We should added 0.1 ml to the buffer solution.
What is buffer solution?A buffer is a solution that is the can resist pH change to the upon the addition of an account of acidic or basic of the components. It is able to the neutralize small amounts of added acid or the base, thus maintaining the pH of the solution of relatively stable. This is the important for processes and/or reactions which is the require specific and stable pH ranges.
Adding as little as 0.1 mL of to the concentrated HCl to a liter of H2O shifts the pH to the from 7.0 to 3.0. Adding the same amount of HCl to of a liter of a solution that 0.1 M in acetic acid and 0.1 M in sodium acetate, of the however, results in to the negligible change in pH solution.
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What is the process by which bacterial cells divide?; What is the name of the process whereby a cell divides and makes two daughter cells that are each an exact copy or clone of the parent cell?; Which describes the process of a bacterial?; What do you call bacteria produce when a cell divides to form two new cells?
The phrase "binary fission" best captures the nature of the process by which a bacterial cell divides into two daughter cells. the name of the process whereby a cell divides and makes two daughter cells that are each an exact copy or clone of the parent cell.
Instead of sexual reproduction, bacteria go through mitosis or meiosis. Through binary fission, which creates two cells, they reproduce asexually.Bacteria divide their cells through a process called bacterial binary fission. Discover how binary fission works, including how to duplicate a bacterial chromosome and create a new cell wall.A vital process for life is mitosis. In the mitotic (M) phase, the cell divides its cytoplasm into two parts and divides its DNA into two sets, producing two new cells. During mitosis, a cell duplicates all of its components, including its chromosomes. Prokaryotes, which include bacteria, divide their cells through a process called binary fission, which is not experienced by eukaryotes. This process shares several characteristics with mitosis, including the need for chromosome replication, segregation of the copied DNA, and cytoplasmic division of the parent cell.
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What might the consequences be on the bat and cacti population if this desert region continued to experience several years of higher-than-average rainfall? How would a decline in the cactus population affect the rest of the desert ecosystem (i.e. other organisms such as rodents which feed on cactus fruit)?
The consequences on the bat and cacti population in a desert region continued to experience several years of higher-than-average rainfall may be the decrease of these species' populations, which likely would affect the rest of the desert ecosystem because it alters homeostasis conditions.
What are the homeostasis conditions?The homeostasis conditions make reference to the delicate equilibrium for which species in a given ecosystem coexist in order to shape the environment.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that homeostasis conditions may be altered by unusual factors such as high precipitation in the desert and thus affect the whole ecosystem.
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Which statement describes a process that occurs in mitochondria?
All organisms' mitochondria participate in cellular respiration, which is a process. Simple sugars are broken down into carbon dioxide and water during this process, releasing energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
What action takes place within mitochondria?Mitochondria use oxygen present inside the cell to transform chemical energy from meals into energy the host cell can use. The procedure, known as oxidative phosphorylation, takes place inside mitochondria.
What takes place inside the mitochondria?Only in the mitochondria can oxygen and food molecules come together in a living thing. The substance can be digested once oxygen is supplied. They are energetic organelles that keep the cell active.
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if brian has a son who is color-blind, what is known about the genotype of the son's mother?; which are different forms of the same gene? genotypes phenotypes alleles traits; in the pedigree that is shown, which represents irene's allele combination? xhxh xhxh xhxh xhy; which combination of alleles are always involved in the inheritance of a sex-linked trait?; which family members have red-green color blindness?; based on the pedigree that is shown, which describes john; which is not considered a sex-linked trait?; what is the purpose of using a pedigree?
The genotype is defined as a set of genes in our DNA which are responsible for a particular trait. Two organisms that are carbon copy of each other, but if they have the slightest difference, that is because of different genotypes.
She must have at least one color blindness allele. Because color blindness is a sex-linked gene (present on the X chromosome), the mother must carry an allele.
She can't get it until she has two alleles, thus the second choice is incorrect. Her son just needs one allele to be affected.
Because she might be homozygous recessive for the gene, the third option is incorrect. Her son can inherit the gene if she carries one or more alleles.
She must be a heterozygous carrier of the gene; otherwise, she will be unable to pass it on to her son. She must carry a colorblind allele.
The red-green color blindness is a recessive X-linked trait. The females are not affected unless both the X chromosomes have the affected allele. Mostly, the females are the carriers, and the males are affected as they have only one X chromosome. In the given pedigree, the father of Irene have the normal allele, while her mother is a carrier.
However, Irene is neither a carrier nor affected. This means that she carries normal alleles on both X chromosomes. Hence, her allele combination is .
A pedigree depicts familial links and identifies which members of a family have particular genetic pathogenic variations, features, and illnesses, as well as their vital state.
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ATP synthase is a large molecular machine that converts the energy in an electrochemical gradient into the bond energy stored in ATP. Which of the following events are required for the synthesis of ATP?
Choose one or more:
A. movement of protons down their gradient through ATP synthase
B. conformational changes of the F1 ATPase
C. binding of ATP to an empty F1 ATPase subunit
D. rotation of the rotor in the membrane
The exergonic flow of H+ drives ATP phosphorylation by ATP synthase. from other stages of cellular respiration transfer their electrons to molecules close to the start of the transport chain.
With the help of a transmembrane proton motive force, ATP synthases create ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate. Bacterial ATP synthases have received a lot of attention because they are the most basic form of the enzyme and because genetically altering these complexes is relatively simple.
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a woman has the inherited form of retinoblastoma (rb). her husband does not have rb, and they have monozygotic (identical twins) twin girls. one girl got rb before the age of 5, and her twin avoided rb throughout her entire childhood. how is this possible? please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. answer choices both girls inherited the rb mutation, but in one girl, the inherited normal copy of the rb gene suffered a somatic mutation that led to rb, and the other girl did not suffer a somatic mutation in her normal copy of the gene. both girls inherited the rb mutation but, in one girl, a defect occurred in a mismatch repair gene which led to a number of somatic mutations in several tumor-suppressor genes and proto-oncogenes, and eventually rb developed. both girls inherited the rb mutation, but in the girl that did not suffer from rb, a back mutation occurred in the mutated rb gene somatically that resulted in the restoration of the wild-type allele. one girl inherited the rb mutation from the mother and the other girl didn't.
It is possible as, Both girls inherited the RB mutation, but in one girl, the inherited normal copy of the RB gene suffered a somatic mutation that led to RB, and the other girl did not suffer a somatic mutation in her normal copy of the gene.
What is mutation?
Changes to an organism's DNA sequence are referred to as mutations. An infection with a virus, exposure to mutagens, or mistakes in DNA replication during cell division can all cause mutations.
Mutations can be the result of mistakes in DNA replication or the harmful effects of mutagens, such as chemicals and radiation, which interact with DNA and alter the architecture of individual nucleotides. DNA repair enzymes are present in every cell and work to reduce the amount of mutations that take place.
Therefore, It is possible as, Both girls inherited the RB mutation, but in one girl, the inherited normal copy of the RB gene suffered a somatic mutation that led to RB, and the other girl did not suffer a somatic mutation in her normal copy of the gene.
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When the term biceps triceps or quadriceps forms part of a muscle's name what does it tell you?; When the term biceps forms part of the muscle's name what does it tell you about the muscle?; How the triceps and biceps get their names?; What are biceps triceps and quadriceps?
When the term biceps, triceps, or quadriceps forms part of a muscle's name, the muscle has two, three, or four origins, respectively.
Your elbow joint's flexor is the biceps, and its extensor is the triceps. The quadriceps and hamstrings, which are used to bend and straighten the knee, as well as the pectorals and trapezius, which are used to move the arms and shoulders forward and backward, are other muscles that collaborate. In daily activities, not all muscles are used equally. For instance, because we lift against gravity, we engage our biceps more than our triceps.
Hence, hand of person consist of multiple muscle.
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Where do microtubules of the spindle originate during mitosis?; Where do the microtubules of the spindle originate during mitosis in both plant and animal cells a centromere B centrosome C Centriole D chromatid e kinetochore?; Where are microtubules found in mitosis?; Where do microtubule spindle fibers come from?
The microtubules of the spindle originate during mitosis in both plant and animal cells from centrosome.
Chromosome separation occurs during mitosis on microtubule-based structures called mitotic spindles. Spindle microtubules originate from centrosomes or spindle pole bodies in the majority of animal and fungal cells.
The pericentriolar material, which is made up of two centrioles and an electron-dense matrix, is the centrosome, the main microtubule-organizing centre (MTOC) in eukaryotic cells (PCM). The centrosome's ability to nucleate, anchor, and release microtubules (MTs) is what allows it to organize MT arrays, like the mitotic spindle.
The duplication of centrioles makes sure that each daughter cell receives two centrioles. It happens in four stages that follow one another: the centrioles are disengaged at the conclusion of mitosis, the daughter centrioles are nucleated in G1-S before they reach their full centriolar length, the daughter centrioles are lengthened in S and G2, and the centrosomes are separated (G2–M).
Hence, centrosome is structure that provides centriole during cell cycle.
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Drag the labels to their appropriate targets to correctly identify the various chromosome structures. Labels can be used more than once.
a) non-homologous chromosomes
b) sister chromatids
c) homologous chromosomes
d) centromere
e) non-sister chromatids
f) homologous chromosomes
g)sister chromatids
The answer to the given question about chromosome structures are in the figure down as well :
a) non-homologous chromosomes
b) sister chromatids
c) homologous chromosomes
d) centromere
e) non-sister chromatids
f) homologous chromosomes
g) sister chromatids
One chromosome from the mother and one from the father are often inherited in a pair. Homologous chromosomes, for instance, are two copies of Chromosome 1 that exist in a single cell. There are identical genes on each chromosome in a homologous pair, but there may be differences between them that give rise to different alleles. There may be functional consequences for some of these alleles' variations, but not for others.
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arthropods can serve as a reservoir for all of the following diseases except group of answer choices yellow fever. epidemic typhus. plague. malaria. brucellosis.
Brucellosis, are the infectious cause of brucellosis. People who come into contact with infected animals or animal products that are contaminated with the bacteria can get the illness.
What illnesses are spread by arthropods?Examples include Zika, West Nile, Yellow Fever, Eastern horse encephalitis, Powassan, St. Louis encephalitis, Chikungunya, dengue, and California encephalitis.
Which of the following infections could pass during childbirth from the mother to the fetus or the newborn?Some STIs, like syphilis, pass through the placenta and infect the unborn child. Other STIs, such as gonorrhea, chlamydia, hepatitis B, and genital herpes, can be transferred from the mother to the fetus during delivery. During pregnancy, HIV can pass through the placenta and infect the unborn child.
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which of the following conclusions about increasing the number of folds in the inner mitochondrial membrane is best supported by the results of the experiment?
It boosts photosynthesis' effectiveness, which causes cells to develop more quickly.
Which of the following transport processes will be most directly impacted by a brief ATP shortage?Aldosterone is a steroid hormone that reaches a target cell by crossing the plasma membrane and traveling down a concentration gradient. It is a tiny, nonpolar, hydrophobic molecule.
Which of the following types of membrane transport has a direct relationship between the rate of transfer and the solute concentration?The movement of molecules in a solution from a region of higher concentration to one of lower concentration is known as diffusion. The net rate of solute flux in this kind of transport is inversely proportional to the disparity in concentration between the two regions.
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True or False: the minus end of microtubules and microfilaments is so named because subunits are lost and never added there.
The minus end of microtubules and microfilaments is so named because subunits are lost and never added there.This is the False statement.
Microtubules are structurally a helical lattice, while microfilaments are a double helix. Microtubules are thick cylinders made of repeating protein structures, mainly dimers of alpha and beta tubulin (also called ɑ-tubulin and β-tubulin). Microtubules are 24 nm in diameter term microfilaments are 7 nm in diameter. Microfilaments are stiff rods made of a protein called actin. When it is first produced by a cell, actin appears in a globular shape. Microfilaments are polymers of actin, which is the most abundant protein in most animal cells.
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which of the following would be consistent with the idea that a human disease has a genetic component?a. It has a particular age of onset.b. It is less likely to occur in relatives living apart than in relatives living together.c. A correlation is found between the presence of a mutation in a particular gene and the occurrence of the disease.d. All of the above are consistent.
Option (d) i.e. All of the above are consistent with the idea that a human disease has a genetic component.
Cells serve as the primary structural and functional building elements of every known living creature. The instructions needed to regulate activities are encoded in the DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) sequence. The four basic components of DNA, adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine, also known as A, T, G, and C, are present in all living things. Complementary DNA strands are created when A pairs with T and C pairs with G. The chromosomes, which are physically different molecules with lengths varying from 50 to 250 million base pairs, make up the human genome, which is the entirety of the genetic material in a cell. Human cells contain two sets of chromosomes, one pair of which is inherited from each parent. 22 autosomes and 23 pairs of chromosomes are typically present in each cell (numbered 1 through 22). The many genes found on each chromosome are the fundamental structural and functional components of heredity genetic. The precise base pairing along the DNA strand, known as the DNA sequence (e.g., ATTCCGGA).
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Which of the following is not a characteristic of cancer cells?
Answer: They show contact inhibition.
during dna replication in a human liver cell, dna polymerase mistakenly adds a guanine nucleotide instead of an adenine nucleotide
Similar to DNA, RNA is a linear polymer composed of four distinct nucleotide subunit types that are joined by phosphodiester bonds. Chemically, it differs from DNA in two ways.
Cells read out or express the genetic instructions in their genes through transcription and translation. When necessary, cells may quickly produce a vast amount of protein due to the fact that the same gene can produce numerous identical copies of RNA and that each RNA molecule can direct the production of numerous identical protein molecules.
However, the efficiency at which each gene is transcribed and translated can vary, allowing the cell to produce large amounts of some proteins and minuscule amounts of others.
Additionally, as we will see in the following chapter, a cell may modify (or regulate) the expression of each of its genes depending on the circumstances, most obviously by managing the RNA it produces.
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antimicrobics effective against only gram-positive bacteria would be termed antibiotics. narrow-spectrum drugs. semisynthetic drugs. synthetic drugs. broad-spectrum drugs.
Grass-positive-only antimicrobics are those that exclusively work against gram-positive bacteria. Narrow-spectrum medications include antibiotics.
Explain about the gram-positive bacteria?Staphylococcus, which grows in clusters and is catalase-positive, and Streptococcus, which grows in chains and is catalase-negative, are two examples of gram-positive cocci. Further categorization of staphylococci includes coagulase-positive (S. aureus) and coagulase-negative (S. epidermidis and S. pneumoniae) strains.
Due to the ability of their thick peptidoglycan membrane to retain the dye, gram-positive bacteria look purple-blue under a microscope. A result of positivity gives the bacteria the name "gram-positive." Gram-negative bacteria leave pink-red stains. Because of the weaker peptidoglycan layer, it loses its blue hue.
Some detergents, which easily kill Gram-positive bacteria, do not harm gram-negative bacteria. Gram's dye is a foreign substance that the Gram-positive bacteria's thick membrane can absorb, even if that substance is harmful to the bacteria's interior. In turn, this makes them simpler for some detergents to annihilate.
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Antimicrobics effective against only gram-positive bacteria would be termed antibiotics
Briefing:Gram-positive bacteria are the only ones that gram-positive-only antimicrobics target, i.e., these are narrow-spectrum drugs. Antibiotics are also the narrow-spectrum drugs.
What exactly are gram-positive bacteria?The bacteria that can take up Gram stain are gram-positive bacteria. Under a microscope, gram-positive bacteria appear purple-blue due to their thick peptidoglycan membrane's capacity to hold the dye. The bacteria are referred to be "gram-positive" as a result of their positivity. Gram-negative microorganisms produce pink-red stains. It loses its blue color as a result of the thinner peptidoglycan coating.
What are antibiotics?Antibiotics are drugs used to treat bacterial infections in both humans and animals. They either destroy the germs or make it difficult for them to proliferate and flourish.
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which of the following is not a key element of the scientific method? multiple choice 1 testing explanations determining the validity of explanations designing data formulating explanations
The key elements include data collection (observation), the formation of hypotheses (testing), the evaluation of the hypotheses' validity, and the repeated testing of hypotheses that have shown promise in earlier tests. Data collection is haphazard or unintentional.
Economists determine economic laws or principles using the scientific approach. The purpose of these rules or principles is to explain, forecast, and/or guide human behavior.
Since at least the 17th century, the scientific method—an empirical approach to learning—has guided the advancement of science. Since one's interpretation of the observation may be distorted by cognitive presumptions, it requires careful observation and the application of severe skepticism regarding what is observed.
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Draw a chloroplast and properly label every structure and region of importance to photosynthesis- thylakoid membrane, thylakoid space, stroma, grana. Indicate the location of high and low H+ concentrations, the light reactions, and the Calvin cycle. Show the cycling of energy molecules between the light reactions and the Calvin cycle. Briefly explain the events of the light reactions and Calvin cycle. Address or diagram what enters and leaves each step.
Answer:
After the energy from the sun is converted and packaged into ATP and NADPH, the cell has the fuel needed to build food in the form of carbohydrate molecules. The carbohydrate molecules made will have a backbone of carbon atoms. Where does the carbon come from? The carbon atoms used to build carbohydrate molecules comes from carbon dioxide, the gas that animals exhale with each breath. The Calvin cycle is the term used for the reactions of photosynthesis that use the energy stored by the light-dependent reactions to form glucose and other carbohydrate molecules.
The Interworkings of the Calvin Cycle
In plants, carbon dioxide (CO2) enters the chloroplast through the stomata and diffuses into the stroma of the chloroplast—the site of the Calvin cycle reactions where sugar is synthesized. The reactions are named after the scientist who discovered them, and reference the fact that the reactions function as a cycle. Others call it the Calvin-Benson cycle to include the name of another scientist involved in its discovery.
Explanation:
Consider an autosomal locus with alleles A and a. If the the allele frequencies are as follows Freq(A) = 0.4, Freq(a) = 0.6. then what is the predicted frequency of heterozygous Aa individuals, assuming the population is in Hardy- Weinberg equilibrium? Freq(Aa) = ? Enter a number between 0 and 1, inclusive, for example 0.33
The predicted frequency of heterozygous is 0.42. The Hardy-Weinberg equation is expressed as p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1, where p is the frequency of the "A" allele and q is the frequency of the "a" allele in the population. In the equation, p2 represents the frequency of the homozygous genotype AA, q2 represents the frequency of the homozygous genotype aa, and 2pq represents the frequency of the heterozygous genotype Aa.
In addition, the sum of the allele frequencies for all the alleles at the locus must be 1, so p + q = 1. So if the frequency of an allele A is 0.7, then the frequency of allele a is 0.3. Therefore according to formula: (0.7)2 + 2Aa + (0.3)2 = 1
0.49 + 0.9 + 2Aa = 1
Aa = 0.42 (2Aa represents genotype frequency of genotype Aa)
The frequency of heterozygous Aa individuals can be calculated using the Hardy-Weinberg equation, which states that p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1, where p is the frequency of the dominant allele (A) and q is the frequency of the recessive allele (a).
We can substitute the frequencies given into the Hardy-Weinberg equation to solve for q2.
p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1
0.42 + 2(0.4)(q) + q2 = 1
q2 = 1 - 0.42 - 0.8q
q2 = 0.36 - 0.8q
We can then solve for q using the quadratic equation:
-0.8q2 + 0.8q - 0.36 = 0
q = [0.8 ± √(0.64 + 1.44)]/1.6
q = [0.8 ± √2.08]/1.6
q = [0.8 ± 1.44]/1.6
q = 0.3125 or 0.4875
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In guinea pigs, rough coats (with lots of swirly cowlicks) are dominant over smooth coats. If a male homozygous recessive guinea pig is crossed with a female homozygous dominant guinea pig, what are the possible genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring? Complete the Punnett square and the percentages of rough and smooth-coated offspring.
***Please follow all Punnett square rules to complete this question. (Letters and numbers, only)
Please use the following: Rough = R and Smooth = r
_______ ________
________ offspring 1 offspring 2
________ offspring 3 offspring 4
(Fill in the four blanks and the four offsprings in the Punnett square above. There should be two blanks straight above offspring 1 and 2.) Also, fill in the two blanks below.
% rough ____
%smooth ___
Word Bank:
Rr, r, R, r, 0, Rr, rr, Rr, 50, R, 25, 100, 75, Rr, RR
The children will have genotypes that are 1:1 RR and Rr.
All of the phenotypes of the progeny will have coarse coats.
What do you mean by genotypes?
Genotypes are the allelic components of an organism's genetic makeup. Phenotypes are the outward manifestations of an organism's physical characteristics.
The cross can be seen in the image.
Two RR genotypes and two Rr genotypes are observed as a result.
As a result, the genotypes are 1:1 RR and Rr.
All of the offspring have rough coat phenotypes since R stands for rough coats.
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judith also tells dana that she typically has severely chapped skin, also known as FITB , and asks her to recommend a moisturizer.
She is typically has severely chapped skin , also known as Fissures .
The appearance and feel of dry skin is rough, itchy, flaky, or scaly. Each person experiences these dry spots in a different location. It is a widespread condition that can afflict anyone at any age.
Numerous factors, such as cold or dry weather, sun damage, harsh soaps, and overbathing, can contribute to dry skin, also known as xerosis or xeroderma.
There are several things you may do on your own to treat dry skin, such as moisturizing and using year-round UV protection. Find a skin care regimen that works for you by experimenting with different products and products.
You might only experience dry skin during the winter, for example, or it might require long-term treatment. Dry skin is frequently transient or seasonal.
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Which of the following best describes a biological concern regarding the use of CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing in humans?
A.The process was first discovered in bacteria and human cells cannot correctly interpret prokaryotic regulatory signals.
BThe modifications created by the process may result in unintended effects on non-target genes.
C. The presence of repeated sequences (STRs) within the human genome mean that the editing cannot be targeted to a specific location.
D. The process may introduce viral sequences into the human genome leading to unwanted blood cell proliferation (leukemia).
CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing is a method to alter or change the human genome. Target genes are chosen and changed in this process. However, this modification may affect the non-targeted genes, and this is a serious biological concern.
DNA is altered by adding or removing a segment of the gene. In this method, the targeted genes produce a specified product. The product will not be produced if in case the non-targeted genes get affected. In spite of this, the modifications created by the process may result in unintended effects on non-target genes.
Therefore, the correct option is (B).
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In a replicated chromosome, which of the following most accurately describes the DNA found in the chromatids?
In a replicated chromosome, each chromatid contains the same original strand of DNA and the newly synthesized DNA strand describes the DNA in the chromatids.
A chromatid is the replicated half of a chromosome. Before cell division, the chromosomes are copied and single chromosomes join together at their centromeres. Each part of these chromosomes is a chromatid. The joined chromatids are called sister chromatids. Once the sister chromatids are joined, they separate during anaphase of mitosis, each known as a daughter chromosome. Chromatin is composed of DNA and skeletal proteins, and it is called a nucleosome when it is wrapped around these proteins in sequence.
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What is the codon for AAT?; What is the codon code for DNA?; What is the mRNA codon for alanine?; What is the mRNA of AAA?
Asparagine is the codon for AAT .Asparagine is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins.It is a polar, aliphatic amino acid because it has a -amino group, -carboxylic acid group, and side chain carboxamide. In humans, it is not necessary, therefore the body may produce it on its own.
A codon is a DNA or RNA sequence of three nucleotides (a trinucleotide) that forms a unit of genomic information encoding a particular amino acid or signaling the termination of protein synthesis (stop signals). There are 64 different codons: 61 specify amino acids and 3 are used as stop signals.
For alanine, mRNA codons are GCU, GCC, GCG, and GCA.
The template strand of DNA has AAA sequence, which will be transcribed to mRNA as UUU.
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drag the probabilities on the left to the blanks on the right to answer the questions. terms can be used once, more than once, or not at all.
the degree to which something is likely; the probability that something will occur or will be the case.
1. What is the likelihood that a randomly selected F2 seed would be yellow? 3/4
2. What is the likelihood that an F2 seed randomly selected from the yellow seeds would produce genuine offspring when selfed? 1/3
3. What is the likelihood that a random selection of three F2 seeds would contain at least one yellow seed? 63/64
4. What is the likelihood that a random selection of three F2 seeds will contain one green and two yellow seeds? 27/64
A group of persons born as a result of inbreeding and interbreeding among family members is known as a second filial generation, or F2 generation.
The first filial generation refers to the offspring of a genetically different pair of individuals. For instance, Tt people are produced in F1.
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in humans, the allele for freckles is dominant (f) and the allele for no freckles is recessive (f). an individual who is heterozygous for freckles would have which of the following genotypes?
Alleles, which are different versions of a gene, are possible. One allele in a gene has the ability to suppress the expression of another. The masking allele is known as the DOMINANT allele, whereas the masked allele is known as the RECESSIVE allele.
When an organism is heterozygous, it combines the dominant and recessive alleles of two different forms (alleles) of a gene from each parent.Given that having freckles (F) is more common than not having them (f). In a heterozygous condition (Ff), the DOMINANT allele (F) will override the expression of the recessive one, resulting in the phenotypic expression of freckles.The MC1R gene regulates freckles, a hereditary disease characterized by excessive melanin synthesis on the body and face. Freckles have a dominant inheritance pattern because the dominant allele controls them. Therefore, if a person carries even one allele for freckles, the phenotypic will reflect this disease. If a person carries both copies of the recessive gene, ff, they will not have freckles. Because there is one dominant allele for freckles that will express in the phenotype, a person who is heterozygous for freckles will have the freckle phenotype.
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when it comes to volcanic hazards, the key problem is how easily the dissolved gases can escape from the magma. True/False
The main issue with volcanic risks is how quickly dissolved gases can escape from the lava.
A volcano is a crack in a planet's crust, such as the one on Earth, that permits hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from a magma chamber below the surface. Most volcanoes on Earth are found underwater, and they are most frequently found where tectonic plates are diverging or convergent. For instance, the Pacific Ring of Fire has volcanoes created by convergent tectonic plates while the Mid-Atlantic Ridge has volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates. Where the plates of the crust are being stretched and thinned, such as in the East African Rift and the Wells, volcanoes can also form.
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which one of the following attributes of the sliding clamp allows a dna polymerase molecule to fall off the lagging-strand template when it finishes synthesis of an okazaki fragment?
When helicase splits open the parent DNA molecule and initiates the replication fork, lagging strand synthesis starts. DNA replication is possible in both directions thanks to two helicase molecules that open the DNA in both directions.
Deoxyribonucleic acid s a kind of DNA. DNA is a polymer made up of two polynucleotide chains that coil around one another to form a double helix. (listen);[1] DNA) All known organisms and many viruses have genetic information in the polymer that is necessary for their development, operation, growth, and reproduction. Nucleic acids include DNA and ribonucleic acid (RNA). Nucleic acids are one of the four main categories of macromolecules that are necessary for all known forms of life, along with proteins, lipids, and complex carbohydrates (polysaccharides).
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Which of the following processes do glycolysis link reaction citric acid cycle and electron transport chain belong to?
Glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain are three distinct metabolic pathways that work together to form cellular respiration. While the other two mechanisms are aerobic, glycolysis is anaerobic.
The process known as pyruvate oxidation is required in order to convert pyruvate molecules—a product of glycolysis—into the citric acid cycle. The first pathway in cellular respiration is glycolysis. This anaerobic route operates within the cell's cytoplasm. This process yields two pyruvate molecules and disintegrates one glucose molecule. Glycolysis consists of two halves, each with five stages. The "energy needing" steps are the ones in the first half.
This portion divides the glucose and consumes two ATP. The second half of glycolysis can start if pyruvate kinase levels are high enough. In the "energy releasing" stages in the second half, 4 ATP molecules and 2 NADH molecules are released. There is a net gain of 2 ATP and 2 NADH from glycolysis. Some cells (like mature mammalian red blood cells) are unable to respire aerobically, therefore their only source of ATP comes from glycolysis. However, most cells oxidize pyruvate before moving on to other cellular respiration pathways.
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Correct Question:
Which processes does glycolysis link reaction citric acid cycle and electron transport chain belong to?
Which of the following substances can be metabolized for ATP production?
Glucose
Iron
Insulin
Vitamin C
Among given nutrients, glucose can be used to create ATP. In addition to anaerobic conditions, cellular respiration, beta-oxidation, ketosis, lipid, and protein catabolism can all result in the synthesis of ATP when oxygen is present.
Two molecules of ATP are hydrolyzed for every molecule of glucose to give energy for the early processes, but four molecules of ATP are created in the later phases. As a result, towards the end of glycolysis, there is a net gain of two ATP molecules for each glucose molecule that was broken down. A glucose molecule, with the chemical formula C6H12O6, carries a small enough package of chemical energy for cells to move and absorb. The "deliverable" kind of energy in your body is glucose, which is transported to each of your 100 trillion cells through capillaries in your blood. Since glucose is also a carbohydrate made during photosynthesis, it serves as almost everyone's primary source of nutrition.
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