Compound complex sentences : A sentence having two or more coordinate independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses.
Simple compound : A simple sentence consists of just one clause.
What are 5 examples of complex sentences?A clause with one or more dependent clauses and two or more coordinate independent clauses.
Examples of Complex Sentences :
Because he was late again, he would be docked a day's pay. While I am a passionate basketball fan, I prefer football. Although she was considered smart, she failed all her exams. Whenever it rains, I like to wear my blue coat.While playing football, the ball thrown by my friend hit the boy crossing the street.What are 5 examples of simple sentences?A simple sentence just has one clause.
Examples of Simple Sentences :
Joe waited for the train. "Joe" = subject, "waited" = verb.The train was late. "The train" = subject, "was" = verb.Mary and Samantha took the bus. ...I looked for Mary and Samantha at the bus station. ...Mary and Samantha arrived at the bus station early but waited until noon for the bus.Learn more about Compound & simple sentences refer to :
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Fatty acid oxidation occurs in the mitochondrial matrix. However, long-chain fatty acyl-CoA molecules cannot cross the inner membrane to enter the matrix. The carnitine shuttle system transfers the acyl group from CoA to carnitine, which can enter the mitochondrial matrix. Label the enzymes and compounds of the carnitine shuttle system. These abbreviations are used: intermembrane space, IMS; carnitine acyltransferase I, CAT1; mitochondrial carnitine acyltransferase II, CAT2; and carnitine/acylcarnitine translocase (carnitine carrier protein), CAT.
An essential system that supports fatty acid oxidation is the carnitine shuttle system.
What is fatty acid oxidation?An essential system that supports fatty acid oxidation is the carnitine shuttle system.The carnitine shuttle system's chemicals and enzymes serve the following purposes:Intermembrane space (IMS): This region of the cell is where the carnitine system's enzymes function.Carnitine acyltransferase I, or CAT1 Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 is another name for this. It transforms long-chain acyl-CoA species into the appropriate long-chain acyl-carnitines so that they can be transported into the mitochondria.Carnitine acyltransferase II, or CAT2, in the mitochondria: This enzyme is present inside the mitochondria and is responsible for oxidizing long-chain fatty acids there.(Carnitine carrier protein), carnitine/acylcarnitine translocase, CAT: A cytoplasmic acylcarnitine transporter switches out for mitochondrial carnitine in this membrane transporter.To learn more about fatty acid oxidation refer to:
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Which is the most malleable chemical elements?
The most malleable metal is gold (Au), which is The metal that is most malleable is gold (Au). Gold may be rolled into sheets that are light-transmitting thin.
What substance is malleable?
Metals like gold, iron, aluminum, copper, silver, and lead are examples of malleable metals. Silver and gold are quite malleable. The shape of a sheet is formed when hot iron is hammered.
Which is most flexible?The most malleable metal among the possibilities presented to us is gold. It has a face-centered cubic lattice that enables lattice dislocation mobility. The metal's atoms can readily move past one another.
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Which of the following insoluble salts would you expect to dissolve upon the addition of nitric acid?(a) CaF2(b) NiS(c) Ag3PO4(d) AgCl(e) BaSO4(e) All would dissolve with the addition of acid.(f) None of these would dissolve upon the addition of acid.
Highly potent acid HNO₃ is. The oxidizing agent also uses it. CaF₂, NiS, Ag₃PO₄, AgCl, and BaSO₄ are the insoluble salts in this example.CaF₂, NiS, Ag₃PO₄ are dissolved, and AgCl and BaSO₄ not dissolved in HNO₃.
An oxidizing agent is a material in a redox chemical process that obtains or "accepts"/"receives" an electron from a reducing agent (also known as an oxidant, oxidizer, electron recipient, or electron acceptor) (called the reductant, reducer, or electron donor). Or to put it another way, an oxidizer is anything that oxidizes something else. This is described by saying that oxidizers "undergo reduction" and "are reduced" whereas reducers "undergo oxidation" and "are oxidized." The oxidation state, which characterizes the degree of electron loss, of the oxidizer falls while that of the reductant increases. The three most common oxidizing substances are oxygen, hydrogen peroxide, and halogens.
An oxidizing agent is a chemical species that goes through a chemical reaction in which it obtains one or more electrons, to put it simply.
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draw the lewis structure for the ethylene molecule. be sure to include all resonance structures that satisfy the octet rule.
C2H4 is CH2=CH2, it has one double bond meaning it has pi electrons.
It is electron rich . Therefore it's miles lewis base.Ethylene, or ethene, is an unsaturated hydrocarbon. It is a drab gas. Its chemical formulation is C2H4 wherein there may be a double bond among the carbons. It is extraordinarily flammable and it has planar structure.
Some molecules aren't capable of fulfill the octet rule via way of means of making handiest unmarried covalent bonds among the atoms. Con- sider the compound ethene, which has a molecular formulation of C2H4.
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in the context of small molecules with similar molar masses, arrange the intermolecular forces by strength. you are currently in a ranking module. turn off browse mode or quick nav, tab to move, space or enter to pick up, tab to move items between bins, arrow keys to change the order of items, space or enter to drop. stro
The decreasing order of the strength of the intermolecular forces of the molecule is:
Hydrogen bonding>dipole-dipole forces>london-dispersion forces
What are intermolecular forces?
Intermolecular forces, often abbreviated to IMF, are the appealing and repulsive forces that rise up among the molecules of a substance. those forces mediate the interactions among person molecules of a substance.Intermolecular forces are liable for most of the physical and chemical properties of matter.Forces additionally exist among the molecules themselves and these are together referred to as intermolecular forces. Intermolecular forces are specially liable for the physical traits of the substance.Intermolecular forces are chargeable for the condensed states of count. The particles making up solids and drinks are held together through intermolecular forces and these forces affect a number of the physical properties of rely in those states.To know more about intermolecular forces, click the link given below:
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what does the ph scale measure; what is ph in water
Answer:
The ph scale measures how acidic a substance is.
The ph level in water is about 7
Explanation:
In terms of electron energy band structure, discuss reasons for the difference in electrical conductivity between metals, semiconductors, and insulators.
The number of electrons in the valence shell determines conductivity. Metals, for instance, have a gap in their valence shell. This makes it simple to stimulate electrons so they can switch bands. There are no open electron sites in the outer shell of semiconductors and insulators.
For this to happen, an electron must have sufficient energy to cross into a different band. Consequently, a wider gap must be filled, using more energy. The band gap of insulators is wider than that of semiconductors. Therefore, the conductivity of a material has a direct relationship with the band gap size.The ability of water to conduct an electrical current is measured by its conductivity. Conductivity rises with salinity because dissolved salts and other inorganic compounds carry electrical current. Oil and other organic materials have a low electrical conductivity in water because they do not conduct electricity well. Temperature also has an impact on conductivity; the higher the conductivity, the warmer the water. Conductivity is a helpful indicator of water quality in general.
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dishwashing liquid, toothpaste, and butter are used for different purposes, but they would all be considered products.
The products such as dishwashing liquids, toothpaste and butter are important in chemistry and have different uses.
Dishwashing liquid has the chemical method is C17H35COO- plus a metallic cation, both Na+ or K+. The very last molecule is known as sodium stearate and is a kind of salt. Depending at the metallic cation, soaps are both potassium salts or sodium salts organized as long-chain carboxylic acids.
Everyday items, inclusive of toothpaste, revolve round chemistry. Lets first start out with toothpaste's maximum widely known element Sodium Fluoride.
Some molecules like water (H20) or sugar (C6H12O6), butter does now no longer have one molecular formula; rather, it's far a aggregate of triglycerides.
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two atoms of a single element that have a different number of neutrons are two distinct of that element.
The response is 1. A single element will always contain the same number of protons. The number of neutrons can fluctuate, though. While the number of protons in an element's isotopes can vary, the number of neutrons does not.
Isotopes are members of an element's family who share the same number of protons but have unique neutron counts. The atomic number of an element on the Periodic Table is determined by the number of protons in its nucleus.
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what reagents are needed to make phenol from benzene? a. [1] hno3, h2so4; [2] nano2, hcl; [3] lialh4; [4] h2o b. [1] sn, hcl; [2] hno3, h2so4; [3] lialh4; [4] h2o c. [1] hno3, h2so4; [2] sn, hcl; [3] nano2, hcl; [4] h2o d. [1] hno3, h2so4; [2] cucn [3] lialh4; [4] h2o e. [1] hno3, h2so4; [2] sn, hcl; [3] nano2, hcl; [4] cucn
Reagents used for making phenol from benzene are [tex]H_{2} SO_{4}[/tex] and [tex]HNO_{3}[/tex]. Another reagent used is NaOH.
Due to the pi electrons on the oxygen atom providing electron density into the ring, phenol is very reactive to electrophilic aromatic substitution. By using this general strategy, other groups can be joined to the ring using techniques including acylation, halogenation, and sulfonation.
But because phenol's ring is second only to aniline so strongly activated, chlorination or bromination of phenol will result in replacement of the hydroxyl group on all carbon atoms, ortho and para, instead of just one.
The conc. is used to warm the ben. sulfuric acid to develop acid sulfonated with benzene. The sodium phenoxide is then produced by heating the sodium hydroxide. Phenol is produced through sulphuric acid hydrolysis. The above list contains the reaction order.
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Does sodium and oxygen form an ionic bond?
Oxygen and sodium will combine to generate an ionic compound.
What kind of link do oxygen and sodium form?Since sodium is a component of an alkalis and oxygen is just a non-metal as well as a gas, an ionic connection is created.Na + O2 NaO2 OR 4Na + O2 2Na2O (s) (s).
What occurs when sodium and oxygen bind?As an illustration, sodium and oxygen can react to form sodium oxide.To create the ionic substance sodium oxide, sodium atoms undergo a transformation into sodium ions.Atoms of sodium lose electrons; they have undergone oxidation.
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based on the information opposite and periodic trens which fo the following is the best hypothesis regardsing the oxides formed by rb
According to the information and the periodic trends the best hypothesis regarding the oxides formed by the Rb , Rubidium is Rb will form Rb₂O, Rb₂O₂ and the RbO₂.
The Rb, Rubidium is the alkali metal and placed in the group 1 and the period 5 in the periodic table. The electronic configuration of the Rb is expressed as :
Rb = 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶3d¹⁰4s²4p⁶5s¹
The electron in the outer most shell is the valence electron which is only one electron. so, the valence electron in the rubidium is very loosely bonded with the nucleus and can be easily removed . the oxides formed by the Rubidium is given as:
Rb₂O = Rubidium oxide Rb₂O₂ = Rubidium peroxide RbO₂ = Rubidium superoxideTo learn more about oxides here
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how many moles of CaCo3 are there in 25 grams
Answer: 0.12 moles
Explanation:
We can calculate the molar mass of CaCo3 can be found using the masses of those elements 40.08 + 3(58.9)=216.78g/mol.
We have 25 grams so 25/216.78=0.12 moles CaCo3.
Which of the following units would you use to describe the amount of air in a propane tank?
Ampere
Gallon
Gram
Meter
Gallon can be used to describe the amount of air in a propane tank. Therefore, option (B) is correct.
What is a Gallon?The gallon can be described as a unit of volume in imperial units and United States customary units. The gallon currently describes in the imperial system, and in the US customary system.
The British imperial gallon can be described as exactly 4.54609 dm³. The US liquid gallon or "gallon" can be described as 231 cubic inches, which is approximately 3.78 liters.
In the US, a common bottle size for liquor was one-fifth of a US gallon or one-sixth of an imperial gallon. Both the US liquid and imperial gallon are divided into quarter gallons, which in turn are divided into two cups, which in turn are further divided into two gills.
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Answer:
Gallon
Explanation:
I got it right on the test.
g when 63ni (atomic number 28) undergoes beta decay, what is the resulting daughter particle? (in the blanks below, type in element symbol, atomic number, and mass number. do not type in the full name of the element.) the daughter particle is element symbol question blank 1 of 3 with atomic number question blank 2 of 3 and mass number question blank 3 of 3
The resulting daughter particle is the remaining nuclide left over from radioactive decay.
In a nuclear decay reaction, also called radioactive decay, an unstable nucleus emits radiation and transforms into the nucleus of one or more other elements. The resulting daughter nucleus has lower mass and energy than the decaying parent nucleus.
The first isotope is called the parent and the new isotope is called the daughter. The half-life of an isotope is the time it takes for half of the atoms of the parent isotope to change to atoms of the daughter isotope. The spontaneous transformation of one unstable nuclide into another is radioactive decay. Unstable nuclides are called parent nuclides.
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write the electron configuration for a neutral atom of zinc.; write the electron configuration for a neutral atom of arsenic.; write the electron configuration for a neutral atom of tellurium.; write the electron configuration for a neutral atom of cadmium.; write the electron configuration for a neutral atom of antimony; write the electron configuration for a neutral atom of gallium.; write the electron configuration for a neutral atom of xenon.; write the electron configuration for a neutral atom of indium.
Zinc has the following electronic configuration: 1 s 2 2 s 2 2 p 6 3 s 2 3 p 6 3 d 10 4 s2.
What element has the formula 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d3?Vanadium (V), if you're thinking about a neutral atom, has that specific arrangement of electrons. Since vanadium, a transition metal in the fourth row of group five of the periodic table, has an atomic mass of 23, the atom you're seeking for has an atomic mass of 23.
An element with the electron configuration 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 has how many valence electrons?The quantity of valance electrons, which take part in the construction of an atom's outermost shell.
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write the chemical formula for each.
The chemical formula for
Lithium carbonate - Li2CO3, Sodium sulfite - Na2SO3, Mercury(I) Phosphite - Hg6(PO3)2, chromium(ii) dichromate - CrCr2O7, Ammonium carbonate - (NH4)2CO3, calcium dihydrogen phosphate - CaH2PO4, mercury(ii) hypochlorite - HgCl2, Iron(III) sulfide - Fe₂S₃, Copper(I) Permanganate - CuMnO4, Tin(IV) fluoride - SnF₄, Lead(II) iodide - PbI2, Silver oxide - Ag2O.
Define Lithium carbonate - Li2CO3?An inorganic substance, lithium carbonate is the lithium salt of carbonate and has the formula Li 2CO3.In the removal of metal oxides, this white salt is frequently utilized.In order to create lithium carbonate, lithium salts must first be reacted with soda or potash. The salt must then be purified because it is not easily soluble.This drug is used to treat mania and depression (bipolar disorder). By bringing back the proper ratio of some natural chemicals (neurotransmitters) in the brain, it helps to regulate mood and lessen excessive behavior.Having the carbonate ion, a polyatomic ion with the formula CO23, a carbonate is a salt of carbonic acid (H2CO3). A carbonate ester, an organic molecule with a carbonate group, is another possible meaning of the word "carbonate."To learn more about Lithium carbonate - Li2CO3 refer to:
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which of the statements below correctly describes one of the five defining criteria for being a mineral? A.Minerals only occur as solids. B.Minerals are not produced by biologically processes. C.Minerals can lack a repetitive geometric structure on the atomic scale. D.Each mineral has a definite chemical composition with no possibility for variation or the substitution of elements.
The correct statement among the given below statements is minerals only occur as solids. Hence, option A is correct.
By the definition of a mineral as a homogeneous solid, a mineral is composed of a single solid substance of uniform composition that cannot be physically separated into simpler chemical compounds. Homogeneity of the mineral is determined relative to the scale on which it is defined.
A naturally occurring, homogeneous inorganic solid is a substance which have a definite chemical composition and characteristic crystalline structure, color, and hardness. Types of minerals found in the earth's crust include azurite, aragonite, biotite, calcite, garnet, gold and pyrite.
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p-450 enzymes that hydroxylate a variety of hydrophobic compounds, including xenobiotics, are found in the:
P450 enzymes that hydroxylate a variety of hydrophobic compounds including xenobiotics are found in the liver cells.
CYP450 enzymes evolved as the primary defense against xenobiotics and in this process are also responsible for the bioactivation of drugs and toxicants to more reactive intermediates. Cytochrome P450 enzymes are primarily found in liver cells but are also located in cells throughout the body.
Cytochromes P450 are enzymes that oxidize substances using iron and are able to metabolize a large variety of xenobiotic substances. CYP enzymes are linked to a wide array of reactions including O-dealkylation S-oxidation epoxidation and hydroxylation. Cytochrome P450 enzymes are essential for the production of cholesterol steroids prostacyclins and thromboxane A2.
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which of the following is a correct set for a valence electron in potassium atom at the ground state?atomic no of K=19. Q.
The potassium valence electron's atomic number, K=19, corresponds to the correct quartet of four quantum numbers.
How are electrons made up?An electron is a negatively charged subatomic particle, whether it is linked to or detached from an atom (not bound). Along with neutrons and protons the electron is a constituent particle of an atom and is one of the three primary types of particles found there.
Why are electrons used?GitHub created the open source package called Electron to help developers create cross-platform desktop applications using JavaScript, HTML, and CSS. By fusing Chromium and Node, Electron achieves this. It is possible to package apps for Mac, Win, and Linux using JavaScript into a single runtime.
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the polarizability of an atom increases as the increases.
the polarizability of an atom increases as the increases.
first ionization energy
principal quantum number of the valence electron shell
all of the above answers would correctly complete the sentence.
effective nuclear charge
The polarizability of an atom increases as the increases :
principal quantum number of the valence electron shell
Polarizability can be defined as the ease to with which the electron cloud of the atom is distorted. id the principle quantum number of the valence shell electron increase that means when we move down the group in a periodic table than the valence electrons are loosely bonded to the nucleus and the ionization energy decreases and the polarizability will be increases.
Thus the principal quantum number of the valence electron shell increase will lead to the increase in the polarizability of an atom.
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measure or estimate npp , it can become the most difficult or challenging in___biomes, because___.
Measure or estimate npp , it can become the most difficult or challenging in aquatic biomes, because in aquatic ecosystems, light and nutrients limit primary production.
Light, water, temperature, and mineral nutrients are the four main abiotic factors that typically regulate the amount of NPP on land, and all of these abiotic factors are undergoing rapid change as a result of human activity, with very unknown implications for both local and global NPP. Net primary production (NPP) is restricted by the availability of land, water, solar radiation, and soils, despite the fact that humans can affect that capacity through inputs and management. Aquatic productivity is the rate at which energy is converted into organic materials by photosynthetic and chemosynthetic autotrophs. The primary limiting elements in an aquatic ecosystem are salinity, temperature, sunshine, oxygen content, nutrition availability, and oxygen content.
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Activity 1. How many moles of Ca(OH)₂ are required to react with 1.36 mol of H3PO4 to produce Ca3(PO4)2 according to the equation; 3Ca(OH)₂ + 2H3PO4 Ca3(PO4)2 + 6H₂O?
Answer:2.04moles
Explanation:
3Ca(OH)₂ + 2H3PO4 →Ca3(PO4)2 + 6H₂O
n(Ca(OH)₂):n(H₃PO₄)
3 :2
X:1.6
1.6/2)x3
2.4 moles
Asphalt is a mixture of high molecular weight hydrocarbons. You walk across a newly paved road and get asphalt on the bottom of your shoes.
A) Would Octane be the best solvent to used to remove the asphalt?
B) Explain why or why not
Asphalt is a mixture of high molecular weight hydrocarbons, yes octane is the best solvent to remove the asphalt.
A) Yes, octane is the best solvent to remove the asphalt.
B) Octane is an organic solvent that is non-polar in nature. Asphalt is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons with a high molecular weight. In its natural state, this mixture is also non-polar in nature. As per the general law, like dissolves like. This shows that polar substances are able to dissolve in polar solvents, whereas non-polar substances are able to dissolve in non-polar solvents.
Octane, which is a non-polar solvent, has the ability to dissolve asphalt, which is also a non-polar mixture. Because of this, octane is the most effective solvent for removing asphalt.
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What happens to the volume of gases if temperature and pressure is the same?; What happens to the pressure of the gas if the volume increases?; What happens to the pressure of a gas if the volume increases but temperature and moles are constant?; Which law relates temperature pressure volume and the number of moles of a gas under perfect conditions?
The volume of a given quantity of gas kept at constant temperature changes inversely with the applied pressure while the temperature and mass are constant, according to Boyle's Law.
Robert Boyle performed an experiment on gases to study the deviation of its behavior in changed physical conditions. It states that under a constant temperature when the pressure on a gas increases its volume decreases. Boyle's Law states the relation between volume and pressure at constant temperature and mass.When pressure and temperature are maintained constant, Avagadro's Law provides the relationship between volume and amount of gas in moles. Boyle's Law provides the link between volume and pressure at constant mass and temperature.The volume grows as the temperature rises and decreases as the temperature falls, as seen in these common examples of how temperature affects the volume of a given quantity of a confined gas under constant pressure.
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The order of prosthetic groups as they act in the three proteins of the PDH(pyruvate dehydrogenase) complex is:A) FAD → thiamine pyrophosphate → NAD+B) FAD → thiamine pyrophosphate → dihydrolipoamideC) thiamine pyrophosphate → dihydrolipoamide → FADD) NAD+ → FAD → dihydrolipoamide
The order of prosthetic groups as they act in the three proteins of the PDH (pyruvate dehydrogenase) complex is: C) thiamine pyrophosphate → dihydrolipoamide → FAD
A prosthetic group is a non-amino acid component that is closely attached to the apoprotein and makes up the structure of heteroproteins or conjugated proteins. Not to be confused with the cofactor that non-covalently binds a non-protein to the enzyme apoenzyme (either a holoprotein or heteroprotein) (non-amino acid) A conjugated protein must contain this part in order for the protein to function biologically. [1] The prosthetic group may be inorganic (such as a phosphate, lipid, sugar, vitamin, or RNA) or organic (such as a metal ion). Proteins are firmly connected by prosthetic groups, and they may even be joined by a covalent bond.
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What is the term used to describe protons and neutrons collectively?
a. Neutrinos.b. Positrons. C. Nucleons
Nucleons are the aggregate name for protons and neutrons. One of the two types of subatomic particles found in the atom's nucleus is referred to as a nucleon.
Explain about the Nucleons?Either of the protons or neutrons that make up atomic nuclei. Under the influence of the short-range nuclear force, positively charged protons and neutral neutrons behave indistinguishably non terms of how they are bound in nuclei and how they scatter from one another.
Protons and neutrons are referred to as nucleons together. The particles found in an atom's nucleus are called nucleons. Neutrons are subatomic particles with no charge. The particles found in an atom's nucleus are called nucleons. Protons and neutrons, generally referred to as nucleons, make up the nucleus. Protons and neutrons make up the nucleus, which has a charge. The weight of the nucleus is referred to as the nuclear mass.
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In which substance are the electrostatic forces between molecules the strongest?(1 point)acetonepropaneturpentineglycerin
In glycerin the electrostatic forces between the molecules are stronger.
What are electrostatic forces between molecules?They are commonly called intermolecular forces and represent the set of attractive and repulsive forces that occur between the molecules of matter due to polarity, that is, the presence and distribution of their electrons.
The strength of intermolecular forcesOrganic substances are mostly molecular compounds with predominantly covalent bonds. They have van der Waals intermolecular bonds that are quite weak forces that cause their melting temperatures to be low.
In the case of propane, the electrostatic forces between its molecules are very weak, which is why it is a gas under normal conditions and has a melting point of -188 °C.Acetone is a compound that also has slight intermolecular forces and, although liquid, evaporates easily, its melting point being -95 °C.Turpentine is a polyalcohol with a carbon chain with three carbon atoms and three hydroxyl groups with somewhat greater intermolecular forces that allow it to be liquid at room temperature and a melting point of -50 to -60 ºC.Glycerin as a mixture of paraffinic, olefinic, cycloparaffinic and aromatic hydrocarbons has a much higher melting temperature (20 °C) than the aforementioned compounds.Learn more about electrostatic forces at https://brainly.com/question/9774180
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diborane- () is a colorless, highly reactive gas that will burst into flames when exposed to oxygen. the reaction is calculate the kilojoules of heat released per gram of the compound reacted with oxygen. the standard enthalpy of formations of , , , and are , , , and , respectively. round your answer to decimal place.
-78.5 kilojoules of heat released per gram of the compound reacted with oxygen.
What is Heat?
Heat is the result of the movement of kinetic energy within a material or an item, or from an energy source to a material or an object. Radiation, conduction, and convection are the three mechanisms through which such energy can be transferred.
Calculation:
B2H6 + 3O2 ------> B2O3 + 3H2O
∆H = ∑ ∆H(products) - ∑ ∆H(reactants)
∆H = { ∆H B2O3 + 3∆H H2O) - { ∆H B2H6 + 3∆H O2}
∆H = {(1273.5) + 3 ×(-285.8)} - {(36.4) + 0}
∆H = -2167.3KJ/mol
1mol of B2H6 = 2(10.8) + 6(1)
= 27.6g
∆H = -2167. 3KJ/27.6 g= -78.5 KJ/g.
Hence, the amount of -78.5 kilojoules of heat released per gram of the compound reacted with oxygen.
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What are some differences between each of the following pairs?
a. secondary and tertiary protein structures b. essential and nonessential amino acids c. polar and nonpolar amino acids d. dipeptides and tripeptides e. an a helix and collagen f. a helix and B-pleated sheet g. tertiary and quaternary structures of proteins
The differences between each of the pair is a. secondary and tertiary protein structures of protein.
a. No sharp dividing line exists between
secondary and tertiary structures. Secondary structure refers to the spatial arrangement of amino acids close to one another on a polypeptide chain, whereas tertiary structure refers to the three-dimensional arrangement of all atoms of a polypeptide chain. Among the most important factors in maintaining 3° structure are disulfide bonds, hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen bonding, and salt linkages ; Secondary structure is mainly defines by H-bonding between amino acids in localized regions of a polypeptide or protein
b. Essential amino acids cannot be made by metabolic process of human body, Essential amino acids can be synthesized by human body.
c. The amino acids are divided into 2 categories: those with nonpolar side chains are Non-polar amino acids ( exp. Alanine, Leucine ) , and with polar side chains like acidic side chains ( Aspartic acid) , basic side chains (lysine) and -OH/-SH groups (serine) in side chains are Polar amino acids.
d. A molecule containing two amino acids joined by an amide bond (-CONH-) is called a dipeptide. Those containing 3 amino acids
are called tripeptides. ( di-, tri- indicates No. of Amino acids )
e. Collagen consists of a triple helix made of the repetitious amino acid sequences , it is tertiary structures, whereas a-Helix is Secondary structure.
f. a-Helix, is a type of secondary structure in which a section of polypeptide chain coils into a spiral, most commonly a righthanded spiral. b-Pleated sheet is also
a type of secondary structure in which sections of polypeptide chains are aligned
parallel or antiparallel to one another.
g. Quaternary structure, is The arrangement of polypeptide monomers into
a noncovalently bonded aggregate. Many proteins or polypetides in tertiary structure constitues Quaternary structure.
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