the cost of products sold is calculated using the cost of the most recent goods available for sale.
Purchase cost of 150 units at $9 = $1,350Purchase cost of 500 units at $10 = $5,000Total cost of all purchases = $6,350The cost of the ending inventory under LIFO method= (350 × $9) + (150 × $10)= $3,150 + $1,500= $4,650 '
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You are a newly hired medical coding specialist working for a large regional physician group practice. Shortly after being hired, you are informed that the practice is behind on filing claims. It has been determined that the delay in filling claims is due to delinquent physician documentation. You inform the practice that reimbursements are in jeopardy due to timely filling standards. The coding manager verbally instructs you to take the following actions in relation to the problem: • She instructs you not to wait until the physician completes his or her documentation if the encounter occurred more than 15 business days prior to the calendar date • She instructs you to use the condition on the billing sheet or triage sheet to abstract your first listed diagnosis code if physician has not documented the first listed diagnosis yet • She instructs you to cut and paste from prior EHR notes making it easier for the physician to complete his or her documentation • She instructs you to blindly code for the mid-level outpatient Evaluation and Management CPT code if the document is incomplete or missing. 1- What is the ethical question in the case scenario 2- What are the facts associated with the case scenario 3- Who are the stakeholders in this case 4- What are the newly hired coding specialists' options in this case 5- What actions should the newly hired coding specialists take in this case 6- How can this situation be prevented in the future
1- The ethical question in this case scenario is whether the newly hired coding specialist should follow the instructions given by the coding manager, which involve compromising ethical standards for accurate and complete medical coding.
2- The facts associated with the case scenario are:
The practice is behind on filing claims due to delinquent physician documentation.
Timely filing standards are not being met, which puts reimbursements at risk.
The coding manager has given specific instructions to the newly hired coding specialist to bypass waiting for complete physician documentation, abstract diagnosis codes from billing or triage sheets, cut and paste from prior EHR notes, and blindly code for a mid-level outpatient E&M CPT code when the document is incomplete or missing.
3- The stakeholders in this case include:
The newly hired coding specialist
The coding manager
The physicians in the practice
The patients receiving medical services
The insurance companies or payers responsible for reimbursing the practice
4- The newly hired coding specialist's options in this case include:
Following the instructions given by the coding manager, compromising ethical standards for accurate and complete coding.
Discussing concerns with the coding manager and seeking clarification or alternative solutions.
Consulting with a professional organization or regulatory body for guidance on ethical coding practices.
Reporting the situation to higher-level management or authorities if the unethical practices persist or pose significant risks.
5- The newly hired coding specialist should:
Express concerns to the coding manager about the instructions given, citing the potential ethical issues and risks involved.
Seek clarification from the coding manager regarding the importance of accurate and complete documentation for coding and reimbursement purposes.
Suggest alternative solutions that focus on improving physician documentation and addressing the underlying causes of the delays.
If the coding manager insists on unethical practices, consider reporting the situation to higher-level management or relevant authorities.
6- To prevent this situation in the future, the practice can:
Provide proper training and education to physicians on the importance of timely and accurate documentation for coding and reimbursement purposes.
Implement processes and workflows to ensure timely completion of physician documentation.
Establish clear coding guidelines and ethical standards for the coding team to follow.
Encourage open communication between coding specialists and physicians to address any issues or questions regarding documentation requirements.
Regularly audit and review coding practices to identify and address any potential ethical concerns or compliance issues.
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Candice Willis will invest $33,200 today. She needs $199,200 in 21 years. Click here to view factor tables What annual interestrate must she earn? (Round answer to 0 decimal places, eg. 7%.)
Candice needs to earn an annual interest rate of approximately 11.26% to accumulate $199,200 in 21 years with an initial investment of $33,200.
To calculate the annual interest rate Candice Willis needs to earn, we can use the formula for future value of an investment:
Future Value = Present Value * (1 + Interest Rate)^Time
In this case, Candice wants to accumulate $199,200 in 21 years, and she plans to invest $33,200 today.
We can rearrange the formula to solve for the interest rate:
Interest Rate = (Future Value / Present Value)^(1/Time) - 1
Plugging in the values:
Interest Rate = ($199,200 / $33,200)^(1/21) - 1
Simplifying the calculation:
Interest Rate = (6)^(1/21) - 1
Using a calculator, we find that the interest rate is approximately 0.1126 or 11.26% (rounded to 0 decimal places).
Therefore, Candice needs to earn an annual interest rate of approximately 11.26% to accumulate $199,200 in 21 years with an initial investment of $33,200.
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CASE STUDY: Sasol recently donated COVID-19 medical resources to the value of approximately R1.7 million to the KwaZulu-Natal Department of Health (KZN DoH). The donation comprised a mobile clinic, vaccination cold storage containers, laptops, gazebos and temperature loggers. This is to assist government in accelerating vaccine uptake, in line with the Vooma vaccination drive, as the country continues to fight the spread of the coronavirus. Since the outbreak of the pandemic, Sasol has been supporting the Mpumalanga, Gauteng and Free State Governments with their vaccination drives. This approach is underscored by Sasol’s commitment to ensuring the health and safety of its employees, families, and communities. Sasol is committed to partner on government initiatives that advance access and inclusion to quality health care provision. Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, Sasol produced and donated more than 1, 6 million litres of alcohol-based sanitiser to frontline workers in hospitals, clinics and communities to date. QUESTION: Identify and explain the benefits of corporate citizenship that could result from SASOL’s community engagement project.
Sasol's community engagement projects could benefit corporate citizenship in several ways, as outlined below:Improved public perception: By contributing to the public welfare and promoting the common good, Sasol could enhance its public reputation and boost positive brand recognition.
The community views the company as an important participant in civic affairs because of its dedication to community wellbeing.Increased motivation and job satisfaction: Participating in community activities and initiatives can help to increase employee engagement and satisfaction. Employees can develop a sense of pride in working for a business that is actively interested in assisting local communities. By volunteering their time and resources to these events, employees may also feel that they are contributing to something important and meaningful.
Social benefits: When companies collaborate with public organizations to address social issues, they have a positive effect on society. Sasol's commitment to working with government initiatives ensures that quality health care is available to all residents in the regions where it operates. The donation of medical resources to the KZN Department of Health, for example, would help accelerate vaccination uptake and control the spread of coronavirus.Job creation and community development: Sasol's involvement in community events and programs fosters a culture of community participation and involvement. Through these activities, Sasol can help to encourage the development of a new crop of business leaders who are committed to corporate social responsibility. In addition, by partnering with government organizations and community groups to address community problems, Sasol can assist in the creation of jobs and improve the overall economic environment.
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We define employees’ performance levels as A, B, and C levels. A Performers are defined as superstars, B Performers as steady with potential to become A Players, and C Players as marginal (needing remediation). How does an effective performance management system contribute to real performance differentiation among different levels of performance?
An effective performance management system contributes by setting clear standards, using objective assessment methods, providing feedback and coaching, linking rewards to performance, and offering development opportunities.
An effective performance management system plays a crucial role in differentiating employees' performance levels.
1. Clear Performance Standards: A well-designed performance management system sets clear performance standards for each level (A, B, and C). These standards outline the expectations and behaviors associated with each level, providing employees with a clear understanding of what is required to achieve higher performance levels.
2. Objective Assessment: The system incorporates objective assessment methods, such as goal setting, performance reviews, and metrics, to evaluate employees' performance. This ensures that evaluations are based on concrete evidence rather than subjective opinions, promoting fairness and accuracy.
3. Feedback and Coaching: The system includes regular feedback and coaching sessions between managers and employees. This allows managers to provide constructive feedback, address performance gaps, and help employees develop the skills and competencies needed to move up to higher levels.
4. Rewards and Recognition: An effective performance management system links rewards and recognition to performance differentiation. High performers (A Players) are acknowledged and rewarded, motivating them to maintain their exceptional performance. Meanwhile, underperformers (C Players) receive appropriate feedback and support for improvement.
5. Development Opportunities: The system identifies development opportunities for employees based on their performance level. A Players may be offered challenging assignments or leadership roles, while B Players are provided with growth opportunities to bridge the gap between their current level and the A level.
In conclusion, an effective performance management system contributes to real performance differentiation by setting clear standards, using objective assessment methods, providing feedback and coaching, linking rewards to performance, and offering development opportunities. This helps in identifying and nurturing superstars (A Players), steadily improving B Players, and addressing the performance gaps of marginal performers (C Players).
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1.When using a job cost system, which of the following will not
appear on a job cost sheet?
a- None of the answer choices is correct.
b- Manufacturing overhead applied.
c- Direct materials.
d- Actual
The correct option is d- Actual. When using a job cost system, actual will not appear on a job cost sheet.
In a job cost system, a job cost sheet is used to accumulate all the costs associated with a specific job or project. It serves as a record of direct materials, direct labor, and manufacturing overhead costs incurred for that particular job. The job cost sheet helps in tracking and calculating the total cost of each job.
Among the given answer choices, "d- Actual" will not appear on a job cost sheet. The term "Actual" typically refers to the actual costs incurred during the production process, such as actual direct materials, actual direct labor, and actual manufacturing overhead. However, these actual costs are precisely what the job cost sheet aims to capture and record.
The job cost sheet primarily includes direct materials, direct labor, and manufacturing overhead applied to a particular job. Direct materials represent the cost of materials specifically identified with the job, direct labor represents the wages of employees directly working on the job, and manufacturing overhead applied refers to the estimated overhead costs allocated to the job based on a predetermined rate.
On the other hand, "Actual" costs would be used for variance analysis and performance evaluation purposes rather than being included directly on the job cost sheet.
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Jack's Back Porch manufactures rustic furniture. The cost accounting system estimates manufacturing costs to be $270 per table, consisting of 70% variable costs and 30% fixed costs. The company has surplus capacity available. It is Jack's Back Porch's policy to add a 80% markup to full costs. A large hotel chain is currently expanding and has decided to decorate all new hotels using the rustic style. Jack's Back Porch is invited to submit a bid to the hotel chain. What per unit price will Jack's Back Porch most likely bid on this long-term order? A. $340,00 per unit B. $146.00 per unit C. $216.00 per unit D. $486.00 per unit
Jack's Back Porch would most likely bid $486.00 per unit on this long-term order, which is option D.The manufacturing cost per table is estimated to be $270, with 70% of it being variable costs and 30% being fixed costs. This means that for each table produced, $189 (70% of $270) accounts for variable costs, while $81 .
To determine the per unit price that Jack's Back Porch would most likely bid on the long-term order for the rustic furniture, we need to consider the cost estimation, the desired markup, and the company's surplus capacity.
The manufacturing cost per table is estimated to be $270, consisting of 70% variable costs and 30% fixed costs. To calculate the full cost per table, we need to add the fixed costs to the variable costs:
Variable cost per table = 70% of $270 = $189
Fixed cost per table = 30% of $270 = $81
Full cost per table = Variable cost per table + Fixed cost per table = $189 + $81 = $270
The company's policy is to add an 80% markup to the full costs. Applying the markup:
Markup = 80% of $270 = $216
To determine the per unit price, we add the markup to the full cost per table:
Per unit price = Full cost per table + Markup = $270 + $216 = $486
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The process that is used to delete the chart of accounts is
known as ________.
Select one:
a. Estimating
b. Inactivating
c. Purging
d. Deleting
The process that is used to delete the chart of accounts is known as "c. Purging." Purging the chart of accounts involves permanently removing all the accounts and their related information from the system. This process is typically used when a company wants to start fresh or when there are significant changes in the account structure.
Here is a step-by-step explanation of the purging process:
1. Backup: Before purging the chart of accounts, it is essential to create a backup of the existing data. This ensures that in case of any errors or issues, you can restore the original chart of accounts.
2. Review and Analysis: Before proceeding with the purging process, carefully review and analyze the accounts to be deleted. Make sure to identify any important data or transactions that need to be retained or transferred to new accounts.
3. Purging: Once you have completed the backup and reviewed the accounts, you can begin the purging process. This involves deleting all the accounts, including their balances and transactions. Depending on the accounting software or system used, there may be specific steps or settings to follow for purging the chart of accounts.
4. Verification: After purging the chart of accounts, it is crucial to verify that the deletion was successful. Check that all the accounts have been removed and that no remnants or traces of the deleted accounts remain in the system.
5. Rebuilding: If necessary, you can now rebuild the chart of accounts with the desired account structure. This may involve creating new accounts, reclassifying transactions, or updating existing data.
Remember that the purging process permanently removes the accounts, so it is essential to exercise caution and ensure that you have a backup of the data before proceeding. Additionally, consult the specific instructions or guidelines provided by your accounting software or system to ensure a smooth and accurate purging process.
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5. According to a report in rent.com, rents for one- and two-bedroom apartments in the US have increased more than 20% since last year and are now at record highs. One report states that 40% of counties in the U.S. are now considered "unaffordable" for renters. Suppose that we try to make housing more affordable by placing a price ceiling (rent control) on apartment rents. Use supply-and-demand analysis to explain the effect of this price ceiling on the price and quantity of apartments and other rental housing. Your answer should include identify what (if anything) shifts and why, and then an explanation in the proper sequence of what happens as a result, and why it happens. The conclusion to your answer should be a statement of whether the price ceiling would make apartments more affordable for consumers. This question focuses on price ceilings on rent (rent controls); your answer should address price ceilings (rent controls) and only price ceilings (rent controls). Other approaches are considered separately in their own questions.
Rent control is a policy aimed at limiting the price of rent. The goal is to provide low-income residents with a decent home and to avoid high living costs.
Although the cost of living in the US has risen in recent years, the government has set a price ceiling on rent to counteract the increase in rental rates and to provide affordable rental housing for low-income citizens. But the question arises as to whether the price ceiling is an effective solution for rising rental rates.
According to the report in Rent.com, rents for one- and two-bedroom apartments in the US have increased more than 20% since last year and are now at record highs. Suppose that we try to make housing more affordable by placing a price ceiling (rent control) on apartment rents.
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10. LO4 Determine the proceeds of a non-interest-bearing promissory note for $75 000 discounted 42 months before maturity at 6.5% compounded semi-annually.
The proceeds of the non-interest-bearing promissory note would be approximately $59,955.
To calculate the proceeds of a non-interest-bearing promissory note, we need to determine the present value of the note, which represents the amount that would be received today in exchange for the future payment. In this case, the promissory note has a face value of $75,000 and matures in 42 months.
The discount rate is given as 6.5% compounded semi-annually. To calculate the present value, we can use the formula for compound interest:
Present Value = Future Value / (1 + r/n)^(n*t)
Where:
Future Value is the face value of the note ($75,000).
r is the annual interest rate (6.5%).
n is the number of compounding periods per year (2 for semi-annual compounding).
t is the time in years (42 months divided by 12 to convert to years).
Using these values in the formula, we can calculate the present value, which represents the proceeds of the promissory note:
Present Value = [tex]$75,000 / (1 + 0.065/2)^(^2^*^(^4^2^/^1^2^)[/tex]
=$75,000 / (1 + 0.065/2)⁷
= $59,955
Therefore, the proceeds of the non-interest-bearing promissory note would be approximately $59,955.
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Developing an understanding of cultural implications can greatly improve workplace interactions in the long run, resulting in improved relationships with diverse
workforce and increased overall productivity.Cultural implications play a crucial role in shaping workplace interactions, particularly in diverse environments.
Understanding and appreciating different cultures can lead to improved relationships among employees and create a more inclusive and harmonious work environment. When individuals take the time to learn about each other's cultural backgrounds, values, customs, and communication styles, it fosters empathy, respect, and understanding. This, in turn, promotes effective collaboration, teamwork, and cooperation among team members.By recognizing and embracing cultural differences, individuals can avoid misunderstandings, stereotypes, and biases that may hinder effective communication and collaboration. Building cultural competence enables individuals to adapt their communication and work styles to accommodate diverse perspectives, leading to better problem-solving, decision-making, and innovation within the organization.
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Among the options below, which of them are atypical characteristics of information when compared to tangible private goods? (there may be more than one option correct, select all that apply)
a. it is easy to detect if someone has consumed information
b. it can be reproduced at near-zero marginal cost
c. someone can give away information without having to "give it up"
d. it can not be actively disposed of
Among the options provided, the atypical characteristics of information when compared to tangible private goods are that it can be reproduced at near-zero marginal cost and someone can give away information without having to "give it up".
Information possesses the unique characteristic of being able to be replicated and distributed with marginal cost. Unlike tangible private goods, which often require significant expenses for reproduction, information can be copied and shared at almost no additional cost. This is due to the intangible nature of information and its ability to be easily transmitted and duplicated through digital means. Additionally, information can be shared or given away without the provider losing ownership or control over it. Once information is transmitted, both the provider and recipient can possess and utilize it simultaneously, which is distinct from the typical characteristics of tangible goods. This non-rivalrous nature of information allows for widespread dissemination and sharing of knowledge, ideas, and data.
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The value chain includes costs associated with research, product design, production, marketing, sales, distribution, and customer support after the sale.
Which areas of the value chain do you think should be included in calculating product costs? Why?
Where would the other costs be reported (if at all)?
What is the cost behavior based on the variability of cost variances and revenue volatility?
The other costs associated with the value chain that are not reported are not included in the value chain and are known as external costs. External costs include expenses such as taxes, regulatory compliance costs, and environmental costs that are incurred outside of the value chain. External costs can be reported in a variety of ways, including as separate line items on financial statements or as footnotes.
For example, environmental costs may be reported in a sustainability report or as part of a corporate social responsibility program.The cost behavior is based on the variability of cost variances and revenue volatility. Cost behavior refers to how costs change as sales and production levels change. Cost behavior can be classified into four categories: variable, fixed, semi-variable, and step costs.
Variable costs are costs that change in direct proportion to changes in sales or production levels. Fixed costs are costs that remain constant regardless of changes in sales or production levels. Semi-variable costs are costs that have both a fixed and a variable component, meaning that they increase as sales or production levels increase up to a certain point, but then remain constant beyond that point. Step costs are costs that increase in increments as sales or production levels increase, rather than in a continuous and smooth manner.
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What is a best cost strategy? Explain. How is it unique?
Is this strategy difficult to employ? Why or why not?
A best cost strategy is a business approach that focuses on delivering products or services with the best value for the price.
It combines elements of both cost leadership and differentiation strategies. With a best cost strategy, a company aims to offer high-quality products or services at a competitive price point. This strategy is unique because it seeks to strike a balance between cost and value. It aims to provide customers with products or services that offer superior features or benefits compared to competitors, while also being affordable. This differentiation allows the company to attract customers who are willing to pay a slightly higher price for the added value they receive. Implementing a best cost strategy can be challenging. It requires careful analysis of market dynamics, customer preferences, and cost structures. The company needs to identify ways to reduce costs without compromising on product quality or features. This may involve streamlining operations, optimizing supply chain processes, or leveraging economies of scale. Additionally, maintaining a best cost strategy can be difficult in dynamic and competitive markets. Other companies may imitate or improve upon the strategy, making it harder to sustain a unique competitive advantage. Continuous monitoring and adaptation are necessary to stay ahead of competitors and meet changing customer demands. In conclusion, a best cost strategy aims to offer customers high-quality products or services at a competitive price. It combines elements of cost leadership and differentiation strategies to deliver value to customers. While implementing and maintaining this strategy can be challenging, it can provide a strong competitive advantage in the marketplace.
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Etier Designs is producing a line of high-end silk scarves to be sold in high-end department stores. The manufacturer’s suggested retail price is $120 USD.
The retailer demands a 40% margin off the retail price,
The wholesaler demands a 50% margin off the price at which he sells to the retailer. What price does the wholesaler pay Etier Designs?
Etier’s total cost of goods sold is $12 USD.
In the past, Etier has paid $30,000 for design consulting. Moving forward, Eiter plans to spend $30,000 in market research, $50,000 to rent production space, and an additional $100,000 on an advertising campaign.
Please answer the following:
What price does the retailer pay the wholesaler?
What price does the wholesaler pay Etier?
What is Etier’s mark up as a percentage of its costs?
By what percent does the wholesaler mark-up its cost of goods sold?
By what percent does the retailer mark-up it’s cost?
What is total Etier’s (relevant) Fixed Cost?
If we consider the COGS to be the total variable cost, how many units does Etier have to produce to Break Even?
What is Etier’s Break Even in terms of (wholesale) dollars?
What’s is Etier’s Contribution per unit in dollars?
What is Etier’s Contribution Margin?
How many units woul
The price the retailer pays the wholesaler is $72 USD.
The wholesaler pays Etier Designs $36 USD.
Etier's markup as a percentage of its costs is 900%.
The wholesaler marks up its cost of goods sold by 200%.
The retailer marks up its cost by 40%.
Etier's total fixed cost is $180,000 USD.
Etier needs to produce 2,000 units to break even.
Etier's break-even point in terms of wholesale dollars is $72,000 USD.
Etier's contribution per unit is $84 USD.
Etier's contribution margin is 70%.
To calculate the price the retailer pays the wholesaler, we start with the manufacturer's suggested retail price of $120 USD. The retailer demands a 40% margin off the retail price, so they pay 60% of $120, which is $72 USD.
The price the wholesaler pays Etier Designs can be calculated by considering the retailer's margin. The wholesaler demands a 50% margin off the price at which they sell to the retailer. So, they pay 50% of $72, which is $36 USD.
To determine Etier's markup as a percentage of its costs, we divide the selling price by the total cost of goods sold. Etier's total cost of goods sold is $12 USD, and the selling price is $120 USD. So, the markup is ($120 - $12) / $12 * 100% = 900%.
The wholesaler marks up its cost of goods sold by 200%. Since the wholesaler pays $36 USD to Etier Designs and the cost of goods sold is $12 USD, the markup is ($36 - $12) / $12 * 100% = 200%.
The retailer marks up its cost by 40%. Since the retailer pays $72 USD to the wholesaler and the cost is $36 USD, the markup is ($72 - $36) / $36 * 100% = 100%.
Etier's total fixed costs include the design consulting cost of $30,000 USD, market research cost of $30,000 USD, production space rent of $50,000 USD, and advertising campaign cost of $100,000 USD. The sum of these costs is $180,000 USD.
To calculate the break-even point, we need to consider the contribution per unit. Since Etier's total fixed costs are $180,000 USD and the contribution per unit is $84 USD, we can divide the fixed costs by the contribution per unit: $180,000 / $84 = 2,143 units. Rounded up, Etier needs to produce 2,000 units to break even.
The break-even point in terms of wholesale dollars is calculated by multiplying the break-even units by the wholesale price. In this case, it is 2,000 units * $72 USD = $144,000 USD.
Etier's contribution per unit is the difference between the selling price and the variable cost per unit. The selling price is $120 USD, and the variable cost per unit (cost of goods sold) is $12 USD. So, the contribution per unit is $120 - $12 = $108 USD.
The contribution margin is calculated by dividing the contribution per unit by the selling price and multiplying by 100%. In this case, ($108 / $120) * 100% = 90%.
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Which element of negligence did the Palsgraf case addrest?
The Palsgraf case addressed the element of proximate cause in negligence, which determines whether the defendant's actions were the direct cause of the plaintiff's injuries. The court concluded that the defendant's actions were not the proximate cause because the harm suffered by Palsgraf was not reasonably foreseeable.
The Palsgraf case addressed the element of proximate cause in negligence.
Proximate cause refers to the legal concept that determines whether a defendant's actions were the direct cause of the plaintiff's injuries.
In this case, Helen Palsgraf was injured by falling scales at a train station when another passenger dropped a package of fireworks.
The court had to decide whether the defendant's actions were the proximate cause of Palsgraf's injuries.
The court concluded that the defendant's actions were not the proximate cause because the injuries suffered by Palsgraf were not reasonably foreseeable.
The court reasoned that the defendant could not have foreseen that the package contained fireworks or that dropping the package would cause harm to someone standing far away.
This case established the principle that in order for there to be liability for negligence, there must be a close connection between the defendant's actions and the plaintiff's injuries.
The concept of proximate cause helps to limit liability to those harms that were reasonably foreseeable.
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Using a perpetual inventory system, how should a company record the sale of inventory costing $590 for $1,180 on account? Event Account Title Debit Credit 1. Inventory 590 Cost of Goods Sold. 590 Sale
In a perpetual inventory system, the sale of inventory costing $590 for $1,180 on account is recorded through two journal entries. The first entry records the sale transaction, while the second entry adjusts the inventory.
To document the sale, the following journal entry is made: Accounts Receivable is debited for $1,180, and Sales is credited for $1,180.
Additionally, the cost of goods sold must be recorded by subtracting the cost of the inventory sold from the sales amount.
To account for this, the following entries are made: Cost of Goods Sold is debited for $590, and Inventory is credited for $590.
Hence, the journal entries to record the sale of inventory in this scenario using a perpetual inventory system are: Debit Accounts Receivable $1,180, Credit Sales $1,180, Debit Cost of Goods Sold $590, and Credit Inventory $590.
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mergers and acquisitions represent paradoxes in the sense that: [see pp.341-344] the stock market remains suspicious of them, despite widespread evidence of their effectives as tools of corporate strategy companies continue to be enthusiastic in initiating acquisitions despite empirical evidence that, on average, acquisitions destroy shareholder value for acquirers the ceos who initiate them are lauded by the business media, despite the suspicious that they are vehicles for ceo testosterone-fueled hubris they are often initiated by companies that profess a stakeholder orientation despite the fact that it is investment bankers who are the main beneficiaries, while consumers and employees are the main losers what is the correct answer?
It is important for the companies to consider the impact of such deals on all stakeholders before initiating them.
Mergers and acquisitions represent paradoxes in the sense that: Despite the fact that mergers and acquisitions are considered as one of the most effective tools of corporate strategy, the stock market remains suspicious of them. This is because a majority of mergers and acquisitions do not provide the desired benefits to the company in terms of profits, sales, and market share.
The share prices of the company may also fall after the merger or acquisition, which indicates that the market does not see any long-term value in the deal.In spite of the empirical evidence that mergers and acquisitions destroy shareholder value for the acquirers on average, companies continue to be enthusiastic about initiating acquisitions. This is because most companies believe that they will be the exception and will be able to create value through the deal. They might also be driven by the fear of being left behind in the market.
However, in reality, most of the mergers and acquisitions fail to deliver the expected results, which highlights the importance of being cautious and strategic before initiating any such deal.The CEOs who initiate mergers and acquisitions are often praised by the business media, despite the suspicion that they are vehicles for CEO testosterone-fueled hubris.
This is because these deals are seen as a sign of the CEO’s ambition and confidence, and the media might project them as visionary leaders who are driving the company towards growth and success. However, it is important to note that the stakeholder orientation of the companies often contradicts their decision to initiate mergers and acquisitions. This is because mergers and acquisitions are often initiated by investment bankers who are the main beneficiaries, while consumers and employees are the main losers.
The employees might lose their jobs due to the merger or acquisition, while the consumers might have to face the consequences of the increased prices and reduced competition due to the consolidation of the industry.
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How does the Federal Reserve Bank alter the money supply in US.
Discuss the different monetary tools used by Federal Reserve
Bank.
The Federal Reserve alters the money supply in the US through tools such as open market operations, reserve requirements, discount rate, interest on reserves, forward guidance, and quantitative easing.
The Federal Reserve uses various tools to influence the money supply in the US. Open market operations involve buying or selling government securities to inject or withdraw money from the economy. Reserve requirements set the minimum amount of reserves banks must hold, affecting their lending capacity. The discount rate determines the interest rate banks pay when borrowing from the Fed, influencing borrowing and lending. Interest on reserves incentivizes banks to hold more or less reserves. Forward guidance communicates future policy intentions. Quantitative easing involves purchasing securities to stimulate the economy. These tools are adjusted based on economic conditions and policy goals.
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E D A company reports the following: Average Daily Sales Average accounts receivable (net) What is the number of days' sales in receivables? Round to one decimal place. 60 days O 45 days O 30 days 22 days 20 C $ R FL ** 24 % 5 V 201 T $1,365 G ^ 30,030 6 MacBook Pro B B Y H & 7 40 17 U N .00 8 J Di M 9 K
Given information: Average Daily Sales, Average accounts receivable (net).We are asked to find the number of days' sales in receivables.
So,Number of days' sales in receivables is calculated as:Days' sales in receivables = Accounts receivable / Average daily salesAccounts receivable is equal to the average accounts receivable (net).Thus,Days' sales in receivables = Average accounts receivable (net) / Average daily sales putting the given values in the above formula:Days' sales in receivables = $30,030 / $1,365 ≈ 22 daysHence, the main answer is "22 days".
The company's number of days' sales in receivables is 22 days which means that it takes approximately 22 days for the company to collect its account receivables.
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