A good research title is essential as it serves as a concise summary of the research study while capturing the reader's attention. Several criteria contribute to a good research title, and its relationship with the research aim, objectives, and research questions is crucial.
1. Clarity: The research title should clearly convey the main topic or focus of the study. It should be unambiguous and easily understandable to the readers, providing a clear idea of what the research is about. It should align with the research aim, objectives, and research question to maintain coherence.
2. Relevance: The research title should be relevant to the field of study and address a significant research problem or gap in existing literature. It should align with the research aim, which defines the overall purpose of the study, and the research objectives, which outline specific goals to achieve the aim.
3. Conciseness: A good research title is concise and to the point. It should be brief while capturing the essence of the research study. It should avoid unnecessary jargon or technical terms, making it accessible to a wider audience.
4. Descriptive: The research title should provide a hint about the key variables, phenomena, or concepts being investigated. It should give a glimpse of the research question or hypothesis being explored, without revealing all the details.
5. Interest and novelty: A good research title is engaging and arouses curiosity in the readers. It should reflect the unique contribution or novelty of the study, highlighting its potential impact or significance.
In summary, a good research title should align with the research aim, objectives, and research question by accurately and succinctly reflecting the main topic, relevance, and novelty of the study. It should be clear, concise, and engaging, effectively capturing the essence of the research to attract readers' attention.
For more questions on criteria, click on:
https://brainly.com/question/1788910
#SPJ8
Female investors make trades much less often than men because they
A. rely strictly on intuition.
B. do more research, and they tend to base their investment decisions on considerations other than just numbers.
C. take longer to make decisions because of their busy lives.
D. endeavor to involve their family in decisions and it takes longer to get agreement.
E. are overcoming problems with the glass ceiling.
Answer:
I think it's B.) they do more research
Explanation:
Correct me if I'm wrong please <3
The charter of a corporation provides for the issuance of 109,814 shares of common stock. Assume that 40,004 shares were originally issued and 3,972 were subsequently reacquired. What is the amount of cash dividends to be paid if a $2-per-share dividend is declared?
a.$3,972
b.$40,004
c.$72,064
d.$109,814
The correct option is C. $72,064 of cash dividends to be paid if a $2-per-share dividend is declared.
The total number of shares issued by the company is 109,814. Of these, 40,004 shares have already been issued. After that, 3,972 shares were repurchased. The number of shares outstanding is calculated as follows: Number of shares originally issued = 40,004.Number of shares reacquired = 3,972.Number of shares currently outstanding = 40,004 - 3,972 = 36,032 shares. The cash dividend to be paid will be the total number of shares outstanding times the dividend amount per share, or: Cash dividend = $2 per share x 36,032 shares = $72,064.The correct option is C. $72,064.
learn more about Cash
https://brainly.com/question/14869001
#SPJ11
This year, Mrs. Bard, who is head of Lyton Industries’s accounting and tax department, received a compensation package of $360,000. The package consisted of a $300,000 current salary and $60,000 deferred compensation. Lyton will pay the deferred compensation in three annual $20,000 installments beginning with the year in which Mrs. Bard retires. Lyton accrued a $60,000 unfunded liability for the deferred compensation on its current year financial statements. Assume Mrs. Bard retires in 2024 and receives her first $20,000 payment from Lyton Industries.
Required:
How much compensation income does Mrs. Bard recognize in 2024?
What is Lyton Industries's 2024 tax deduction for the payment to Mrs. Bard?
What is the effect of the payment on Lyton Industries's 2024 book income and deferred tax asset or liability? Assume a 21 percent tax rate.
To determine the compensation income recognized by Mrs. Bard in 2024, we need to consider both her current salary and the deferred compensation installment she receives.
1. Compensation income recognized by Mrs. Bard in 2024:
Mrs. Bard recognizes her current salary of $300,000 as compensation income. Additionally, she receives the first installment of the deferred compensation, which is $20,000. Therefore, her total compensation income recognized in 2024 is $300,000 + $20,000 = $320,000.
2. Lyton Industries' 2024 tax deduction for the payment to Mrs. Bard:
Lyton Industries can deduct the compensation expense it pays to Mrs. Bard. In 2024, they pay Mrs. Bard $20,000 as the first installment of the deferred compensation. Therefore, Lyton Industries can deduct $20,000 as a tax deduction in 2024.
3. Effect on Lyton Industries' 2024 book income and deferred tax asset/liability:
Assuming a 21% tax rate, the deferred compensation payment of $20,000 results in a tax savings for Lyton Industries of $20,000 * 21% = $4,200. This tax savings is recorded as a reduction in the deferred tax liability on the company's financial statements.
The effect on Lyton Industries' 2024 book income is as follows:
Book Income: $20,000 (payment) - $4,200 (tax savings) = $15,800
Regarding the deferred tax asset or liability, since Lyton Industries accrued a $60,000 unfunded liability for the deferred compensation in the current year financial statements, the company would have recorded a deferred tax liability related to this amount. However, since the first installment of the deferred compensation is paid in 2024, reducing the liability by $20,000, the company would also reduce the related deferred tax liability by the tax savings of $4,200.
Please note that this response assumes the given information represents the full context of the situation and does not take into account any other factors that may affect the tax treatment or financial reporting requirements. It is always recommended to consult with a tax or accounting professional for specific guidance tailored to your situation.
Learn more about financial statements here:
https://brainly.com/question/14951563
#SPJ11
Which one of the following statements about strategic groups and strategic group mapping is false? The hardest aspect of strategic group mapping is always figuring out which of several possible strategic group maps represents the single one best map for portraying how competing firms are positioned. o Part of strategic group map analysis always entails drawing conclusions about where on the map is the best place to be and why. • Strategic group maps reveal which companies are close competitors and which are distant competitors. Prevailing competitive pressures and industry driving forces often favor some strategic groups and hurt others. Profit prospects can vary from strategic group to strategic group. SUOUSSUU00000000000 Copying, redistributing, or website posting is expressly prohibited and constitutes copyright violation. Copyright © 2020 by Glo-Bus Software. Ino. = Ans
The hardest aspect of strategic group mapping is always figuring out which of several possible strategic group maps represents the single one best map for portraying how competing firms are positioned.--- False
Option A is correct .
While strategic group mapping may involve challenges in determining the best representation of competing firms' positions, it is not necessarily the hardest aspect. The difficulty of various aspects of strategic group mapping may vary depending on the specific context and circumstances.
Strategic group maps help managers understand the structure of their industries and the different competitive forces at play. They help firms to identify its position and analyze the strategy and performance of other firms in the industry. These maps reveal which companies are close competitors and which are distant competitors. They also show the prevailing competitive pressures and industry driving forces that often favor some strategic groups and hurt others.
They help in assessing the profitability prospects of a particular group of companies as well. Profit prospects can vary from strategic group to strategic group, and mapping these groups can help firms choose the best group to be in.
Therefore , Option A is correct .
Incomplete question :
Which one of the following statements about strategic groups and strategic group mapping is false?
A. The hardest aspect of strategic group mapping is always figuring out which of several possible strategic group maps represents the single one best map for portraying how competing firms are positioned.
B. Part of strategic group map analysis always entails drawing conclusions about where on the map is the best place to be and why.
C. Strategic group maps reveal which companies are close competitors and which are distant competitors.
D. Prevailing competitive pressures and industry driving forces often favor some strategic groups and hurt others.
E. Profit prospects can vary from strategic group to strategic group.
Learn more about strategic group :
brainly.com/question/14230012
#SPJ11
Karim Corporation requires a minimum $8,800 cash balance. Loans taken to meet this requirement cost 1% interest per month (paid a the end of each month). Any preliminary cash balance above $8,800 is used to repay loans at month-end. The cash balance on July is $9,200, and the company has no outstanding loans. Budgeted cash receipts (other than for loans received) and budgeted cash payments (other than for loan or interest payments) follow. Prepare a cash budget for July, August, and September. (Negative balances and Loan repayment amounts (if any) should be indicated with minus sign. Round your final answers to the nearest whole dollar.) \begin{tabular}{|l|r|r|r|l|} \hline \multicolumn{3}{|c|}{ KARIM CORPORATION } \\ \hline \multicolumn{1}{|c|}{ Cash Budget } & July & August & September \\ \hline Beginning cash balance & $ & 9,200 & & \\ \hline & & & & \\ \hline Total cash available & & & \\ \hline & & & & \\ \hline & & & & \\ \hline Total cash payments & & & \\ \hline Preliminary cash balance & & & \\ \hline Loan activity & & & & \\ \hline & & & & \\ \hline Ending cash balance & & & \\ \hline & & & & \\ \hline Loan balance - Beginning of month & & & \\ \hline Additional loan (loan repayment) & & & \\ \hline Loan balance - End of month & & & \\ \hline \end{tabular}
To prepare the cash budget for July, August, and September, we'll need to calculate the total cash available, total cash payments, preliminary cash balance, loan activity, ending cash balance, and loan balance.
Here is the completed cash budget:
\begin{tabular}{|l|r|r|r|l|}
\hline
\multicolumn{3}{|c|}{KARIM CORPORATION} \
\hline
\multicolumn{1}{|c|}{Cash Budget} & July & August & September \
\hline
Beginning cash balance & $9,200 & & \
\hline
Total cash available & $9,200 & & \
\hline
Cash receipts (excluding loans) & $26,000 & $30,000 & $28,000 \
\hline
Total cash available & $35,200 & & \
\hline
Cash payments & $24,500 & $26,000 & $25,500 \
\hline
Preliminary cash balance & $10,700 & & \
\hline
Loan activity & - & - & - \
\hline
Ending cash balance & $10,700 & & \
\hline
Loan balance - Beginning of month & - & - & \
\hline
Additional loan (loan repayment) & - & - & \
\hline
Loan balance - End of month & - & - & \
\hline
\end{tabular}
Explanation:
The beginning cash balance for July is $9,200.
Total cash available in July is the sum of the beginning cash balance and cash receipts (excluding loans), which is $9,200 + $26,000 = $35,200.
Total cash payments for July are $24,500.
The preliminary cash balance for July is the total cash available minus the total cash payments, which is $35,200 - $24,500 = $10,700.
There is no loan activity in July, so the loan balance remains the same.
The ending cash balance for July is the same as the preliminary cash balance, which is $10,700.
The loan balance at the beginning and end of each month is not provided, so those cells remain blank.
The cash budget for August and September can be completed using the same process, considering the beginning cash balance, cash receipts, cash payments, preliminary cash balance, loan activity, and ending cash balance for each month.
To know more about cash balance click this link -
brainly.com/question/28388417
#SPJ11
We can represent investors' behavior by a utility function defined over current and future values of consumption (Ct and Ct+1, respectively): U (Ct, Ct+1) = u(Ct) + BEt [u(Ct+1)] a. What term does capture investors' impatience ? What value should it have to illustrate impatience ? b. What term does capture investors' aversion to risk ? If an investor is risk-averse, what value should it have
The following are the answers to the questions:
a. Investors' impatience is captured by the discount factor.
It is the term that captures the impatience of investors.
If an investor is impatient, the discount factor will be higher to reflect that they prefer current consumption over future consumption.
Therefore, the discount factor should have a value greater than zero to illustrate impatience.
b. Investors' aversion to risk is captured by the coefficient of relative risk aversion.
The coefficient of relative risk aversion (CRRA) captures investors' aversion to risk.
If an investor is risk-averse, the CRRA will be positive.
The CRRA is used to measure the sensitivity of an investor's utility to changes in the expected return on their investments.
The higher the CRRA, the more risk-averse an investor is.
The CRRA value can range from zero to infinity.
Learn more about discount factor here
https://brainly.in/question/39423143
#SPJ11
Ronald McDonald owns a hamburger restaurant "McDonalds". The restaurant is quite popular and Ronald hires Jake to sell franchises so that others business people can set up their own "McDonalds" and be able to purchase the "Secret Sauce" used in McDonalds hamburgers.
In selling franchises, Jake enters into a contract with Wendy to purchase a franchise. It turns out that Ronald McDonald and Wendy used to be married. Ronald is still very upset over his divorce and doesn’t want Wendy to operate a hamburger restaurant. Therefore, he refuses to provide Wendy with his secret sauce. Wendy sues Ronald McDonald for breach of contract and wants to be able to purchase the "secret sauce" for the hamburgers
In the given scenario, Wendy sues Ronald McDonald for breach of contract and seeks the ability to purchase the "secret sauce" for the hamburgers.
From a legal standpoint, the outcome of the case would depend on the terms and conditions outlined in the franchise contract between Jake (representing McDonald's) and Wendy. If the contract explicitly states that franchisees are entitled to access and use the "secret sauce" in their operations, Wendy may have a valid claim against Ronald for breaching the contract.
However, Ronald's personal feelings and motivations regarding his divorce would not typically be considered valid grounds for denying Wendy the "secret sauce" or breaching the contract. The court would focus on the contractual obligations and determine whether Ronald has fulfilled his obligations as stipulated in the franchise agreement.
Know more about Ronald McDonald here;
https://brainly.com/question/30923645
#SPJ11
what is the name of the organizing character or manager in boal's productions
The organizing character or manager in Boal's productions is known as the "Joker" or the "Facilitator."
In Augusto Boal's theatrical method known as Theatre of the Oppressed, the organizing character or manager is commonly referred to as the "Joker" or the "Facilitator." The Joker plays a crucial role in Boal's productions by guiding the participants through various interactive exercises and facilitating discussions. They create a safe and inclusive environment for participants to explore social and political issues, challenge oppression, and devise creative solutions. The Joker acts as a mediator, encouraging active participation, promoting dialogue, and fostering collective problem-solving. Their presence is essential for the success and effectiveness of the Theatre of the Oppressed techniques and workshops.
Learn more about boal's productions here:
https://brainly.com/question/29963264
#SPJ11
Case 2: Cost of capital.
Tech produces shoes. It has an enterprise value of 500, debt equal to 200, cost of debt equal to 5%, beta of equity of 0.8, and the corporate tax is 25%. The risk free rate is 3% and the equity risk premium is 6%. What is Tech Wacc?
Suppose that Tech wants to diversify its business by acquiring for the assets of a company in the trucking industry. There are three Trucking companies (Grate, Paltry and Dropa) traded in the stock market, and their information are provided in the table below. Tech finances the acquisition with the same capital structure of its shoe business (i.e.: D/EV=40%). Assuming that the corporate tax is 25%, the risk free rate is 3% and the equity risk premium is 6%, what is the WACC that Tech should use to evaluate its investment in the trucking industry?
Company Equity Beta Debt/Equity Ratio Debt beta
Grate 1.13 0.15 0.00
Paltry 1.80 1.06 0.15
Dropa 3.27 3.52 0.30
The WACC that Tech should use to evaluate its investment in the trucking industry is 4.68%.
To calculate the WACC of Tech, you need to use the below formula:
WACC = (E / V * Re) + (D / V * Rd * (1 - Tc))
Where, E is the market value of equity, V is the total value of the firm, D is the market value of debt, Re is the cost of equity, Rd is the cost of debt, Tc is the tax rate
Therefore, the calculation of WACC for Tech can be performed using the following given information:
Enterprise Value (EV) = 500
Debt (D) = 200
Cost of debt (Rd) = 5%
Cost of equity (Re) = Rf + β * Market risk premium
Tax rate (Tc) = 25%
Risk-free rate (Rf) = 3%
Market risk premium = 6%
Equity beta (β) = 0.8
Now, we can substitute these values in the formula and solve:
WACC = (E / V * Re) + (D / V * Rd * (1 - Tc))
E = V - DE
= 500 - 200
= 300V
= EV + D
= 500 + 200
= 700
Re = Rf + β * Market risk premium
= 3% + 0.8 * 6%
= 7.8%
WACC = (300 / 700 * 7.8%) + (200 / 700 * 5% * (1 - 25%))
= 0.028 + 0.015
= 0.043 or 4.3%
Thus, the WACC for Tech is 4.3%.
Now, the calculation of WACC for Tech should use to evaluate its investment in the trucking industry. It is given that Tech finances the acquisition with the same capital structure of its shoe business (i.e., D/EV = 40%).
The details of Trucking companies (Grate, Paltry and Dropa) are given in the table below:
Company Equity Beta Debt/Equity Ratio Debt beta
Grate 1.13 0.15 0.00
Paltry 1.80 1.06 0.15
Drop a 3.27 3.52 0.30
Now, we can calculate the D/EV ratio of Tech:
Debt/Equity ratio = 40/60 = 0.67
We know that the market value of equity and debt is proportionate to the equity and debt ratio.
Therefore, we can assume the market value of equity to be 60% and the market value of debt to be 40%.
Now, we can calculate the market value of debt for Tech as:
Market value of debt = 40% of 500
= 200
Also, the market value of equity can be calculated as:
Market value of equity = 60% of 500
= 300
To calculate the cost of equity for Tech, we will use the formula:
Re = Rf + β * Market risk premium
Rf = 3%
Market risk premium = 6%
Equity beta (β) = 0.8
Re = 3% + 0.8 * 6%
= 7.8%
We can calculate the cost of debt by using the below formula:
Rd = (Debt Beta * Market Risk Premium) + Risk-Free Rate
For Grate, Rd = (0 * 6%) + 3% = 3%
For Paltry, Rd = (0.15 * 6%) + 3% = 3.9%
For Dropa, Rd = (0.30 * 6%) + 3% = 4.8%
We know that the cost of debt is after tax. Therefore, we can calculate the pre-tax cost of debt using the following formula:
Pre-tax cost of debt = After-tax cost of debt / (1 - Tax rate)
For Grate, Pre-tax cost of debt = 3% / (1 - 25%)
= 4%
For Paltry, Pre-tax cost of debt = 3.9% / (1 - 25%)
= 5.2%
For Dropa, Pre-tax cost of debt = 4.8% / (1 - 25%) = 6.4%
Now, we can use these values and the given formula to calculate the WACC of Tech in the trucking industry:
WACC = (E / V * Re) + (D / V * Rd * (1 - Tc))
= (0.6 * 7.8%) + (0.4 * 4.3% * (1 - 25%))
= 4.68%
To learn more on tax rate:
https://brainly.com/question/29029776
#SPJ11
In the Social Change Model, there are 7 C's that are divided
into three categories: Individual, Group, and Societal/Community.
Is it helpful that the 7 C's are divided into these categories?
How, if a
Yes, it is helpful that the 7 C's in the Social Change Model are divided into the categories of Individual, Group, and Societal/Community. This division allows for a comprehensive understanding of the different levels at which social change can occur and the specific roles and responsibilities of individuals, groups, and communities in driving that change.
By categorizing the 7 C's into these three categories, it helps to highlight the interconnectedness and interdependence between individuals, groups, and the larger societal/community context. It recognizes that social change is not solely dependent on individual actions but also requires collective efforts and systemic change.
The division into categories also provides a framework for addressing social issues and promoting social change effectively. It allows individuals and groups to identify their areas of influence and impact, and understand how they can contribute to creating positive change at different levels. It helps in recognizing that individual actions and personal growth are important but need to be complemented by collaborative efforts and engagement with the larger community and societal structures.
Overall, the division of the 7 C's into the categories of Individual, Group, and Societal/Community helps in organizing and understanding the different dimensions and levels of social change, enabling individuals and groups to work together more effectively and create meaningful and sustainable impact.
Learn more about societal structures here:
https://brainly.com/question/20608210
#SPJ11
1. What is the typical content of attorney letters?
2. What are the types of auditors' report opinions and the conclusion of each type of opinion?
Attorney letters commonly contain legal advice, demand letters, settlement offers, correspondence, and contract-related content. Auditors' report opinions include unqualified, qualified, adverse, and disclaimer conclusions based on financial statement evaluation and compliance with accounting standards.
1. Attorney letters, also known as lawyer letters or legal letters, can encompass a wide range of content depending on the specific context and purpose. Here are some typical contents found in attorney letters:
a) Legal advice or opinion: Attorney letters often contain legal analysis and recommendations provided by an attorney to their client.
This may involve clarifying legal rights, explaining potential liabilities, or advising on legal strategies.
b) Demand letters: These letters are sent by attorneys on behalf of their clients to demand specific actions or remedies from another party. They often outline the legal basis for the demand and set a deadline for compliance.
c) Settlement offers: Attorneys may draft letters proposing settlement terms in civil disputes. These letters outline the proposed terms and conditions for resolving the dispute, including any monetary amounts, obligations, or concessions.
d) Correspondence with opposing parties or their attorneys: Attorney letters often serve as a means of communication between legal representatives.
They may discuss case updates, negotiate settlements, exchange evidence, or address legal arguments.
e) Contract drafting and review: Attorneys may draft or review legal agreements, contracts, or other legal documents on behalf of their clients.
Attorney letters can be used to transmit these drafts, highlight key provisions, or negotiate changes.
2. Auditors' reports provide an independent opinion on the financial statements of an organization.
There are several types of auditors' report opinions, each reflecting the auditor's evaluation of the financial statements and the organization's compliance with accounting standards.
The conclusion of each type of opinion is as follows:
a) Unqualified Opinion: This is the most favorable opinion an auditor can issue.
It indicates that the financial statements present a true and fair view of the organization's financial position, results of operations, and cash flows in accordance with the applicable accounting framework.
b) Qualified Opinion: A qualified opinion is issued when the auditor concludes that the financial statements are fairly presented, except for specific matters that are disclosed in the report.
These matters are typically significant but not pervasive enough to warrant a disclaimer or adverse opinion.
c) Adverse Opinion: An adverse opinion is given when the financial statements do not present a true and fair view and are materially misstated.
It indicates that the deviations from accounting standards are significant and pervasive, affecting the overall reliability of the financial statements.
d) Disclaimer of Opinion: In certain circumstances, auditors may be unable to express an opinion on the financial statements.
This occurs when the auditor is unable to obtain sufficient and appropriate evidence or when there is a limitation on the scope of the audit.
A disclaimer of opinion highlights the lack of assurance regarding the financial statements.
The conclusion of each type of opinion is a reflection of the auditor's evaluation and assessment of the organization's financial statements and their compliance with the applicable accounting standards.
To know more about Attorney letters refer here:
https://brainly.com/question/14100591#
#SPJ11
Why are they important for policymakers and investors, also in what situations and why do they use them?
Gross Domestic Product (GDP):
Balance of Payments (BoP):
Inflation:
Real return & Nominal Return:
GDP, BoP, inflation, real return, and nominal return are vital for policymakers and investors.
These indicators help policymakers in making informed decisions regarding fiscal and monetary policies. GDP, for instance, measures the total value of goods and services produced within a country's borders, providing a snapshot of its economic output. Policymakers use GDP to assess the growth rate, productivity, and overall economic performance of a nation. It helps them formulate policies to stimulate economic growth, reduce unemployment, and manage inflation.
Balance of Payments (BoP) is a record of all economic transactions between a country and the rest of the world. It includes imports, exports, foreign investment, and international loans. Policymakers analyze the BoP to understand a country's financial position, its ability to pay for imports, and its attractiveness as an investment destination. By monitoring the BoP, policymakers can identify trade imbalances, foreign exchange pressures, and potential risks to the economy.
Inflation is the sustained increase in the general price level of goods and services over time. Policymakers closely monitor inflation as it affects purchasing power, consumer behavior, and the overall stability of the economy. By controlling inflation, policymakers aim to maintain price stability, promote economic growth, and ensure a favorable investment climate. Investors also track inflation to assess the real value of their investments and adjust their strategies accordingly.
Real return and nominal return are important for investors to evaluate the profitability of their investments. Nominal return represents the actual percentage increase or decrease in the value of an investment, whereas real return adjusts for inflation to provide a more accurate measure of purchasing power. Investors use these metrics to compare investment options, assess risk, and make informed decisions about allocating their capital.
Learn more about investors
brainly.com/question/32687298
#SPJ11
The difference between original institutional and new institutional
a. Original institutional is an American school of economic thought because it was introduced by American economists, while new institutional is a school of economic thought that is not native America because it was introduced by British economists.
b. Original institutional focus on how economic agents behave that is not in accordance with neo-classical assumptions while new institutional focus on behavior of economic agents that is in accordance with neo-classical assumptions.
c. Original institutional produces radical economists while new institutional produces neoclassical economists.
The original institutional uses the theory of everything as long as it criticizes neoclassical thinkings, while the new institutional uses the basic transaction cost theory to explain the importance of institutions in the decision-making process.
The statement (c) "Original institutional produces radical economists while new institutional produces neoclassical economists" is incorrect. The other statements (a), (b), and (d) correctly highlight some differences between original institutional and new institutional economics.
Original institutional economics and new institutional economics are both schools of economic thought that focus on the role of institutions in economic systems. However, they differ in their approach and perspectives. Statement (a) is incorrect. Both original institutional economics and new institutional economics have contributions from economists around the world, not limited to a specific country or region. They have been developed and influenced by economists from various countries, including the United States and Britain.
Statement (b) is partially correct. Original institutional economics often challenges or deviates from neoclassical assumptions and focuses on understanding economic behavior that is not fully in line with neoclassical theories. On the other hand, new institutional economics incorporates neoclassical assumptions and aims to analyze how institutions shape and influence economic behavior within those assumptions. Statement (c) is incorrect. Both original institutional economics and new institutional economics have contributed to the development of economic thought and have produced economists with various perspectives and ideologies. It would be inaccurate to categorize the economists produced by these schools of thought as exclusively radical or neoclassical.
Statement (d) provides a correct distinction between the two schools. Original institutional economics often draws on various theoretical perspectives and critiques neoclassical thinking, while new institutional economics emphasizes the importance of institutions and transaction costs in the decision-making process. In summary, while statement (c) is incorrect, the other statements highlight some valid differences between original institutional and new institutional economics.
Learn more about decision-making from here:
https://brainly.com/question/28900762
#SPJ11
Roger, an individual, owns a proprietorship called Green Thing. In the current year, Roger has the following items:
Business income $200,000
Business expense $150,000
Loss on a completely destroyed business machine. The machine had an adjusted basis of $25,000 and a fair market value of $20,000 before destroyed. The machine was not insured.
Loss on a business truck. The truck had an adjusted basis of $8,000. The repairs to fix the truck cost $10,000. He did not claim the loss from insurance company.
Determine Roger's net business income.
∙
A. $47,000
B. $30,000
C. $22,000
D. $17,000
E. $15,000
To determine Roger's net business income, we need to calculate the total income and deduct the business expenses and losses.
Total Income:
Business income: $200,000
Total Expenses:
Business expense: $150,000
Loss on the completely destroyed business machine: $25,000 - $20,000 = $5,000 (since the fair market value is lower than the adjusted basis)
Loss on the business truck repairs: $10,000 (since it is not claimed from insurance)
Net Business Income:
Total Income - Total Expenses
= $200,000 - ($150,000 + $5,000 + $10,000)
= $200,000 - $165,000
= $35,000
Therefore, Roger's net business income is $35,000. None of the options provided match this amount.
To learn more about total expenses, visit here
https://brainly.com/question/33127444
#SPJ11
Question 2 (20 marks) Develop a simple emergency response plan (ERP) for accidental release of toxic chemical at petrochemical plant in Pauh City. There are 175 people working in this plant. Include only the following elements in your simple ERP : - Emergency Organization and Teams - Emergency Response Procedures
The following are the emergency response plan and emergency response procedures.
Simple Emergency Response Plan (ERP) for Accidental Release of Toxic Chemical at Petrochemical Plant in Pauh City
Emergency Organization and Teams:
Emergency Response Team: A dedicated team consisting of trained personnel responsible for coordinating and executing emergency response actions. This team should include members from different departments, such as operations, safety, maintenance, and management.
Incident Commander: Designate a qualified individual as the Incident Commander who will oversee the entire emergency response operation, make critical decisions, and coordinate communication with external agencies if necessary.
Communication Team: A group responsible for maintaining communication during the emergency. This team should establish communication protocols, ensure proper dissemination of information within the plant, and liaise with external emergency response agencies.
Emergency Response Procedures:
Alarm and Evacuation: Establish a clear alarm system to alert all personnel in the event of an accidental release of toxic chemicals. Designate assembly points for employees to gather for headcount and further instructions. Conduct regular drills to ensure everyone is familiar with evacuation procedures.
Emergency Shutdown: Establish procedures for shutting down the plant's operations in a safe and efficient manner. Define responsibilities and actions for each department involved in the shutdown process.
Isolation and Containment: Identify the affected area and establish procedures for isolating and containing the release to prevent further spread of the toxic chemical. This may include closing valves, activating safety systems, or deploying containment measures.
Personnel Safety: Ensure that all employees are aware of the designated safe zones and evacuation routes. Provide training on the proper use of personal protective equipment (PPE) and establish protocols for donning and doffing PPE.
Emergency Equipment: Maintain and regularly inspect emergency equipment, such as fire extinguishers, gas masks, emergency showers, and eye wash stations. Train employees on the use of this equipment and establish procedures for their prompt access during emergencies.
Communication and Reporting: Establish a clear communication protocol for reporting incidents, providing updates, and requesting assistance from external agencies. Ensure that all employees are aware of the communication channels and emergency contact numbers.
Medical Assistance: Coordinate with local medical facilities to ensure timely medical assistance in case of injuries or exposures. Establish procedures for notifying medical personnel about the nature of the incident to enable them to provide appropriate treatment.
Post-Incident Evaluation: Conduct a post-incident evaluation to identify lessons learned, evaluate the effectiveness of the emergency response procedures, and implement necessary improvements for future incidents.
Note: This is a simplified outline of an emergency response plan. Depending on the specific characteristics of the petrochemical plant in Pauh City, additional elements may be necessary. It is crucial to comply with local regulations and seek guidance from relevant authorities and experts in developing a comprehensive ERP.
More on emergency response: https://brainly.com/question/10063889
#SPJ11
Suppose commercial banks are facing a reduced demand perspective, these transactions are open-market, A. sell, sales, higher OB. purchase; sales, lower OC. purchase, purchases, lower D. purchase, purchases, higher i OE. sell, sales, lower for loans. In this situation, the banks will typically. and lead to a level of money supply government bonds. From the central bank
In this situation, the banks will typically purchase government bonds from the central bank.
When commercial banks are facing reduced demand for loans, they have excess funds that they need to invest. One way for banks to utilize these funds is by purchasing government bonds in open-market transactions from the central bank. By purchasing government bonds, banks are essentially lending money to the government.
The purchase of government bonds by banks leads to an increase in the money supply. When banks buy government bonds, they pay for them by creating new money in the form of bank reserves. These bank reserves then become part of the money supply in the economy.
By purchasing government bonds, banks increase the liquidity in the market and provide support to the government's financing needs. It allows banks to earn interest on their investments and helps to maintain a stable level of money supply in the economy.
It's important to note that this response assumes a conventional monetary policy framework and may not capture the full complexity of real-world scenarios. The actions of banks and central banks can vary depending on specific circumstances and the prevailing economic conditions.
Learn more about purchase here
https://brainly.com/question/27975123
#SPJ11
Total Liabilities + Share holder equity =
Select one:
1. total assets
2. total debt
3. market value
4. market value
Option 1 is the correct answer: Total assets for the given equity.
The total of liabilities and shareholder equity is equivalent to the total assets of a company.What is the balance sheet?The balance sheet is a financial report that summarizes a company's assets, liabilities, and shareholder equity. It can be utilized to evaluate the worth of a company by determining its net worth.
Shareholder equity, often referred to as shareholders' equity or stockholders' equity, is the remaining ownership stake in a company's assets after its liabilities have been paid off. It is an indicator of the company's shareholder-attributable net worth. The entire liabilities are subtracted from the total assets on the balance sheet of the company to determine shareholder equity. It displays the share of a company's assets owned by shareholders and denotes their position in the company. Shareholder equity is a crucial indicator for evaluating a company's financial health and value since it gives information about the net value of the business and the assets that shareholders would have access to in the event of a liquidation.
The following equation can be used to calculate the total assets of a company:Total Assets = Total Liabilities + Shareholder Equity
Therefore, option 1 is the correct answer: Total assets.
Learn more about equity here:
https://brainly.com/question/28532814
#SPJ11
please explain & show work
thank you
10-46 If a company is able to sell preferred stock at \( 15 \% \) and raise common equity at \( 16.5 \% \), after tax cost of debt is \( 7.8 \% \). What is the WACC when its target capital structure i
Substituting the given values, the formula becomes: \[WACC = W_p \times 0.15 + W_e \times 0.165 + W_d \times 0.078\] To determine the specific WACC value, we need the weights of each component, as they are not provided in the question. Once the weights are known, we can plug them into the formula to calculate the WACC.
To calculate the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC), we need to consider the weights of each component of the capital structure (preferred stock, common equity, and debt) and their respective costs. Given that the company can sell preferred stock at 15%, raise common equity at 16.5%, and the after-tax cost of debt is 7.8%, we can determine the WACC using these inputs.
The WACC is calculated by multiplying the weight of each component by its respective cost and summing them up. Let's assume the target capital structure of the company consists of preferred stock, common equity, and debt in proportions represented by weights \(W_p\), \(W_e\), and \(W_d\) respectively.
The formula for calculating WACC is:
\[WACC = W_p \times R_p + W_e \times R_e + W_d \times R_d\]
Given that the cost of preferred stock is 15%, the cost of common equity is 16.5%, and the after-tax cost of debt is 7.8%, we can substitute these values into the formula.
The weights of each component need to add up to 1, representing the total capital structure. Let's assume the weights for preferred stock, common equity, and debt are \(W_p\), \(W_e\), and \(W_d\) respectively.
Substituting the given values, the formula becomes:
\[WACC = W_p \times 0.15 + W_e \times 0.165 + W_d \times 0.078\]
To determine the specific WACC value, we need the weights of each component, as they are not provided in the question. Once the weights are known, we can plug them into the formula to calculate the WACC.
Learn more about debt here: brainly.com/question/32103869
#SPJ11
REVIEW QUESTIONS
1. What did Carmichael mean by black power?
2. Why did Carmichael reject the principle of racial integration?
3. What did he mean when he said that blacks should create a society that was not capitalist?
1. Stokely Carmichael (1941-1998) introduced the idea of black power, a term he used to describe the liberation and empowerment of African Americans. Carmichael's advocacy of black power grew out of his dissatisfaction with the slow pace of social change in the United States.
2. Carmichael believed that racial integration was a flawed strategy for social change because it placed too much emphasis on changing individual attitudes and not enough on changing the economic and political systems that oppressed African Americans.
Carmichael saw the civil rights movement's emphasis on integration as a form of "tokenism" that only allowed a few "token" blacks to gain entry into the dominant white culture. He believed that a more effective approach would be for African Americans to focus on building their own political and economic power.
3. Carmichael believed that capitalism was inherently exploitative and that African Americans would never achieve true freedom until they created a society that was not based on capitalist principles. He believed that a truly free society would be one in which the basic needs of all people were met, and in which wealth and resources were distributed more equitably.
To achieve this, Carmichael advocated for greater government intervention in the economy, including the redistribution of wealth through taxation and the establishment of a national minimum wage. He also believed in the importance of creating worker-owned cooperatives and other forms of collective ownership.
To know more about black power refer here:
https://brainly.com/question/1680050#
#SPJ11
Providing information and risk-sharing services
a. Decentralized market-based financial systems improve the allocation of saving by:
b. insuring capital gains exceed dividend payments.
c. eliminating the need for commercial banks or other financial intermediaries.
d. matching net capital inflows to net capital outflows.
a. Decentralized market-based financial systems improve the allocation of saving by:
Decentralized market-based financial systems improve the allocation of saving by facilitating efficient capital allocation through mechanisms such as stock markets, bond markets, and other financial markets
systems enable individuals and institutions to invest their savings in a wide range of investment opportunities, allowing capital to flow to projects with the highest return potential.
b. Insuring capital gains exceed dividend payments.
This statement is not accurate in the context of providing information and risk-sharing services. Insuring capital gains exceeding dividend payments is more related to investment strategies or specific financial instruments rather than the function of providing information and risk-sharing services.
c. Eliminating the need for commercial banks or other financial intermediaries.
Decentralized market-based financial systems do not eliminate the need for commercial banks or other financial intermediaries. While these systems provide direct access to financial markets, financial intermediaries still play a crucial role in facilitating transactions, providing liquidity, managing risks, and offering various financial services such as loans, deposits, and payment services.
d. Matching net capital inflows to net capital outflows.
Matching net capital inflows to net capital outflows is not a direct function of providing information and risk-sharing services. It pertains to the balance of payments in an economy , where capital inflows and outflows are accounted for in order to assess the overall external position of a country. While financial markets and institutions can play a role in facilitating capital flows, their primary function is not specifically focused on matching net capital inflows to net capital outflows.
Learn more about economy here:
https://brainly.com/question/30131108
#SPJ11
Joywalk Shoes manufactures casual shoes for adults and children. Because its product lines are similar, Joywalk can produce most styles in any of its four factories with minimal setup time. In one of its factories, it has incurred indirect labor cost of $125,000, depreciation of $40,000 for corporate computers, and factory rent and utilities of $143,000. Joywalk uses GAAP-based costing. Based on the amounts above, how much should Joywalk allocate to product cost for men’s shoes? Assume that men’s shoes account for 55% of production.
To determine how much Joywalk should allocate to product cost for men's shoes, we need to calculate the total indirect costs and then allocate them based on the proportion of production accounted for by men's shoes.
Total indirect costs = Indirect labor cost + Depreciation + Rent and utilities
Total indirect costs = $125,000 + $40,000 + $143,000
Total indirect costs = $308,000
Since men's shoes account for 55% of production, we can allocate 55% of the total indirect costs to men's shoes.
Allocation to men's shoes = Total indirect costs × Proportion of production accounted for by men's shoes
Allocation to men's shoes = $308,000 × 0.55
Allocation to men's shoes = $169,400
Therefore, Joywalk should allocate $169,400 to product cost for men's shoes based on the given information and the proportion of production accounted for by men's shoes.
Learn more about production here:
https://brainly.com/question/30262092
#SPJ11
Please answer a,b,c. It is ONE question with multiple parts, it's Chegg approved. PLEASE READ CAREFULLY AND DO EVERYTHING THE QUESTION ASKS TO THE BEST OF YOUR ABILITY. Thank you so much! 1. Cost figures for a hypothetical firm are given in the fol- lowing table. Use them to answer questions a through d. The firm is selling in a perfectly competitive market.
Output Fixed Cost AFC Variable AVC Total ATC MC
Cost Cost Cost
1 $50 $ 30 2 $50 $ 50 3 $50 $ 80 4 $50 $120 5 $50 $ 170 a. Fill in the blank columns.
b. What is the minimum price needed by the firm to break even?
c. What is the shutdown price?
d. At a price of $40, what output level would
The minimum price needed to break even is $43.33.
a. filling in the blank columns:
output fixed cost afc variable cost avc total cost atc marginal cost mc
1 $50 $50 $30 $80 $80 $50
2 $50 $25 $50 $100 $50 $50
3 $50 $16.67 $80 $130 $43.33 $50
4 $50 $12.5 $120 $170 $42.5 $50
5 $50 $10 $170 $220 $44 $50
b. the minimum price needed by the firm to break even is equal to the average total cost (atc) at the output level where total cost (tc) is equal to total revenue (tr). from the table, at output level 3, atc is $43.33. c. the shutdown price is the minimum price at which the firm should shut down production in the short run, as it is unable to cover its variable costs. from the table, the variable cost (vc) at output level 1 is $30.
Learn more about revenue here:
https://brainly.com/question/14952769
#SPJ11
Please use the following information for the next two questions. Wang Inc. has perpetual preferred stock outstanding with a par value of $50. The stock pays a quarterly dividend of $2,8 per quarter, and it sells for $75 per share. What is the nominal annual rate of return? 14.93% O 13.24% O 11.20% 22.40% 14.93% 13.24% O 11.20% 22.40% 16.67% What is its effective annual rate of return? 17.74% 13.91% O 11.68% 15.79% 17.74% 13.91% 11.68% 15.79% 24.35%
The annual dividend of perpetual preferred stock can be calculated as follows: Annual dividend = Quarterly dividend × Number of quarters per year Annual dividend = $2.8 × 4Annual dividend = $11.
2Nominal annual rate of returnNominal annual rate of return is calculated as follows:Nominal annual rate of return = Annual dividend / Market value of the preferred stockNominal annual rate of return = $11.2 / $75Nominal annual rate of return = 0.149333 or 14.93%Effective annual rate of return Effective annual rate of return is calculated as follows:
Effective annual rate of return = (1 + (Nominal annual rate of return / Number of compounding periods))Number of compounding periods = 1 (because the dividend is paid annually)
Effective annual rate of return = (1 + (0.149333 / 1))^1Effective annual rate of return = (1 + 0.149333)^1Effective annual rate of return = 1.1774 or 17.74%Therefore, the nominal annual rate of return is 14.93% and the effective annual rate of return is 17.74%.
To know more about calculated visit:
https://brainly.com/question/30781060
#SPJ11
A credit default swap is a credit derivative providing participants in the credit derivatives market with a mechanism to effectively insure against credit risk. The Protection Buyer within a credit derivative transaction pays a premium in exchange for protection from a credit event. Under the terms and conditions of a Credit Default Swap, credit events that are explicitly afforded protection by the transaction are:
A. The mark to market loss on a credit security resulting from an increase in its credit spread as the result of a deterioration in its credit quality.
B. Bankruptcy or insolvency of the organisation issuing the debt security or the failure of the reference entity to make due payments under the terms and conditions of the security
C. Restructuring of the debt securities where creditors are placed in a significantly worse off position
D. B and C
E. A, B and C
Under the terms and conditions of a Credit Default Swap (CDS).
the credit events that are explicitly afforded protection by the transaction are bankruptcy or insolvency of the organization issuing the debt security or the failure of the reference entity to make due payments under the terms and conditions of the security, as well as restructuring of the debt securities where creditors are placed in a significantly worse off position. Therefore, the correct answer is option D: B and C. Option A, which refers to the mark-to-market loss on credit security resulting from an increase in its credit spread due to a deterioration in credit quality, is not explicitly included as a credit event that is afforded protection by a CDS. Therefore, the events explicitly afforded protection by a CDS are bankruptcy or insolvency of the organization and failure to make due payments (Option B), as well as restructuring of the debt securities that worsens creditors' position (Option C).
Learn more about Credit Default Swaps (CDS) here:
https://brainly.com/question/22312750
#SPJ11
An Accounting firm performs audits which involve four steps.
Planning: gathering documents and establishing a timeline.
Fieldwork: Conducting the investigation; the core phase.
Reporting: Draft the financial statements and disclosures.
Execute: Discuss results with the audited firm; present to the firm's Board.
There is of course an audit team that is involved, but for purposes of this question let's assume that the roles are assigned to individual resource groups within the team. In other words there are "Planners" and "Fieldworkers" and "Reporters" and "Executers" with per-person capacities given below. By how much does the system capacity increase if another "Fieldworker" is hired?
2 Planners (capacity of 12/yr); 3 Fieldworkers (capacity of 6/yr); 2 Reporters (capacity of 11/yr); and 3 Executers (capacity of 8/yr).
Group of answer choices
12.8%
25%
22.2%
33.3%
Flag question: Question 14
Question 141 pts
What is the relationship between utilization and process time at some given resource?
Group of answer choices
If process time goes up, utilization goes up.
There is no relationship.
If process time goes down, utilization goes up.
If process time goes up, utilization goes down.
Flag question: Question 15
Question 151 pts
Which of the following will NOT increase the system capacity?
Group of answer choices
Cannot tell without knowing more.
At the bottleneck, increase the number of processors by 50%.
At a non-bottleneck, double the number of processors.
At the bottleneck, cut the process time by half.
Question 14: If another "Fieldworker" is hired, the system capacity will increase by the capacity of that additional resource. Given that the capacity of a "Fieldworker" is 6 audits per year, hiring another "Fieldworker" would increase the system capacity by 6 audits per year.
The system currently has 3 "Fieldworkers" with a capacity of 6 audits per year each, resulting in a total capacity of 3 * 6 = 18 audits per year.
By hiring another "Fieldworker," the total capacity will increase to 18 + 6 = 24 audits per year.
Therefore, the system capacity increases by 33.3% if another "Fieldworker" is hired.
Answer: 33.3%
Question 15:
To increase the system capacity, the bottleneck needs to be addressed. The bottleneck is the resource or process with the lowest capacity that limits the overall system capacity. Increasing the capacity at the bottleneck will increase the system capacity.
Options that increase the system capacity include:
At the bottleneck, increase the number of processors by 50%.
At a non-bottleneck, double the number of processors.
However, cutting the process time by half at the bottleneck will not increase the system capacity. The bottleneck's capacity is determined by the slowest step in the process, and reducing its process time will not change its capacity.
Therefore, cutting the process time by half at the bottleneck will NOT increase the system capacity.
Answer: At the bottleneck, cut the process time by half.
learn more about Fieldworker here
https://brainly.com/question/30555593
#SPJ11
The system capacity increases by 33.3% if another "Fieldworker" is hired.
Cutting the process time by half at the bottleneck will NOT increase the system capacity.
If another "Fieldworker" is hired, the system capacity will increase by the capacity of that additional resource. Given that the capacity of a "Fieldworker" is 6 audits per year, hiring another "Fieldworker" would increase the system capacity by 6 audits per year.
The system currently has 3 "Fieldworkers" with a capacity of 6 audits per year each, resulting in a total capacity of 3 * 6 = 18 audits per year.
By hiring another "Fieldworker," the total capacity will increase to 18 + 6 = 24 audits per year.
Therefore, the system capacity increases by 33.3% if another "Fieldworker" is hired.
To increase the system capacity, the bottleneck needs to be addressed. The bottleneck is the resource or process with the lowest capacity that limits the overall system capacity. Increasing the capacity at the bottleneck will increase the system capacity.
Options that increase the system capacity include:
At the bottleneck, increase the number of processors by 50%.
At a non-bottleneck, double the number of processors.
However, cutting the process time by half at the bottleneck will not increase the system capacity. The bottleneck's capacity is determined by the slowest step in the process, and reducing its process time will not change its capacity.
Therefore, cutting the process time by half at the bottleneck will NOT increase the system capacity.
At the bottleneck, cut the process time by half.
learn more about Fieldworker here
brainly.com/question/30555593
#SPJ11
Parent Company owns 100% of ABC Company's 100,000 shares. ABC issues 25,000 new shares to the public for $2 cash per share and Parent Co. acquires none of the shares. The book value of ABC's net assets before the stock issuance was 412,341. AAP associated with the acquisition of ABC's net assets, updated for AAP amortization to the date of the stock issuance, was 278,853 prior to the stock issuance.
What is the amount of Noncontrolling Interest that must be recorded on Parent's consolidated financial statements as of the date of the stock issuance?
No Noncontrolling Interest needs to be recorded on Parent's consolidated financial statements as of the date of the stock issuance.
To calculate the Noncontrolling Interest (NCI), we first need to determine the total fair value of ABC Company after the stock issuance:
25,000 new shares were issued to the public for $2 per share, so the total proceeds from the issuance are:
25,000 x $2 = $50,000
The book value of ABC's net assets before the stock issuance was $412,341, and AAP associated with the acquisition of ABC's net assets, updated for AAP amortization to the date of the stock issuance, was $278,853. Therefore, the total fair value of ABC's net assets after the stock issuance is:
$412,341 + ($50,000 - $278,853) = $183,488
Since Parent Company owns 100% of ABC Company's 100,000 shares, the portion of the net assets attributable to the noncontrolling interest is:
$183,488 x (0/100) = $0
Therefore, no Noncontrolling Interest needs to be recorded on Parent's consolidated financial statements as of the date of the stock issuance.
Learn more about Interest here:
https://brainly.com/question/32190011
#SPJ11
If the government buys back bonds from the Federal Reserve while making no changes to the number of bonds held by the public and makes no asset sales, this means that the
a) money supply has increased.
b) government's budget deficit (G – T) has increased.
c) government is monetizing its rising debt.
d) government's budget deficit (G – T) has decreased.
If the government buys back bonds from the Federal Reserve without changing the number of bonds held by the public or making asset sales, it implies that the money supply has increased.
When the government buys back bonds from the Federal Reserve, it essentially injects money into the economy. The Federal Reserve holds these bonds as assets, and when the government repurchases them, it pays for them with money it creates out of thin air. This process is known as open market operations.
Since the government is not making any changes to the number of bonds held by the public or engaging in asset sales, the money used to buy back the bonds effectively enters circulation, increasing the money supply. This increase in the money supply can have various implications for the economy, such as stimulating economic activity or potentially leading to inflation if not properly managed.
It's important to note that while this action increases the money supply, it does not directly impact the government's budget deficit (G – T). The budget deficit is determined by the difference between government spending (G) and tax revenue (T). In this scenario, as there are no changes in government spending or tax revenue, the deficit remains unaffected. Therefore, the correct answer is (a) money supply has increased.
Learn more about sales here:
https://brainly.com/question/30327983
#SPJ11
A group of farmers in Inverness is considering building an irrigation system from a water supply in some nearby mountains. They want to build a concrete reservoir with a steel pipe system. The first cost would be $240,000 with (current) annual maintenance costs of $2300.
They expect the irrigation system will bring them $26,300 per year in additional (current) revenues due to better crop production. Their real dollar MARR is 4 percent, and they anticipate Inflation to be 2 percent per year. Assume the reservoir will have a 20-year life.
a. Using the current cash flows, find the current IRR on this project. Use linear interpolation with x1=7% and x2=8% to find your answer.
A group of farmers in Inverness is considering building an irrigation system from a water supply in some nearby mountains. They want to build a concrete reservoir with a steel pipe system. The first cost would be $240,000 with (current) annual maintenance costs of $2300.
They expect the irrigation system will bring them $26,300 per year in additional (current) revenues due to better crop production. Their real dollar MARR is 4 percent, and they anticipate Inflation to be 2 percent per year. Assume the reservoir will have a 20-year life.
a. Using the current cash flows, find the current IRR on this project. Use linear interpolation with x1=7% and x2=8% to find your answer.
A group of farmers in Inverness is considering building an irrigation system from a water supply in some nearby mountains. They want to build a concrete reservoir with a steel pipe system. The first cost would be $240,000 with (current) annual maintenance costs of $2300.
They expect the irrigation system will bring them $26,300 per year in additional (current) revenues due to better crop production. Their real dollar MARR is 4 percent, and they anticipate Inflation to be 2 percent per year. Assume the reservoir will have a 20-year life.
a. Using the current cash flows, find the current IRR on this project. Use linear interpolation with x1=7% and x2=8% to find your answer.
A group of farmers in Inverness is considering building an irrigation system from a water supply in some nearby mountains. They want to build a concrete reservoir with a steel pipe system. The first cost would be $240,000 with (current) annual maintenance costs of $2300.
They expect the irrigation system will bring them $26,300 per year in additional (current) revenues due to better crop production. Their real dollar MARR is 4 percent, and they anticipate Inflation to be 2 percent per year. Assume the reservoir will have a 20-year life.
a. Using the current cash flows, find the current IRR on this project. Use linear interpolation with x1=7% and x2=8% to find your answer.
A group of farmers in Inverness is considering building an irrigation system from a water supply in some nearby mountains. They want to build a concrete reservoir with a steel pipe system. The first cost would be $240,000 with (current) annual maintenance costs of $2300.
They expect the irrigation system will bring them $26,300 per year in additional (current) revenues due to better crop production. Their real dollar MARR is 4 percent, and they anticipate Inflation to be 2 percent per year. Assume the reservoir will have a 20-year life.
a. Using the current cash flows, find the current IRR on this project. Use linear interpolation with x1=7% and x2=8% to find your answer.
To calculate the current internal rate of return (IRR) on this project, we need to consider the cash inflows and outflows over the project's life.
Given data:
Initial cost (cash outflow): -$240,000
Annual maintenance costs (cash outflow): -$2,300
Additional annual revenues (cash inflow): $26,300
Real dollar MARR: 4%
Inflation rate: 2%
Project life: 20 years
We can calculate the net cash flows for each year by subtracting the maintenance costs from the additional revenues and adjust for inflation. The net cash flow in each year is calculated as:
Net Cash Flow = (Additional Revenues - Maintenance Costs) * (1 + Inflation Rate)^n
where n is the year number.
Let's calculate the net cash flows for each year:
Year 1:
Net Cash Flow = ($26,300 - $2,300) * (1 + 0.02)^1 ≈ $24,994.00
Year 2:
Net Cash Flow = ($26,300 - $2,300) * (1 + 0.02)^2 ≈ $24,494.12
Similarly, we calculate the net cash flows for the remaining years.
Using these net cash flows, we can calculate the current IRR by interpolating between the two interest rates (x1=7% and x2=8%) provided. We need to find the rate at which the net present value (NPV) is closest to zero.
Using a financial calculator or software, we can find that the NPV at 7% is approximately -$9,798.10, and at 8% it is approximately $16,241.94.
Using linear interpolation, we can estimate the IRR as:
IRR ≈ x1 + [(NPV at x1) / ((NPV at x1) - (NPV at x2))] * (x2 - x1)
IRR ≈ 7% + [(-$9,798.10) / ((-$9,798.10) - $16,241.94)] * (8% - 7%)
IRR ≈ 7% + [(-$9,798.10) / ($26,040.04)] * 1%
IRR ≈ 7% - 0.3757%
IRR ≈ 6.6243%
Therefore, the current internal rate of return (IRR) on this project, using linear interpolation with x1=7% and x2=8%, is approximately 6.6243%.
To know more about internal rate of return click this link -
brainly.com/question/31870995
#SPJ11
What is a pre-packaged bankruptcy? How does it benefit
shareholders?
A pre-packaged bankruptcy, also known as a pre-pack bankruptcy or pre-packaged reorganization, is a process in which a financially distressed company negotiates and prepares a restructuring plan with its creditors before filing for bankruptcy. The plan is agreed upon and approved by the creditors prior to the formal bankruptcy proceedings.
The main goal of a pre-packaged bankruptcy is to expedite the restructuring process and minimize disruption to the company's operations. By reaching an agreement with creditors beforehand, the company can proceed with the restructuring plan more quickly and efficiently, avoiding lengthy court proceedings and potential liquidation.
Shareholders of a company may benefit from a pre-packaged bankruptcy in several ways:
1. Preservation of equity value: By implementing a restructuring plan before bankruptcy, the company has a higher chance of preserving some of its value. This means that shareholders may retain some ownership interest in the reorganized company, allowing them to potentially benefit from its future success.
2. Participation in the recovery: Shareholders may have the opportunity to participate in the recovery of the company. If the restructuring plan is successful and the company's financial performance improves, shareholders can potentially realize gains as the company's value increases.
3. Increased transparency and control: In a pre-packaged bankruptcy, shareholders have the opportunity to be involved in the negotiation and approval of the restructuring plan. This allows them to have a say in the company's future direction and potentially influence the terms of the plan to better align with their interests.
4. Avoidance of total loss: Without a pre-packaged bankruptcy, the company may face a higher risk of liquidation, which could result in a total loss for shareholders. Through the pre-packaged process, there is a chance for the company to restructure its debts, improve its financial health, and provide some recovery for shareholders.
It's important to note that the benefits to shareholders in a pre-packaged bankruptcy can vary depending on the specific circumstances of the company and the terms negotiated with creditors. Shareholders should carefully assess the proposed restructuring plan and consult with legal and financial advisors to understand the potential implications for their investment.
Learn more about bankruptcy here:
https://brainly.com/question/30490747
#SPJ11
A manager receives a forecast for next year. Demand is projected to be 750 units for the first half of the year and 1200 units for the second half. The monthly holding cost is $1 per unit, and it costs an estimated $50 to process an order. (a) Assuming that monthly demand will be level during each of the six-month periods covered by the forecast (e.g., 100 per month for each of the first six months), determine an order size that will minimize the sum of ordering and carrying costs for each of the six-month periods. (1 point) (b) If the vendor is willing to offer a discount of $5 per order for ordering in multiple of 50 units (e.g., 50, 100, 150), would you advise the manager to take advantage of the offer in either period? If so, what order size would you recommend? (4 points)
(a) An order size that will minimize the sum of ordering and carrying costs for each of the six-month periods is size of 347 units. (b) The manager should consider taking advantage of the offer and could order 300 units (6 orders of 50 units each) and benefit from the discount.
The order size that will minimize the sum of ordering and carrying costs for each of the six-month periods, assuming level monthly demand, can be determined using the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) formula. The EOQ formula is given by:
EOQ = √((2DS)/H)
Where:
D = Total demand for the period
S = Ordering cost per order
H = Holding cost per unit per period
For the first six-month period with a demand of 750 units, the EOQ would be calculated as follows:
EOQ = √((2 * 750 * $50) / $1) = √(75,000) ≈ 274.72
Since the order size must be a whole number, the manager would likely round up to an order size of 275 units.
Similarly, for the second six-month period with a demand of 1200 units, the EOQ would be:
EOQ = √((2 * 1200 * $50) / $1) = √(120,000) ≈ 346.41
Again, rounding up to a whole number, the manager would likely choose an order size of 347 units.
(b) If the vendor offers a discount of $5 per order for ordering in multiples of 50 units, the manager should consider taking advantage of the offer. In the first six-month period with a demand of 750 units, the manager could order in multiples of 50 units and reduce costs by receiving the discount. Since the EOQ calculated in part (a) was 275 units, the manager could order 300 units (6 orders of 50 units each) and benefit from the discount.
In the second six-month period with a demand of 1200 units, the EOQ was calculated as 347 units. In this case, the manager could order 350 units (7 orders of 50 units each) and receive the discount.
By ordering in multiples of 50 units, the manager can reduce costs by taking advantage of the vendor's offer, which would result in savings on ordering costs and potentially offset the carrying costs associated with holding extra inventory.
Learn more about Economic Order Quantity here: brainly.com/question/28347878
#SPJ11
