what are the last occupied sublevels in the chemical elements Cl,Am,Lu,Ca,Hg,I,Ti and Mg​

Answer:

159.1 grams

Explanation:

You need the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between copper and copper II oxide:

Cu + CuO → 2 CuO

From the equation, you see that 1 mole of copper reacts with 1 mole of copper II oxide to produce 2 moles of copper II oxide. You can use this information to set up a proportion:

1 mole Cu / 1 mole CuO = 2 moles CuO / x moles CuO

Solving for x, you get:

x = 2 moles CuO

Now you can use the molar mass of copper II oxide to convert moles to grams:

2 moles CuO x 79.55 g/mol = 159.1 g CuO

Therefore, 159.1 grams of copper II oxide will be formed when 125 grams of copper reacts.

Answer: C. A metal higher on the activity series list will replace one that is lower.

Explanation: Metal higher on the activity series list will replace one that is lower in a chemical reaction because it has a higher tendency to lose electrons and undergo oxidation compared to the metal it is replacing. This is because metals higher on the activity series have a stronger reducing agent, which means they can more easily donate electrons to other substances and cause reduction. In contrast, metals lower on the activity series have a weaker reducing agent and a lower tendency to lose electrons, making them less reactive in chemical reactions. Therefore, a metal higher on the activity series can displace or replace a metal lower on the activity series by donating electrons to the lower activity metal and causing it to undergo oxidation.

The C (carboxyl) and N (amino) groups of this amino acid form a peptide link. The three lines surrounding the letter C stand the three additional groups in that the individual amino acid's alpha carbon is joined.

Considered to be the most significant functional group are aldehydes. The formyl or methanol group are common names for them. Alcohols' dehydration gives aldehydes their name. The carbonyl group is joined to at least one hydrogen atom in aldehydes.

Examples of organic carbonyl compounds include carbamates, urea, and derivatives of phosgene, as well as carbonate esters, lactones, thioesters, lactams, isocyanates, and hydroxamates, as well as acyl chlorides and chloroformates.

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A capacity of 12.94 L would be taken up by 25.6 g of carbon dioxide gas at STP.

The Volume of an object or substance measures how much space it occupies. It is an aspect of the matter that is physically quantifiable and is commonly stated in terms of liters (L), milliliters (mL), cubic meters (m³), and cubic centimeters (cm³).

The temperature is 273 K, and the pressure is 1 atm at STP (standard temperature and pressure). The Volume of the gaseous carbon dioxide can be calculated using the ideal gas law:

                                                 PV = nRT

P = pressure

V= Volume

n = several moles

R =gas constant

T= temperature in Kelvin

We must first determine how many moles of carbon dioxide there are:

                                     n = m/M

M = molar mass

m = mass

About 44 g/mol is the molar mass of carbon dioxide:

n = 25.6 g / 44 g/mol

n = 0.5818 mol

After that, we can plug in the required values to find V:

                       V = nRT / P

V = (0.5818 mol)(0.08206 L·atm/mol·K)(273 K) / 1 atm

V = 12.94 L

Therefore, 12.94 L would be the size of 25.6 g of carbon dioxide gas at STP.

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Phosphorus triiodide is a nonpolar molecule.

We have to note that the polarity of a molecule would have a lot to do with the shape of the molecule. In other words, the arrangement of the atoms in the molecules tell us if the molecule would be polar or not.

The three iodine atoms are symmetrically positioned around the center phosphorus atom because the molecule has a trigonal pyramidal structure. As a result, the three P-I bonds' respective dipole moments cancel out and provide a net dipole moment of zero.

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Answer:

The threshold frequency is defined as the minimum frequency of incident radiation below which the photoelectric emission is not possible completely. irrespective of the intensity of incident radiation.

Answer:

salt

Explanation:

the metal cation will form an ionic compound with the conjugate base of the acid to form a salt

0.309 grams of the gas will dissolve in 1.0 L of water at 1.5 atm of pressure and 29.6°C.

The solution to the question would be gotten with the use of Henry's law

solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas above the liquid. This written as :

C1 / P1 = C2 / P2

where C1 and P1 are the initial concentration and pressure, and C2 and P2 are the final concentration and pressure.

Given:

C1 = 0.875 g

P1 = 4.25 atm

P2 = 1.5 atm

We need to find C2, the amount of gas that will dissolve at the new pressure. We can rearrange the formula and solve for C2:

C2 = (C1 * P2) / P1

Now, substitute the given values:

C2 = (0.875 g * 1.5 atm) / 4.25 atm

C2 = 0.309 g

So, approximately 0.309 grams of the gas will dissolve in 1.0 L of water at 1.5 atm of pressure and 29.6°C.

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The net ionic equation for the reaction between silver nitrate and potssium carbonate will be : 2Ag+(aq) + CO3^(2-)(aq) → Ag2CO3(s).

To write the net ionic equation, you will first need to write the complete and balanced  ionic equation:

2Ag⁺(aq) + 2NO₃⁻(aq) + 2K⁺(aq) + CO₃²⁻(aq) → Ag₂CO₃(s) + 2K⁺(aq) + 2NO₃⁻(aq)

In this equation, the potassium ions and nitrate ions are spectator ions, and as you might have learnt, they are present in the same form on both the reactant and product sides of the equation. So, you can safely eliminate them from the equation to write the net ionic equation:

2Ag⁺(aq) + CO₃²⁻(aq) → Ag₂CO₃(s)

The net ionic equation shows you only the species that participate in the reaction and undergo a change, which in this case are the silver ions and the carbonate ion. It does not show you the species that are remaning unchanged ,that is spectator ions.

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A combination of benzene and propene is added to a tiny quantity of a free radical initiator, such as peroxide or an azo molecule, to start the reaction. A benzene radical and a propene radical are produced as a result of this.

An organic substance with the chemical formula (C9H12) is cumene, commonly referred to as isopropylbenzene. A common intermediary in the synthesis of other compounds, it is a white liquid with a pleasant odor. Commercially, cumene is made by catalytically alkylating benzene with propylene.

The steps in the reaction are as follows:

Propagation: The reaction between the benzene radical and propene produces an additional free radical as well as the new molecule isopropylbenzene. A new isopropylbenzene molecule and a new propene radical are created when the freshly produced free radical combines with another propene molecule.

Termination: The fusion of two free radicals to create a stable molecule ends the process. In the cumene process, combining two propene radicals or combining a propene radical with a benzene radical are the two most frequent termination reactions.

The following chemical equation effectively sums up the reaction:

C₆H₆ + C₃H₆ = (C₃H₇) C₆H₅.

Exothermic reactions emit heat as a byproduct. The parameters of the reaction are generally managed to maximize the yield and selectivity of cumene while reducing the production of undesirable byproducts.

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The reactions are 2-methylbut-2ene + Hg(OAc)₂ + H2O → CH₃COOH + HgOAc(CH₃) + CH₃CH(CH₃)CH₂CH₂OH

HgOAc(CH₃) + NaBH₄ → Hg + CH₃COOH + NaOAc

CH₃CH(CH₃)CH₂CH₂OH

In chemistry, a reaction is a process in which one or more chemicals, known as reactants, transform chemically to create one or more new compounds, known as products. The bonds between the atoms in the reactants are broken during a reaction, and new bonds are created to create the products.

In order to create the appropriate alcohol, 2-methyl but-2 ene undergoes an oxymercuration-demercuration reaction. The detailed mechanism is as follows:

Step 1: Oxymercuration

2-Methylbut-2ene reacts with mercuric acetate (Hg(OAc)2), water (H2O), and a catalyst, such as sulfuric acid (H2SO4), in the first step of the reaction. The formation of a mercurinium ion intermediate results from the double bond of 2-methyl but-2ene attacking the Hg(OAc)2.

Step 2: Nucleophilic Attack

A nucleophile, such as water, attacks the mercurinium ion intermediate in the second phase of the process. The Hg-OAc bond is broken when the water molecule interacts with the mercurinium ion's positively charged carbon atom. As a result, a new carbon-oxygen bond is created, and a protonated alcohol intermediate is created.

Step 3: Demercuration

The protonated alcohol intermediate is reduced to an alcohol in the last phase of the reaction by reacting with a reducing agent, such as sodium borohydride  or lithium aluminum hydride, in order to get rid of the mercury atom. The reaction mixture is cleared away once the mercury atom is converted to metallic mercury (Hg). 3-Methyl-2-Butanol is the end result, as illustrated below:

Overall Reaction: 2-methylbut-2 ene + Hg(OAc)₂ + H₂O → CH₃COOH + HgOAc(CH₃) + CH₃CH(CH₃)CH₂CH₂OH

HgOAc(CH₃) + NaBH₄ → Hg + CH₃COOH + NaOAc

CH3CH(CH3)CH2CH2OH

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S° = 0 for perfect Li(s) at 0 K  (option B) best describes the third law of thermodynamics.

The third law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of a perfect crystal at absolute zero is zero. This means that as the temperature of a system approaches absolute zero, the entropy of the system approaches a minimum value.

This law provides a reference point for the determination of absolute entropies of substances at any temperature above absolute zero.

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According to the problem Synthesis of trans-2-pentenal.

Synthesis is an important process in the field of research and writing. It is the process of combining two or more sources of information into a single, coherent and well-thought-out argument. This is done by analyzing the sources, identifying their similarities and differences, and then drawing conclusions based on the analysis. Synthesis is a way to create a new, unique narrative that adds to the existing body of knowledge. It is a form of critical thinking that can help to make sense of large amounts of data and form connections between different pieces of information.

Step 1:  NaOCH3 + 2-methyl-2-butanol

Product: trans-2-pentylmethyl ether, C6H14O

Geometry: Tetrahedral

Stereochemistry: None

Step 2: H2/Pt

Product: trans-2-pentenal, C5H10O

Geometry: Trigonal Planar

Stereochemistry: Enantiotopic

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Answer:

This is a single displacement or single replacement reaction. In this reaction, aluminum (Al) displaces copper (Cu) from its compound copper sulfate (CuSO4) to form aluminum sulfate (Al2(SO4)3) and copper metal (Cu). The general form of a single displacement reaction is:

A + BC → AC + B

where A is a more reactive metal than B, and A displaces B from its compound BC to form AC and B. In this case, aluminum is more reactive than copper and it displaces copper from copper sulfate.

Reclamation is the process of: B. returning land to its original or batter condition after mining.

What is Reclamation?

Reclamation seeks to reduce the negative environmental effects of mining operations and return the land to useful and sustainable usage. This could entail actions like removing pollutants, improving the condition of the soil, and reinstalling local plant and animal species. As a result, choice B is the right response.

Option A refers to the separation of ore minerals from gangue minerals during the mineral processing process. Coal mining is a specific kind of mining operation, and it is mentioned in Option C. Option D has nothing to do with mining or reclamation and instead talks about protecting animals.

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The equilibrium constant of the reaction at the given temperature is obtained as 336.

Synthesis gas, also known as syngas, is a mixture of hydrogen gas (H2) and carbon monoxide gas (CO) that is produced from a variety of feedstocks, including coal, natural gas, biomass, and waste materials.

Gladly what we have here are the concentration of each of the species at the point of equilibrium and so we can plug them in to get the equilibrium constant are required.

The reaction equation is;

CO(g)+2H2(g)⟶CH3OH(l)

Thus;

K = [CH3OH]/[CO] [H2]^2

K = (0.0401 )/(0.02320) (0.07107)^2

K = 336

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The energy in joules of one mole of photons of visible light having a wavelength of 4.11×10^2 nm? can be expressed as 2.9*10^5 J

From the question we were told to find the energy and the parameters that is needed to calculate these are;

c=3*10^8

h= 6.626 * 10^-34 J.s

1 mol photons = 6.023x10^23 photon

λ = 4.11×10^2 nm  = 4.11 × 10-7 meters

The parameters can be input  as Energy of one mole photon (E) = ( 6.023x10^23 * 6.626 * 10^-34 * 3*10^8)/ (4.11 × 10^-7)

=291302

=2.9*10^5 J

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The flood mitigation techniques which the federal government might use for an imminent disaster are:

The federal government may construct flood control dams and levees because these structures can help to hold back floodwaters, reducing the risk of flooding downstream.

Additionally, the government can also undertake floodplain mapping and zoning as its involves identifying areas that are at risk of flooding and restricting development in those areas which can help to prevent people and property from being exposed to flood risks.

The government may also implement natural flood control measures, such as reforestation, to reduce the impact of floods.

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2. The standard temperature is 273 K while standard pressure is 1 atm

3. The number of molecules is 6.022×10²³ molecules

4. The volume of CO₂ is 80.64 L

5. The number of mole of H₂ is 2.87 moles

6. The number of molecules is 1.51×10²⁴ molecules

Standard temperature is defined as 273 K while standard pressure is defined as 1 atm

We know that the number of mole of 22.4 L of CH₄ is 1 mole at STP.

Avogadro's hypothesis, suggests that 1 mole of a substance contains 6.022×10²³ molecules

Thus, we can say that the number of molecules of CH₄ in 22.4 L at STP is 6.022×10²³ molecules

The volume at STP occupied by 3.6 moles of CO₂ can be obtain as follow:

At standard temperature and pressure, STP,

1 mole of CO₂ = 22.4 L

Therefore,

3.6 moles of CO₂ = (3.6 mole × 22.4 L) / 1 mole

3.6 moles of CO₂ = 80.64 L

Thus, the volume of CO₂ is 80.64 L

The mole of H₂ gas can be obtain as follow:

At standard temperature and pressure, STP,

22.4 L = 1 mole of H₂

Therefore,

64.3 L = (64.3 L × 1 mole) / 22.4 L

64.3 L = 2.87 moles of H₂

Thus, the mole of H₂ is 2.87 moles

The number of molecules can be obtain as follow:

From Avogadro's hypothesis,

1 mole of F₂ = 6.022×10²³ molecules

Therefore

2.5 moles of F₂ = 2.5 × 6.022×10²³

2.5 moles of F₂ = 1.51×10²⁴ molecules

Thus, the number of molecules is 1.51×10²⁴ molecules

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The answer to the sixth question is emissions of sulphur oxide. Option b is correct. The answer to the seventh question is biological magnification. Option d is correct.

The premise of the 1990 amendments of the Clean Air Act of 1972 was to address the issue of air pollution and its detrimental effects on our health and our environment. The amendments were passed to establish a comprehensive program to reduce air pollution by setting emission standards for industries, requiring the use of cleaner technologies, and enforcing penalties for violations ofthe same.

Biological magnification, is more commonly taught in our schools as biomagnification, and is the process by which certain substances, such as toxic chemicals, become increasingly concentrated as they move up the food chain. This occurs because organisms at lower levels of the food chain absorb these substances from their environment and these toxic substances are stored in their tissues. When predators prey upon these organisms, they absorb the accumulated substances as well, and the concentration of the substances in their bodies becomes even higher. This process can proceed up the food chain, and in extremely high concentrations of toxic substances of top predators, such as birds of prey and marine mammals.

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The Specific Rate Constant of the reaction  X + 2Y + 3Z → 2L + 4T is 0.25. By using rate law for the above reaction is R = K [Y]² [Z].

The proportionality constant in the equation that defines the link between the rate of a chemical reaction and the concentrations of the reacting chemicals is known as the rate constant, also known as the Specific Rate constant.

From Given Table of Experiments :

Experiment 1

         R = K [Y]² [Z]

1 × 10⁻⁴ = K [0.2]² [0.01]

        K = 1 × 10⁻⁴ / [0.04] [0.01]

        K = 1 ×  10⁻⁴ /  4 × 10⁻⁴

        K = 1 / 4

        K = 0.25

Experiment 2

         R = K [Y]² [Z]

9 × 10⁻⁴ = K [0.6]² [0.01]

        K = 9 × 10⁻⁴ / [0.36] [0.01]

        K = 9 ×  10⁻⁴ / 36 × 10⁻⁴

        K = 9 / 36

        K = 0.25

Experiment 3

         R = K [Y]² [Z]

9 × 10⁻⁴ = K [0.6]² [0.01]

        K = 9 × 10⁻⁴ / [0.36] [0.01]

        K = 9 ×  10⁻⁴ / 36 × 10⁻⁴

        K = 9 / 36

        K = 0.25

Experiment 4

        R = K [Y]² [Z]

36 × 10⁻⁴ = K [0.6]² [0.04]

        K = 36 × 10⁻⁴ / [0.36] [0.04]

        K = 36 ×  10⁻⁴ /  × 10⁻⁴

        K = 36 / 144

        K = 0.25

Therefore, The correct option is (D) 0.25.

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The net ionic equation is a simplified form of the balanced chemical equation, where spectator ions are removed.

An equation is a mathematical statement that expresses the equality or inequality of two expressions. It is composed of two expressions, separated by an equal sign (=). The expressions can be numbers, variables, or a combination of both. Equations are used to describe relationships between different values, such as the slope of a line, the area of a rectangle, or the speed of a car. Equations are also used to solve problems and make predictions.

The potassium and bromide ions remain unchanged on both sides of the equation and hence can be removed. The net ionic equation thus becomes Sn²⁺(aq) + S²⁻(aq) → SnS(s).

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The amount of oxygen in liters that will be used in the reaction is approximately 1.22 liters.

As given in the question the balanced reaction is:

2 Mg(s) + O₂(g) → 2 MgO(s)

which means, 2 moles of magnesium react with 1 mole of oxygen to produce 2 moles of magnesium oxide.

The molar mass of  magnesium=24.31 g/mol

Given the mass of magnesium = 2.18g

The number of moles of magnesium =2.18g/24.31 g/mol =0.0896mol

Therefore, according to the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical equation:

0.0896 mol of magnesium will react with 0.0896/2= 0.0448 mol of oxygen to form Magnesium oxide.

Now, according to the ideal gas law,

For oxygen, PV=nRT

where P= pressure in atm

          V= volume in liters

           n= number of moles

           R= gas constant(0.08206L atm/mol K)

           T= temperature in Kelvin.

Converting the given pressure and temperature units in standard form:

P= 745 mmHg/760 mmHg/atm

 =0.979 atm

T= 25.0° C +273.15= 298.15 K

Now putting the values in the ideal gas law:

PV=nRT

Therefore, V =nRT/P

                     =(0.0448 mol)(0.08206 L atm/mol K)(298.15 K) / (0.979 atm)

                     =1.22 L(approx)

Hence the volume of oxygen is 1.22 L.

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We need to take 0.15L (150 ml) of the 5M potassium bromide solution and dilute it to 1L with 0.85L of solvent (such as water). So the answer is option B. 0.15 ml.

The molar concentration of a chemical entity in a solution, specifically the amount of a solute per unit volume of solution, has been measured to be its molarity.

We can use the dilution formula to find out how much of the 5 M potassium bromide solution is needed to prepare 1 L of 0.75 M solution. The dilution formula is:

M₁V₁ = M₂V₂

Substituting the values provided in the given problem, we get:

(5 M)*V₁= (0.75 M)(1 L)

Solving for V1, we get:

V₁= (0.75 M)(1 L) / (5 M)

V₁ = 0.15 L

Therefore, we need to take 0.15 L of the 5 M KBr solution and dilute it to a total volume of 1 L to prepare a 0.750 M solution.

To prepare the final solution, we need to add enough solvent (for example, water) to bring the total volume to 1 L. The amount of solvent needed is:

volume of solvent = total volume - volume of concentrated solution

volume of solvent = 1 L - 0.15 L = 0.85 L

Therefore, we need to take 0.15 L of the 5 M KBr solution and dilute it to 1 L with 0.85 L of water.

So the answer is (B) 0.15.

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Answer:

37.8 mL

Explanation:

Let x be the amount of the 2.00 M NaF solution needed.

Using the formula for dilution:

M1V1 = M2V2

where

M1 = 2.00 M (concentration of the stock solution)

V1 = x mL (volume of the stock solution added)

M2 = 0.168 M (concentration of the final solution)

V2 = 450 mL (volume of the final solution)

You can solve for x:

2.00 M * x mL = 0.168 M * 450 mL

x = (0.168 M * 450 mL) / 2.00 M

x = 37.8 mL

Therefore, 37.8 mL of the 2.00 M NaF solution are required to make 450 mL of a 0.168 M NaF solution.