The temperature at a point (x, y) is T(x, y), measured in degrees Celsius. A bug crawls so that its position after t seconds is given by x = squareroot l + t, y = 4 + 1/8t, where x and y are measured in centimeters. The temperature function satisfies T_x(3, 5) = 7 and T_y(3, 5) = 2. How fast is the temperature rising on the bug's path after 8 seconds? () ________ degree C/s

An electrician, 44 years old, was startled. He responds to verbal cues and speaks erratically. blow 12 breaths per minute with a BVM.

An electrician is a tradesperson with expertise in wiring electrical systems for stationary machines, transmission lines, and other associated machinery. Electricians may work on new electrical component installations or the upkeep and repair of current electrical infrastructure. In factories, businesses, and residences, electricians are responsible for fixing, setting up, and maintaining the electrical power, lighting, and communications systems.

• Setting up and maintaining electrical devices, systems, and equipment.

• Using and maintaining power and hand tools like drills, pliers, and screwdrivers.

• Fixing wire infrastructure.

• Setting up conduits, wires, and tubing for electrical use.

• Checking systems, tools, and equipment.

Depending on the electrician's specialty, different working conditions apply. Typically, an electrician's job requires them to climb ladders and lift equipment and supplies. An electrician occasionally has to operate on scaffolding or in a small area, and they frequently have to bend over, stoop down, or kneel to make connections in tight spaces. Many of the days that construction electricians work may be spent in noisy, unclean outside or semi-outdoor construction sites. Industrial plants' heat, dust, and noise may be exposed to industrial electricians. Electricians who specialize in power systems may be called upon to perform emergency repairs in all types of bad weather.

A 44 year old electrician has been shocked. He is responsive to verbal stimuli and has garbled speech. His airway is open ad he is breathing shallowly at a rate of 8 times per minute. his pulse is slow and irregular. Which one of the following actions should the EMT perform next?

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The time of flight of the stone when projected at the angle of 30 degrees is 5.102 s.

Since the stone is in a projectile motion, only the force of gravity acts upon the stone.

Angle of projection = θ = 30°

Height of the tower = 100 m

Initial velocity = u = 100 m/s

Acceleration due to gravity = g = 9.8 m/s²

The time of flight = T =

= T = usinθ /g

= T = 100 sin 30 / 9.8

= T = 50 / 9.8

= T = 5.102 s

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Moment of inertia of thin cylindrical body = MR²/2 and Rotational kinetic energy= 1/2 × moment of inertia × (angular speed)²

a) As the angular acceleration If the style starts from rest.

Angular acceleration (in rad/s²) of the style if, starting from rest, it reaches a rotation speed of 12.0 rpm in 10.7s will be

angular acceleration= angular speed / time

angular acceleration= (12×2π)÷(10.7×60)

angular acceleration= 0.117 rad/s².

b) Angle (in rad) through which the style rotates to reach its final rotational speed after 10.7 seconds will be-

angle= 1/2 × angular acceleration × time²

angle = 1/2 × 0.117 × (10.7)²

angle = 6.697 rad.

c) The rotational kinetic energy (in j) of the 3.00 g style once it reaches its final rotational speed after 10.7 seconds will be-

Rotational kinetic energy= 1/2 × moment of inertia × (angular speed)²

and Moment of inertia of the cylindrical protrusion 5.00 mm in length and 0.800 mm in diameter style = (mass × radius²) ÷ 2

(Since moment of inertia of thin cylindrical shell = MR²/2)

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Yes, the current in the upper wire can hold the lower wire in suspension against the gravity.

There is one horizontal wire that carries a large current.

There is also second wire which carries the same current in the same direction but it is suspended below it. As the upper wire has a current in it, it will create a magnetic field in a circular manner.

Now, the second wire will be in the proximity of the magnetic field created by the upper wire and the current in the lower wire and the magnetic field will be perpendicular to each other.

Now, because of the current in the wire and the magnetic field there will be a force generated in the lower wire which will be directly opposite to the weight of the lower wire which will balance out the weight of the lower wire because it is said that the wire carries a large current.

So, here we can conclude that the current in the upper wire can hold the lower wire in suspension against the gravity.

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The tension in case 2 is greater than case 1 that is T2 > T1

Any physical object that is in contact with another one can apply forces to that object. Depending on the types of objects in touch, we label these contact forces differently. We refer to the force as tension if a rope, string, chain, or cable is one of the things applying the force.

In medium lengths, tension exerts its force, especially in flexible materials like rope or cord. The force of tension is still a gravitational force. The tension will be referred to as the T = W + ma if the body is moving upward. The thickness remains constant as the body descends, T = W - ma.

Case 1 : The tension can be calculated by :

F = 3ma

a = F/3 m

Thus the equation becomes

mass X acceleration =  F - T1

T1 = F - 2/3 F

T1 = F /3

Case 2: ma = 3ma - T2

T2 = 2ma = 2 X F/3m

the values are taken from the diagram

thus T2 = 2F/3

So we can conclude that T2 > T1

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Simply how they share electrons distinguishes the various bond kinds. Polar bonds share unevenly, ionic bonds don't share at all, and covalent bonds share equally.

Simple electron sharing patterns distinguish the various bond types.Covalent bonds are created when electrons are shared. Despite the fact that both thermosetting plastics and thermoplastics are polymers, how they react to heat is different. Thermoplastics can melt in the presence of heat after curing, whereas thermoset plastics retain their  and remain solid in the presence of heat. Both their weight and chemical stability are low. excellent thermal insulation and low thermal conductivity. Glass fibers and mineral fillers are typically heavily incorporated into thermoset resins. Polymers called elastomers can be stretched far beyond their original length and can be quickly and compressed to almost their original dimensions.

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The magnitude of the force of kinetic friction between the block and the floor is 2.4N.

Kinetic friction is a force that exists between moving surfaces. A moving body on the surface is subjected to a force in the opposite direction of its movement. When two things rub against each other, the frictional force is turned into thermal energy, which in some situations causes fire. Kinetic friction is responsible for machine part wear and tear, so it is critical to lubricate the machine parts with oil.

F(x) = -kx, and k = 325 N/m for the spring.

0.250 kinetic coefficient of friction

From x = 0 to x = 0.70 metres, the spring compresses.

W net = 0 to 0.70 meter integral [- F spring - F friction] = 1/2 * (-k) * x2 - mu * mg * normal force x = 1/2 * (-325N/m) * (.70)2 - 0.250 * 6kg * 9.81m/s2 * 0.70 - 0

= - 89.93 Joules

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The current best hypothesis search is based on the principle of consistency, which calls for maintaining a single hypothesis and making adjustments as new examples are discovered.

This theory therefore suggests the following:.

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A hair dryer has a power rating of 1,265 W at 220 V rms. The resistance of the heating element is 0.0261 ohm, the rms value of current is 4.078 A and maximum instantaneous power will be 632.5 W.

Given,

Power of the hair dryer, P = 1265 W

and Voltage, V = 220 V

The current in the hair dryer, I = P/V (from P=V×I)

I = 1265/220

= 5.75 Amp

The resistance (R) of the heating element can be calculated as;

P= [tex]V^{2}[/tex]/R

1265= [tex]220^{2}[/tex]/R

R=1265/[tex]220^{2}[/tex]

=0.0261 Ohm

(b) The rms value of current, [tex]I_{rms}[/tex] = I/[tex]\sqrt{2}[/tex]

= 5.75/[tex]\sqrt{2}[/tex]

=4.078 A

(c) Maximum instantaneous power that the resistance withstand can be calculated as;

P(t) = (VI)/2

=(220×5.75)/2

=632.5 W

Hence, the resistance of the heating element is 0.0261 ohm, the rms value of current is 4.078 A and maximum instantaneous power will be 632.5 W.

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65 grams of coffee must evaporate.

Here, we use the formula of heat transfer

Heat loss by the system = heat gain by the system

We need to calculate the heat loss by the coffee and glass itself individually

Heat loss by glass

Heat loss by glass = mass of glass * specific heat capacity *change in temperature

= (120/1000 Kg)* (840)* (48 - 95)

= - 4737.6 J

Heat loss by the glass is -4737.6 J

Similarly we calculate heat loss by coffee

Heat loss by coffee = mass of coffee * specific heat capacity * change in temperature

= (750/1000 Kg) * ( 4184) *( 48 - 95)

= - 147486 J

Heat loss by coffee is -  147486 J

Total heat loss = Heat loss by coffee + Heat loss by glass

= -152223.6 J

evaporation of liquid  = Amount of heat loss

Mass of evaporation * Latent heat = 152223.6 J

Mass of evaporation = 152223.6 / 2340*1000

Mass of evaporation = 0.06505 Kg =  65.05 gram

Hence, 65 grams of coffee evaporates.

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In a planetary nebula, the shell of expelled material is glowing intensely due to the UV radiations being emitted from the center of the dying star.

What is a planetary nebula?

Rarefied gas with a density of typically makes up a typical planetary nebula. The highest densities, up to 106 particles per cm3, can be found in young planetary nebulae. The density of nebulae decreases with aging due to their expansion. From 0.1 to 1 solar masses is the mass range of planetary nebulae.

Gases are heated to temperatures of about 10,000 K by radiation from the central star. The temperature of the gas is typically 16,000–25,000 K higher in the central regions than it is in the outermost regions. The area around the central star is frequently filled with a very hot (coronal) gas with a temperature of about 1,000,000 K. Fast stellar wind, a gaseous component, is produced at the central star's surface.

Nebulae can be classified as radiation-bounded or matter-bounded. The visible nebula is fully ionized in the first scenario because there is not enough stuff in the nebula to absorb all of the UV rays released by the star. The latter occurs when the core star's UV photon output is insufficient to completely ionize the surrounding plasma, and an ionization front moves outward into the circumstellar envelope of neutral atoms.

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The sum of the moment of inertia of two perpendicular axes passing through the same point in the object's plane determines the moment of inertia about an axis perpendicular to the plane.

The sum of the moment of inertia of a plane lamina about two axes that are perpendicular to one another and both lie in the same plane (i.e., the z-axis) is equal to the moment of inertia of the plane lamina about the z-axis.

The vector r is always defined to run from the axis of rotation to the location where the force F is applied. It must also be perpendicular to the axis of rotation.

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Therefore, the speed of the block as it crosses,

(a) The point when the spring is not stretched = 1.93 m / s

(b) 5.00 cm to the left of point in (a) = 1.93 m /s

KE = 1 / 2 m v²

U = 1 / 2 k x²

According to law of conservation of energy,

KEi + Ui = KEf + Uf

k = 100 N / m

m = 0.2 kg

a ) The point when the spring is not stretched,

vi = 0

xi = - 10 cm = - 0.1 m

xf = 0 m

1 / 2 m vi² - 1 / 2 k xi² = 1 / 2 m vf² + 1 / 2 k xf²

0 + ( 1 / 2 * 100 * ( -0.1 )² ) = 1 / 2 * 0.2 * vf² + 0

0.5 = 0.1 vf²

vf² = 5

vf = 2.2 m / s

b ) 5.00 cm to the left of point in (a),

Here, the final values of previous scenario becomes the initial value of this scenario.

xf = - 5 cm = - 0.05 m

xi = 0

vi = 2.2 m / s

1 / 2 m vi² + 1 / 2 k xi² = 1 / 2 m vf² + 1 / 2 k xf²

1 / 2 * 0.2 * 2.2² + 0 = 1 / 2 * 0.2 * vf² + 1 / 2 * 100 * ( -0.05 )²

0.5 = 0.1 vf² + 0.125

vf²  = 0.375 / 0.1

vf = 1.93 m / s

c ) 5.00 cm to the right of point in (a),

The velocity of the block at a distance 0.05 m to left of its equilibrium position, equals its velocity at the same distance to right of its equilibrium position .

vf = 1.93 m / s

Therefore, the speed of the block as it crosses,

(a) The point when the spring is not stretched = 2.2 m / s

(b) 5.00 cm to the left of point in (a) = 1.93 m /s

(c) 5.00 cm to the right of point in (a) = 1.93 m / s

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The magnitude of the total linear acceleration is null as angular acceleration is constant , i.e. α=0.

If you have the object's initial and final velocities as well as the amount of displacement and you are aware that acceleration is constant, you can solve for it instantly. Utilize the equation v² = u²+ 2as, where v is the final velocity, u is the initial velocity, a is the acceleration, and s is the displacement.

The centripetal acceleration is calculated by taking the body's velocity (v) and squaring it, then dividing the result by the body's distance from the circle's center.

Let represent the necessary angular acceleration for the specified rotating wheel.

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When a current is established in a closed conducting loop , we use ammeter. Due to this resultant potential developed detected by voltmeter.

[tex]e= -\frac{d\beta }{dt}[/tex]

[tex]e=-L\frac{d\beta }{dt}[/tex]

[tex]i= i0 \left \{ {{y=0.63} \atop {x=t}} \right.[/tex]

i=0.63 io

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Given the uncertainty in the measurement of position, the velocity of the electron is 57.7 m/s.

Using the relation;

ΔxΔpx≥ℏ

where Δx is the uncertainty in the x coordinate of a particle, Δpx is the particle's uncertainty in the x component of momentum

and ℏ=h/2π

Recall that h = 6.6 × 10^-34 Js

Also, Δpx = Δmv

where, m = mass, v = velocity

Hence;

Δx Δmv = h/2π

Recall that m = mass of the electron = 9.11 × 10^-31 Kg

Δx  = 0.200 mm or 2 × 10^-4 m

Δv = h/2πΔx Δm

Δv =  

Δv = 0.577

Therefore, the uncertainty in the measurement is  1.00 %, v = 57.7 m/s

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Spring brake would apply on the affected wheel.

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The correct option is : The sample of material chosen as the potential container material is the variable being tested, so it is the independent variable.

The height and cross-sectional area of the soil sample, the pressure measurements, the volume of the permeated water during the designated time interval, and the coefficient of permeability can all be used to calculate this.

Repeat the test three or more times, and then find the average coefficient to ensure accurate results.

In the laboratory, the constant head permeability test is used to assess the permeability of coarse-grained soils with high permeability.

The test's basic idea is to gauge the amount of water that percolates through a sample of soil in a specific amount of time, then apply Darcy's law to the discharge to determine the permeability.

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123.61KV difference is the electric potential 20 cm from a charge of 5.5 c compared to 40 cm from the same charge.

electric force F=[tex]\frac{KQq}{r^2}[/tex]

electric potential V=[tex]\frac{Fr}{Q}[/tex]  

                             V=[tex]\frac{Fq}{r}[/tex]

this equation we know that [tex]V\propto \frac{1}{r}[/tex]

the point closer to the charge is higher than the point farther away.

B)   for 20cm

V=[tex]\frac{kq}{r}[/tex]

V=[tex]\frac{8.99*10^9*5.5*10^{-6}}{0.2}[/tex]

V=247.25KV

for 40cm

V=[tex]\frac{8.99*10^9*5.5*10^{-6}}{0.4}[/tex]

V=123.61KV

∴ the difference is 247.25-123.61= 123.61KV

the electric capability (additionally known as the electric discipline capability, potential drop, the electrostatic capacity) is defined as the amount of work strength had to move a unit of electric fee from a reference point to the specific factor in an electric-powered field.

the electric-powered potential is the work done consistent with a unit fee to deliver the rate from infinity to a degree in an electric discipline. the capacity distinction is the distinction between the potentials between two factors within the electric-powered discipline. electric powered ability is described as a factor. In an electrical circuit, the capability between factors (E) is defined as the quantity of labor carried out (W) by using an external agent in shifting a unit fee (Q) from one point to another. Mathematically we will say that E = W/Q.electric-powered capability is a scalar, and electric-powered discipline is a vector. The addition of voltages as numbers offers the voltage due to a combination of point costs, whereas the addition of man or woman fields as vectors offers the full electric-powered subject.

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The main difference between a radio wave and a light wave is its wavelength.

Gamma rays have extremely small wavelengths that are only a small portion of the size of atoms, whereas other wavelengths can extend as far as the universe because the relationship between wave frequency and wavelength is inverse. Although it isn't always stated explicitly, electromagnetic radiation's wavelengths are typically expressed in terms of the vacuum wavelength, regardless of the medium they are traveling through.

Electromagnetic radiation's behavior is influenced by its wavelength. wavelength x frequency equals the speed of light. Energy equals Planck's constant times frequency. Wave number in cm equals 1/wavelength. A rough estimate of the wavelength size is shown along with the wavelengths of various regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.

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Equilibrium reaction solution of ag2co3 is Ag₂CO₃(s) ⇄ 2Ag⁺(aq) + CO₃²⁻(aq). When a chemical reaction is reversible, the products react with the original reactants as soon as they are created.

When a chemical reaction is reversible, the products react with the original reactants as soon as they are created. There is no net change in the quantity of the chemicals involved when the two opposing reactions are in equilibrium because they are occurring at identical rates, or velocities.

Both the forward and the reverse reactions take place as a system gets closer to equilibrium. The forward and reverse reactions are moving at the same speed when the system is in equilibrium. The amount of each reactant and product remains constant until equilibrium has been reached.

Balanced chemical reaction 1: Ag₂CO₃(s) ⇄ 2Ag⁺(aq) + CO₃²⁻(aq).

Balanced chemical reaction 2: H₂CO₃(aq) + H₂O(l) ⇄ HCO₃⁻(aq) + H₃O⁺(aq).

Balanced chemical reaction 3: HCO₃⁻(aq) + H₂O(l) ⇄ CO₃²⁻(aq) + H₃O⁺(aq).

Balanced chemical reaction 4: H₂O(l) ⇄ H⁺(aq) + OH⁻(aq).

H₂CO₃ and HCO₃⁻ are acids and lose protons to water.

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The stellar orbits in the disk orbit of our galaxy are organized into circles, while stellar orbits in the halo and bulge have a minor level of spatial organization.

The stellar orbits of the Milky Way Galaxy refer to the movement of the stars inside the Galaxy, which mainly depends on the relative spatial position of the stars in the galaxy

The stellar orbits of our Milky Way Galaxy have different shapes in regard to their relative position which includes circular and also elliptical shapes.

Therefore, with this data, we can see that the stellar orbits of our Milky Way Galaxy depend on the position of the star in the galaxy, for example being circular in the disk region of the galaxy and having elliptical and or less organized formations in other positions.

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The magnitude of the angular momentum of the meter stick is 0.0394 Kg - m²/sec

Solution:

Mass = m = 135 g = 0.135 kg

Length = l = 1 m

Moment of inertia I = 1 /12 * m l² = 1/12 * 0.135 * l²  = 0.01125kg - m²

Angular speed = W= 3.5 rad /sec

Angular momentum = L = I W = 0.01125 * 3.5 = 0.0394 Kg - m² / sec

The magnitude of the angular momentum of a body in orbit is equal to the linear momentum multiplied by the vertical distance r from the center of rotation to a line drawn through the body's center of gravity in its instantaneous direction of motion. increase. The direction of angular momentum vector is directed along the axis of rotation given by the right-hand rule.

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The magnitude of the average emf induced N= 220 in the coil is 4.10347 X 10⁻⁴ v.

Assume ,

N = 220

Area = 13 . 2 cm²

t = 4. 60 x 10⁻² sec

B = 6. 50 X 10⁻⁵ T

( a )

∅initial = NBA cosθ

=220 X 6 . 50 x 10⁻⁵ x 13 . 2 x 10⁻⁴x cosθ

1.8876X 10⁻⁵  T.m²

∅After= NBAcosθ

=220 X 6.50 x 10⁻⁵ x 13.2x 10⁻⁴x cob 90

( b )

∈=|-Δ∅B/Δt|

=1.8876 * 10⁻⁵/4. 60 x 10⁻²

=4.10347 X 10⁻⁴ v

An attribute of a mathematical object that determines whether it is bigger or smaller than other objects of the same kind is its magnitude or size. Formally speaking, an object's magnitude is the visible outcome of the class of objects it belongs to's ordered results.

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The moment of the weight of the rod about the pivot = 4.2 Nm

The tension in the thread required to hold the rod horizontally = 8.96 N

Tension is described as the pulling force transmitted axially by a cord, rope, chain, or similar object, or through the ends of a rod, truss member, or similar three-dimensional object. It can also be described as pairs of acting and reaction forces acting at each end of the element.

Moment of weight = weight × the perpendicular distance from the axis of rotation to the line of action

M = w × r

w = 14N

r = 30 cm or 0.3 m

M = 14 × 0.3

M = 4.2 Nm

Tension = Applied force × cosθ

T = mg  × cosθ

mg = 14N

θ = 50°

T = 14 × 0.64

T = 8.96 N

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One can compare the brightness by noting that star an appears brighter than star b.

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At the summit, the ring pushes the rider with a force of 801N.

Centripetal force and force equilibrium are ideas needed to address the challenges.

Calculate the rider's velocity by first multiplying the period by the round-up wheel's complete circumference. The centripetal force acting on the rider may then be calculated using the velocity. The normal force may then be calculated using the force equilibrium.

The radius of a circle is,           r=[tex]\frac{d}{2}[/tex]

Here,

d is the diameter of the circle

The circumference of a circle is,  C= 2πr

The speed is the total distance covered in a given time. The speed is,

v=[tex]\frac{x}{t}[/tex]

here,

x is the distance covered and t is the time taken

The centripetal force acting on a body moving in a circular path is,

[tex]F_{c}[/tex]=[tex]\frac{mv^{2} }{r}[/tex]

Here,

m is the mass of the body.

The weight of a body is, W=mg

g is the acceleration due to gravity.

step: 1

Part A

The radius of the wheel is, r=[tex]\frac{d}{2}[/tex]

Here, d is the diameter of the wheel

d=16.0m

r=16/2

r=8m

The circumference of the wheel is, c=2*(3.14rad)*(8m)

                                                           c= 50.3m

The speed of rider is,   v=[tex]\frac{C}{T}[/tex]

                                      v=50.3/3.60

                                      v= 14.0m/s

The centripetal force acting on the rider is,   [tex]F_{c}[/tex]=[tex]\frac{mv^{2} }{r}[/tex]

                                                          [tex]F_{c}[/tex]=55 * 14/8

                                                         [tex]F_{c}[/tex]=1.35*10³

The weight of the rider is,            W=mg

                                                       W=55*9.81

                                                       W=5.40*10²N

The force equilibrium at the top of the wheel is,

-F -W = - [tex]F_{c}[/tex]

F is the force that the ring pushes the rider.

Rewrite the equation in terms of the force that the ring pushes on the rider at the top. The force is,            F= [tex]F_{c}[/tex]-W

                                                           F=(1.35*10³N)-(5.40*10²N)

                                                            F=801N

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The five main functions of the circulatory system are to carry oxygen and nutrients to cells, remove waste from cells, regulate body temperature, fight infections, Protection against infection and disease and Maintenance of blood pressure and volume.

The first function of the circulatory system is to transport oxygen and nutrients to cells. The second function of the circulatory system is to remove waste from cells. Blood carries away waste products such as carbon dioxide, lactic acid, and urea. The third function of the circulatory system is to regulate body temperature. Blood vessels act as a medium to transport heat. The fourth function circulatory system plays an important role in protecting the body from infection and disease. The circulatory system is an integral part of the human body that is responsible for transporting nutrients, oxygen, and hormones.

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The power input to the pump is 347 KW

Firstly we express the power input to the pump

[tex]W_{m} =m(\int\limits^2_1 {V} \, dp +del Ka+del pe)[/tex]

where, Wm is power input to pump m is mass flow rate, V is specific volume, dP is change in pressure while ΔKa and Δpe are change in kinetic and potential energy respectively.

For a reversible process, ΔKa  and Δpe are negligible

[tex]W_{m} =m(\int\limits^2_1 {V} \, dp +0+0)[/tex]

[tex]=mV_{1} (P_{2} -P_{1} )[/tex]

Using the saturated water-pressure table, the volume of saturated liquid water (V) at a pressure of 20KPa is [tex]0.001017 m^{3}/ kg[/tex]

we substitute 57 kg/s for m, [tex]0.001017 m^{3}/ kg[/tex] forr V, 6,000 KPa for [tex]P_{2}[/tex] and 20KPa in

[tex]W_{m} =mV_{1} (P_{2} -P_{1} )[/tex]

[tex]W_{m} =57*0.001017*(6,000-20)\\=346.65 m^{3} /s\\=347 KW[/tex]

Therefore, the power input to the pump is 347 KW

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The force which the seat belt exerts on a passenger is - 3000 N. Here minus sign indicates force was against the motion.

Given ;  The velocity is v = 12 m/s

and the time = 0.24 sec

Since he crashes in the end , thus the final velocity = 0 m/s

Weight = 60 kg

To calculate : The average force

We will use the formula :

ΔP = FΔT

p = mv

that is initial momentum = final momentum

F = [tex]\frac{m(final velcoity - initial velocity)}{time}[/tex]

F = 60(0 - 12 ) / 0.24

On further solving we get

F = - 720 / 0.24

F = - 3000N

Thus the force which the seat belt exerts on a passenger is - 3000 N

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