The temperatures and pressures when the liquid and gaseous phases are equally stable and in equilibrium.
The temperature range and pressure range at which a supercritical fluid can exist. The physical states of a substance at various pressure and temperature levels are depicted in a phase diagram. In this diagram, the pressure is often depicted on the y-axis while the temperature is displayed on the x-axis. The critical point, which is where the line separating the liquid and gaseous phases disappears, is depicted graphically. A substance that has passed the critical point is referred to as a supercritical fluid. Based on the description provided above, all responses other than A are false. The flexibility to alter fluid density-directly affecting extraction parameters like temperature and pressure.
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calculate the formal charge on each of the atoms in the Lewis structure given. H-O-N=O (nitrous acid) H=? N=? O (of OH)=? O=?
In the Lewis structure for nitrous acid (H-O-N=O), the formal charge of each atom is as follows:
Hydrogen (H): 0Nitrogen (N): +1Oxygen (O) of OH group: -1Oxygen (O) of N=O group: -1A Lewis structure, also known as a Lewis dot diagram, is a diagram that shows the arrangement of atoms in a molecule or ion. It is based on the idea that electrons in a covalent bond are shared equally between the two atoms involved.
The Lewis structure uses dots (representing electrons) to show the bonds between the atoms and the lone pairs (unpaired electrons) of electrons around the atoms. By counting the total number of dots around an atom, you can determine the number of electrons in the outermost shell of the atom, and thus its oxidation state. Lewis structures are useful for understanding the bonding and structure of molecules and ions.
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In general, the materials termed 'composites' and 'ceramics' have______ arrangement of their atoms.
A. Orderly
B. Amporphus
C. Lined-up
D. Branched
Answer:
I think it is B or I am not sure hope it helps
a hot and concentrated solution of kbr was slowly cooled down to facilitate the crystallization of kbr, as the kbr crystals grew, the entropy of the system (the mixture of water and kbr) will group of answer choices stay the same decrease there is not enough information. increase
As the KBr crystals form from the hot and concentrated solution, the entropy of the system decreases. This is because the process of crystal formation is an ordered process, leading to a decrease in the number of available microstates, thus reducing entropy. As the solution cools, the solute molecules slow down and start to arrange themselves into a highly ordered lattice structure, which results in the formation of KBr crystals. This decrease in entropy is compensated by an increase in the entropy of the surroundings, such as the air or the container, in order to maintain the overall increase in entropy required by the second law of thermodynamics.
About KbrPotassium bromide (KBr) is widely used in life, one example is in the form of salt. Potassium bromide, is a typical ionic salt. This salt is completely dissociated and approaches pH 7 in aqueous solution. This compound serves as a source of bromide ion.
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hi! im struggling to answer these please help!
1. Write a nuclear equation for the alpha decay of 231-91Pa.
2. Write a nuclear equation for the alpha decay of 146-62Sm
3. Write a nuclear equation for the alpha decay of 149-62Sm.
4. Write a nuclear equation for the alpha decay of 150-64Gd.
5. Write a nuclear equation for the alpha decay of 249-101Md.
What mass of CO2 is produced when 10.0 g of CH4 is burned in oxygen?
Taking into account the reaction stoichiometry, 27.5 grams of CO₂ is produced when 10.0 g of CH₄ is burned in oxygen.
Reaction stoichiometryIn first place, the balanced reaction is:
CH₄ + 2 O₂ → CO₂ + 2 H₂O
By reaction stoichiometry (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), the following amounts of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:
CH₄: 1 moleO₂: 2 molesCO₂: 1 moleH₂O: 2 molesThe molar mass of the compounds is:
CH₄: 16 g/moleO₂: 32 g/moleCO₂: 44 g/moleH₂O: 18 g/moleBy reaction stoichiometry, the following mass quantities of each compound participate in the reaction:
CH₄: 1 mole ×16 g/mole= 16 gramsO₂: 2 moles ×32 g/mole= 64 gramsCO₂: 1 mole ×44 g/mole= 44 gramsH₂O: 2 moles ×18 g/mole= 36 gramsMass of CO₂ formed
It is possible to use a simple rule of three as follows: if by reaction stoichiometry 16 grams of CH₄ form 44 grams of CO₂, 10 grams of CH₄ form how much mass of CO₂?
mass of CO₂= (10 grams of CH₄×44 grams of CO₂)÷16 grams of CH₄
mass of CO₂= 27.5 grams
Finally, 27.5 grams of CO₂ is produced.
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Find ΔrH for the combustion of naphthalene at 298 K
The ΔrH for the combustion of compound of naphthalene at 298 K is -5133 kJ/mole which is a standard value.
What is a compound?Compound is defined as a chemical substance made up of identical molecules containing atoms from more than one type of chemical element.
Molecule consisting atoms of only one element is not called compound.It is transformed into new substances during chemical reactions. There are four major types of compounds depending on chemical bonding present in them.They are:
1)Molecular compounds where in atoms are joined by covalent bonds.
2) ionic compounds where atoms are joined by ionic bond.
3)Inter-metallic compounds where atoms are held by metallic bonds
4) co-ordination complexes where atoms are held by co-ordinate bonds.
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which of the following is most likely going to participate in hydrogen bonding? group of answer choices ch3nh2 ch3f ch2o ch3cn
CH3NH2 is most likely going to participate in hydrogen bonding.
ABOUT METHYLAMINEMethylamine is an organic compound with the formula CH3NH2. This colorless gas is a derivative of ammonia, but with one hydrogen atom replaced by a methyl group. This compound is the simplest primary amine.
This compound is sold as a solution in methanol, ethanol, tetrahydrofuran, or water, or as anhydrous gas in pressurized metal containers. In industry, methylamine is transported in its anhydrous form in pressurized wagons and tank trucks. This compound has a strong odor like fish. Methylamine is used as a building block for the synthesis of many commercially available compounds.
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Calorimetry a 25g sample of gold is heated,then placed in a calorimeter containing 60.g of water. Temperature of water increases from 18.00 c to 20.00C how much heat energy was lost by the sampls of gold?
Based on the principle of calorimetry, the heat lost by the gold is 502.08 J.
What is the heat change that occurred when the temperature of the water increased?The heat change that occurred when the temperature of the water increased is calculated using the formula below:
Heat change = mass * specific heat capacity * temperature change
The mass of water = 60.0 g
The specific heat capacity of water = 4.184 J/g/°C
The temperature change of water = (20 - 18)°C
The temperature change of water = 2°
Heat change = 60 * 4.184 * 2
Heat change = 502.08 J
From the principle of calorimetry, the heat lost by the gold is equal to the heat gained by the water.
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Find the mass in 4.5 mol of NaOH (show work pls)
The mass in 4.5 mol of NaOH is 180g.
How to calculate mass?The mass of a substance can be calculated by multiplying the molar mass of the substance by the number of moles as follows:
mass = molar mass × no of moles
Moles refers to the amount of substance of a system which contains exactly 6.022 10²³ elementary entities.
molar mass of NaOH = 40g/mol
mass = 40g/mol × 4.5mol
mass = 180grams.
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Which of the following oxides are likely to be acidic, basic or amphoteric in aqueous solution: (a) MgO; (b) SnO; (c) CO2; (d) P2O5; (e) Sb2O3; (f) SO2; (g) Al2O3; (h) BeO? Briefly rationalize each of your choices.
Acidic oxides are Carbon dioxide([tex]CO_{2}[/tex]), Phosphorus pentoxide([tex]P_{2}$O_{5}[/tex]) and Sulfur dioxide([tex]S$O_{2}[/tex] ).
Basic oxide are Magnesium Oxide(MgO).
Amphoteric oxides are Tin(Stannum) Oxide(SnO), Antimony trioxide([tex]Sb_{2} $O_{3}[/tex]), Aluminum oxide([tex]Al_{2} O_{3}[/tex] ) and Beryllium oxide(BeO).
Magnesium Oxide(MgO) is a basic oxide.
Magnesium is a metal that, like the majority of metals, forms simple oxides.
Tin(Stannum) Oxide(SnO) is amphoteric oxide.
Since SnO reacts with both HCl (an acid) and NaOH (a base) to produce salt and water, its amphoteric nature may be demonstrated.
Carbon dioxide([tex]CO_{2}[/tex]) itself is not an acid, because it does not contain hydrogen ions (H +), but instead transforms into carbonic acid when dissolved in water. Water and carbon dioxide combine to generate carbonic acid, which makes the solution acidic.
Phosphorus pentoxide([tex]P_{2}$O_{5}[/tex]) is an acidic oxide.
Because it is an anhydride of phosphoric acid, phosphorus pentoxide is an acidic oxide that is employed as a desiccating and dehydrating agent.
Antimony trioxide([tex]Sb_{2} $O_{3}[/tex]) is an amphoteric.
It dissolves in aqueous sodium hydroxide solution to produce the trihydrate of the meta-antimonite [tex]NaSbO_{2}[/tex].
Sulfur dioxide([tex]S$O_{2}[/tex] ) is an acidic oxide.
[tex]S$O_{2}[/tex] occurs spontaneously during volcanic eruptions and is mostly caused by the burning of fossil fuels. The lungs can be harmed by [tex]S$O_{2}[/tex] inhalation.
Aluminum oxide([tex]Al_{2} O_{3}[/tex] ) is an amphoteric oxide'
This substance possesses both acidic and basic properties. The other reactant in the chemical reaction determines whether [tex]Al_{2} O_{3}[/tex] is basic or acidic.
Beryllium oxide(BeO) is an amphoteric oxide.
While most group II elements create basic oxide, BeO is an amphoteric oxide.
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I need to make 500 mL of a 0.1 M solution of copper sulfate. If I only have 0.4 M solution available, what volume should I initially use?
Answer:
1000 mL
Explanation:
The final volume is 1000 mL means we need to add more 500 mL into the 500 mL of 1.0 M CuSO4 C u S O 4 solution, so we will get 0.5 M solution of CuSO4 C u S O 4 . Thus, 500 mL of water should be added to 500 mL of 1.0 M CuSO4 C u S O 4 solution to dilute it to 0.5 M.
How many moles are in 1.75 kg of iron Hint:mass of Fe/ MW Fe (55.85g)
There are around 31 moles in 1.75 kg of iron.
Molecular Mass is equal to 1 mole.
So, no. of moles = mass given/ molecular mass.
∴ no. of moles = 1.75 / (55.85 ÷ 1000)
∴ no. of moles = 31.33
What is molecular mass?The total sum of the mass of all the atoms present in a substance is called molecular mass.
What is mass?Mass is the quantity of matter in a body.
What is mole?Mole is the amount of substance which contains as many entities as there are atoms in 0.012 kilogram of carbon 12
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Please answer my question.
The uninduced sample in this chromatographic results is sample 2. The lane corresponding to the uninduced sample in gel chromatography appears after the marker band.
What is gel filtration chromatography?Gel filtration chromatography, a form of size exclusion chromatography, can be used to fractionate molecules and complexes in a sample into fractions with a specific size range, to remove all molecules larger than a specific size from the sample, or to do both of these tasks simultaneously.
When in aqueous solution, substances such tiny molecules, proteins, protein complexes, polysaccharides, and nucleic acids can be separated using gel filtration chromatography.
The procedure is known as gel permeation chromatography when an organic solvent serves as the mobile phase. The uninduced lane in the given diagram is sample 2.
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How many oxygen atoms are in 3.14 mol of NO2?
A.
1.89 x 1024
B.
3.78 x 1024
C.
3.31 x 10-24
D.
1.89 x 10-24
3.4 mol unit 3.78 1024 atom oxygen are present in NO2.
What process produces atoms?Protons, neutrons, and electrons surround the core nucleus of an atom to form the structure of the atom. Uranium fission produces new atoms when it breaks up into smaller particles. The Big Bang and supernovae are two examples of how many atoms were actually created in the real universe.
Which atom do you mean?A chemical element's atoms are the discrete units of matter that define it. An atom's core nucleus is made up of each of them and is surrounded by one or more protons that have negative charges. The positive charges nucleus contains one or more of the relatively heavy protons and neutrons.
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Which of the following is an example of the law of multiple proportions?a. The atomic mass of bromine is found to be 79.90 amu.b. Two different compounds formed from carbon and oxygen have the following mass ratios: 1.33 grams of O to 1 gram of C, and 2.66 grams of O to 1 gram of C.c. A sample of chlorine is found to contain three times as much Cl-35 as CI-37.d. Two different samples of table salt are found to have the same ratio of sodium to chlorine.e. Nitrogen dioxide always has a mass ratio of 2.28 grams of O to 1 gram of N.
Option b is an example of the law of multiple proportions. when the two different compounds formed from carbon and oxygen have the following mass ratios: 1.33 grams of O to 1 gram of C, and 2.66 grams of O to 1 gram of C.
Law of multiple proportions: When two elements will combine to generate more than one compound, the weights of the one element that will combine with a fixed weight of the other are in a ratio of the tiny whole numbers, according to the law of multiple proportions.
The English scientist John Dalton will established the rule in 1803; its validation over a wide range of compounds is regarded as the most strong evidence in the support of Dalton's idea in which matter is made up of indivisible atoms.
For example: Let us suppose two molecules of CO and CO₂.
CO = 12 gram of carbon + 16 gram of oxygen
CO₂ = 12 gram of carbon + 32 gram of oxygen
Ratio of the mass of oxygen in the given two compounds will be 16 : 32 = 1 : 2
Thus, the law of multiple proportions will be proved.
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you learned in the lab that macromolecules are large molecules that are made up of smaller subunits. the smaller subunits are combined into macromolecules in a reaction called dehydration synthesis. the macromolecules are broken down into their building blocks in a reaction called hydrolysis.
You learned in the lab that macromolecules are large molecules that are made up of smaller subunits. the smaller subunits are combined into macromolecules in a reaction called dehydration synthesis. the macromolecules are broken down into their building blocks in a reaction called hydrolysis. True. Macromolecules are formed by small unit atoms forming larger molecules. Dehydration synthesis results in the formation of large molecules from smaller molecules, and hydrolysis results in the formation of smaller molecules from large molecules.
Macromolecule are atoms that tend to form larger molecules form polymers with covalent bonds. The number of monomers that combine can reach tens of thousands so that the relative molecular mass can reach hundreds of thousands, even millions.
Dehydration synthesis is the formation of larger molecules with the release of water molecules. Several smaller molecules form covalent bonds with each other by releasing a molecule of water per each bond to form a complex compound. While, Hydrolysis is the breaking of chemical bonds in the presence of water. Large molecules are always broken down into smaller molecules using water as a reactant. When a large molecule is hydrolyzed there will be two small molecules.
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Suppose that flerovium-289 underwent decay by the sequential decay of two alpha particles. What is the name of the final isotope that is produced?
The final isotope that is produced after flerovium-289 undergoes decay by the sequential decay of two alpha particles is Lead-281.
Flerovium-289 is an unstable isotope that is known to decay through alpha decay, which involves the emission of an alpha particle (a helium nucleus) from the nucleus of the atom. An alpha particle is made up of two protons and two neutrons. When an atom undergoes alpha decay, it loses two protons and two neutrons from its nucleus, which reduces its atomic number by 2 and its mass number by 4.
In the case of flerovium-289, the atomic number of flerovium is 114, after emitting 2 alpha particles, the atomic number would be 110, which corresponds to the element lead. The mass number of flerovium-289 is 289, after emitting 2 alpha particles the mass number would be 285, which corresponds to the isotope of lead-281.
Therefore, the final isotope that is produced after flerovium-289 undergoes decay by the sequential decay of two alpha particles is Lead-281.
using scientific notation person the following calculations (5.5x10) (1.4x10)
The answer to the calculation using scientific notation is 7.7x10^2
How to solve for this?Step 1: Convert the numbers to scientific notation, if they aren't already in that form: 5.5 = 5.5 x 10^1 and 1.4 = 1.4 x 10^1
Step 2: Multiply the coefficients (5.5 and 1.4) to get 7.7.
Step 3: Add the exponents (1 and 1) to get 2.
Step 4: Write the final answer in scientific notation: 7.7 x 10^2
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Which of the following reactions would have a decrease in entropy? A 2S*O_{3}(g) -> 2S*O_{3}(g) + O_{3}(g); 2N*H_{3}(g) -> N_{3}(g) + 3H_{3}(g); 2N*O_{2}(g) -> N_{3}*O_{4}(g) D. 2H_{g}*O(g) -> 2H_{g}(g) + O_{g}(g)
Answer:
D. 2H_{g}*O(g) -> 2H_{g}(g) + O_{g}(g)
The reaction 2N*H_{3}(g) -> N_{3}(g) + 3H_{3}(g) would have a decrease in entropy. In this reaction, the number of moles of gas on the right side of the equation is greater than on the left side, so the entropy increases. The other reactions would have an increase in entropy.
the heat of solution is the total enthalpy change when a solution is formed from the separated solute and solvent.
The heat of solution is the total enthalpy change when a solution is formed from the separated solute and solvent is true statement.
It is true that the overall enthalpy change that occurs when a solution is created from a separated solute and solvent is known as the heat of solution. The change in enthalpy that occurs when 1 mol of solute (component 1) dissolves in a solvent is known as the enthalpy of solution (or heat of solution) (component 2).
The amount of heat that can be emitted or absorbed when a solution dissolves is simply referred to as the enthalpy change of the solution. At a constant temperature, the enthalpy of a solution is typically represented as kJ/mol.
Three essential steps are necessary for the enthalpy of a solution:
1. Solute separation: This is the breakdown of the solute. The solute is no longer held together by any intramolecular forces in this situation.
2. Solvent separation: This occurs when all intramolecular forces holding the solvent together are broken as a result of the breakdown of the solvent.
3. Mixing: To create a solution, the solute and the solvent are combined in this instance.
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application software presents information in a slideshow format used to create, compose, edit, format, and print documents electronic grid of columns and rows collection of related files performs particular tasks users need
The application software is likely a spreadsheet software.
Spreadsheet software is a type of application software used to create, organize, and analyze data in a tabular form. It presents information in a grid of rows and columns, similar to a paper spreadsheet, which allows users to easily enter and manipulate data.
Some of the most common features of spreadsheet software include formulas and functions for calculations, the ability to format cells, sort and filter data, create charts and graphs, and collaborate with others.
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How many moles of atoms are present in 3 moles of Ca(NO3)2
moles.
Answer: In 3 moles of Ca(NO3)2, there are 24 moles of atoms.
Explanation: This is because:
1 mole of Ca(NO3)2 contains 1 mole of calcium (Ca), which has 1 mole of atoms
1 mole of Ca(NO3)2 contains 2 moles of nitrate (NO3), which has 6 moles of atoms
So in total, 1 mole of Ca(NO3)2 contains 1 + 6 x 2 = 13 moles of atoms.
Therefore, 3 moles of Ca(NO3)2 contains 3 x 13 = 39 moles of atoms.
Metabolism features many different systems list the systems that play a role below 3 or more
Metabolism features many different systems and the systems that play a role include the following below:
Digestive systemRespiratory systemExcretory system.What is Metabolism?This is referred to as the processes which are used to describe all chemical reactions involved in maintaining the living state of the cells and the organism.
In the case of the digestive system , the different cells and organs present help in the breakdown of large insoluble food molecules into small water-soluble food molecules so that they can be absorbed into the watery blood plasma.
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Which of the following statements are true about Net Ionic Equations? Select all that apply. Question options: Ions that do not change and are not involved in the formation of an insoluble solid or covalent molecule are included. Ions that do not change and are not involved in the formation of an insoluble solid or covalent molecule are not included. Net Ionic Equations show all ions, even those that are not changed or involved in the formation of a product. Spectator ions are included. They are used to more accurately depict the reactions of ions in solution to form a product
Ions that do not change and are not involved in the formation of an insoluble solid or covalent molecule are included. Therefore, the correct option is option A.
What is Net Ionic Equations?A net ionic is defined as an equation that only represents the ions or molecules that are actively participating in the reaction and those that change. The spectator ions were absent from this equation.
We utilize net ionic equations because as s previously said, we stress the molecules that change inside the reaction by using net ionic equations. Ions that do not change and are not involved in the formation of an insoluble solid or covalent molecule are included.
Therefore, the correct option is option A among all the given options.
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Which of the following represents an electron configuration that corresponds to the valence electrons of an element for which there is an especially large jump between the second and third ionization energies? (Note: n represents a principal quantum number equal to or greater than 2.)
answer choices
O ns2
O ns2np1
O ns2np2
O ns2np3
The answer is O ns2np2. This electron configuration corresponds to the valence electrons of an element for which there is an especially large jump between the second and third ionization energies.
The number of electrons in the outermost shell, or valence shell, is equal to the principal quantum number (n) squared (2 x 2 = 4), plus two additional electrons (2). So the total number of electrons in the valence shell is 6.
Electron configuration is the arrangement of electrons in the shells of an atom. It is an important concept in chemistry, as it is related to the atom's reactivity and how it interacts with other atoms. Electron configuration can be described in terms of the orbital notation, which uses the quantum numbers of an electron to describe which orbitals it occupies. Electron configuration can also be described in terms of electron subshells, which are groups of orbitals with the same principal quantum number.
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H2SO4 + 2NaOH --> H2O + Na2SO4
How many molecules of water(H2O) are produced if 2.0g of sodium sulfate(Na2SO4) are produced in the reaction above?
A) 6.77 x 1022 molecules
B) 8.5 x 1021 molecules
Answer:
The amount of water produced in a chemical reaction depends on the number of moles of the reactants, their stoichiometry, and the reaction conditions. The number of moles of sodium sulfate produced (2.0 g) does not provide information about the number of moles of hydrogen sulfate and sodium hydroxide used in the reaction or about the reaction conditions.
The pressure of 134 mL of a sample of carbon dioxide is increased from 485 mm Hg to 1,222 mm Hg. Calculate the new volume of the carbon dioxide.
The new volume of a gas when the pressure is increased is 53.2 mL.
What is the new volume of a gas when the pressure is increased?The new volume of a gas when the pressure is increased is determined using the formula from Boyle's law given below:
P₁V₁ = P₂V₂
where;
P₁ is the initial pressure
V₁ is the initial volume
P₂ is the new pressure
V₂ is the new volume
Solving for V₂:
V₂ = P₁V₁/P₂
V₂ = 134 * 485 / 1222
V₂ = 53.2 mL
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For each reaction, calculate Hrxn, Srxn, and Grxn at 25 C and state whether the reaction is spontaneous. If the reaction is not spontaneous, would a change in temperature make it spontaneous?
If so, should the temperature be raised or lowered from 25 C?
To calculate the enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy of a reaction, you need to know the enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy of each of the products and reactants.
Once you have these values, you can calculate the enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy of the reaction by subtracting the values of the reactants from the values of the products. For example, if the enthalpy of a reactant is -240 kJ/mol and the enthalpy of a product is 0 kJ/mol, then the enthalpy of the reaction is +240 kJ/mol.
If the reaction is not spontaneous at 25°C, then a change in temperature may make it spontaneous. Raising the temperature will generally increase the entropy of the reaction, and will make the reaction more spontaneous. Conversely, lowering the temperature will generally decrease the entropy of the reaction, and will make the reaction less spontaneous.
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Use the molar bond enthalpy data in the table to estimate the
value of AHin for the equation
C₂H₂(g) + HBr(g)
C₂H, Br(g)
The bonding in the molecules is shown.
AHin =
-
+H-Br
H Br
1
1-C-C-H
H
H
Bond
O-H
0-0
C-O
0=0
C=0
C-C
C=C
C=C
C-H
C-F
C-Cl
C-Bri
C-N
C=N
Counter Source
kJ mol-1
464
142
351
502
730
347
615
811
414
439
331
276
293
615
Bond
C=N
N-H
N-N
N=N
N=N
F-F
CI-CI
Br-Br
H-H
H-F
H-Cl
H-Br
H-S
S-S
game, Rock, And Gallorty 40. Gener
kJ mol-¹
890
390
159
418
945
155
243
192
435
565
431
368
364
225
kJ.mol-1
The value of ΔH°rxn for this equation is - 54 kJ.mol⁻¹
Find the reactants' combined bond energy. one bond C=C 4 C-H ties H-Br bond 1, To obtain the bond energy in the reactants, add them up. This will have a positive value because energy is released when bonds are broken (reactants)
Bond breaking energy = (1C=C bond) +(4 C-H bond) +(H-Br bond)
Bond breaking energy = 615kJ.mol⁻¹ + (4x 414kJ.mol⁻¹) + 368 kJ.mol⁻¹
Bond breaking energy = +2639 kJ.mol⁻¹
Find the products' combined bond energy. Add them together to obtain the bond breaking energy this will have a negative value because energy is released when bonds are formed (products). The ΔH°rxn makes a difference.
Bond making energy = (1C-C bond) +(5 C-H bond) +(C-Br bond)
Bond making energy = 347 kJ.mol⁻¹ + (5x 414kJ.mol⁻¹) + 276 kJ.mol⁻¹
Bond making energy =-2693 kJ.mol⁻¹
Therefore,
ΔH°rxn = Total energy bond breaking + total energy bon making
ΔH°rxn =+2639 kJ.mol⁻¹ -2693 kJ.mol⁻¹
ΔH°rxn = - 54 kJ.mol⁻¹
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T/F: A single water molecule can act as a hydrogen bond donor in as many as four hydrogen bonds at the same time.
The given statement, "A single water molecule can act as a hydrogen bond donor in as many as four hydrogen bonds at the same time" is true because a single water molecule is capable of forming four hydrogen bonds at a time.
Each water molecule are capable of forming two hydrogen bonds involving their hydrogen atoms plus two further hydrogen bonds utilizing the hydrogen atoms attached to neighboring water molecules. These four hydrogen bonds then, optimally arrange themselves tetrahedrally around each water molecule as found in ordinary ice.
The nitrogen atom is defined as the hydrogen bond acceptor, because it is "accepting" the hydrogen from the oxygen. We can observe that, the oxygen of the water molecule is the hydrogen bond donor. The oxygen of water molecule is the hydrogen bond acceptor.
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