Verify that the equation is an identity.

Verify That The Equation Is An Identity.

Answers

Answer 1

Step-by-step explanation:

We need to prove that ,

cot x / csc x - csc x / cot x = - tan x sec x .

LHS :-

> cot x / csc x - csc x / cot x

> cos x / sin x ÷ csc x - sin x × csc x / cos x

> cosx - 1/ cos x

> cos² x - 1 / cos x

> - sin²x / cosx

> -sin x / cos x × sin x

> -tan x sin x

= RHS

Hence Proved !


Related Questions

Which ordered pairs are in the solution set of the system of linear inequalities?

y > Negative one-thirdx + 2

y < 2x + 3

On a coordinate plane, 2 straight lines are shown. The first solid line has a negative slope and goes through (0, 2) and (6, 0. Everything to the right of the line is shaded. The second dashed line has a positive slope and goes through (negative 3, negative 3) and (0, 3). Everything above the line is shaded.

Answers

Options:

(2, 2), (3, 1), (4, 2)

(2, 2), (3, –1), (4, 1)

(2, 2), (1, –2), (0, 2)

(2, 2), (1, 2), (2, 0)

Answer:

A. (2, 2), (3, 1), (4, 2)  

Step-by-step explanation:

Given

[tex]y > -\frac{1}{3}x + 2[/tex]

[tex]y < 2x + 3[/tex]

Required

Solve for x and y

To solve this, we make use of graphical method (see attachment for graph)

All points that lie on the shaded region are true for the inequality

Next, we plot each of the given options on the graph

A. (2, 2), (3, 1), (4, 2)

All 3 points lie on the shaded region.

Hence, (a) is true

Answer:

A. (2, 2), (3, 1), (4, 2)  

Step-by-step explanation:

Find the volume of the composite solid. Round your answer to the nearest hundredth. A. 22.5mm^3 B. 22.19mm^3 C. 22.53mm^3 D. 22.54mm^3

Answers

I think that it would have to be A if I did it right

What is the value of x?
2
3
6
7
Geometry B - 5.0 - Extended – 2

Answers

Answer:

I think 6.............,..........

70. If set A consists of (3, 5, 7, 9) and set B consists of (1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13), what is the average of the union of set A and set B?

A) 6
B) 3
C) 48
D) 56

⚠️will give brainliest to the best answer

Answers

Step-by-step explanation:

the answer would be 6. brrr

A) 6

{1,2,3,5,7,8,9,13}

The average is going to be 6.

Police Chase: A speeder traveling 40 miles per hour (in a 25 mph zone) passes a stopped police car which immediately takes off after the speeder. If the police car speeds up steadily to 55 miles/hour in 10 seconds and then travels at a steady 55 miles/hour, how long and how far before the police car catches the speeder who continued traveling at 40 miles/hour

Answers

Answer:

a. 18.34 s b. 327.92 m

Step-by-step explanation:

a. How long before the police car catches the speeder who continued traveling at 40 miles/hour

The acceleration of the car a in 10 s from 0 to 55 mi/h is a = (v - u)/t where u = initial velocity = 0 m/s, v = final velocity = 55 mi/h = 55 × 1609 m/3600 s = 24.58 m/s and t = time = 10 s.

So, a =  (v - u)/t =  (24.58 m/s - 0 m/s)/10 s = 24.58 m/s ÷ 10 s = 2.458 m/s².

The distance moved by the police car in 10 s is gotten from

s = ut + 1/2at² where u = initial velocity of police car = 0 m/s, a = acceleration = 2.458 m/s² and t = time = 10 s.

s = 0 m/s × 10 s + 1/2 × 2.458 m/s² (10)²

s = 0 m + 1/2 × 2.458 m/s² × 100 s²

s = 122.9 m

The distance moved when the police car is driving at 55 mi/h is s' = 24.58 t where t = driving time after attaining 55 mi/h

The total distance moved by the police car is thus S = s + s' = 122.9 + 24.58t

The total distance moved by the speeder is S' = 40t' mi = (40 × 1609 m/3600 s)t' =  17.88t' m where t' = time taken for police to catch up with speeder.

Since both distances are the same,

S' = S

17.88t' = 122.9 + 24.58t

Also, the time  taken for the police car to catch up with the speeder, t' = time taken for car to accelerate to 55 mi/h + rest of time taken for police car to catch up with speed, t

t' = 10 + t

So, substituting t' into the equation, we have

17.88t' = 122.9 + 24.58t

17.88(10 + t) = 122.9 + 24.58t

178.8 + 17.88t = 122.9 + 24.58t

17.88t - 24.58t = 122.9 - 178.8

-6.7t = -55.9

t = -55.9/-6.7

t = 8.34 s

So, t' = 10 + t

t' = 10 + 8.34

t' = 18.34 s

So, it will take 18.34 s before the police car catches the speeder who continued traveling at 40 miles/hour

b. how far before the police car catches the speeder who continued traveling at 40 miles/hour

Since the distance moved by the police car also equals the distance moved by the speeder, how far the police car will move before he catches the speeder is given by S' = 17.88t' = 17.88 × 18.34 s = 327.92 m

A line that passes through the origin also passes through the point (6,2). What is the slope of the line?

please answer with an explanation

Answers

9514 1404 393

Answer:

  1/3

Step-by-step explanation:

The slope of a line is the ratio of its "rise" to its "run." The "rise" is the change in vertical distance, and the "run" is the corresponding change in horizontal distance between two points on the line. The formula for the slope is ...

  [tex]m=\dfrac{y_2-y_1}{x_2-x_1}\qquad\text{where $(x_1,y_1)$ and $(x_2,y_2)$ are points on the line}[/tex]

In this problem, you are told the line passes through the origin, which is point (x, y) = (0, 0), and through point (6, 2). Using these coordinates in the slope formula gives ...

  [tex]m=\dfrac{2-0}{6-0}=\dfrac{2}{6}=\boxed{\dfrac{1}{3}}[/tex]

__

You may notice that when the line passes through the origin, the slope is simply the ratio y/x of any point on the line. Here, that ratio is 2/6 = 1/3.

_____

Additional comment

A line through the origin is the graph of a proportional relationship. That is, y is proportional to x. The slope of the line is the constant of proportionality. The equation of the line is ...

  y = kx . . . . . . where k is the constant of proportionality.

The line in this problem statement will have the equation ...

  y = (1/3)x

A statistician calculates that 7% of Americans are vegetarians. If the statistician is correct, what is the probability that the proportion of vegetarians in a sample of 403 Americans would differ from the population proportion by more than 3%

Answers

Answer:

0.0182 = 1.82% probability that the proportion of vegetarians in a sample of 403 Americans would differ from the population proportion by more than 3%.

Step-by-step explanation:

To solve this question, we need to understand the normal probability distribution and the central limit theorem.

Normal Probability Distribution

Problems of normal distributions can be solved using the z-score formula.

In a set with mean [tex]\mu[/tex] and standard deviation [tex]\sigma[/tex], the z-score of a measure X is given by:

[tex]Z = \frac{X - \mu}{\sigma}[/tex]

The Z-score measures how many standard deviations the measure is from the mean. After finding the Z-score, we look at the z-score table and find the p-value associated with this z-score. This p-value is the probability that the value of the measure is smaller than X, that is, the percentile of X. Subtracting 1 by the p-value, we get the probability that the value of the measure is greater than X.

Central Limit Theorem

The Central Limit Theorem establishes that, for a normally distributed random variable X, with mean [tex]\mu[/tex] and standard deviation [tex]\sigma[/tex], the sampling distribution of the sample means with size n can be approximated to a normal distribution with mean [tex]\mu[/tex] and standard deviation [tex]s = \frac{\sigma}{\sqrt{n}}[/tex].

For a skewed variable, the Central Limit Theorem can also be applied, as long as n is at least 30.

For a proportion p in a sample of size n, the sampling distribution of the sample proportion will be approximately normal with mean [tex]\mu = p[/tex] and standard deviation [tex]s = \sqrt{\frac{p(1-p)}{n}}[/tex]

A statistician calculates that 7% of Americans are vegetarians.

This means that [tex]p = 0.07[/tex]

Sample of 403 Americans

This means that [tex]n = 403[/tex]

Mean and standard deviation:

[tex]\mu = p = 0.07[/tex]

[tex]s = \sqrt{\frac{p(1-p)}{n}} = \sqrt{\frac{0.07*0.93}{403}} = 0.0127[/tex]

What is the probability that the proportion of vegetarians in a sample of 403 Americans would differ from the population proportion by more than 3%?

Proportion below 7 - 3 = 4% or above 7 + 3 = 10%. Since the normal distribution is symmetric, these probabilities are equal, which means that we find one of them, and multiply by 2.

Probability the proportion is below 4%

p-value of Z when X = 0.04.

[tex]Z = \frac{X - \mu}{\sigma}[/tex]

By the Central Limit Theorem

[tex]Z = \frac{X - \mu}{s}[/tex]

[tex]Z = \frac{0.04 - 0.07}{0.0127}[/tex]

[tex]Z = -2.36[/tex]

[tex]Z = -2.36[/tex] has a p-value of 0.0091

2*0.0091 = 0.0182

0.0182 = 1.82% probability that the proportion of vegetarians in a sample of 403 Americans would differ from the population proportion by more than 3%.

What is the scare root of 85 roused to nearest tenth?

Answers

Answer:

9.2

Step-by-step explanation:

You can do this calculation with a calculator by taking the square root of 85.

Hi there!  

»»————- ★ ————-««

I believe your answer is:  

9.2

»»————- ★ ————-««  

Here’s why:

Assuming that you mean "the square root of 85 rounded to the nearest tenth..."  

⸻⸻⸻⸻

[tex]\boxed{\text{Calculating the Answer...}}\\\\\rightarrow \sqrt{85} = 9.21954445729....[/tex]

⸻⸻⸻⸻

Since the digit to the right of the tenth (the 1) is less than or equal to four, we round down.

⸻⸻⸻⸻

[tex]9.21954445729...\approx\boxed{9.2}[/tex]

⸻⸻⸻⸻  

»»————- ★ ————-««  

Hope this helps you. I apologize if it’s incorrect.

Yes again but pls if you don’t know don’t answer.

Answers

Answer:

90deg +20deg.

Step-by-step explanation:

Angle RST can be broken down into RSQ and QST, whose measures are 90 deg and 20 deg, respectively. So you just add up the two parts to get the whole.

Hope this helps!

90 degree plus the 20 degree will give you angle rst

Why is underfind the square root of a negative number?​

Answers

Answer:

The square root of a negative number is undefined, because anything times itself will give a positive (or zero) result. Note: Zero has only one square root (itself). Zero is considered neither positive nor negative

Answer:

sjshzhshshdhdgdgdhdhdgshshshshshwywhwhw

Instructions: Solve the following linear
equation.
- 2x + 38 = 2(3 + 3x)
2-

Answers

Answer:

Step-by-step explanation:

-2x +38 = 2(3 + 3x)

-2x + 38 = 2*3 + 2*3x

-2x + 38 = 6 + 6x

Add 2x to both sides

38 = 6 + 6x + 2x  

Combine like terms

38 = 6 + 8x

Subtract 8  from both sides

38 - 6 = 8x

8x = 32

Divide both sides by 8

x = 32/8

x = 4

Answer:

x = 4

Step-by-step explanation:

-2x + 38 = 2(3 + 3x)

Use distributive property to multiply 2 by 3 and 3x

-2x + 38 = 2 ×3 + 2 × 3x -2x + 38 = 6 + 6x

subtract 6x from both side

-2x + 38 - 6x = 6 + 6x - 6x

combine -2x and -6x to get -8x

-8x + 38 = 6

subtract 38 from both side

-8x + 38 - 38 = 6 - 38

subtract 38 from 6 to get -32

-8x = -32

divide both side by -8

[tex] \small \sf \frac{-8x}{ -8} = \frac{-32}{-8} \\ \\ \small \sf x = \frac{- 32}{-8}[/tex]

divide -32 by -8 to get 4

x = 4

Help meeee plzzzzzz!!!!

Answers

OPTION B is the correct answer.

Cuál es el valor de x en la ecuación −7x+16=3x−4?

A.
2

Answers

Answer:

x=2

Step-by-step explanation:

16+4=3x+7x

20=10x

20/10=10x/10

2=x

Hello, please help me!!​

Answers

Answer:

0.14

Step-by-step explanation:

P(A|B) asks for the probability of A, given that B has happened. This is equal to the probability of A and B over the probability of B (see picture)

Here, the question is asking if someone is taking the bus given that they are a senior.

The probability of someone being a senior and taking the bus is 5/100, or 0.05 . The probability of someone being a senior is 35/100, or 0.35

Our answer is then 0.05/0.35 = 1/7 = 0.14

i need help with these questions. anyone down to help me ?please

Answers

9514 1404 393

Answer:

A: less than 2 hoursB: 2 to 5 hoursC: more than 5 hours

Step-by-step explanation:

The attached graph shows the various company costs for x number of hours. The graph nearest the x-axis represents the lowest cost.

We can see that cost is lowest using Company A for 2 hours or less, and Company C for 5 hours or more. For times between those, Company B has the lowest charges.

Of course, the equation for charges in each case is the sum of the service fee and the product of hourly charge and number of hours (x).

__

I find the graphing calculator to be the most efficient tool for solving these. The alternative is to compare the equations pairwise to see which gives lower rates. With a little practice, you learn that the "break even hours" will be the difference in service fees divided by the difference in hourly cost.

For example A will cost the same as B when the $20 service fee and the $10/hour cost difference are the same: for 2 hours. A and C will cost the same when the $45 service fee and the $15/hour cost difference are the same, after 3 hours. B and C will cost the same when the $25 difference in service fees and the $5/hour cost difference are the same, after 5 hours.

So B is cheaper above 2 hours, and C is cheaper than that above 5 hours. With no service fee, A is cheaper for small numbers of hours (<2).

what's the value of the function f(x)= 2x+5 if x=3

Answers

Answer:

f(x) = 2(3) + 5

= 6 + 5 = 11

y = 11

x = 3

hope it helps.

Also, I think that Brainly is an awesome app, but there's an app which is doing great work for me in maths, named Gauthmath. I will suggest it. Video concepts and answers from real tutors.

Consider the quadratic function y = 0.3 (x-4)2 - 2.5
Determine the axis of symmetry, x =

Answers

Answer:

[tex]x=4[/tex]

Step-by-step explanation:

We have the quadratic function:

[tex]\displaystyle y=0.3(x-4)^2-2.5[/tex]

And we want to determine its axis of symmetry.

Notice that this is in vertex form:

[tex]y=a(x-h)^2+k[/tex]

Where (h, k) is the vertex of the parabola.

From our function, we can see that h = 4 and k = -2.5. Hence, our vertex is the point (4, -2.5).

The axis of symmetry is equivalent to the x-coordinate of the vertex.

The x-coordinate of the vertex is 4.

Therefore, the axis of symmetry is x = 4.

(4 + 4i)/(5+4i) = divide

Answers

Answer:

B.

Step-by-step explanation:

[tex] \frac{4 + 4i}{5 + 4i} [/tex]

Multiplying both numerator and denominator by (5 - 4i) , the conjugate of the denominator, i. e, (5 + 4i).

[tex] \frac{4 + 4i}{5 + 4i} \times \frac{5 - 4i}{5-4i} [/tex]

[tex] \frac{(4 + 4i)(5 - 4i)}{(5 + 4i)(5 - 4i)} [/tex]

Multiplying (4+4i) and (5-4i) using distributive propertyUsing the identity (a+b)(a-b)= a² - b² where 5 will act as a and 4i will act as b

[tex] \frac{20-16i+20i-16i^2}{(5) {}^{2} - (4i) {}^{2} } [/tex]

i² = -1

(combining like terms)

[tex] \frac{20+(-16i+20i)-(-16)}{25-(-16)} [/tex]

[tex] \frac{(20+16)+4i}{25+16} [/tex]

[tex] \frac{36+4i}{41} [/tex]

distributing the denominator

[tex] \frac{36}{41} + \frac{4}{41}i [/tex]

That is, option B.

what is the value of pie​

Answers

Answer:

3.142

Step-by-step explanation:

Succinctly, pi which is written as the Greek letter for p, or π is the ratio of the circumference of any circle to the diameter of that circle. Regardless of the circle's size, this ratio will always equal pi. In decimal form, the value of pi is approximately 3.142.

The system of equations y = negative one-fifth x minus 6 and y = –2x + 3 is shown on the graph below.


On a coordinate plane, 2 lines intersect at (5, negative 7).

According to the graph, what is the solution to this system of equations?
(5, –7)
(–7, 5)
(5, 7)
(7, 5)

Answers

Answer:

According to graph, solution is (5, –7)

Answer:

A) (5, –7)

Step-by-step explanation:

I got 100%, please brainlist

AC if TC = 20q + 10q^2?

Answers

Answer:

AC = (20+ 10q)

Step-by-step explanation:

Given that,

Total cost, TC = 20q + 10q²

We need to find AC i.e. average cost.

It can be solved as follows :

[tex]AC=\dfrac{TC}{q}\\\\AC=\dfrac{20q + 10q^2}{q}\\\\AC=\dfrac{q(20+ 10q)}{q}\\\\AC={(20+ 10q)}[/tex]

So, the value of AC is (20+ 10q).

An angle is bisected forming two new angles. If the origina angle a measure of degrees what is the measure of each angle

Answers

Answer:

so the measure of both angle is 24°

Step-by-step explanation:

original angle = 48°

so since its bisected the both angles are equal and let the angles be x

so,

x + x = 48°

2x = 48°

x = 48°/2

so, x = 24°

3x is 18 what value is x

Answers

Answer:

6

Step-by-step explanation:

We have the expression "3x is 18" and we want to find out x, so the easiest way is to isolate x. The way to do this is by dividing both 3x and 18 by 3, leaving us with 6. This means that our answer for x is 6. I hope this helped and please don't hesitate to reach out for clarification!

Answer:

6

Step-by-step explanation:

3x = 18

Divide both sides by 3

3x / 3 ( the 3s cancel out and we're left with x )

18/3 = 6

We get that x = 6

We can then plug in 6 to x in 3x = 18 to check if our answer is correct

3x = 18

Replace x with 6

3(6) = 18

3(6) = 18

18 = 18

This is true hence we can confirm that x = 6

Simplify the ratio.
2.25 to 0.5

Answers

Answer:

9:2

Step-by-step explanation:

Please help very appreciated

Answers

angle Q is congruent to angle T since they are on the same side of both triangles
a!!! angle Q = angle T

its
A bag contains 5 green candies and 7 blue candies.
A piece of candy is selected at random, put back into the bag, and then
another piece of candy is chosen.
What is the probability that both pieces are green?

Answers

Answer:

[tex]P(Green\ and\ Green) = \frac{25}{144}[/tex]

Step-by-step explanation:

Given

[tex]Green=5[/tex]

[tex]Blue = 7[/tex]

Required

[tex]P(Green\ and\ Green)[/tex]

This is calculated as:

[tex]P(Green\ and\ Green) = P(Green) * P(Green)[/tex]

Since, it is a probability with replacement, we have:

[tex]P(Green\ and\ Green) = \frac{Green}{Total} * \frac{Green}{Total}[/tex]

So, we have:

[tex]P(Green\ and\ Green) = \frac{5}{12} * \frac{5}{12}[/tex]

[tex]P(Green\ and\ Green) = \frac{25}{144}[/tex]

Michael wants to buy some new exercise equipment for his home gym for 372,000 financial at an annual interest rate of 12% using the add on method. If michael wants to pay off the loan in 2 years. What will be his monthly payment?​

Answers

Step-by-step explanation:

the answer of this question will be 88,800

Answer:

Step-by-step explanation:

There is a high-speed rail track between London and Manchester.
The length of this track is 210 miles.
A train departs London at 11:20 and arrives in Manchester at 13:28
The train company claims
the average speed of this train is 104 miles per hour.
Is the average speed of this train 104 miles per hour?
(4)
Use the box below to show clearly how you get your answer.

Answers

Answer:

Step-by-step explanation:

this is the famous dirt formula,  :P  I made it up   :D

D=rt    ( notice it looks like   Dirt  , kinda,  but it also means it dirt simple )

D= distance

r = rate  ( think speed or how fast)

t = time  ( in what ever units of time you want to use, seconds, minutes, hours )

13:28 - 11:20 = 128 minutes ( b/c the question is asking in MPH convert to hours)   2.4666667 hours

210 miles =  r * 2.46666667

210 / 2.46666667 = r   ( in MPH) ( does anyone else find it odd that they are saying miles in London instead of kilometers? :/ )

85.135 MPH = rate

so no, not even close to 104 MPH  :/  

Answer:

Average speed is 98 mph

Step-by-step explanation:

[tex]\frac{distance (miles)}{time (hours)}[/tex] = speed [tex]\frac{mile}{hours}[/tex]  (miles per hour is a ratio)

The time is 2 hours and 8 minutes.

[tex]\frac{8}{60}[/tex] = .13333 ( 8 minutes / 60 minutes in a hour)

So time is 2.133333 hours .

Divide the distance 210 by the time 2.13333 and get the speed.

Its 98.437..

Round to 98 miles per hour.

Can someone help me out?

Answers

Answer:

Terms:

-5x4-x-1

Like Terms:

-5x and -x4 and -1

Coefficients:

The coefficient of -5x is -5.The coefficient of -x is -1.

Constants:

4-1

You simplify the expression by combining like terms:

-5x + 4 - x - 1 = -6x + 5

(7b - 4) + (-2b + a + 1) = 7b - 4 - 2b + a + 1 = 5b + a - 3

Bindi is buying pet food with a coupon for 20% off. The original price of the bag of food is $39.
Which answer gives the best estimate for the price after the discount?

$48
$19
$34
$32

Answers

I think its $32.
.20 x 39 = 7.8
39 - 7.8 = $31.2
Other Questions
William invested $12,000 in a bank account that pays 9 percent simple interest. His friend invested the same amount at another bank that pays 8 percent interest compounded quarterly. These two functions, where t is time in years, represent the value of the investments: f(t) = 12(1.02)4t g(t) = 12(1.09)t The functions are graphed, and the point of intersection lies between 0.5 and 1.2. Based on the table, approximately how long will it be until both investments have the same value? Value of t f(t) = 12(1.02)4t g(t) = 12(1.09)t 0.5 12.48 6.54 0.6 12.58 7.84 0.7 12.68 9.16 0.8 12.79 10.46 0.9 12.89 11.87 1.0 12.99 13.08 1.1 13.09 14.39 1.2 13.20 15.70 A. 0.9 year B. 1.0 year C. 1.1 years D. 1.2 years HELP I AM TIMED. Determine whether the equation is an identity or not an identity. Paragraph :1: Visit to a historical place.1 people love to visit Park sentence change to past tense Cul es el contexto de produccin del texto ledo? 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He needs to refer to one of the files he has stored there, but his internet service has been interrupted by a power failure in his area. Which aspect of his resource (the data he stored in the cloud) has been compromised Tyler Tooling Company uses a job order cost system with overhead applied to products on the basis of machine hours. For the upcoming year, the company estimated its total manufacturing overhead cost at $420,000 and total machine hours at 60,000. During the first month of operations, the company worked on three jobs and recorded the following actual direct materials cost, direct labor cost, and machine hours for each job: Job 101 Job 102 Job 103 TotalDirect materials used 19,200 14,400 9,600 43,200 Direct labor 28,800 11,200 9,600 49,600 Machine hours 1,000 hours 4,000 hours 2,000 hours 7,000 hoursJob 101 was completed and sold for $60,000.Job 102 was completed but not sold.Job 103 is still in process.Actual overhead costs recorded during the first month of operations totaled $45,000.Required: 1. Calculate the predetermined overhead rate. (Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)2. Compute the total manufacturing overhead applied to the Work in Process Inventory account during the first month of operations. (Round your intermediate calculations to 2 decimal places.)3. Compute the balance in the Work in Process Inventory account at the end of the first month. (Round your intermediate calculations to 2 decimal places.)4. How much gross profit would the company report during the first month of operations before making an adjustment for over- or underapplied manufacturing overhead? (Round your intermediate calculations to 2 decimal places.)5-a. Determine the balance in the Manufacturing Overhead account at the end of the first month. (Round your intermediate calculations to 2 decimal places.) The two parts of cellular respiration which must occur twice for each glucose molecule that enters the process are Evolutionary theorists have suggested that human beings may have a natural aversion to bitter tastes because many lethal poisons have a bitter flavor. This natural ability to learn an association for biological reasons is called ______. a. preparedness b. stimulus discrimination c. blocking d. a learned aversion e. instinctive drift what is primary purpose of this passage ? Does any use of social media by mental health professionals, either professionally or personally/privately,will likely produce ethical dilemmas related to boundary violations and multiple relationships Find m angle TUV if m angle TUN=1+38 pi m angle NUV=66^ m angle TUV=105x