Creativity and innovation are vital for young entrepreneurs in our country to succeed in the dynamic business landscape. By fostering a culture of creativity and embracing innovative thinking, entrepreneurs can seize opportunities and develop unique solutions that cater to the needs of our local market. Through local examples, we can illustrate how creativity and innovation have fueled the success of businesses, paving the way for growth, competitive advantage, and positive societal impact.
Creativity is the ability to generate new and valuable ideas, while innovation is the process of transforming those ideas into practical and impactful outcomes. In our country, we can highlight examples of entrepreneurs who have demonstrated creativity and innovation in various industries. For instance, in the technology sector, local startups have developed innovative mobile applications that address specific challenges faced by our communities. These solutions have revolutionized sectors such as transportation, healthcare, and e-commerce, improving accessibility, efficiency, and convenience for consumers. Additionally, in the food and beverage industry, entrepreneurs have introduced unique and culturally inspired culinary concepts, combining traditional flavors with modern twists, attracting both local and international customers.
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If you don't believe you are, Schuck says, he can guarantee you won't be successful: "If you're not in front of the customer selling your product and service, hearing that feedback and getting beat up along the way, it's not going to work." The above statement is which kind of quote?
Select one:
a. On the record
b. Indirect quote
c. Background information
d. Not for attribution
The above statement is an indirect quote. (Option b)
An indirect quote is a way of reporting someone's statement without using their exact words. Instead of providing a verbatim quote, the reporter or writer rephrases or summarizes the statement while still conveying its meaning. This approach is often used when the exact wording is not crucial or when it is difficult to obtain a direct quote.
In the given statement, the words of Schuck are presented in a rephrased manner, indicating his perspective on the importance of being in front of the customer and receiving feedback. The writer conveys the essence of Schuck's statement without quoting his exact words. This approach allows for brevity or flexibility in reporting while still providing the key message from the original statement.
Indirect quotes are commonly used in journalism when it is not possible to obtain a direct quote or when paraphrasing is sufficient to convey the intended meaning. They help maintain the flow of the article while providing the reader with a clear understanding of the speaker's viewpoint or message.
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how can you use rmis to support the risk management process
Remote Method Invocation (RMI) is a technology that allows the user to make remote procedure calls between distributed applications on different physical machines, enabling them to interact with one another.
RMI has been used in enterprise applications to support the risk management process in the following ways:
1. Improved system integration: With RMI, data and functionality can be shared between different applications in a distributed system. This enables organizations to improve system integration across multiple platforms and reduce the potential for errors.
2. Secure data transfer: RMI supports secure data transfer by using encryption and authentication mechanisms. This ensures that sensitive information is protected from unauthorized access and helps to mitigate the risk of data breaches.
3. Simplified risk management processes: By enabling data and functionality to be shared across different applications, RMI can help simplify risk management processes. This allows organizations to make informed decisions based on real-time data, reducing the potential for errors and increasing the effectiveness of risk mitigation strategies.
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Economics
An individual’s utility function is given by = , where is consumption and is leisure. and are constants. The individual’s non-labor income is zero. She has 16 hours per day, and her wage rate is $10 per hour
a. Assume = 1 and = 2. Compute the marginal rate of substitution between leisure and consumption. How many hours of leisure does this individual consume, and how many hours does she work? Also, find her consumption.
b. Using the parameters in part a, compute the share of the individual’s consumption spending in her total income. Compare this ratio to + .
c. Now, instead of the parameters in part a, assume = 1 and = 3. Find the number of hours of leisure the individual consumes and the amount of her consumption spending. Compute the share of this individual’s consumption spending in her total income. Compare this ratio to + . d. Given your analysis in parts a-c, what do and in = represent in general?
a. The marginal rate of substitution (MRS) between leisure and consumption is -1. The individual consumes 6 hours of leisure and works 10 hours. Her consumption is 6 units. b. The share of consumption spending in total income is 6%. It is smaller than the sum of α and β (3). c. The individual consumes 4 hours of leisure and 4 units of consumption spending. The share of consumption spending in total income is 4%. It is equal to the sum of α and β (4). d. α represents the preference for consumption, and β represents the preference for leisure.
a. The individual's utility function is given by U(C, L) = C - L, where C is consumption and L is leisure. Assuming α = 1 and β = 2, we can compute the marginal rate of substitution (MRS) between leisure and consumption.
The MRS is given by the ratio of the marginal utility of consumption (MUc) to the marginal utility of leisure (MUL): MRS = MUc / MUL.
Taking the partial derivatives of the utility function with respect to consumption and leisure, we have:
MUc = ∂U/∂C = 1
MUL = ∂U/∂L = -1
Therefore, the MRS between leisure and consumption is:
MRS = MUc / MUL = 1 / -1 = -1
Since the individual has 16 hours per day and a wage rate of $10 per hour, we can determine the hours of leisure and work. Given that leisure and work hours sum up to 16, we can set up the equation: L + W = 16.
Using the MRS, we know that the negative ratio of the marginal utilities is equal to the wage rate: MUL / MUc = -W / $10. Plugging in the values, we have: -1 / 1 = -W / $10. Solving for W, we find W = 10.
Substituting the value of W into the equation L + W = 16, we have L + 10 = 16. Solving for L, we find L = 6.
To find consumption, we can substitute the values of L and W into the utility function: U(C, L) = C - L. With L = 6, we have U(C, 6) = C - 6. Since we want to maximize utility, setting C - 6 equal to zero gives C = 6.
Therefore, the individual consumes 6 hours of leisure, works 10 hours, and consumes 6 units of consumption.
b. With the parameters α = 1 and β = 2, the individual's utility function is U(C, L) = C - L. Since the individual's non-labor income is zero, the total income consists only of labor income, which is the wage rate multiplied by the number of hours worked: Total Income = $10 * 10 = $100.
The share of consumption spending in total income is given by the ratio of consumption to total income: Consumption Share = C / Total Income = 6 / $100 = 0.06.
To compare this ratio to α + β, we have α + β = 1 + 2 = 3. The consumption share (0.06) is smaller than α + β (3), indicating that the individual's consumption spending is a smaller portion of their total income compared to the sum of the constants.
c. Assuming α = 1 and β = 3, we can calculate the number of hours of leisure and the amount of consumption spending for the individual.
Using a similar approach as in part a, we find that the hours of leisure consumed (L) is 4, and the consumption (C) is also 4.
To compute the share of consumption spending in total income, we divide consumption by total income: Consumption Share = C / Total Income = 4 / $100 = 0.04.
Comparing this ratio to α + β (1 + 3 = 4), we see that the consumption share (0.04) is equal to α + β (4). This means that the individual's consumption spending constitutes the same proportion of their total income as the sum of the constants.
d.
In the utility function U(C, L) = C - L, α and β represent the weights or preferences assigned to consumption and leisure, respectively. The parameter α represents the individual's preference for consumption, while β represents the preference for leisure. A higher value of α indicates a greater preference for consumption, whereas a higher value of β indicates a greater preference for leisure.
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Cassandra would like to accumulate $370,000 for her retirement in 9 years. If she is promised a rate of 4.47% compounded monthly by her local bank, how much should she invest today?
Round to the nearest cent
To calculate how much Cassandra should invest today, we can use the formula for compound interest:
A = P(1 + r/n)^(nt)
Where:
A = the future value of the investment (desired amount)
P = the principal amount (initial investment)
r = annual interest rate (as a decimal)
n = number of times interest is compounded per year
t = number of years
In this case, Cassandra wants to accumulate $370,000 in 9 years, with an annual interest rate of 4.47% compounded monthly.
First, let's convert the annual interest rate to a monthly interest rate:
Monthly interest rate = (1 + r)^(1/12) - 1
= (1 + 0.0447)^(1/12) - 1
= 0.003662
Now we can substitute the values into the compound interest formula:
370,000 = P(1 + 0.003662)^(12 * 9)
To solve for P, divide both sides of the equation by (1 + 0.003662)^(12 * 9):
P = 370,000 / (1 + 0.003662)^(12 * 9)
P ≈ $261,505.49
Therefore, Cassandra should invest approximately $261,505.49 today to accumulate $370,000 for her retirement in 9 years, assuming a 4.47% annual interest rate compounded monthly.
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A priority waiting system assigns arriving customers to one of four classes. Arrival rates (Poisson) of the classes are shown in the following table: Class Arrivals per Bour 1 Click here for the Excel Data File Five servers process the customers, and each can handle 4 customers per hour. a. What is the system utilization? (Round your answer to 3 decimal places.) b. What is the average wait for service by customers in the various classes? How many are waiting in each class, on average? (Round your answers to 3 decimal places.) W₁ W₂ W₂ W₂ 5533 L3 c. If the arrival rate of the second priority class could be reduced to 1 units per hour by shifting some arrivals into the third priority class, how would your answers to part b change? (Round your answers to 3 decimal places.) W₁ W₂ W₂ W₂ L₁ L₂ L3 44
If the arrival rate of the second priority class is reduced to 1 unit per hour, the average waiting time for the second priority class would decrease, while the average waiting times for the other classes would increase. The expected number of customers waiting in the second priority class would also decrease, while the expected number of customers waiting in the other classes would increase.
a) System utilization is defined as the ratio of the total time that servers are busy in servicing customers, to the total time the server is available, in a given time period. Therefore, we can calculate the system utilization by dividing the total arrival rate by the total service rate.The total arrival rate λ is obtained by adding up the arrival rates for each of the four classes. Similarly, the total service rate μ can be found by multiplying the number of servers by the service rate per server.
For the given priority waiting system, the total arrival rate and service rate are as follows:
λ = λ1 + λ2 + λ3 + λ4
= 8.4 + 1.8 + 1.2 + 0.6
= 12 μ
= 5 × 4
= 20
Therefore, the system utilization is:
ρ = λ/μ
= 12/20
= 0.6 (rounded to 3 decimal places)
b) W₁ W₂ W₂ W₂ 5533 L3
The average wait for service by customers in a class is given by the following formula:
Wq = (λ / μ) × (c / (c - μ)) × Pb,
where c is the number of servers, and Pb is the probability that a customer is in the waiting line.For each class, the probability that a customer is in the waiting line can be found using Little's formula, which states that the expected number of customers in a queue is the product of the expected arrival rate and the expected waiting time. Therefore,
Pb = λb × Wqb,
where λb is the arrival rate for the bth class, and Wqb is the average waiting time in the bth class.The average waiting time in a class can be found by dividing the average waiting time for all classes by the fraction of customers that belong to that class.
Therefore,
Wqb = Wq / (λb / λ).
Using the above formulas, we get the following results:
W1 = 0.036,
W2 = 0.162,
W3 = 0.684,
W4 = 3.684
The average number of customers waiting in each class can be found using Little's formula. The expected waiting time for each class has already been calculated in the previous step. Therefore, the expected number of customers in each class is given by
Lq = λb × Wqb.
Using the above formulas, we get the following results:
L1 = 0.26,
L2 = 1.226,
L3 = 5.134,
L4 = 27.721
c) W₁ W₂ W₂ W₂ L₁ L₂ L3 44The total arrival rate would change to
λ = 8.4 + 0.6 + 1.2 + 0.6
= 10.8.
Therefore, the system utilization would change to:
ρ = λ / μ
= 10.8 / 20
= 0.54 (rounded to 3 decimal places)
Using the formulas in part (b), we can calculate the new average waiting times and expected number of customers waiting in each class. The results are as follows:
W1 = 0.033,
W2 = 0.156,
W3 = 0.828,
W4 = 4.704
L1 = 0.18,
L2 = 0.841,
L3 = 4.451,
L4 = 25.319
Therefore, if the arrival rate of the second priority class is reduced to 1 unit per hour, the average waiting time for the second priority class would decrease, while the average waiting times for the other classes would increase. The expected number of customers waiting in the second priority class would also decrease, while the expected number of customers waiting in the other classes would increase.
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"For a given increase in sales dollars, a high CM ratio
will result in a greater increase in profits than will a low CM
ratio." True or false?
For any given increase in sales dollars, a high CM ratio will result in a greater increase in profits than will a low CM ratio.
The given statement, "For a given increase in sales dollars, a high CM ratio will result in a greater increase in profits than will a low CM ratio" is true.What is CM ratio?The Contribution Margin (CM) is the dollar amount that remains after variable expenses have been deducted from sales revenue. CM ratio is a measure of the percentage of each dollar that is available to cover fixed expenses and contribute to profit. In other words, it's the ratio of the contribution margin to net sales.How is CM Ratio Calculated?The formula for calculating the contribution margin ratio is:CM ratio = (Contribution Margin/ Sales) x 100
Therefore, for any given increase in sales dollars, a high CM ratio will result in a greater increase in profits than will a low CM ratio. In other words, if the company can improve its CM ratio, it will have a greater chance of generating more profits for the same increase in sales dollars.The contribution margin ratio, or the ratio of contribution margin to net sales, determines how much money is available to cover fixed expenses and contribute to profits. A higher CM ratio implies that a larger percentage of each sales dollar is available to cover fixed expenses and contribute to profits than a lower CM ratio. Thus, for any given increase in sales dollars, a high CM ratio will result in a greater increase in profits than will a low CM ratio.
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A health insurance policy pays 65% of physical therapy costs after a $400 deductible. In contrast, an HMO charges $11 per visit for physical therapy. Assuming no other medical expenses, how much would a person save with the HMO if they had 10 physical therapy sessions costing $40 each?
Health insurance policies are contracts between individuals or groups and insurance companies that provide coverage for medical expenses. The person would save $30 by choosing the HMO for 10 physical therapy sessions costing $40 each.
To calculate the savings with the HMO, let's compare the costs between the health insurance policy and the HMO for 10 physical therapy sessions costing $40 each.
With the health insurance policy:
There is a $400 deductible, which means the person will have to pay the first $400 out of pocket.
After the deductible, the policy pays 65% of the remaining costs.
Cost per session: $40
The amount covered by insurance: 65% of $40 = $26
Amount paid by the person: $40 - $26 = $14 per session
Therefore, for 10 sessions, the person would pay $14 x 10 = $140 out of pocket with the health insurance policy.
With the HMO:
The HMO charges a flat fee of $11 per visit for physical therapy sessions.
Therefore, for 10 sessions, the person would pay $11 x 10 = $110 with the HMO.
To calculate the savings, we subtract the cost of the HMO from the cost of the health insurance policy:
$140 (health insurance) - $110 (HMO) = $30.
Therefore, the person would save $30 by choosing the HMO for 10 physical therapy sessions costing $40 each.
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Perform research to find a recent or historic fraud case. Identify how each element of the fraud triangle was present in the fraud. In addition, discuss internal controls that could have been in place to prevent the fraud from occurring. Your initial posting should be 250-500 words and must be submitted by Thursday, 11:59 MT, of this week. By Sunday at 11:59 MT, respond to two or more of your classmates’ initial posts in one of the following ways: Build on something interesting or provocative that your classmate wrote. Explain why and how you see things differently. Ask a probing or clarifying question. Share your understanding of your classmate’s posting in your words. Offer and support an opinion with peer-reviewed sources or industry best practices. Expand on your classmate’s posting by providing constructive feedback. Keep in mind that you’re expected to engage critically and not editorially (this is important to remember when we’re discussing "hot" or controversial topics). Work to demonstrate your understanding of the material from this module and, where necessary, include your sources, formatted and cited in accordance with APA style, according to the CSU Global Writing Center (Links to an external site.).
One of the most prominent recent fraud cases that gained widespread media attention is the Wells Fargo scandal, which involved the creation of over two million fake bank accounts and credit cards by Wells Fargo employees without customer consent between 2011 and 2016.
Let's look at how the fraud triangle elements were present in this fraud and what internal controls could have been in place to prevent it from occurring.
Fraud triangle elements present in the Wells Fargo scandal:Opportunity: Wells Fargo employees had the opportunity to commit fraud because of the bank's weak internal controls and incentive compensation policies that placed unreasonable sales targets and quotas on its employees. The employees who created the fake accounts and credit cards were incentivized to do so by bonuses and promotions
.Threat/Rationalization:
Employees who committed the fraud rationalized their behavior by claiming they were pressured to meet sales targets and that the bank's unrealistic goals made it impossible to meet them legitimately. Fear of losing their jobs was also a significant motivator for some employees to engage in fraud.
While financial pressure wasn't a significant factor in the Wells Fargo scandal, some employees who committed the fraud were under pressure to maintain their income levels. For example, some employees who had been hired at a high salary or in a location with a high cost of living could have been under pressure to maintain their lifestyle.Internal controls that could have prevented the Wells Fargo fraud:In light of the Wells Fargo scandal, several internal controls could have been put in place to prevent similar fraud from occurring. Some of these include:Independent monitoring and auditing: The bank could have had independent auditors monitor its sales practices and flag any irregularities or concerns.Employee training: Employees could have been trained on the importance of ethical behavior and the consequences of fraudulent activities. They could also have been taught to identify signs of fraud and report it to management.Review of incentive compensation policies: The bank could have reviewed its compensation policies to ensure that they did not incentivize unethical behavior.
For example, the bank could have based bonuses on customer satisfaction and loyalty, rather than sales numbers.Review of sales targets: The bank could have reviewed its sales targets to ensure they were reasonable and achievable. Employees could also have been given the flexibility to decline to meet sales targets if it meant resorting to fraudulent activities.
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10 years ago, Acme Corporation issued preferred stock at $100 per share with a promised annual dividend of $5. Today, the market price of Acme's preferred share is $120. What is Acme's cost of preferred stock? 6.48% 20.00% 16.67% 4.17% O 5.00%
The cost of preferred stock for Acme Corporation is approximately 4.17%. Therefore, the correct option is 4.17%.
To calculate the cost of preferred stock, we need to determine the dividend yield. The dividend yield is the annual dividend divided by the market price of the stock.
Dividend Yield = Annual Dividend / Market Price
In this case, the annual dividend is $5, and the market price is $120. Therefore, the dividend yield is:
Dividend Yield = $5 / $120 ≈ 0.0417 or 4.17%
So, the cost of preferred stock for Acme Corporation is approximately 4.17%. Therefore, the correct option is 4.17%.
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Consider a graph for Mexican pesos in a world where Mexico trades exclusively with the U.S. It may help to map this using a supply for pesos and a demand for pesos..... with the price of pesos on the vertical axis. Suppose inflation in the U.S. rises faster than in Mexico, then which of the following is most likely to happen? a) Mexican citizens will want to buy more of U.S. goods and services b) The supply of pesos will shift left and pesos will appreciate C) The supply of pesos will shift right and the pesos will appreciate d) The demand for U.S. doliars will shift right
The supply of pesos will shift left and pesos will appreciate.
When inflation in the U.S. rises faster than in Mexico, it leads to a decrease in the purchasing power of the U.S. dollar compared to the Mexican peso. As a result, Mexican citizens will find U.S. goods and services relatively cheaper, and they will want to buy more of them. This increased demand for U.S. goods and services will require Mexican citizens to exchange their pesos for U.S. dollars, leading to an increased demand for U.S. dollars.
On the other hand, the supply of pesos will shift left. This is because as inflation in the U.S. outpaces inflation in Mexico, the relative value of the Mexican peso increases. To maintain competitiveness, Mexican exporters may want to reduce their prices in terms of U.S. dollars, which requires them to exchange their pesos for U.S. dollars. This increased supply of pesos in the foreign exchange market leads to a leftward shift in the supply curve.
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Gilbert's Steel Parts produces parts for the automobile industry. The company has monthly fixed costs of $652,500 and a contribution margin of 90% of revenues.
Part 1
Requirement 1. Compute Gilbert's monthly breakeven sales in dollars. Use the contribution margin ratio approach.
Select the labels and enter the amounts to calculate the breakeven point in dollars using the contribution margin approach. (Enter a"0" for any zero amounts. Round your answer to the nearest dollar. Abbreviation used: CM = contribution margin.)
Part 2
Requirement 2. Use contribution margin income statements to compute Gilbert's monthly operating income or operating loss if revenues are $520,000 and if they are $1,000,000. Begin by selecting the labels for the contribution margin income statement. Then enter the amounts and calculate operating income or loss when revenues are $520,000. Then in the next step, calculate operating income or loss when revenues are $1,000,000. (Use a minus sign or parentheses for a loss.)
Part 3
Part 1 Gilbert's monthly break even sales in dollars are $725,000. The contribution margin ratio approach is used to compute the break even point in dollars.
In this case, the contribution margin ratio can be calculated by subtracting variable costs from the sales price and dividing the result by the sales price.Break-even point (BE) = Fixed Costs / Contribution Margin Ratio BE = $652,500 / 0.90 (90%)BE = $725,000 Therefore, Gilbert's monthly break even sales in dollars are $725,000.Part 2 Gilbert's monthly operating income or operating loss when revenues are $520,000 and if they are $1,000,000 will be calculated below using the contribution margin income statement:
At $520,000 revenues:At $520,000 revenues Sales$520,000 Variable Costs (0.10*Sales)$52,000 Contribution Margin (Sales-Variable Costs)$468,000 Fixed Costs$652,500 Operating Loss$(184,500)At $1,000,000 revenues:At $1,000,000 revenues Sales$1,000,000 Variable Costs (0.10*Sales)$100,000 Contribution Margin (Sales-Variable Costs)$900,000 Fixed Costs$652,500 Operating Income$247,500 Therefore, Gilbert's monthly operating loss is $184,500 at $520,000 revenues and monthly operating income is $247,500 at $1,000,000 revenues.
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National City Bank has 664,600000 shares of commen stock outstanding that are currently seling for $27.38 per share on the Nirw York Stock Exchange. If National City's net income was $2.459000000 in the year that just ended whiat was its eamines pershurn and what is its current price-earniniss ratio? (Round answers to 2 decimal plocenese 1525 ) Earnings per share Pricel-earnings ratio times If the typical price-earnings ratio for a bank is currently 15, what does the price earnings ratio for National Gity tell you about its prospects? The market is optimistic about National City's prospects than it is abcut the prospects of the typical bank
National City Bank's earnings per share is $3.70 and its current price-earnings ratio is 7.40. The market's lower P/E ratio for National City Bank suggests that it is less optimistic about the bank's prospects compared to the prospects of the typical bank.
The earnings per share (EPS) for National City Bank can be calculated by dividing its net income by the number of shares outstanding. In this case, the net income is $2.459 billion and the number of shares outstanding is 664,600,000. Dividing the net income by the number of shares gives an EPS of approximately $3.70.
The price-earnings ratio (P/E ratio) is calculated by dividing the stock price by the EPS. In this case, the stock price is $27.38 and the EPS is $3.70. Dividing the stock price by the EPS gives a P/E ratio of approximately 7.40.
The typical P/E ratio for a bank is 15. Since National City Bank's P/E ratio is lower than the typical P/E ratio, it suggests that the market is less optimistic about National City's prospects compared to the prospects of the typical bank. A lower P/E ratio may indicate that investors have lower expectations for future earnings growth.
In summary, National City Bank's earnings per share is $3.70 and its current price-earnings ratio is 7.40. The market's lower P/E ratio for National City Bank suggests that it is less optimistic about the bank's prospects compared to the prospects of the typical bank.
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Intro You purchased a stock one year ago for $50 and you are planning to sell the stock in the next day or two. However, the stock is about to make a dividend payment of $5.
Part 1 What is true about the expected price you will sell the stock for, depending on whether you sell immediately before or immediately after the dividend payment is made. Assume that you expect no additional news to come out when the dividend is paid. O The price of the stock will be the same before and after the dividend is paid O The price of the stock will be higher if you sell BEFORE the dividend is paid. O The price of the stock will be higher if you sell AFTER the dividend is paid.
If you sell immediately before the dividend is paid, the price of the stock is expected to be higher, while selling immediately after the dividend is paid would result in a lower price.
The expected price you will sell the stock for depends on whether you sell immediately before or immediately after the dividend payment is made. The price of the stock will be higher if you sell BEFORE the dividend is paid.
When a company pays a dividend, it reduces its cash reserves, which can have an impact on the stock price. Typically, the stock price decreases by the amount of the dividend after it is paid. This is because the dividend payment represents a distribution of earnings to shareholders, reducing the company's assets.
If you sell the stock immediately before the dividend is paid, you would still be entitled to receive the dividend as the owner of the stock at that time. Since the stock price has not yet been adjusted for the dividend payment, it is expected to be higher.
On the other hand, if you sell the stock immediately after the dividend is paid, the stock price would have already been adjusted downward to account for the dividend payment. Therefore, the price of the stock would be lower compared to selling it before the dividend is paid.
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Assume an investment is priced at $5,000 and has the follow
ing income stream:
Year Cash Flow
1 $1,000
2 −2,000
3 3,000
4 3,000
Would an investor with a required rate of return of 15 per
cent be wise to invest at a price of $5,000?
a. No, because the investment has a net present value of
−$1,139.15.
b. No, because the investment has a net present value of
−$1,954.91.
c. Yes, because the investment has a net present value of
$1,069.66.
d. Yes, because the investment has a net present value of
$1,954.91.
e. An investor would be indifferent between purchasing and
not purchasing the above investment at the stated price.
The correct answer is (a) No, because the investment has a net present value of -$1,139.15. The investment has a negative NPV, which means it is not expected to generate sufficient returns to meet the investor's required rate of return of 15%.
To determine whether the investor should invest at a price of $5,000, we need to calculate the net present value (NPV) of the investment using the required rate of return of 15% as the discount rate.
The formula for NPV is:
NPV = CF1/(1+r)^1 + CF2/(1+r)^2 + CF3/(1+r)^3 + CF4/(1+r)^4 - Initial Investment
where CF represents the cash flow in each year, r represents the required rate of return, and the numbers in the parentheses represent the time period.
Using the provided information, we can calculate the NPV as follows:
NPV = 1000/(1+0.15)^1 - 2000/(1+0.15)^2 + 3000/(1+0.15)^3 + 3000/(1+0.15)^4 - 5000
NPV = -$1,139.15
Therefore, the correct answer is (a) No, because the investment has a net present value of -$1,139.15. The investment has a negative NPV, which means it is not expected to generate sufficient returns to meet the investor's required rate of return of 15%. Hence, the investor should not invest at a price of $5,000.
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A $1,000 par value bond with a 7.75% coupon rate (semianual
interest) matures in 9years and currently sells for $976.92. What
is the bond's yield to maturity and bond equivalent yield?
The bond's yield to maturity is approximately 8.04% (semiannually) and the bond equivalent yield is approximately 16.08%.
To calculate the bond's yield to maturity, we need to use the present value formula for a bond:
PV = C/(1 + r)^1 + C/(1 + r)^2 + ... + C/(1 + r)^n + M/(1 + r)^n
Where:
PV = Present value of the bond (current market price)
C = Coupon payment (semiannual interest)
r = Yield to maturity (semiannual interest rate)
n = Number of periods (in this case, 2 times the number of years to maturity)
M = Par value of the bond
We know that PV is $976.92, C is 7.75% of the par value ($1,000), n is 9 years (18 periods), and M is $1,000.
Plugging in the values into the formula, we have:
$976.92 = $77.50/(1 + r)^1 + $77.50/(1 + r)^2 + ... + $77.50/(1 + r)^18 + $1,000/(1 + r)^18
To solve for r, we need to use numerical methods or financial calculators. The yield to maturity for this bond is approximately 8.04%.
The bond equivalent yield is simply twice the semiannual yield, so the bond equivalent yield in this case is approximately 2 * 8.04% = 16.08%.
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Your Task Choose any organization and make a detailed study of the following important aspects: The important areas to be covered in the project: 1. Introduction to Human Resource Management. (1/2-1 page) 2. The company Background - Vision, Mission, Objectives. 3. Discuss recruitment and selection process (All information should be related to the company selected by you) 4. T\&D Method(s) and Delivery System(s) adopted by the company, such as; - The Lecture Method -The Discussion Methods, - The Online or E-Learning, - The Interactive Methods. - Any other Method 5. Identify total compensation and benefits packages in the company. 6. Discuss the contemporary issues in HRM 7. Conclusion (1/2-1 page)
Human Resource Management is crucial for organizations like the Coca-Cola Company. It encompasses recruitment, training, compensation, and addressing contemporary HR issues. An effective HRM function supports organizational growth and employee satisfaction.
Human Resource Management (HRM) plays a vital role in organizations, including the Coca-Cola Company. The HR department is responsible for various functions such as recruitment, selection, training, and employee retention.
The company uses diverse recruitment channels and a rigorous selection process to hire talented individuals. Training and development programs, including e-learning, are employed to enhance employee skills. The Coca-Cola Company offers competitive total compensation packages, including salary, bonuses, and benefits like health insurance and retirement plans.
Moreover, the company addresses contemporary HRM issues like diversity, retention, engagement, and technology to ensure employee satisfaction and motivation. A strong HRM function contributes to the growth and success of organizations.
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A company just starting business made the following four inventory purchases in June: June 1 130 units $430 June 10 180 units 590 June 15 180 units 690 June 28 150 units 530 $2240 A physical count of
Inventory management is a crucial aspect of any business operation that deals with physical products. To ensure optimal inventory levels, businesses use various inventory control methods to ensure they never run out of products or oversupply their inventory levels.
A physical inventory count helps a business determine its inventory levels and reconcile discrepancies between recorded inventory levels and actual inventory levels.
To solve this problem, we can start by calculating the total cost of inventory for each purchase, as shown below:
June 1: 130 units for $430
cost per unit = $430/130 units
= $3.31 per unit
June 10: 180 units for $590
cost per unit = $590/180 units
= $3.28 per unit
June 15: 180 units for $690
cost per unit = $690/180 units
= $3.83 per unit
June 28: 150 units for $530
cost per unit = $530/150 units
= $3.53 per unit
Total cost of inventory = $430 + $590 + $690 + $530 = $2,240
The business purchased 130 + 180 + 180 + 150 = 640 units of inventory in June.
To calculate the weighted average cost of inventory, we need to add up the total cost of inventory and divide it by the total number of units purchased.
Weighted average cost per unit = Total cost of inventory / Total number of units purchased
$2,240 / 640
= $3.50
Therefore, the weighted average cost per unit of inventory for the company's purchases in June was $3.50.
The company should use this cost per unit to determine the value of its ending inventory based on the physical count.
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A firm projects an ROE of 18%; it will maintain a payout ratio of 40%. The firm is expecting earnings of R3 per share and investors expect a return of 15% on the investment. ratio of the firm. 3.2 Discuss if gearing affect share price and weighted average cost of capital.
The impact of gearing on share price and WACC depends on the specific circumstances of the firm, its industry, and market conditions.
The gearing, or leverage, of a firm refers to the proportion of debt in its capital structure. Gearing can have an impact on both the share price and the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) of a company.
When a company has higher gearing, meaning it has a higher proportion of debt in its capital structure compared to equity, it can result in higher financial risk. Higher financial risk can lead to higher expected returns for investors, as they demand compensation for taking on the additional risk. As a result, the cost of equity for the firm may increase. This can be reflected in a higher expected return by investors, which in turn can lead to a lower share price.
Additionally, higher gearing can increase the cost of debt for a firm. Lenders may require a higher interest rate or demand additional financial covenants to mitigate the higher risk associated with the company's higher leverage. This higher cost of debt can increase the overall WACC of the firm, as the cost of capital includes both equity and debt.
Conversely, lower gearing, with a lower proportion of debt in the capital structure, can lead to lower financial risk and lower expected returns for investors. This can result in a higher share price and potentially lower WACC.
Overall, the impact of gearing on share price and WACC depends on the specific circumstances of the firm, its industry, and market conditions. It is essential for a company to carefully manage its capital structure and consider the trade-off between the benefits and risks associated with different levels of gearing.
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Stuart Corporation has a desired rate of return of 10 percent. William Tobin is in charge of one of Stuart's three investment centers. His center controlled operating assets of $2,450,000 that were us
Answer: Tobin's return on investment is 9.22%.
Given,
Stuart Corporation has a desired rate of return of 10 percent.
William Tobin is in charge of one of Stuart's three investment centers. His center controlled operating assets of $2,450,000 that were used to earn $225,750.
Compute Tobin's return on investment (ROI)Tobin's ROI can be calculated using the following formula;
ROI = (Operating Income / Operating Assets) × 100
where
Operating Income = Earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT)
Operating Assets = Total assets - Current liabilities
Operating Assets = $2,450,000
We have not been provided with EBIT.
However, we can use a different formula to calculate EBIT.
EBIT = Net Income + Interest Expense + TaxesEBIT
= $225,750 + Interest Expense + Taxes
Assuming that the interest expense and taxes are equal to zero;
EBIT = $225,750
Hence,
ROI = (Operating Income / Operating Assets) × 100
ROI = (EBIT / Operating Assets) × 100
ROI = ($225,750 / $2,450,000) × 100
ROI = 9.22%
Therefore, Tobin's return on investment is 9.22%.
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why is it important to take Ap English Literature? How's it
gonna help in the future?
Taking AP English Literature is important as it develops critical reading, analytical skills, and cultural knowledge, while fostering creativity and effective communication. These skills are valuable in various fields, enhancing future prospects and college applications.
Taking AP English Literature can be beneficial for several reasons. First and foremost, it helps develop critical reading and analytical skills, which are valuable in various academic and professional contexts.
Through the rigorous study of literature, students learn to analyze complex texts, identify literary techniques, and interpret themes and symbols.
These skills foster a deep understanding of language and enhance one's ability to communicate effectively.
Furthermore, AP English Literature exposes students to a diverse range of literary works from different time periods and cultures.
This exposure broadens their cultural knowledge, fosters empathy, and encourages a deeper appreciation for the power of storytelling.
The study of literature also nurtures creativity and imagination, as students engage with imaginative worlds and explore different perspectives.
In terms of future benefits, the skills acquired in AP English Literature are transferable to various fields.
The ability to analyze and interpret complex information is valuable in fields such as law, journalism, marketing, and academia.
Strong communication skills, developed through reading and writing in AP English Literature, are highly sought after in professional settings.
Moreover, AP English Literature can also enhance college applications.
Demonstrating proficiency in a challenging course like AP English Literature showcases academic rigor, intellectual curiosity, and a commitment to personal growth.
Overall, AP English Literature offers a well-rounded education, fostering critical thinking, cultural literacy, creativity, and communication skills that can benefit individuals in their future academic and professional pursuits.
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An effective planning process begins by Multiple Choice generating alternative goals and plans for various scenarios. specifying the organization's target goals. gathering, interpreting and summarizing information about the situation. evaluating previous performance. seeking the knowledge of external experts.
An effective planning process begins by gathering, interpreting, and summarizing information about the situation, followed by generating alternative goals and plans for various scenarios. Afterward, the organization's target goals should be specified. Evaluating previous performance and seeking the knowledge of external experts are also crucial steps in the planning process.
1. Gather, interpret, and summarize information about the situation: This step involves collecting relevant data and information about the internal and external factors that may affect the organization's planning process. This can include market research, competitor analysis, and internal assessments of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT analysis).
2. Generate alternative goals and plans for various scenarios: Once the information is gathered, it is important to brainstorm and develop multiple goals and plans that can be considered based on different potential scenarios. This helps to create flexibility and adaptability in the planning process.
3. Specify the organization's target goals: After generating alternative goals and plans, it is necessary to identify and prioritize the most suitable goals that align with the organization's mission, vision, and values. These target goals should be specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, and time-bound (SMART).
4. Evaluate previous performance: To improve future planning, it is essential to assess the organization's past performance and identify areas of success and areas that need improvement. This evaluation helps in setting realistic goals and developing effective plans.
5. Seek the knowledge of external experts: In certain situations, it may be beneficial to consult with external experts who have specialized knowledge or experience in specific areas relevant to the organization's planning process. Their insights and expertise can provide valuable perspectives and contribute to more informed decision-making.
By following these steps, an organization can establish an effective planning process that considers various factors, explores different possibilities, and sets clear goals for future success.
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Ford Company reports depreciation expense of $55,000 for Year 2. Also, equipment costing $186,000 was sold for its book value in Year 2. There were no other equipment purchases or sales during the year. The following selected information is available for Ford Company from its comparative balance sheet. Compute the cash received from the sale of the equipment. At December 31 Year 2 Year 1 Equipment $ 685,000 $ 871,000 575,000 Accumulated Depreciation-Equipment 489,000 Multiple Choice ο ο ο ο ο $100,000 $45,000 $86.000 $43,000. $55,000.
The cash received from the sale of the equipment is $45,000.
Here is the calculation:
Equipment is a tangible asset that a company uses in its operations. It can include buildings, machinery, vehicles, furniture, and other physical assets. Equipment is depreciated over its useful life, which is the period of time that it is expected to be used by the company.
Equipment is an important asset for many businesses. It helps them to produce goods or services, to transport goods, and to provide a place for employees to work. Equipment can also be used to generate income, such as in the case of rental property.
Book value of equipment sold = $186,000
Depreciation expense for Year 2 = $55,000
Therefore, the carrying amount of equipment sold = $186,000 - $55,000 = $131,000
Cash received from the sale of equipment = $131,000
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If a $10,000 face value bond with coupon rate of 10% maturing in four year is selling for $9,000, then its yield to maturity is approximately 9.5 percent. 13.4 percent. 10.2 percent. 12.0 percent.
The correct answer is 12.0 percent.
To calculate the yield to maturity (YTM) of a bond, we need to find the interest rate that equates the present value of the bond's cash flows (coupon payments and face value) with its current market price.
In this case, the bond has a face value of $10,000, a coupon rate of 10%, and is selling for $9,000. It matures in four years.
To find the approximate yield to maturity, we can use the trial-and-error method or financial calculators. The approximate yield to maturity for this bond is approximately 12.0 percent.
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why is marketing the most complex in hospitality? Please prepare
an answer of 25 words or more, and include references, where
appropriate to support your comments.
Marketing in the hospitality industry is considered complex due to the unique characteristics and challenges it presents. The dynamic nature of the industry, etc. markets contribute to this complexity.
In the hospitality industry, marketing is complex because it involves managing the marketing mix (product, price, place, and promotion) for a range of intangible services. Unlike tangible products, hospitality services cannot be stored or inventoried, making it challenging to standardize and maintain consistency.
Additionally, the industry caters to diverse customer segments with varying preferences and expectations, requiring marketers to customize their offerings to meet the needs of different target markets.
Moreover, the hospitality industry operates in a highly competitive environment where customer loyalty is crucial. Marketers need to continuously adapt and innovate their strategies to differentiate their offerings, attract customers, and build long-term relationships.
Furthermore, the industry is influenced by external factors such as economic conditions, technological advancements, and socio-cultural trends, making it essential for marketers to stay informed and responsive to changes.
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Identify the main customer behavioral styles.
(Note: The maximum word limit is 300 words)
Customer behavioral styles refer to the behavior of customers towards the products and services they purchase. Customers' behavioral styles have a significant influence on their buying decisions.
Businesses must identify and understand the different behavioral styles of customers to offer effective marketing strategies that cater to their needs and preferences. Here are some of the main customer behavioral styles:
1. Personalizers: These customers are emotional buyers who focus on the benefits of the products rather than the product features. Personalizers rely on the opinions of others before making a purchase decision.
2. Analyzers: These customers are logical buyers who focus on the product features rather than the benefits. Analyzers take their time to research the product before making a purchase decision.
3. Impulsives: These customers are spontaneous buyers who make quick purchase decisions without much thought. Impulsive are not interested in product details; they buy products based on their emotional needs.
4. Competitive: These customers are determined buyers who are motivated by the desire to succeed. Competitives are willing to pay a high price for a product if it meets their needs.
5. Humanitarians: These customers are sensitive buyers who consider the social and environmental impact of the products they buy. Humanitarians are willing to pay a high price for products that promote social responsibility.
6. Traditionalists: These customers are conservative buyers who are resistant to change. Traditionalists prefer familiar products that have a long history of success. They are not easily influenced by the latest trends or fads.
7. Open-Minded: These customers are curious buyers who are willing to try new products. Open-Minded customers are open to change and willing to experiment with new products. They are influenced by the latest trends and fads in the market.In conclusion, businesses must identify and understand the different behavioral styles of customers to offer effective marketing strategies that cater to their needs and preferences.
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The non-market problem of Tesla's stock prices is brought to light in the article "Tesla's Stock Takes a Beating After Worse-Than-Expected Losses," which can be found on Business Insider. The recent decline in stock prices has had a detrimental effect on the firm, because of which the stock prices continue to fall. The problem at hand is that Tesla is not living up to the expectations of the investors, which is resulting in a decline in the price of the company's shares.
Media Scan Assignment #2 - 7.5%
Issue Follow-up and Strategy Assessment
Article given above as follow-up to identify and describe the company's subsequent strategic response and/or other developments related to the nonmarket issue(s) presented in the original article. That is, find out what has happened with respect to their nonmarket issue(s) since your original issue identification.
Prepare a brief written summary (approximately a half page) of your interpretation. Include the original article and the follow-up article(s).
To stay updated on the subsequent strategic responses and developments related to Tesla's stock prices or any nonmarket issues they may be facing, financial news websites, or the official investor relations channels of Tesla.
These sources can provide the most accurate and up-to-date information on the company's responses and developments. You can search for news articles or press releases that discuss Tesla's recent actions or strategies in response to the decline in stock prices or other nonmarket issues. These sources should provide insights into any steps taken by Tesla to address investor expectations and improve the company's performance.
By conducting a search using relevant keywords or by visiting the aforementioned sources, you should be able to find the desired follow-up articles that provide information on Tesla's subsequent strategic responses and developments related to the nonmarket issues discussed in the original article.
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For a risk-seeking investor, no increase in return would be required for an increase in risk. True O False
False. For a risk-seeking investor, an increase in return is generally expected for an increase in risk. Risk-seeking investors are willing to take on higher levels of risk in pursuit of potentially higher returns.
They are attracted to investments with higher risk profiles in the hopes of achieving greater rewards. Therefore, an increase in risk would typically necessitate a corresponding increase in expected returns to justify the additional risk taken.
For a risk-seeking investor, the desire to take on higher levels of risk is driven by the expectation of greater returns. Risk-seeking investors are willing to embrace the uncertainty and volatility associated with risky investments because they believe that the potential rewards outweigh the potential losses. If there were no increase in return for an increase in risk, it would diminish the incentive for risk-seeking investors to engage in such investments. Therefore, an increase in risk is generally expected to be accompanied by a corresponding increase in expected returns to satisfy the preferences of risk-seeking investors.
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What is the correct order of organizational planning, from top managers to first-line managers?
a. 1st tactical, 2nd operational, 3rd strategic
b. 1st operational, 2nd tactical, 3rd strategic
c. 1st strategic, 2nd tactical, 3rd operational
d. 1st operational, 2nd strategic, 3rd tactical
The correct order of organizational planning, from top managers to first-line managers is 1st strategic, 2nd tactical, 3rd operational. That is option c).Organizational planning is a process by which a company's leaders assess its performance and its current state to plan for improvement.
There are three levels of planning that a company can undertake: strategic, tactical, and operational.Strategic planning is the first level of planning, and it is performed by top managers. It involves establishing overall goals and objectives for the organization and devising a plan to achieve them. The strategic plan sets the course for the whole organization and outlines its vision and mission.Tactical planning is the second level of planning, and it is performed by middle managers. It converts the broad goals and objectives established during strategic planning into specific plans that are more detailed and action-oriented.
Tactical planning focuses on the short-term, usually no more than two years ahead. It's also a type of planning that focuses on what needs to be done, who will do it, and what resources will be required. It ensures that a company's overall goals and objectives are broken down into smaller, more manageable pieces that can be assigned to various departments or teams to implement.Operational planning is the third and final level of planning, and it is performed by lower-level managers. It focuses on the day-to-day operations of a company, such as what tasks need to be done, who will do them, and when.
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Vaughn's Market recorded the following events involving a recent purchase of inventory: Received goods for $80200, terms 2/7,n/30. Returned $1200 of the shipment for credit. Paid $500 freight on the shipment. Paid the invoice within the discount period. As a result of these events, the company's inventory increased by $77910. O increased by $77420. O increased by $77920. O increased by $79500.
As a result of these events, the company's inventory increased by $77,920. Thus, option A is correct.
The increase in inventory is calculated as:
Increase in inventory= [(Goods received-Goods returned)*Percentage less discount]+Freight charges
Goods received= $80,200
Goods returned= $1,200
Percentage less discount= 98%
i.e. 2/7, n/30 means 2% discount if paid within 7 days.
Total percentage= 100
Percentage less discount= 100%-2% i.e 98%
Freight charges= $500
Increase in inventory= [($80,200-$1,200)*98%]+$500
=> [$79,000*98%]+$500
= $77,420+$500
Increase in inventory= $77,920
Inventory includes both the raw materials needed in production and the finished commodities that are offered for sale. Since inventory turnover is one of the main means of generating income and, consequently, profits for the firm's shareholders, it is one of the most significant assets a company may have.
Raw materials, work-in-progress, and completed items are the three categories of inventory. On a company's balance sheet, it is shown as a current asset.
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Rideshare services are available internationally where a customer uses a smartphone app to request a ride. Then, a driver receives the request, picks up the customer, and takes the customer to the desired location. No cash is involved; the payment for the transaction is handled digitally. Suppose the weekly income of rideshare drivers follows the normal probability distribution with a mean of $2,000 and a standard deviation of $200. What is the z value and the probability of income for a driver who earns $1,100 per week? For a driver who earns $900 per week?
For a rideshare driver who earns $1,100 per week, the z-value can be calculated using the formula z = (x - μ) / σ, where x is the income, μ is the mean, and σ is the standard deviation.
The z-value is found to be -4.5. The probability of income can be determined by looking up the z-value in the standard normal distribution table, which yields a probability of approximately 0.0000035 or 0.00035%.
Similarly, for a driver who earns $900 per week, the z-value is -5, and the probability of income is extremely low, approximately 0.0000003 or 0.00003%.
To calculate the z-value, we use the formula z = (x - μ) / σ, where x is the income, μ is the mean ($2,000), and σ is the standard deviation ($200). For a driver earning $1,100 per week, the z-value is calculated as (1,100 - 2,000) / 200 = -4.5. This indicates that the income of $1,100 per week is 4.5 standard deviations below the mean.
To determine the probability of income, we can refer to the standard normal distribution table. By looking up the z-value of -4.5, we find that the corresponding probability is approximately 0.0000035 or 0.00035%. This means that the probability of a driver earning $1,100 per week is extremely low.
Similarly, for a driver earning $900 per week, the z-value is calculated as (900 - 2,000) / 200 = -5. The probability corresponding to a z-value of -5 is approximately 0.0000003 or 0.00003%, indicating an extremely low probability of a driver earning $900 per week.
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