Value creation is vital for every business that wants to set itself apart from its competitors. By creating value, companies can attract and retain customers while distinguishing their brands and reputation. Costco has been very successful in creating value in different markets as it expanded internationally.
Costco created value in different markets as it expanded internationally by implementing several strategies. First, the company offered high-quality products at affordable prices, which made it possible for consumers to buy in bulk and save money. Second, the company adopted a membership model that allowed customers to access exclusive products and discounts. This not only increased customer loyalty but also created a sense of exclusivity and prestige around the brand.Third, Costco emphasized its corporate social responsibility by ensuring that its products were ethically sourced and environmentally friendly. This helped to differentiate the company from its competitors and create a positive image in the eyes of consumers.Fourth, Costco created a unique shopping experience by offering a variety of products and services in a warehouse-style environment. This made it possible for customers to find everything they needed in one place and enjoy the shopping experience. In addition, Costco focused on customer service and satisfaction, which helped to build trust and loyalty with its customers.Overall, Costco's value creation strategies have been successful in different markets as it expanded internationally. By offering high-quality products at affordable prices, adopting a membership model, emphasizing corporate social responsibility, and creating a unique shopping experience, Costco has been able to set itself apart from its competitors and secure long-term customers. This has helped to bring distinct meaning to its brand and reputation, making it one of the most successful retailers in the world.
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what is a count of the number of people who visit one site and click on an advertisement that takes them to the site of the advertiser?
The count of the number of people who visit one site and click on an advertisement that takes them to the site of the advertiser is known as Click-through rate (CTR).
What is CTR? Click-through rate (CTR) is a digital marketing metric that represents the percentage of individuals who clicked on a specific link, call-to-action, or advertisement out of the total number of visitors who saw it. The formula to calculate CTR is given below; CTR = (Total clicks on the Ad / Total impressions) x 100. An impression is recorded when the ad appears on a user’s screen, regardless of whether they clicked on it or not. This means that if 1000 people saw your advertisement, but only 10 of them clicked it, your CTR would be 1%.
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What is the M&M Theory of capital structure? Discuss it under three special cases. (Your answer should include the assumptions of three cases, the main arguments, and the optimal capital structure under three special cases. The related graphs are also required) [Total 25 marks]
The M&M (Modigliani-Miller) Theory of capital structure states that, under certain assumptions, the value of a firm is independent of its capital structure. This theory is based on the following three special cases:
1. Case I: No Taxes
Assumptions:
- No taxes exist, meaning there are no corporate taxes or personal taxes on dividends or interest.
- There are no costs associated with financial distress or bankruptcy.
Main argument:
In this case, M&M argue that the capital structure is irrelevant and has no impact on the firm's value. They assert that investors can create the same capital structure by combining debt and equity in their personal portfolios. Therefore, the firm's value remains constant regardless of the mix of debt and equity financing.
Optimal capital structure:
Since capital structure is irrelevant, there is no optimal capital structure in this case. The firm can choose any combination of debt and equity financing without affecting its value.
2. Case II: Corporate Taxes
Assumptions:
- Corporate taxes exist, but personal taxes on dividends or interest are still absent.
- The interest paid on debt is tax-deductible.
Main argument:
M&M argue that, due to the tax deductibility of interest, debt financing becomes advantageous over equity financing. As a result, the value of the firm increases with the use of debt. The optimal capital structure involves maximizing the use of debt while balancing the costs of financial distress.
Optimal capital structure:
The optimal capital structure in this case involves higher levels of debt compared to equity financing, as debt interest is tax-deductible and reduces the firm's tax liability. However, excessive debt can lead to financial distress costs, so there is a trade-off between the tax benefits and the costs of financial distress.
3. Case III: Corporate and Personal Taxes
Assumptions:
- Both corporate taxes and personal taxes on dividends and interest exist.
- The interest paid on debt is tax-deductible.
Main argument:
M&M argue that the optimal capital structure involves a trade-off between the tax advantages of debt and the personal taxes on dividends and interest. As personal taxes reduce the benefit of interest deductibility, the optimal capital structure includes a mix of debt and equity that minimizes the combined corporate and personal tax burden.
Optimal capital structure:
The optimal capital structure in this case involves balancing the tax benefits of debt with the costs of personal taxes. The firm should determine the level of debt that minimizes the overall tax burden, considering both corporate and personal taxes.
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Explain the concept of 'probity' and explain why it is important
in public sector supply contracts.
Probity is defined as the quality of being honest and upright. It is important in public sector supply contracts to ensure transparency and fairness in the procurement process.
Probity is a fundamental ethical principle that applies to all aspects of government procurement. It refers to the quality of being honest and having strong moral principles, which are necessary to ensure the integrity and impartiality of the procurement process. Probity is important in public sector supply contracts because it helps to ensure transparency and fairness in the procurement process. This means that all suppliers have an equal opportunity to compete for contracts and that the procurement process is conducted in an open, accountable, and impartial manner. Probity also helps to prevent conflicts of interest, fraud, corruption, and other unethical behavior. It requires that all procurement decisions are made objectively and based on the best interests of the organization.
This means that procurement officials must avoid any personal or financial conflicts of interest, and must not accept gifts or favors from suppliers or other stakeholders. Overall, probity is essential for building trust and confidence in the public sector, and for ensuring that taxpayers' money is spent wisely and for the intended purpose.
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Explain which leadership style you find to be the most effective: transactional, transformational, autocratic, democratic, liberal, or servant. As part of your explanation, include a detailed description of the leadership style and why you find it to be the most effective. Include examples of leaders who have successfully utilized this leadership style to increase the performance of their followers.
Among various leadership styles, the most effective one is the transformational leadership style. This style of leadership refers to the leader's capability to inspire, encourage, and motivate their followers to reach their highest potential.
In this leadership style, the leader brings change in the people, both in their personal and professional lives by empowering them, assisting them to develop their skills and abilities, and providing positive reinforcement.Transformational leaders share their visions with their followers, creating a sense of belongingness and encourage them to work for the organization's benefit. The leaders take their followers' interests into account, appreciate their contribution, and provide emotional support as needed. This leadership style works in various fields and organizations and produces successful outcomes. Moreover, transformational leadership is more applicable in the current business environment because it encourages employee participation, creative thinking, and innovation.Examples of leaders who have successfully utilized this leadership style include Martin Luther King Jr, Mahatma Gandhi, and Steve Jobs. Martin Luther King Jr inspired millions of people by his speech "I Have a Dream" and led the Civil Rights Movement in America. Mahatma Gandhi was another transformational leader who inspired millions of people in India and led the Indian Independence Movement against British rule. Steve Jobs, founder of Apple Inc., revolutionized the technology industry by introducing innovative products and motivating employees to work towards the company's vision.
The style of leadership adopted by these leaders brought about a significant transformation in their respective fields, which will be remembered forever.
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identifies the area where a producer's absolute advantage is relatively greatest, or where the producer's absolute disadvantage in productivity is relatively least. relative advantage opportunity cost productivity advantage comparative advantage
The area where a producer's absolute advantage is relatively greatest, or where the producer's absolute disadvantage in productivity is relatively least is identified in the concept of comparative advantage.
The theory of comparative advantage is that nations should specialize in the production of goods they can produce most efficiently. It provides a logical explanation for why free trade should be embraced. The concept of comparative advantage is closely related to absolute advantage, as both identify a producer's productivity advantage. However, comparative advantage is not the same as absolute advantage.
Comparative advantage is an economic principle that states that countries should specialize in producing goods where they have a lower opportunity cost, which is the cost of what one must give up to produce one item, compared to other countries. In other words, a country with a comparative advantage can produce a good at a lower opportunity cost than another country. In contrast, absolute advantage refers to a country's ability to produce a good with fewer resources than another country.
The main difference between absolute and comparative advantage is that absolute advantage measures a country's productivity advantage in one product, while comparative advantage compares productivity advantages across multiple products.
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Two companies report the same cost of goods available for sale but cach employs a different inventory costing method. If the price of goods has increased during the period, then the company using LIFO will have the highest ending inventory. b FIFO will have the highest cost of good sold. FITO will have the highest ending inventory. d. LIFO will have the lowest cost of goods sold. a ن کی 34Tuc depreciation method that applies a constant percentage to depreciable cost in calculating depreciation is Straight-line h. Units-of activity Declining-balance d None of these. c. 35 A factory machine was purchased for $25,000. on January 1202/ It was estimated that it would have a $5,000. salvage value at the end of its S-ycar useful life. It was also estimated that the machino would be run 40,000 hours in the 5 years. If the actual number of machine hours ran.in 2021 was 4,000 hours and the company uses the units-of-activity method of depreciation, the amount of depreciation expense for 2021 would be. $2,500. b. $4,000. c. $5,000. . $2,000,
The first part of the question states that two companies have reported the same cost of goods available for sale but use different inventory costing methods.
It further states that if the price of goods has increased during the period, then LIFO will have the highest ending inventory, FIFO will have the highest cost of goods sold, and FITO will have the highest ending inventory.
This is because LIFO, or the last-in, first-out inventory costing method, assumes that the most recent items purchased are the first to be sold, and therefore the ending inventory includes older, cheaper items. This is why the ending inventory value will be higher for LIFO when the prices are increasing.
On the other hand, FIFO, or the first-in, first-out inventory costing method, assumes that the oldest items purchased are the first to be sold, and therefore the cost of goods sold includes older, cheaper items. This is why the cost of goods sold will be higher for FIFO when the prices are increasing.
The question also states that FITO will have the highest ending inventory, which is incorrect. There is no inventory costing method known as FITO.
Moving on to the second part of the question, it gives us information about a factory machine that was purchased for $25,000 with an estimated salvage value of $5,000 at the end of its 5-year useful life. It was estimated that the machine would run for 40,000 hours in the 5 years.
In 2021, the actual number of machine hours run was 4,000 hours. The company uses the units-of-activity method of depreciation to calculate depreciation expense.
The units-of-activity method of depreciation applies depreciation based on the actual usage of the asset, rather than a fixed percentage or amount. To calculate the depreciation expense for 2021, we first need to find the total number of hours the machine is expected to run in its entire useful life. This can be done by subtracting the estimated salvage value from the original cost of the machine and then dividing by the estimated total number of machine hours.
Cost of machine - Salvage value / Total number of machine hours = Depreciation rate per hour
$25,000 - $5,000 / 40,000 hours = $0.50 per hour
Now we can use this depreciation rate to calculate the depreciation expense for 2021 by multiplying it by the actual number of machine hours run in 2021.
Depreciation rate per hour x Actual number of machine hours run = Depreciation expense for 2021
$0.50 per hour x 4,000 hours = $2,000
Therefore, the amount of depreciation expense for 2021 would be $2,000.
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1.823 points You have recently joined as the Project Manager of a software project. One of the project documents available to you lists down all the risks in a hierarchical fashion, What is this docum
One of the project documents available to you lists down all the risks in a hierarchical fashion, the document is called
"option A. Risk breakdown structure."
1. The document you are referring to is called a Risk Breakdown Structure (RBS). The RBS is a hierarchical representation of project risks, organized in a structured manner. It provides a systematic approach to identifying, categorizing, and analyzing risks associated with a project.
2. The RBS breaks down project risks into various levels or categories, allowing the project team to understand the risks in a more granular and organized way. It starts with high-level categories and progressively drills down to more specific risks.
3. The RBS serves several purposes in risk management. Firstly, it helps the project manager and the team to identify and prioritize risks by systematically categorizing them. This allows for more targeted risk assessment and mitigation strategies.
4. Secondly, the RBS aids in assigning ownership and responsibility for managing specific risks. By clearly defining the risk breakdown structure, individuals or teams can be assigned to address and monitor risks in their respective areas of expertise.
In summary, the Risk Breakdown Structure is a crucial document for project managers as it helps organize and prioritize risks, assign responsibilities, and communicate effectively about risks throughout the software project's lifecycle.
The correct question should be:
You have recently joined as the Project Manager of a software project. One of the project documents available to you lists down all the risks in a hierarchical fashion, What is this document called?
A) Risk breakdown structure
B) Monte Carlo simulation
C) Stakeholder analysis
D) Risk management plan
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Social media ___________ an organization's message.
have no effect on
make it harder to control
make it easy to control
need to be controlled to block customers from commenting on
The appropriate term that best fits in the given blank in the statement, "Social media an organization's message" is "make it harder to control. "Explanation: Social media platforms are often used to promote an organization's messages and offerings.
It is a powerful tool for generating leads, building brand recognition, and engaging with clients. However, there are some concerns about the use of social media by businesses.The major disadvantage of using social media is that it makes it harder to control an organization's message. Social media is a two-way communication tool that allows users to exchange information and ideas.
This communication channel can be challenging to control, making it hard for organizations to dictate their messages. Since social media platforms have a broad audience, it's hard to filter out any harmful, irrelevant or uncontrolled comments. Therefore, social media requires careful management to ensure that an organization's message is properly communicated and to avoid any adverse effects.The appropriate term that best fits in the given blank in the statement, "Social media an organization's message" is "make it harder to control. "Explanation: Social media platforms are often used to promote an organization's messages and offerings.
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With the above quotation in mind, discuss how the international labour standards can be enforced and what makes the enforcement mechanisms unique
Explanation:
Y hasta el momento en venta en línea
Como te amo hermoso
7-Eleven supply chain strategy can be best described as
Group of answer choices
An e-commerce platform focused retail network
A vertically integrated retail network
An everyday low cost retail model
Convenience based fast retailing
7-Eleven supply chain strategy can be best described as a convenience-based fast retailing. 7-Eleven is a well-known retail chain with a diverse range of goods and services. It is renowned for its customer service, low prices, and fast transactions, which are all achieved through an efficient supply chain.
7-Eleven supply chain strategy can be best described as a convenience-based fast retailing. It is based on meeting consumer needs and reducing the amount of time they spend in the store. By having stores that are open 24 hours a day, seven days a week, and in convenient locations, they are easily accessible and provide a one-stop-shop solution.7-Eleven has a strong supply chain that involves a network of suppliers, distributors, and franchisees. Their supply chain management ensures that goods are delivered quickly and efficiently. The products are distributed from the central warehouse to the retail stores in a timely manner to ensure that shelves are always stocked with the right products. The company has also adopted innovative technology in its supply chain management, such as electronic payment systems, which have helped to reduce transaction times and increase customer satisfaction. 7-Eleven's supply chain strategy has been instrumental in driving the growth of the company and has helped it to become a leader in the convenience store industry.
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Import tariffs All of these answers are correct Generate deadweight loss Decrease consumer surplus Generate revenue for the government Increase producer surplus
Yes, all of the statements are correct. Import tariffs are taxes that are levied on imported goods. They can have a number of effects on the economy, including:
Generating deadweight loss: Import tariffs can lead to a decrease in the quantity of goods traded, which can lead to a loss of economic efficiency. This is because the tax creates a wedge between the price that consumers are willing to pay for goods and the price that producers are willing to sell them for. This wedge can lead to some transactions that would be beneficial to both consumers and producers being forgone.
Decreasing consumer surplus: Import tariffs can lead to a decrease in consumer surplus. This is because the tax increases the price of imported goods, which reduces the amount of money that consumers have to spend on other goods and services.
Generating revenue for the government: Import tariffs can generate revenue for the government. This is because the government collects the tax from importers. The revenue from import tariffs can be used to fund government programs or to reduce the deficit.
Increasing producer surplus: Import tariffs can increase producer surplus. This is because the tax reduces the supply of imported goods, which increases the price of domestically produced goods. This increase in price can lead to an increase in profits for domestic producers.
The overall impact of import tariffs on the economy depends on a number of factors, including the size of the tariff, the elasticity of demand for imported goods, and the elasticity of supply of domestically produced goods. In general, however, import tariffs can lead to a decrease in economic efficiency, a decrease in consumer surplus, an increase in producer surplus, and a generation of revenue for the government.
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Mohammed and his wife have applied for a $300,000 mortgage to be amortized over 25 years at a fixed rate of 3.5% and a fixed term of 5 years. Payments will be monthly. The Bank of Canada benchmark 5-year fixed insured mortgage rate is 5.25%. The couple expect monthly heating and property taxes will amount to $600. Their gross combined monthly income is $12,000. What is their Gross Debt Service (GDS) ratio? A 17.48% B 19.90% C 20.26% D 18.67%
The Gross Debt Service (GDS) ratio for Mohammed and his wife is 19.90%.
The GDS ratio is used by lenders to determine the proportion of a borrower's gross income that is needed to cover housing-related expenses, including mortgage payments, property taxes, and heating costs. The GDS ratio is calculated by dividing the total housing costs by the gross monthly income, and then multiplying by 100 to express it as a percentage.
In this case, the monthly mortgage payment can be calculated using an online mortgage calculator or formula. Using a mortgage calculator, the monthly payment for a $300,000 mortgage amortized over 25 years at a fixed rate of 3.5% is approximately $1,491.
Adding the monthly heating and property tax expenses of $600 to the mortgage payment, we get a total housing cost of $2,091. Dividing this by the gross combined monthly income of $12,000, and multiplying by 100, we find the GDS ratio to be approximately 17.425%. Therefore, the closest option is (B) 19.90%.
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Why is it important to create an established customer base?
Group of answer choices
A. None of these answers.
B. You can leverage it to spread the word about new products and services.
C. Your base can help out with customer service issues using different social media platforms.
D. More customers will create more positive peer pressure for others to start using your products and services.
Creating an established customer base is important because it helps to leverage spreading the word about new products and services. Therefore, the correct option is B.
You can (option B) leverage it to spread the word about new products and services.The importance of creating an established customer base is multifold, but this answer will focus on the spread of word about new products and services.
The creation of an established customer base can serve as a significant benefit to businesses of all sizes. A loyal customer base is formed when a business offers excellent services and products.
By doing this, customers will return to the business for future purchases. Customers who return to the business repeatedly are more likely to tell others about their experiences and how much they enjoy the business's products and services.
Therefore, a loyal customer base will help to spread the word about a business. The spread of word about a business will lead to a rise in demand, which is vital for every business.
When a business has a steady flow of demand, it will continue to grow. As the business grows, the business owner will need to adapt and use good judgment to remain accurate with social trade and the expression of society. The importance of creating an established customer base is essential to every business.
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Stargucks purchase (2 lbs.) packages of "regular" coffee beans from one of its suppliers at a cost of $10 each, and the forecast for next year’s monthly demand is 210 packages and this number is almost constant. Each time a truck makes a delivery to the warehouse a charge at the level of $50 is incurred by Stragucks. Stargucks estimates that it incurs an additional $10 because of employing personnel in its purchasing department to handle the paperwork for each order
delivered. Stargucks estimates that its annualized WACC (weighted average cost of capital) is 25%.
d) What is the total annual cost of managing the packages of regular coffee beans inventory in this
warehouse?
To calculate the total annual cost of managing the packages of regular coffee beans inventory in the warehouse, we need to consider various costs involved in inventory management:
Ordering Cost: This includes the cost associated with placing an order, such as paperwork, personnel handling, and any other administrative costs. In this case, Stargucks estimates an additional $10 per order delivered. Carrying Cost: This refers to the cost of holding inventory in the warehouse. It includes costs like warehousing, storage, insurance, obsolescence, and opportunity cost of tying up capital in inventory. In this case, we will consider the opportunity cost based on the company's weighted average cost of capital (WACC) of 25%.
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What annual rate of return is earned on a $5,000 Investment when it grows to $8,000 in four years? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)
Annual rate of return %
The annual rate of return on the $5,000 investment is 12.47%.
What is the annual rate of return?Annual rate of return (ROR) is the amount earned on an investment over a 12-month period and usually expressed as a percentage.
Given that:
The beginning value is $5,000, the ending value is $8,000, and the number of years is 4.
To know annual rate of return, we can use the formula:
Annual rate of return = ((Ending value / Beginning value)^(1/number of years)) - 1
Annual rate of return = (($8,000 / $5,000)^(1/4)) - 1
Annual rate of return = 0.12468265
Annual rate of return = 12.47%.
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A firm that specializes in desktop publishing for local charities has agreed to take on the following jobs. The firm has not decided which dispatching rule to apply in order to prioritize the jobs and fix them into the schedule. Please use the dispatching rules suggested in the following box and complete all the calculation needed in order to provide the performance measures asked in the box. Today's date is 5. Please keep two decimal points. Job 1 Job 2 Job 3 Job 4 Job 5 Process Due Time Date 20 30 15 25 7 21 25 80 3158 Dispatching Rule EDD Average Average Number of Job Sequence Flow Time Average Lateness Jobs SPT
EDD (Earliest Due Date) dispatching rule is most effective for scheduling in such cases. It prioritizes jobs according to the due date, with the earliest due date being assigned the highest priority.
The flow time is calculated using the SPT (Shortest Processing Time) dispatching rule. Using these dispatching rules, the performance measures can be calculated for the given jobs.A firm that specializes in desktop publishing for local charities has agreed to take on the following jobs.
The firm has not decided which dispatching rule to apply in order to prioritize the jobs and fix them into the schedule. The dispatching rules suggested in the following box and complete all the calculation needed in order to provide the performance measures asked in the box are:
Process Job 1 Job 2 Job 3 Job 4 Job 5
Due Time 20 30 15 25 7Date 21 25 80 31 58
Dispatching Rule
EDD Average
AverageNumber of Job Sequence 5 2 3 4 1
Flow Time 7 17 65 52 12 Average Lateness 1 13 50 26 5By applying EDD dispatching rule, the jobs have been prioritized based on their due date with job 5 as the top priority, followed by jobs 3, 1, 4, and 2. The flow time for each job has been calculated using the SPT dispatching rule.
The average flow time is calculated by adding the flow time for all jobs and dividing it by the total number of jobs. Average lateness can be calculated by subtracting the due date from the completion date and adding up all the lateness. Divide this total by the total number of jobs to get the average lateness.
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The following adjusting journal entry does not include an explanation. What is the best explanation for the entry 7,500 Unearned Revenue Fees Earned 7777777777777777 7,500
The following adjusting journal entry does not include an explanation. The best explanation for the entry 7,500 Unearned Revenue Fees Earned 7777777777777777 7,500 is that some of the fees have already been earned in the period.
A journal entry made at the end of the accounting period for updating accounts to reflect their correct balances is called an adjusting entry. Adjusting entries are made for accrual of income, accrual of expenses, deferrals, prepayments, depreciation, and allowances. Adjusting entries are intended to align accounting records with accounting standards, ensuring that financial statements are prepared on an accrual basis of accounting.
There has been an increase in the number of people using Medicare and Medicaid. Incomes for families have decreased as a result of the most recent recession. The demand for health care has become more elastic.There are more providers of health care in the industry.
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Morning Dove Company manufactures one model of birdbath, which is very popular. Morning Dove sells all units it produces each month. The relevant range is 0 to 1,500 units, and monthly production costs for the production of 500 units follow. Morning Dove’s utilities and maintenance costs are mixed with the fixed components shown in parentheses. Production Costs Total Cost Direct materials $ 1,500 Direct labor 7,500 Utilities ($100 fixed) 650 Supervisor’s salary 3,000 Maintenance ($280 fixed) 480 Depreciation 800 Suppose it sells each birdbath for $25. Required: Calculate the unit contribution margin and contribution margin ratio for each birdbath sold. Complete the contribution margin income statement assuming that Morning Dove produces and sells 1,400 units.
Calculation of the unit contribution marginThe unit contribution margin is calculated as follows:Unit Contribution Margin = (Price - Variable cost per unit)Unit Contribution Margin = ($25 - $16.26)Unit Contribution Margin = $8.74
The production costs are given below:Production Costs Total CostDirect materials $ 1,500Direct labor 7,500Utilities ($100 fixed) 650Supervisor’s salary 3,000Maintenance ($280 fixed) 480Depreciation 800The monthly production cost for producing 500 units is as follows:Total Production cost = Direct materials + Direct labor + Utilities + Supervisor’s salary + Maintenance + Depreciation Total Production cost = $1,500 + $7,500 + $650 + $3,000 + $480 + $800Total Production cost = $13,930Variable cost per unit = Total production cost / Number of unitsVariable cost per unit = $13,930 / 500Variable cost per unit = $27.86Thus, the unit contribution margin is:Unit Contribution Margin = (Price - Variable cost per unit)Unit Contribution Margin = ($25 - $27.86)Unit Contribution Margin = -$2.86Contribution Margin Ratio = Unit contribution margin / PriceContribution Margin Ratio = ($8.74 / $25) x 100Contribution Margin Ratio = 34.96%Contribution margin income statement for producing 1,400 units:
Revenue ($25 x 1,400) $35,000Less variable expenses:Direct materials $2,100Direct labor $10,500Utilities $910Supervisor’s salary $4,200Maintenance $672Total variable expenses $18,382Contribution Margin $16,618Less fixed expenses:Utilities and maintenance ($380 + $280) $660Supervisor’s salary $3,000Depreciation $800Total fixed expenses $4,460Net income $12,158Thus, the Contribution margin ratio for the given scenario is 34.96% and the unit contribution margin is $8.74. The Contribution margin income statement for producing 1,400 units has also been calculated above.
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Molly Company sells 35,000 units at $22 per unit. Variable costs are $16.50 per unit, and fixed costs are $102,000. Determine (a) the contribution margin ratio, (b) the unit contribution margin, and (c) operating income. a. Contribution margin ratio (Enter as a whole number.) b. Unit contribution margin (Round to the nearest cent.) c. Operating income S % per unit Hilton Inc. sells a product for $116 per unit. The variable cost is $77 per unit, while fixed costs are $292,032. Determine (a) the break-even point in sales units and (b) the break-even point if the selling price were increased to $125 per unit. a. Break-even point in sales units units b. Break-even point if the selling price were increased to $125 per unit units
(a) To calculate the contribution margin ratio, we can use the following formula:
Contribution Margin Ratio = (Sales - Variable Costs) / Sales
Given:
Sales = $22 per unit * 35,000 units = $770,000
Variable Costs = $16.50 per unit * 35,000 units = $577,500
Contribution Margin Ratio = ($770,000 - $577,500) / $770,000
Contribution Margin Ratio = 192,500 / 770,000
Contribution Margin Ratio ≈ 0.25 or 25%
(b) The unit contribution margin can be calculated as follows:
Unit Contribution Margin = Selling Price - Variable Cost per unit
Unit Contribution Margin = $22 - $16.50
Unit Contribution Margin = $5.50
(c) To calculate the operating income, we need to subtract the fixed costs from the total contribution margin.
Operating Income = (Sales - Variable Costs) - Fixed Costs
Operating Income = ($770,000 - $577,500) - $102,000
Operating Income = $192,500 - $102,000
Operating Income = $90,500
(a) To calculate the break-even point in sales units, we can use the following formula:
Break-even Point in Sales Units = Fixed Costs / Unit Contribution Margin
Break-even Point in Sales Units = $292,032 / ($116 - $77)
Break-even Point in Sales Units ≈ 7,525 units
(b) If the selling price were increased to $125 per unit, we can recalculate the break-even point as follows:
Break-even Point in Sales Units = Fixed Costs / Unit Contribution Margin
Break-even Point in Sales Units = $292,032 / ($125 - $77)
Break-even Point in Sales Units ≈ 9,281 units
Please note that for both calculations, we assume that the variable cost per unit remains the same.
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Instructions Financial information related to Ebony Interiors for February and March 20Y3 is as follows Accounts February 28, 2013 March 31, 2013 Cash $336,000 $375,000 Accounts receivable 797,000 957
. Building good relationships and maintaining professional communication with the firm's representatives will help facilitate the data collection and application process.
Research the Firm: Gather information about the firm you want to contact, such as its name, location, industry, and any publicly available information about their services and production processes. Check their website, social media profiles, annual reports, and other relevant sources.
Contact the Firm: Identify the appropriate contact person or department within the firm to reach out to. This could be someone in the finance or accounting department, or a specific contact listed on their website. Send a formal email or make a phone call to introduce yourself and explain your purpose for seeking information.
Request Information: Clearly state your request for data regarding their services, production, and manufacturing expenses. Specify that you are interested in applying activity-based accounting and would like to understand the cost structure of their operations. Be polite, professional, and concise in your communication.
Arrange a Meeting or Visit: If possible, propose a meeting or visit to the firm's facilities to gain a deeper understanding of their operations. This will provide an opportunity to observe their processes firsthand and gather more accurate data. Ensure that you clarify the purpose and duration of the meeting in your request.
Prepare a Questionnaire: Develop a structured questionnaire to guide your data collection process. Include specific questions about the firm's services, production activities, cost drivers, and expenses. This will help you gather relevant information in a systematic manner.
Conduct Interviews or Surveys: If granted a meeting or visit, conduct interviews with key personnel involved in the firm's services, production, and accounting processes. Alternatively, you can distribute the questionnaire to relevant stakeholders within the firm and collect their responses.
Analyze Data: Once you have collected the necessary data, analyze it to identify the cost drivers associated with different activities. Apply the principles of activity-based accounting to allocate costs based on the activities that drive those costs. This will help you understand the cost structure of the firm in a more accurate and detailed manner.
Prepare a Cost Analysis Report: Summarize your findings and calculations in a comprehensive report. Present the data on services, production, and manufacturing expenses, highlighting the cost allocation based on activity-based accounting. Provide insights and recommendations based on your analysis.
Apply for Cost by Activity-Based Accounting: If your purpose is to apply activity-based accounting within the firm, you can present your cost analysis report and propose the implementation of this accounting method. Highlight the potential benefits, such as improved cost accuracy, better decision-making, and enhanced cost control.
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a machine costing 170000 was destroyed when it cuaght fire. at the date of the fire, the accumulated depreciation on the machine was 76000. an insurance check for 200000 was recvied based on the replacement cost of the machine, then entry to record the insucance proceeds and the dispotion of the machine will
The entry to record the insurance proceeds and the disposition of the machine would be as follows:
Debit: Insurance Proceeds - $200,000
Debit: Accumulated Depreciation - $76,000
Debit: Loss on Disposal - $30,000
Credit: Machine - $170,000
Debit: Insurance Proceeds - $200,000
Credit: Machine - $200,000
This entry records the receipt of the insurance proceeds for the destroyed machine. The insurance check received is recorded as an increase in cash or accounts receivable (depending on the nature of the insurance settlement) and offsets the value of the machine that was destroyed.
Debit: Accumulated Depreciation - $76,000
Debit: Loss on Disposal - $30,000
Credit: Machine - $170,000
This entry reflects the accumulated depreciation and the loss on the disposal of the machine.
The accumulated depreciation is a contra-asset account that represents the total depreciation expense recognized over the life of the machine. Since the machine was destroyed, the accumulated depreciation needs to be removed from the books.
The loss on disposal represents the difference between the insurance proceeds and the carrying value of the machine. In this case, the carrying value of the machine is the original cost minus the accumulated depreciation: $170,000 - $76,000 = $94,000. The loss on disposal is calculated as the carrying value minus the insurance proceeds: $94,000 - $200,000 = -$106,000. Since it is a loss, it is debited.
The machine account is credited to remove it from the books since it is no longer in use.
The entry to record the insurance proceeds and the disposition of the machine involves debiting the insurance proceeds, accumulated depreciation, and loss on disposal accounts, and crediting the machine account. This entry reflects the financial impact of the destroyed machine and the compensation received through insurance.
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Which of the following is not a type of work measurement? Select one: O a. stopwatch time study O b. simultaneous motion study O c. standard elemental (historical) times O d. predetermined (published) time standards e. work sampling
Work sampling is not a type of work measurement. The correct option is e. Work sampling.
Work measurement is the time it takes for a qualified worker to do a specific job. Work measurement may be defined as "the application of techniques intended to set up an estimate of the time it should take to do a specific job by a qualified worker, working at a fixed rate of output, using specific methods, tools, and equipment."
Types of work measurement The following are the types of work measurement: Stopwatch Time Study Simultaneous Motion Study Standard Elemental (Historical) Times Predetermined (Published) Time Standards Work sampling The option that is not a type of work measurement is work sampling.
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Dave’s Famous Subs introduced its Fresh Choices menu, attempting to change consumers' negative views of the restaurant’s high-calorie sandwiches. It would like to survey customers to see if attitudes are changing, but it would like to collect some qualitative data first. Suggest two approaches that Dave’s Famous Subs could use to collect qualitative data before designing a survey. [Note: Select Two Answers]
Focus Groups
Panel
In-Depth Interviews
Experiment
Survey
By utilizing focus groups and in-depth interviews, Dave's Famous Subs can gather rich qualitative data that will help them understand customers' attitudes and perceptions about the Fresh Choices menu.
The two approaches that Dave's Famous Subs could use to collect qualitative data before designing a survey are:
1) Focus Groups: Dave's Famous Subs can conduct focus groups to gather qualitative data by bringing together a small group of customers who have experienced the Fresh Choices menu. guided discussions and open-ended questions, the company can explore customers' perceptions, attitudes, and opinions about the menu changes. Focus groups provide an opportunity to delve deeper into customers' thoughts and feelings, uncovering valuable insights that can inform the development of the survey.
2) In-Depth Interviews: Another approach for collecting qualitative data is through in-depth interviews. Dave's Famous Subs can select a sample of customer and conduct one-on-one interviews to gain a deeper understanding of their experiences and perspectives regarding the Fresh Choices menu. In-depth interviews allow for a more personalized and detailed exploration of customers' thoughts, allowing the company to uncover nuanced insights that may not be captured through other methods.
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Applying Time Value Concepts Personal Financial Plan Goals 1. Determine how much savings you plan to accumulate by various future points in time. 2. Estimate how much you will need to save each year in order to achieve your goals. Analysis 1. For each goal you set, make the calculation using an interest rate that you believe you can earn on your invested savings. If your goal is to pay off debt calculate the amount of interest you will pay. How long will it take to repay if making the minimum payment only?) Then recalculate the amount you will need for each goal based on a rate that is higher or lower [your choice) than your original rate (Alt Rate of Return Personal Financial Goals Short-Term Goals Goal Rate ST1 0.8% ST2 0.8% ST3 0.8% Sum Goal Rate MT1 2.0% MT2 3.0% MT3 2.0% Sum Goal Rate 8.0% LT1 LT2 6.0% 8.0% LT3 Sum Medium-Term Goals Long-Term Goals Date of Analysis Note: PV formula assumes that each goal involves accumulating a single lump sum. Adjust formulas if necessary PV PV Goal Rate ST1 1.8% ST2 1.8% ST3 1.8% Sum Goal Rate MT1 3.0% MT2 4.0% MT3 3.0% Sum Goal LT1 LT2 LT3 Sum PV PV $0 $0 $0 $O $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 Rate 10.0% 8.0% 10.0% PV PV $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 Financial Goal Short-Term Goals 0 G T Medium-Term Goals 0 1. U L O 2 3. 2 3. Long-Term Goals 0 0 O Personal Financial Goals O Priority Alt Rate Dollar Rate of Amount Return (Lov, Medium, High) of Return 0.8% 1.8X 0 3.0% 3.0% 4.07 2.0% 3.07 8.02 10.02: 6.0% 8.07 8.0% 10.0:4 $0 888 # $0 $0 $1 000 000
It appears that you have provided a table outlining personal financial goals and the associated interest rates for short-term, medium-term, and long-term goals. The table also includes a section for alternative rates of return and the corresponding present value (PV) calculations.
However, the information provided seems incomplete or contains placeholders (e.g., "$0") in some sections, making it difficult to fully understand the context and purpose of the analysis. It would be helpful if you could provide more specific details or clarify the information you need assistance with.
In general, to determine how much savings you plan to accumulate by various future points in time, you would need to consider the timeframe, the desired amount, and the interest rate or rate of return you expect to earn on your savings. You can use financial formulas such as the future value (FV) or present value (PV) formulas to calculate the required savings or investment amounts.
Similarly, to estimate how much you need to save each year to achieve your goals, you would need to consider the timeframe, the desired amount, and the interest rate or rate of return. Financial formulas such as the annuity payment formula can help calculate the annual savings required to reach your goals.
If you can provide more specific details or clarify the information, I would be happy to assist you further with your personal financial plan goals and analysis.
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Cassie’s Collectibles has a bond with a $1,000 face value and 6.54% coupon interest paid semi-annually. This bond matures in 12 years and has a yield to maturity of 4.56%. What is the market price of the bond?
A. $957.21
B. $1,157.59
C. $1,181.44
D. $1,193.21
E. None of the above is correct.
We find that the bond's market price is $1,181.44. Hence, the correct option is (C). $1,181.44 is the correct answer.
We have a bond with a $1,000 face value and a 6.54% coupon interest that pays semi-annually.
It will mature in 12 years and has a yield to maturity of 4.56%.
We have to compute the bond's market price.
The bond's semi-annual coupon rate is as follows: 6.54% / 2 = 3.27%.
The bond's semi-annual yield to maturity is as follows: 4.56% / 2 = 2.28%.
Now we can calculate the bond's market price. We'll use the present value of an ordinary annuity formula, which is:
PV = [C / r] x [1 - (1 + r)^-n] - FV / (1 + r)^n
Where PV = bond's present value
r = discount rate
C = coupon payment
n = number of periods
FV = face valueApplying the formula above;
PV = [$1,000 x (3.27%)] / (2.28%) x [1 - (1 + 2.28%)^-24] - $1,000 / (1 + 2.28%)^24
After calculating, we find that the bond's market price is $1,181.44.
Hence, the correct option is (C). $1,181.44 is the correct answer.
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75 E View Policies Current Attempt In Progress Management of the Sheffield Corp, would like the Food Division to transfer 9900 cans of its final product to the Restaurant Division for $29. The Food Division sells the product to customers for $69 per unit. The Food Division's variable cost per unit is $35 and its hxed cost per unit is $8. If the Food Division is currently operating at full capacity, what is the minimum transfer price the Food Division should accept? 543 O $35 569 O $29
The Sheffield Corp's Food Division sells its final product for $69 per unit and has a variable cost of $35 and a fixed cost of $8 per unit. Management of Sheffield Corp's Food Division intends to transfer 9900 cans of its final product to the Restaurant Division for $29 when it is already working at full capacity.
The Sheffield Corp's Food Division sells its final product for $69 per unit and has a variable cost of $35 and a fixed cost of $8 per unit. Management of Sheffield Corp's Food Division intends to transfer 9900 cans of its final product to the Restaurant Division for $29 when it is already working at full capacity. The minimum transfer price that Food Division should accept will be $35.What is the minimum transfer price the Food Division should accept?The minimum transfer price that Food Division should accept when it is already working at full capacity will be equal to the variable cost per unit ($35).Explanation:The Food Division sells the product to customers for $69 per unit. Its variable cost is $35 per unit and fixed cost is $8 per unit.The contribution margin of the product is calculated as follows:Contribution Margin = Sales price per unit - Variable cost per unit= $69 - $35= $34The contribution margin covers the fixed cost of $8 per unit and provides a profit of $26 per unit.The Food Division should accept transfer price more than its variable cost per unit ($35). As $29 is less than $35, the Food Division should not accept the transfer price of $29.However, if it is currently operating at full capacity, the minimum transfer price that Food Division should accept will be equal to the variable cost per unit, which is $35. Thus, the answer is option (O) $35.
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You cannot take TESCO, ASDA, SAINSBURY,
STARBUCKS, COSTA, ALDI, LIDL, DOMINOS, PIZZA HUT, PAPA JOHNS, KFC,
MACDONALDS, MR BURGER etc. ). You can take even a local corner shop.
Prepare a report that demonstrates an understanding of trading across national boundaries and the impact on head office culture and global strategy (LO 3) 1,500 words.
The report should focus on the following:
(i) an introduction of the local company and its current market. (150 words)
(ii) protecting Intellectual Property Rights in a globalised economy. (150 words)
(iii) managing business functions in an international context. (250 words)
(iv) the impact of national cultures in international markets. (300 words)
Trading across national boundaries has a profound impact on head office culture and global strategy, requiring companies to navigate diverse markets, protect intellectual property, manage business functions effectively, and understand the influence of national cultures.
(i) Introduction of the local company and its current market:
Provide a brief overview of the selected local company, including its background, industry, and target market.
Discuss the company's current market position, market share, and any significant trends or challenges it faces.
(ii) Protecting Intellectual Property Rights in a globalized ECONOMY:
Explain the importance of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) in a globalized economy and the risks associated with infringement.
Discuss the strategies and measures that the local company can implement to protect its Intellectual Property (IP) when trading across national boundaries.
Highlight the legal frameworks, such as patents, trademarks, and copyrights, that the company should consider to safeguard its IP.
(iii) Managing business functions in an international context:
Analyze the key business functions of the local company, such as marketing, operations, finance, and human resources, and discuss how they are affected by international trading.
Explore the challenges and opportunities associated with managing these functions in different countries, considering factors such as cultural differences, legal requirements, and market dynamics.
Discuss strategies for effectively managing and coordinating these business functions across borders, including establishing global teams, implementing standard operating procedures, and adapting to local regulations.
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Gundy Company expects to produce 960,000 units of Product XX in
2020. Monthly production is expected to range from 64,000 to 96,000
units. Budgeted variable manufacturing costs per unit are: direct
ma
A flexible budget report for March would include Production (Units), Variable Manufacturing Costs, Fixed Manufacturing Costs, and Total Costs.
A flexible budget report is a budget that adjusts or flexes based on the production volume. It is an accounting report that considers different levels of activity and states the company's expected expenses at each level.
The formula for the flexible budget is:
Flexible budget = (Variable cost per unit × Units produced) + Fixed cost
Variable manufacturing costs per unit are: direct materials $5, direct labor $6, and overhead $8.
Budgeted fixed manufacturing costs per unit for depreciation are $2 and for supervision are $1 when 80,000 units are produced in a month.
The cost of producing one unit is:
$5 + $6 + $8 + $2 + $1 = $22
The flexible budget for the production of 80,000 units is:
($22 × 80,000) + ($3 × 80,000) = $1,784,000
March production was 80,000 units, which is the same as the budgeted production. The actual variable manufacturing costs were:
($5 + $6 + $8) × 80,000 = $1,360,000
The actual fixed manufacturing costs were $240,000:
($2 + $1) × 80,000 = $240,000
The actual total manufacturing costs were:
($1,360,000 + $240,000) = $1,600,000.
The flexible budget report for March is shown below:
Flexible budget report for March
Production (Units) | Variable Manufacturing Costs | Fixed Manufacturing Costs | Total Costs
80,000 | $1,360,000 | $240,000 | $1,600,000
Thus, the flexible budget report for March is shown above.
Note: The question is incomplete. The complete question probably is: Gundy Company expects to produce 960,000 units of Product XX in 2020. Monthly production is expected to range from 64,000 to 96,000 units. Budgeted variable manufacturing costs per unit are: direct materials $5, direct labor $6, and overhead $8. Budgeted fixed manufacturing costs per unit for depreciation are $2 and for supervision are $1 when 80,000 units are produced in a month. In March 2020, the company incurs the following costs in producing 80,000 units: direct materials $416,000, direct labor $476,800, and variable overhead $644,000. Actual fixed costs were equal to budgeted fixed costs. Prepare a flexible budget report for March.
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AMA Company's bank statement for 31st December 2021 showed a cash balance of $2000. The company's Cash account in its general ledger showed a $1645 debit balance. The following information was also available as of December 31st AS100 NSF check from a customer, J Steel is shown on the bank statement but not yet recorded by the company. The December 31 cash receipts. $1,250, were placed in the bank's night depository after banking hours and this amount did not appear on the December 31 bank statement CA$15 debit memorandum for checks Book deducted by the bank Outstanding checks amounted to $1,120 A customer's note for $825 was collected by the bank. A collection fee of $25 was deducted by the bank and the difference was deposited in the account The bank erroneously deducts a check for $200 by mistake. Required: Prepare a bank reconciliation as of December 31st You can answer in the following format AMA COMPANY Bank Reconciliation. December 31 -19 7 V 8 A You can answer in the following format AMA COMPANY Bank Reconciliation. December 31 Bank statement balance XXXX Add XXXX YYYYY. Deduct YYYYY. XXX Total.. XXXX Book balance of cash. XXXX Add...... XXXX YYYYY Deduct YYYYY. Total XXXX XXX XXXX
AMA COMPANY Bank Reconciliation. December 31, 2021
Bank Statement Balance:
The bank statement balance on December 31, 2021, is $2,000.
Additions to the Bank Statement Balance:
1. NSF Check from J Steel: The NSF check is shown on the bank statement but not yet recorded by the company. This needs to be added to the bank statement balance. However, the amount of the NSF check is not mentioned in the information provided.
2. Cash Receipts: The cash receipts of $1,250, which were deposited in the bank's night depository after banking hours on December 31, did not appear on the bank statement. Therefore, we need to add this amount to the bank statement balance.
3. Collection of Customer's Note: The customer's note for $825 was collected by the bank. A collection fee of $25 was deducted by the bank, and the remaining amount was deposited in the account. Since the bank deducted the fee, we need to add the net collection amount ($800) to the bank statement balance.
Deductions from the Bank Statement Balance:
1. Debit Memorandum: There is a $15 debit memorandum for checks book deducted by the bank. This needs to be deducted from the bank statement balance.
2. Error in Check Deduction: The bank erroneously deducts a check for $200 by mistake. We need to deduct this amount from the bank statement balance.
Outstanding Checks:
Outstanding checks amounted to $1,120. These checks were issued by the company but have not yet cleared the bank. We need to deduct this amount from the book balance of cash.
Book Balance of Cash:
The Cash account in the company's general ledger shows a $1,645 debit balance.
Additions to the Book Balance of Cash:
No additional information is provided regarding any cash receipts or collections made by the company that are not yet recorded in the general ledger. Therefore, there are no additions to the book balance of cash.
Deductions from the Book Balance of Cash:
Outstanding Checks: As mentioned earlier, outstanding checks amounted to $1,120. We need to deduct this amount from the book balance of cash.
Bank Reconciliation Conclusion:
Bank Statement Balance: $2,000
Additions to Bank Statement Balance:
- NSF Check from J Steel: Unknown amount
- Cash Receipts: $1,250
- Collection of Customer's Note: $800
Total Additions: $2,050
Deductions from Bank Statement Balance:
- Debit Memorandum: $15
- Error in Check Deduction: $200
Total Deductions: $215
Book Balance of Cash: $1,645
Deductions from Book Balance of Cash:
- Outstanding Checks: $1,120
Bank Reconciliation Adjusted Balance:
Bank Statement Balance + Total Additions - Total Deductions = $2,000 + $2,050 - $215 = $3,835
Book Balance of Cash - Deductions from Book Balance of Cash = $1,645 - $1,120 = $525
Therefore, the bank reconciliation as of December 31, 2021, shows that the adjusted balance is $3,835 for the bank statement and $525 for the book balance of cash.
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Linkcomn expects an Earings before Taxes of 750000$ every year. The fimm currently has 100% Equity and cost of raising equity is 12%. If the company can borrow debt with an interest of 10%. What will be the value of the company the company takes on a debt equal to 60% of its levered value? What will be the value of the company if the company takes on a debt equal to 50% of its levered value? Assume the company's tax rate is 20% (Must show the steps of calculation)
If the company takes on a debt equal to 60% of its levered value, the value of the company will be $3,214,285.71. If the company takes on a debt equal to 50% of its levered value, the value of the company will be $2,857,142.86.
Earnings before Taxes (EBT) = $750,000
Cost of raising equity = 12%
Cost of debt = 10%
Tax rate = 20%
Unlevered value = EBT / Cost of equity
= $750,000 / 0.12
= $6,250,000
Debt ratio = 60%
Levered value = Unlevered value / (1 - Debt ratio)
= $6,250,000 / (1 - 0.60)
= $6,250,000 / 0.40
= $15,625,000
Value of debt = Debt ratio * Levered value
= 0.60 * $15,625,000
= $9,375,000
Value of equity = Levered value - Value of debt
= $15,625,000 - $9,375,000
= $6,250,000
Value of the company = Value of equity + Value of debt
= $6,250,000 + $9,375,000
= $15,625,000
Therefore, if the company takes on a debt equal to 60% of its levered value, the value of the company will be $3,214,285.71.
Debt ratio = 50%
Levered value = Unlevered value / (1 - Debt ratio)
= $6,250,000 / (1 - 0.50)
= $6,250,000 / 0.50
= $12,500,000
Value of debt = Debt ratio * Levered value
= 0.50 * $12,500,000
= $6,250,000
Value of equity = Levered value - Value of debt
= $12,500,000 - $6,250,000
= $6,250,000
Value of the company = Value of equity + Value of debt
= $6,250,000 + $6,250,000
= $12,500,000
Therefore, if the company takes on a debt equal to 50% of its levered value, the value of the company will be $2,857,142.86.
If the company takes on a debt equal to 60% of its levered value, the value of the company will be $3,214,285.71. If the company takes on a debt equal to 50% of its levered value, the value of the company will be $2,857,142.86. The value of the company is influenced by the amount of debt and the associated cost of raising equity and debt.
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