The reaction's equilibrium constant is 7.03×10¹².
How to determine equilibrium constant?The equilibrium constant for the reaction can be found using the following expression:
K = [Pb(OH)₃⁻][I⁻]²/ [PbI₂][OH⁻]³
The values of Ksp and Kf can be used to find the concentrations of the species involved in the reaction. Since Pb(OH)₃⁻ is a product of the reaction, its concentration can be expressed in terms of [PbI₂] and [OH⁻]:
[Pb(OH)₃⁻] = Kf[Pb²⁺][OH⁻]³ / (1 + Kf[Pb²⁺])
Since the reaction involves the dissolution of PbI₂, the initial concentration of PbI₂ can be assumed to be equal to its solubility product:
[PbI₂] = Ksp^(1/2)
Substituting these expressions into the equilibrium constant expression:
K = (Kf / Ksp^(3/2)) [OH⁻]³ / (1 + Kf[Pb²⁺])
Using the given values for Ksp and Kf:
K = (8×10¹³ / (8.70×10⁻⁹)^(3/2)) [OH⁻]³ / (1 + 8×10¹³ (Ksp^(1/2) / [OH⁻]))
Simplifying this expression:
K = 7.03×10¹² [OH⁻]³ / ([OH⁻] + 6.51×10⁻⁵)
Therefore, the equilibrium constant for the reaction is 7.03×10¹².
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Why doesn’t helium undergo nuclear fusion in the Sun?
Helium does undergo nuclear fusion in the Sun, but it is not the primary process that powers the Sun.
What is Helium?
Helium does undergo nuclear fusion in the Sun, but it is not the primary process that powers the Sun. The fusion of hydrogen into helium in the Sun's core is what generates the majority of the Sun's energy output. This process, known as the proton-proton chain reaction, involves a series of steps that ultimately result in the fusion of four hydrogen nuclei (protons) into one helium nucleus.
However, once helium is produced in the Sun's core through this process, it can undergo further fusion reactions. For example, two helium nuclei can fuse to form beryllium-8, which can then either decay back into two helium nuclei or fuse with another helium nucleus to form carbon-12. These reactions do contribute to the overall energy output of the Sun, but they are not the primary process.
So, in short, helium does undergo nuclear fusion in the Sun, but it is not the primary process that powers the Sun.
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central atom in BrF4
Answer:
The central atom in the Lewis structure is the least electronegative atom. Bromine is the less electronegative atom than Fluorine. So, Bromine will occupy the central position and four Fluorine atom will surround it.
Is Na2CO3 + CaCl₂ soluble or insoluble?
The mixture of Na2CO3 and CaCl2 is insoluble because it results in the formation of a precipitate of CaCO3
What is insoluble ?An insoluble material does not dissolve in water.
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:
Na2CO3 + CaCl2 → 2NaCl + CaCO3
In this reaction, sodium carbonate reacts with calcium chloride to form calcium carbonate and sodium chloride.
Calcium carbonate is insoluble in water, so it forms a precipitate, while sodium chloride is soluble in water and remains in solution.
Therefore, The mixture of Na2CO3 and CaCl2 is insoluble because it results in the formation of a precipitate of CaCO3.
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Using 2-methylbut-2ene as your starting product, show the alcohol formed via the oxymercuration-demercuration reaction. Show all relevant mechanisms and intermediates
The reactions are 2-methylbut-2ene + Hg(OAc)₂ + H2O → CH₃COOH + HgOAc(CH₃) + CH₃CH(CH₃)CH₂CH₂OH
HgOAc(CH₃) + NaBH₄ → Hg + CH₃COOH + NaOAc
CH₃CH(CH₃)CH₂CH₂OH
What is reaction?In chemistry, a reaction is a process in which one or more chemicals, known as reactants, transform chemically to create one or more new compounds, known as products. The bonds between the atoms in the reactants are broken during a reaction, and new bonds are created to create the products.
In order to create the appropriate alcohol, 2-methyl but-2 ene undergoes an oxymercuration-demercuration reaction. The detailed mechanism is as follows:
Step 1: Oxymercuration
2-Methylbut-2ene reacts with mercuric acetate (Hg(OAc)2), water (H2O), and a catalyst, such as sulfuric acid (H2SO4), in the first step of the reaction. The formation of a mercurinium ion intermediate results from the double bond of 2-methyl but-2ene attacking the Hg(OAc)2.
Step 2: Nucleophilic Attack
A nucleophile, such as water, attacks the mercurinium ion intermediate in the second phase of the process. The Hg-OAc bond is broken when the water molecule interacts with the mercurinium ion's positively charged carbon atom. As a result, a new carbon-oxygen bond is created, and a protonated alcohol intermediate is created.
Step 3: Demercuration
The protonated alcohol intermediate is reduced to an alcohol in the last phase of the reaction by reacting with a reducing agent, such as sodium borohydride or lithium aluminum hydride, in order to get rid of the mercury atom. The reaction mixture is cleared away once the mercury atom is converted to metallic mercury (Hg). 3-Methyl-2-Butanol is the end result, as illustrated below:
Overall Reaction: 2-methylbut-2 ene + Hg(OAc)₂ + H₂O → CH₃COOH + HgOAc(CH₃) + CH₃CH(CH₃)CH₂CH₂OH
HgOAc(CH₃) + NaBH₄ → Hg + CH₃COOH + NaOAc
CH3CH(CH3)CH2CH2OH
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1. If 0.875 g of gas at 4.25 atm of pressure dissolves in 1.0 L of water at 29.6°C, how much will dissolve in
1.0L of water at 1.5 atm of pressure and the same temperature?
0.309 grams of the gas will dissolve in 1.0 L of water at 1.5 atm of pressure and 29.6°C.
How to solve the question using Henry's lawThe solution to the question would be gotten with the use of Henry's law
solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas above the liquid. This written as :
C1 / P1 = C2 / P2
where C1 and P1 are the initial concentration and pressure, and C2 and P2 are the final concentration and pressure.
Given:
C1 = 0.875 g
P1 = 4.25 atm
P2 = 1.5 atm
We need to find C2, the amount of gas that will dissolve at the new pressure. We can rearrange the formula and solve for C2:
C2 = (C1 * P2) / P1
Now, substitute the given values:
C2 = (0.875 g * 1.5 atm) / 4.25 atm
C2 = 0.309 g
So, approximately 0.309 grams of the gas will dissolve in 1.0 L of water at 1.5 atm of pressure and 29.6°C.
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Reclamation is the process of
Reclamation is the process of: B. returning land to its original or batter condition after mining.
What is Reclamation?
Reclamation seeks to reduce the negative environmental effects of mining operations and return the land to useful and sustainable usage. This could entail actions like removing pollutants, improving the condition of the soil, and reinstalling local plant and animal species. As a result, choice B is the right response.
Option A refers to the separation of ore minerals from gangue minerals during the mineral processing process. Coal mining is a specific kind of mining operation, and it is mentioned in Option C. Option D has nothing to do with mining or reclamation and instead talks about protecting animals.
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Which metal can replace another metal in a reaction?
OA. A metal on the activity series list will replace one that is not on the
list.
B. Any metal on the list can replace any other metal also on the list.
C. A metal higher on the activity series list will replace one that is
lower.
D. A metal lower on the activity series list will replace one that is
higher.
SURMIT
Answer: C. A metal higher on the activity series list will replace one that is lower.
Explanation: Metal higher on the activity series list will replace one that is lower in a chemical reaction because it has a higher tendency to lose electrons and undergo oxidation compared to the metal it is replacing. This is because metals higher on the activity series have a stronger reducing agent, which means they can more easily donate electrons to other substances and cause reduction. In contrast, metals lower on the activity series have a weaker reducing agent and a lower tendency to lose electrons, making them less reactive in chemical reactions. Therefore, a metal higher on the activity series can displace or replace a metal lower on the activity series by donating electrons to the lower activity metal and causing it to undergo oxidation.
please i need help as quick as posible
2. The standard temperature is 273 K while standard pressure is 1 atm
3. The number of molecules is 6.022×10²³ molecules
4. The volume of CO₂ is 80.64 L
5. The number of mole of H₂ is 2.87 moles
6. The number of molecules is 1.51×10²⁴ molecules
2. What is standard temperature and pressure?Standard temperature is defined as 273 K while standard pressure is defined as 1 atm
3. How do i determine the number of molecules?We know that the number of mole of 22.4 L of CH₄ is 1 mole at STP.
Avogadro's hypothesis, suggests that 1 mole of a substance contains 6.022×10²³ molecules
Thus, we can say that the number of molecules of CH₄ in 22.4 L at STP is 6.022×10²³ molecules
4. How do i determine the volume?The volume at STP occupied by 3.6 moles of CO₂ can be obtain as follow:
Number of mole of CO₂ = 3.6 moleVolume of CO₂ =?At standard temperature and pressure, STP,
1 mole of CO₂ = 22.4 L
Therefore,
3.6 moles of CO₂ = (3.6 mole × 22.4 L) / 1 mole
3.6 moles of CO₂ = 80.64 L
Thus, the volume of CO₂ is 80.64 L
5. How do i determine the mole?The mole of H₂ gas can be obtain as follow:
Volume of H₂ = 64.3 LMole of H₂ = ?At standard temperature and pressure, STP,
22.4 L = 1 mole of H₂
Therefore,
64.3 L = (64.3 L × 1 mole) / 22.4 L
64.3 L = 2.87 moles of H₂
Thus, the mole of H₂ is 2.87 moles
6. How do i determine the number of molecules?The number of molecules can be obtain as follow:
Number of mole of F₂ = 2.5 moles Number of molecules of F₂ =?From Avogadro's hypothesis,
1 mole of F₂ = 6.022×10²³ molecules
Therefore
2.5 moles of F₂ = 2.5 × 6.022×10²³
2.5 moles of F₂ = 1.51×10²⁴ molecules
Thus, the number of molecules is 1.51×10²⁴ molecules
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I WILL GIVE YOU 35 POINTS TO THOSE WHO ANSWER THIS QUESTION RIGHT NOOOO SCAMS PLEASE
Answer: 0.02894 M
Explanation: the equation for molarity is M=moles/liters
first convert 2.7g of MgCl2 to moles, to get this divide by the molar mass 95.21g/mol
next plug the values into the equation
M= 0.02836mol/0.98L
M=0.02894 M
The a of a monoprotic weak acid is 0.00361. What is the percent ionization of a 0.155 M solution of this acid?
With an acid dissociation constant (Ka) of 0.00361 and a concentration of this weak acid of 0.155 M, the percent ionization is roughly 11.68%.
How can you determine this acid's % ionization?The percent ionization (% ionization) of a weak acid and its acid dissociation constant (Ka) are connected as follows:
Ka = [tex](H^{+}) (A^{-})[/tex]/(HA)
[tex][H^{+}][/tex]/[HA] x 100% = % ionization
where [tex][H^{+} ][/tex] is the amount of hydrogen ions (measured in M) in the solution, [tex][A^{-}][/tex] is the amount of conjugate base (measured in M), and [HA] is the amount of undissociated weak acid (measured in M).
We can use a quadratic equation to determine the concentration of hydrogen ions at equilibrium given that the weak acid's acid dissociation constant (Ka) is 0.00361.
So, using the formula below, we can determine the weak acid's % ionization:
[tex][H^{+} ][/tex]/[HA] x 100% = % ionization
[tex][H^{+} ][/tex]/c x 100% = % ionization
100% of ionization = (0.0181 M/0.155 M)
Therefore, 11.68% of the acid is ionized.
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Find the normal boiling point of 0.22 m
NaCl(aq), assuming it undergoes complete
dissociation. The boiling point constant of
water is 0.51 K · kg/mol.
Answer in units of ◦C.
The normal boiling point of a 0.22 m NaCl solution is 100.51°C.
What is Boiling Point?
Boiling point is the temperature at which a liquid changes its phase from liquid to gas or vapor at a given pressure. It is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid becomes equal to the atmospheric pressure or the pressure above the liquid surface. At this temperature, the molecules in the liquid gain enough kinetic energy to overcome the intermolecular forces holding them together, and they escape into the gas phase.
The boiling point elevation is given by the equation:
ΔTb = Kb · m
where ΔTb is the boiling point elevation, Kb is the boiling point constant of water, and m is the molality of the NaCl solution.
Assuming complete dissociation of NaCl, 1 mol of NaCl produces 2 mol of ions. Therefore, the molality of the solution is:
m = moles of solute / mass of solvent in kg
We can assume that the mass of the solvent (water) is equal to the mass of the solution, since the mass of NaCl is negligible compared to the mass of water.
m = 0.22 mol / 0.22 kg = 1 mol/kg
Substituting the values into the equation gives:
ΔTb = 0.51 K·kg/mol · 1 mol/kg = 0.51 K
The normal boiling point of water is 100°C, so the boiling point of the NaCl solution is:
Boiling point = normal boiling point of water + ΔTb = 100°C + 0.51°C = 100.51°C
Therefore, the normal boiling point of a 0.22 m NaCl solution is 100.51°C.
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The hydrocarbon octane burns to give CO2 and water vapor.
2 C8H18(g) + 25 O2(g) 16 CO2(g) + 18 H2O(g)
When 0.052 g sample of octane burns completely in O2, the pressure of water vapor in a 4.75 L flask at 30.0°C is 0.021 atm. If the O2 gas needed for complete combustion was contained in a 4.75 L flask at 25.0°C, what would its pressure be?
The chemical formula C8H18 and the condensed structural formula CH3(CH2)6CH3, octane is both an alkane and a hydrocarbon. There are numerous structural isomers of octane, which vary in the number and placement of carbon chain branches.
2,2,4-trimethylpentane, also known as iso-octane, is one of these isomers and is used as one of the reference values on the octane rating scale.
In the beginning, the octane rating was calculated by combining fuels made entirely of regular heptane and iso-octane (2,2,4-trimethylpentane, a highly branched octane), and allocating anti-knock ratings of zero for regular heptane and one hundred for pure iso-octane.
This mixture's anti-knock rating would be equal to the iso-octane content's %. A lower or higher octane rating may result from different octane isomers.
Thus, The chemical formula C8H18 and the condensed structural formula CH3(CH2)6CH3, octane is both an alkane and a hydrocarbon. There are numerous structural isomers of octane, which vary in the number and placement of carbon chain branches.
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450 cm3 of wet soil has a mass of 765 g and an oven-dry mass of 580 g. What is the mass water content (W%) of the sample? If the sample were saturated, how many g of water would the soil contain (assume a particle density of 2.65 g/cm3)? How many grams of water need to be added to the original sample (i.e., 765 g wet weight) to obtain a volumetric water content of 45%?
The percentage of the water that can be found to be present is 36.6%.
What is the percentage of water?We know that the mass percent of the water that is present can be obtained from the information that we have in the question that we have in this case. We can see from the question that has been asked that we have that;
Mass of the wet soil = 765 g
Mass of the dry soil = 580 g
Mass of the water = 765 g - 580 g
= 280 g
The percentage of the water that is contained can now be obtained by the use of the process;
280/765 * 100/1
= 36.6%
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College Chemistry Help Please 2
The net ionic equation is a simplified form of the balanced chemical equation, where spectator ions are removed.
What is equation?An equation is a mathematical statement that expresses the equality or inequality of two expressions. It is composed of two expressions, separated by an equal sign (=). The expressions can be numbers, variables, or a combination of both. Equations are used to describe relationships between different values, such as the slope of a line, the area of a rectangle, or the speed of a car. Equations are also used to solve problems and make predictions.
The potassium and bromide ions remain unchanged on both sides of the equation and hence can be removed. The net ionic equation thus becomes Sn²⁺(aq) + S²⁻(aq) → SnS(s).
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Given the following reaction, 3 CaCO3 + 2 FePO4 Ca3(PO4)2 +
Fe₂(CO3)3, what is the limiting reagent if there are 100 grams of
calcium carbonate and 45 grams of iron (III) phosphate?
A. calcium carbonate
B. calcium phosphate
C. iron (III) phosphate
D. iron (III) carbonate
E. No limiting reagent
Iron (III) Phosphate is the limiting reagent for this reaction.
Explanation:Main concepts:
Concept 1: Molar Mass
Concept 2: Mole ratio
Concept 3: Limiting reagent
Concept 1: Molar Mass
To find how these substances react, we'll need to know the Molar Mass of each of the two compounds we're working with. To find the Molar Mass, add their Atomic Weights from the periodic table:
[tex]M_{CaCO_3} = M_{Ca} + M_{C} + 3*M_{O}[/tex]
[tex]M_{CaCO_3} = (40.08) + (12.01) + 3*(16.00)[/tex]
[tex]M_{CaCO_3} = 100.09 \frac{g}{mol}[/tex]
Or, in other words, [tex]1~\text{mol}~CaCO_{3} = 100.09~\text{g}~CaCO_{3}[/tex]
[tex]M_{FePO_{4}} = M_{Fe} + M_{P} + 4*M_{O}[/tex]
[tex]M_{FePO_{4}} = (55.85) + (30.97) + 4*(16.00)[/tex]
[tex]M_{FePO_{4}} = 150.82 \frac{g}{mol}[/tex]
Or, in other words, [tex]1~\text{mol}~FePO_{4} = 150.82~\text{g}~FePO_{4}[/tex]
Concept 2: Mole ratio
Mole ratios are determined from the Balanced Chemical Equation:
[tex]3~CaCO_3 + 2~FePO_{4} \rightarrow Ca_{3}(PO_4)_{2} + Fe_{2}(CO_{3})_{3}[/tex]
This Equation tells us that 3 moles of [tex]CaCO_3[/tex] react with 2 moles of [tex]FePO_{4}[/tex] to produce 1 mole each of [tex]Ca_{3}(PO_4)_{2}[/tex] and [tex]Fe_{2}(CO_{3})_{3}[/tex].
Looking at just the two compounds we're interested in from the question, each time the reaction occurs, we're combining 3 moles of [tex]CaCO_3[/tex] with 2 moles of [tex]FePO_{4}[/tex]. So, when the reaction occurs, [tex]3~\text{mol}~CaCO_3 = 2~\text{mol}~FePO_{4}[/tex].
From that equation, two mole ratios can be formed (each is just a reciprocal of the other):
[tex]\dfrac{3~\text{mol}~CaCO_3} {2~\text{mol}~FePO_{4}}[/tex] and [tex]\dfrac{2~\text{mol}~FePO_{4}} {3~\text{mol}~CaCO_3}[/tex]
Which mole ratio we'll need depends on which units we need to cancel out.
Concept 3: Limiting reagent
We were given that there are 100 g of Calcium Carbonate [tex]CaCO_3[/tex]. If it were to completely react, then it would follow the mole ratio for the balanced equation.
First, use the Molar mass to convert from grams to moles, then the mole ratio to convert between moles of one substance to moles of the other. Finally, use the other substance's Molar mass to convert into grams to find out how many grams of the second substance would be needed to completely react with the first.
[tex]\dfrac{100~\text{g}~CaCO_3}{} * \dfrac {1~\text{mol}~CaCO_3}{100.09~\text{g}~CaCO_3}} *\dfrac{2~\text{mol}~FePO_{4}} {3~\text{mol}~CaCO_3} *\dfrac{150.82~\text{g}~FePO_{4}} {1~\text{mol}~FePO_{4}} =[/tex]
[tex]=100.456~\text{g}~FePO_{4}[/tex] would be needed to completely react the 100 grams of Calcium Carbonate.
Recall that we only have 45 grams of Iron (III) Phosphate, which is not the 100.456g needed. This means we don't have enough of the Iron (III) Phosphate to completely react all of the Calcium Carbonate.
In other words, the amount of Iron (III) Phosphate is insufficient to use up all of the Calcium Carbonate, and so it is the Iron (III) Phosphate that is holding us back from completing the reaction.
Thus, the Iron (III) Phosphate is the limiting reagent.
Looking at things another way
If we had started by looking at the 45g of Iron (III) Phosphate, and found out how much Calcium Carbonate we would have needed to react it completely, we would have found that we had more than enough Calcium Carbonate. Therefore, the Calcium Carbonate was not holding us back from completing the reaction, and the Calcium Carbonate is not the limiting reagent. Observe:
[tex]\dfrac{45~\text{g}~FePO_{4}}{} * \dfrac{1~\text{mol}~FePO_{4}}{150.82~\text{g}~FePO_{4}} *\dfrac {3~\text{mol}~CaCO_3}{2~\text{mol}~FePO_{4}} * \dfrac {100.09~\text{g}~CaCO_3} {1~\text{mol}~CaCO_3} = 44.7956~\text{g}~CaCO_3[/tex]
A word of caution!
While for this particular reaction, roughly the same number of grams of each substance is needed to complete the reaction, this is rarely true. The Molar Masses and the appropriate Mole ratio must be used to find the amount of each substance needed.
4. a. If you used a test tube with a small opening instead of a beaker or evaporating dish, how might it affect your results? b. Suppose that you heated a sample of a hydrated ionic compound in a test tube. What might you expect to see inside, near the mouth of the test tube? Explain.
College Chemistry Help Please 3
The net ionic equation for the reaction between silver nitrate and potssium carbonate will be : 2Ag+(aq) + CO3^(2-)(aq) → Ag2CO3(s).
How do you get the ionic equation?To write the net ionic equation, you will first need to write the complete and balanced ionic equation:
2Ag⁺(aq) + 2NO₃⁻(aq) + 2K⁺(aq) + CO₃²⁻(aq) → Ag₂CO₃(s) + 2K⁺(aq) + 2NO₃⁻(aq)
In this equation, the potassium ions and nitrate ions are spectator ions, and as you might have learnt, they are present in the same form on both the reactant and product sides of the equation. So, you can safely eliminate them from the equation to write the net ionic equation:
2Ag⁺(aq) + CO₃²⁻(aq) → Ag₂CO₃(s)
The net ionic equation shows you only the species that participate in the reaction and undergo a change, which in this case are the silver ions and the carbonate ion. It does not show you the species that are remaning unchanged ,that is spectator ions.
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What type of reaction is this?
2 Al +3 CuSO4→ Al2(SO4)3 + 3 Cu
Answer:
This is a single displacement or single replacement reaction. In this reaction, aluminum (Al) displaces copper (Cu) from its compound copper sulfate (CuSO4) to form aluminum sulfate (Al2(SO4)3) and copper metal (Cu). The general form of a single displacement reaction is:
A + BC → AC + B
where A is a more reactive metal than B, and A displaces B from its compound BC to form AC and B. In this case, aluminum is more reactive than copper and it displaces copper from copper sulfate.
Which statement best describes the polarity of the molecule Pl3?
Phosphorus triiodide is a nonpolar molecule.
Why is PI3 non polar?We have to note that the polarity of a molecule would have a lot to do with the shape of the molecule. In other words, the arrangement of the atoms in the molecules tell us if the molecule would be polar or not.
The three iodine atoms are symmetrically positioned around the center phosphorus atom because the molecule has a trigonal pyramidal structure. As a result, the three P-I bonds' respective dipole moments cancel out and provide a net dipole moment of zero.
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If i need to make 1.00 L of 0.750 M potassium Bromide solution, but only have access to a solution that is 5.00 M. How much of the more concentrated solution do i need?
A. 1.50
B. 0.15
C. 3.75
D. 0.38
We need to take 0.15L (150 ml) of the 5M potassium bromide solution and dilute it to 1L with 0.85L of solvent (such as water). So the answer is option B. 0.15 ml.
What is molarity?The molar concentration of a chemical entity in a solution, specifically the amount of a solute per unit volume of solution, has been measured to be its molarity.
We can use the dilution formula to find out how much of the 5 M potassium bromide solution is needed to prepare 1 L of 0.75 M solution. The dilution formula is:
M₁V₁ = M₂V₂
Substituting the values provided in the given problem, we get:
(5 M)*V₁= (0.75 M)(1 L)
Solving for V1, we get:
V₁= (0.75 M)(1 L) / (5 M)
V₁ = 0.15 L
Therefore, we need to take 0.15 L of the 5 M KBr solution and dilute it to a total volume of 1 L to prepare a 0.750 M solution.
To prepare the final solution, we need to add enough solvent (for example, water) to bring the total volume to 1 L. The amount of solvent needed is:
volume of solvent = total volume - volume of concentrated solution
volume of solvent = 1 L - 0.15 L = 0.85 L
Therefore, we need to take 0.15 L of the 5 M KBr solution and dilute it to 1 L with 0.85 L of water.
So the answer is (B) 0.15.
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Study the reaction and its table of experimental results.
X + 2Y + 3Z →
2L + 4T
The rate law for this reaction is Rate = K [Y]2[Z]
The Specific Rate Constant of the reaction X + 2Y + 3Z → 2L + 4T is 0.25. By using rate law for the above reaction is R = K [Y]² [Z].
The proportionality constant in the equation that defines the link between the rate of a chemical reaction and the concentrations of the reacting chemicals is known as the rate constant, also known as the Specific Rate constant.
From Given Table of Experiments :
Experiment 1
R = K [Y]² [Z]
1 × 10⁻⁴ = K [0.2]² [0.01]
K = 1 × 10⁻⁴ / [0.04] [0.01]
K = 1 × 10⁻⁴ / 4 × 10⁻⁴
K = 1 / 4
K = 0.25
Experiment 2
R = K [Y]² [Z]
9 × 10⁻⁴ = K [0.6]² [0.01]
K = 9 × 10⁻⁴ / [0.36] [0.01]
K = 9 × 10⁻⁴ / 36 × 10⁻⁴
K = 9 / 36
K = 0.25
Experiment 3
R = K [Y]² [Z]
9 × 10⁻⁴ = K [0.6]² [0.01]
K = 9 × 10⁻⁴ / [0.36] [0.01]
K = 9 × 10⁻⁴ / 36 × 10⁻⁴
K = 9 / 36
K = 0.25
Experiment 4
R = K [Y]² [Z]
36 × 10⁻⁴ = K [0.6]² [0.04]
K = 36 × 10⁻⁴ / [0.36] [0.04]
K = 36 × 10⁻⁴ / × 10⁻⁴
K = 36 / 144
K = 0.25
Therefore, The correct option is (D) 0.25.
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Question 6 (1 point)
6. The 1990 amendments of the Clean Air Act of 1972 have addressed the problem
of acid precipitation by successfully reducing emissions of:
a. Carbon monoxide (CO)
b. Sulphur oxide (SOx)
c. Lead (Pb)
d. PM10
Question 7 (1 point)
7. Getting an increasingly higher dose of a cumulative contaminant as an animal's.
position in a food chain rises is called:
a. Toxic shock
b. Incomplete neutralization
Oc. Organic overload
Od. Biological magnification
The answer to the sixth question is emissions of sulphur oxide. Option b is correct. The answer to the seventh question is biological magnification. Option d is correct.
What was the premise of The 1990 amendments of the Clean Air Act of 1972? What is biological magnification?The premise of the 1990 amendments of the Clean Air Act of 1972 was to address the issue of air pollution and its detrimental effects on our health and our environment. The amendments were passed to establish a comprehensive program to reduce air pollution by setting emission standards for industries, requiring the use of cleaner technologies, and enforcing penalties for violations ofthe same.
Biological magnification, is more commonly taught in our schools as biomagnification, and is the process by which certain substances, such as toxic chemicals, become increasingly concentrated as they move up the food chain. This occurs because organisms at lower levels of the food chain absorb these substances from their environment and these toxic substances are stored in their tissues. When predators prey upon these organisms, they absorb the accumulated substances as well, and the concentration of the substances in their bodies becomes even higher. This process can proceed up the food chain, and in extremely high concentrations of toxic substances of top predators, such as birds of prey and marine mammals.
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how many moles is 58.2 g of copper (II) phosphate
58.2 g of copper (II) phosphate is equal to 0.153 moles.
To find the number of moles in 58.2 g of copper (II) phosphate, we need to divide the mass by the molar mass of the compound.
The molar mass of copper (II) phosphate can be calculated by adding the atomic masses of copper, phosphorus, and oxygen :
Cu3(PO4)2
Cu: 63.5 g/mol
P: 31 g/mol
O: 16 g/mol (there are 8 oxygen atoms in the molecule)
Molar mass of Cu3(PO4)2 = 3(63.5) + 2(31) + 8(16) = 380.5 g/mol
Now we can find the number of moles:
moles = mass / molar mass
moles = 58.2 g / 380.5 g/mol
moles ≅ 0.153 moles
Therefore, 58.2 g of copper (II) phosphate is equal to 0.153 moles.
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If 2.18 grams of magnesium react at 25.0° C and 745 mmHg, how many liters of oxygen will be
used in the balanced chemical reaction below?
2 Mg(s) + O₂(g) → 2 MgO(s)
The amount of oxygen in liters that will be used in the reaction is approximately 1.22 liters.
As given in the question the balanced reaction is:
2 Mg(s) + O₂(g) → 2 MgO(s)
which means, 2 moles of magnesium react with 1 mole of oxygen to produce 2 moles of magnesium oxide.
The molar mass of magnesium=24.31 g/mol
Given the mass of magnesium = 2.18g
The number of moles of magnesium =2.18g/24.31 g/mol =0.0896mol
Therefore, according to the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical equation:
0.0896 mol of magnesium will react with 0.0896/2= 0.0448 mol of oxygen to form Magnesium oxide.
Now, according to the ideal gas law,
For oxygen, PV=nRT
where P= pressure in atm
V= volume in liters
n= number of moles
R= gas constant(0.08206L atm/mol K)
T= temperature in Kelvin.
Converting the given pressure and temperature units in standard form:
P= 745 mmHg/760 mmHg/atm
=0.979 atm
T= 25.0° C +273.15= 298.15 K
Now putting the values in the ideal gas law:
PV=nRT
Therefore, V =nRT/P
=(0.0448 mol)(0.08206 L atm/mol K)(298.15 K) / (0.979 atm)
=1.22 L(approx)
Hence the volume of oxygen is 1.22 L.
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Ammonium perchlorate nh4clo4 is the solid rocket fuel used by the u.s. space shuttle. it reacts with itself to produce nitrogen gas n2 , chlorine gas cl2 , oxygen gas o2 , water h2o , and a great deal of energy. what mass of oxygen gas is produced by the reaction of 3.1g of ammonium perchlorate?
0.9792 g of [tex]O_2[/tex] is produced by the chemical reaction of 3.1 g of ammonium perchlorate.
What is chemical reaction ?
A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the transformation of one set of chemical substances to another.
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction of ammonium perchlorate and the products formed is:
[tex]NH_4ClO_4 \rightarrow N_2 + Cl_2 + O_2 + 2H_2O[/tex]
From the equation, we can see that for every one mole of ammonium perchlorate that reacts, one mole of [tex]O_2[/tex] is produced.
To find the mass of [tex]O_2[/tex] produced by the reaction of 3.1 g of ammonium perchlorate, we need to first calculate the number of moles of ammonium perchlorate present:
molar mass of [tex]NH_4ClO_4 = NH_4 (1 * 4 + 14) + Cl + 4O (16 * 4) = 101.5 g/mol[/tex]
moles of [tex]NH_4ClO_4 = mass / molar mass = 3.1 / 101.5 = 0.0306 mol[/tex]
Since the mole ratio of [tex]NH_4ClO_4[/tex] to [tex]O_2[/tex] is 1:1, the number of moles of [tex]O_2[/tex]produced is also 0.0306 mol.
Finally, we can calculate the mass of [tex]O_2[/tex] produced using its molar mass:
molar mass of [tex]O_2[/tex] = 32 g/mol
mass of [tex]O_2[/tex] = moles of [tex]O_2[/tex] × molar mass of [tex]O_2[/tex]
= 0.0306 mol × 32 g/mol
= 0.9792 g
Therefore, 0.9792 g of [tex]O_2[/tex] is produced by the reaction of 3.1 g of ammonium perchlorate.
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When an acid reacts with a metal, what is one of the usual products?
O carbon dioxide
O salt
Ohydrogen gas
O water
Onone of the above
Answer:
salt
Explanation:
the metal cation will form an ionic compound with the conjugate base of the acid to form a salt
Oxidation state of the iodine (I) in IO3– and chlorine (Cl) in ClO–?
Answer: The oxidation state of chlorine (Cl) in ClO– is +1.
Explanation:
To determine the oxidation state of iodine (I) in IO3– and chlorine (Cl) in ClO–, we can use the oxidation state rules.
For IO3– (iodate ion):
The sum of the oxidation states for all atoms in a polyatomic ion equals the charge of the ion. In this case, the charge is -1.
Oxygen typically has an oxidation state of -2.
There are three oxygen atoms in the iodate ion.
Let x be the oxidation state of iodine (I). Then, we can write the equation:
x + 3(-2) = -1
x - 6 = -1
x = +5
The oxidation state of iodine (I) in IO3– is +5.
For ClO– (hypochlorite ion):
The sum of the oxidation states for all atoms in a polyatomic ion equals the charge of the ion. In this case, the charge is -1.
Oxygen typically has an oxidation state of -2.
Let y be the oxidation state of chlorine (Cl). Then, we can write the equation:
y + (-2) = -1
y - 2 = -1
y = +1
The oxidation state of chlorine (Cl) in ClO– is +1.
Ignoring the possibility of stereoisomers, name the following substance. In the ring, each vertex represents a carbon atom and hydrogen atoms are not shown. CH3 CH₂CH₂CH3
Ignoring the possibility of stereoisomers the following substance is called butane.
Stereoisomers are molecules with the same chemical formula and sequence of bonded atoms but differ in their three-dimensional arrangement in space. They arise due to the presence of one or more chiral centers in the molecule that give rise to non-superimposable mirror images.
The two types of stereoisomers are enantiomers and diastereomers. Enantiomers are mirror images that are non-superimposable, while diastereomers are non-mirror images that are non-superimposable. Stereoisomers can have different physical, chemical, and biological properties and are important in fields such as drug development and organic synthesis.
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Natural gas is a natural resource used by Americans for heating and for generating electricity. If individual Americans continue to each use the same amount of natural gas each year, then which of the following will also be true?
A.
Natural gas will become the most commonly used energy resource in the U.S.
B.
The amount of natural gas consumed in the U.S. will change as the population changes.
C.
The amount of natural gas consumed in the U.S. will remain constant even if the population size changes.
Answer:
C. The amount of natural gas consumed in the U.S. will remain constant even if the population size changes.
Sort the descriptions into either A.-Endothermic or B.-Exothermic.
1. water freezing
2. energy is absorb
3. heating pack
4. temperature of surroundings increase.
5. respiration
6. Energy is released
7. ice melting
8. photosynthesis
9. temperature of surroundings decrease
10. cooling pack
According to the research, the following reactions are classified between exothermic and endothermic:
water freezing - Exothermicenergy is absorb- Endothermicheating pack- Exothermictemperature of surroundings increase- Exothermic.respiration- ExothermicEnergy is released- Endothermicice melting - Endothermicphotosynthesis - Endothermictemperature of surroundings decrease - Endothermiccooling pack - EndothermicWhat are exothermic and endothermic reactions?They are those processes that lead to the combination or modification of atomic nuclei that produces the release or absorption of energy.
In this sense, endothermic reactions where the energy of the product of the reaction is greater than the energy of the reactants and if the reaction releases energy in the form of heat or light, the process is exothermic.
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, in endothermic reactions, elements absorb energy from the system and exothermic reactions, during their development, release energy.
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