Answer:
Compact and spongy bone
Explanation: Compact and spongy bone develops directly from sheets of mesenchymal (undifferentiated) connective tissue. The flat bones of the face, most of the cranial bones, and the clavicles (collarbones) are formed via intramembranous ossification.
A function of protein is to help maintain fluid distribution within the body by?
Function of protein is to help maintain fluid distribution within the body by Attracting water into compartments where it is needed.
Protein function by attracting water into the compartments with the help of Aquaporins.
Aquaporins regulate the flow of water into and out of the cells. For the proteins that float freely in a cell, the attraction is dependent on the arrangement of water molecules.
Aquaporins are integral membrane proteins serving as a channel for water transfer. They are present in the biological membranes. They form water channels and allows movement of water.
Proteins are water loving i.e. hydrophilic.
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What are possible advantages for self-pollination to have evolved in a flowering plant species? select all that apply.
All the options are correct: The advantages of self - pollination include;
the plant species can survive in areas where animal pollinators are absent, the plant species tends to produce offspring that are more uniform compared to offspring resulting from outcrossing and less energy can be spent on attracting pollinator.What is pollination?Pollination is the transfer of pollen from an anther of a plant to the stigma of a plant, later enabling fertilization and the production of seeds, most often by an animal or by wind.
There are two main types of pollination:
Self pollinationCross pollinationWhat is self pollination?Self-pollination is a form of pollination in which pollen from the same plant arrives at the stigma of a flower or at the ovule.
Advantages of self pollination;The plant species can survive in areas where animal pollinators are absent.The plant species tends to produce offspring that are more uniform compared to offspring resulting from outcrossing.Less energy can be spent on attracting pollinator.Thus, the possible advantages for self-pollination to have evolved in a flowering plant species are; the plant species can survive in areas where animal pollinators are absent and less energy can be spent on attracting pollinator.
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The complete question is below:
What are possible advantages for self-pollination to have evolved in a flowering plant species? select all that apply.
-The plant species can survive in areas where animal pollinators are absent.
-The plant species tends to produce offspring that are more uniform compared to offspring resulting from outcrossing.
-Less energy can be spent on attracting pollinator.
the mammalian tail and
the human coccyx (tail bone)
the leaves of pitcher plants
and cacti
the flippers of penguins
and dolphins
the bills of ducks
and platypuses
Homologous
the shells of turtles
and crabs
Analogous
The mammalian tail and the human coccyx, the leaves of pitcher plants and cacti, are homologous organs while, the flippers of penguins and dolphins, as well as the shells of turtles and crabs are analogous structures.
What are homologous organs?Homologous organs are those that are similar in structure but operate differently. They resulted from divergent evolution.
Divergent evolution occurs when species are closely connected to the same ancestors but develop similar structures that perform different tasks in different environments.
Analogous Organs are organs from various creatures that, despite their appearance, perform the same function.
In the given case, the mammalian tail and coccyx, as well as the leaves of pitcher plants and cacti, are homologous organs, whereas penguin and dolphin flippers, as well as turtle and crab shells, are analogous structures.
Thus, these are the different instances of homologous and analogous organs.
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Due often to excess sweating, diarrhea, or vomiting, ____________ causes the cell membrane to be hyperpolarized due to increased concentration gradients
Due often to excess sweating, diarrhea, or vomiting, hypokalemia causes the cell membrane to be hyperpolarized due to increased concentration gradients.
What is hypokalemia?The cell membrane is a biological membrane that shields the cell from its surroundings and keeps the interior of all cells isolated from the outside world.A cell membrane, often referred to as a plasma membrane, is present in every cell and serves as a barrier between the interior of the cell and the outside world.A semipermeable lipid bilayer makes up the cell membrane. The cell membrane controls the flow of substances into and out of the cell.Cell membrane refers to the cell's outermost body. Both plants and animals have it. This membrane is alive, fragile, and thin. A very small number of molecules can pass through the cell membrane, which is a semi-permeable membrane.The cytoplasm, which is the material positioned between the membrane and the nucleus of a cell, is enclosed by a thin layer known as the cell membrane. It lets good things get through while preventing bad ones. The fundamental structural component of all living things is the cell.
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What hormones does the body produce to prepare the body for quick physical action?
Adrenaline and noradrenaline hormones the body produce to prepare the body for quick physical action.The primary function of adrenaline also known as epinephrine and noradrenaline, two hormones secreted by the adrenal glands, is to get the body prepared for a "fight or flight" reaction under pressure.
The main effects of adrenaline include speeding up breathing, raising blood pressure, widening the pupil of the eye, lessening pain sensitivity, improving vision, hearing, and other senses, slowing digestion, rerouting blood to the muscles, and changing the body's metabolism to maximise oxygen and nutrients to the body and raise blood glucose levels (primarily for the brain).
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Which best describes the process occurring at locations U and X?
The thing that best describes the process occurring at locations U and X is B. Water changes from a liquid to a gas.
What is Vaporization?This refers to the phase change that occurs when there is a change of water liquid to gaseous form.
This form of physical change occurs at boiling temperature.
Therefore, from the given image, the process that occurs at locations U and X is vaporization as Water changes from a liquid to a gas and the water became vapor.
There are different physical changes that occurs from W, U, and X and heat is applied in the locations U and C which changes the available water there from liquid to gaseous form.
The other forms of phase changes are:
VaporizationCondensationEvaporization FreeezingMeltingDepositionSublimationRead more about vaporization here:
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The complete question is:
Which best describes the process occurring at locations U and X?
Water cycles from a nonliving to a living part of the environment.Water changes from a liquid to a gas.Water changes from a gas to a liquid.Water cycles from a living to a nonliving part of the environment.What components and structures of membrane facilitates unequal distribution of polar and charged molecules on two different sides of membrane? How would that be useful for propagating nerve impulse?
The Ion Channels of membrane facilitates unequal distribution of polar and charged molecules on two different sides of membrane.
The traveling wave of electrical excitation, known as an action potential/nerve impulse, can carry a message without attenuation from one end of a neuron to the other as speeds as great 100m/sec or more.
The voltage is an electrical potential energy that is caused by the separation of opposite charges, in the case of across membrane.
It is so because a membrane potential arises when, there is a difference in electrical charge on both the sides of a membrane, due to a slight excess in positive ions over negative ones on one side and a slight deficit on the other.
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What age group has a larger volume of extracellular fluid than intracellular fluid?
The Infants group has a larger volume of extracellular fluid (ECF) than intracellular fluid.The bodily fluid that exists outside of the cells of a multicellular creature is referred to as extracellular fluid (ECF).
Women and obese people often have a lower percentage of total body water than lean men, which is roughly 60% (range 45 to 75% of total body weight) in healthy adults. About one-third of the body's fluid is extracellular fluid, while the other two-thirds is the intracellular fluid found inside the cells. The fluid that surrounds cells, called interstitial fluid, makes up the majority of extracellular fluid.
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Consider an animal cell that has eight chromosomes (four pairs of homologous chromosomes) in g1 phase. this cell has ________ sister chromatids and _________ centrioles
Consider an animal cell that has eight chromosomes (four pairs of homologous chromosomes) in g1 phase. this cell has 16 sister chromatids and 4 centrioles.
What is chromosomes?A chromosome is a lengthy DNA molecule that contains all or a portion of an organism's genetic code. Histones, which serve as packing proteins for the majority of eukaryotic chromosomes, work with chaperone proteins to attach to and condense the DNA molecule in order to preserve the integrity of the molecule.A component that can be found in a cell's nucleus. There are typically 23 pairs of chromosomes in each cell.Long segments of DNA are carried by chromosomes, which are organelles that can be found in the nucleus of cells. It serves as the foundation for the human body. Additionally, proteins found in chromosomes aid in the appropriate structure of DNA.Human anatomy is created and maintained by your DNA. Genes are sections of your DNA that give you the physical traits that set you apart from others.
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Results of research showing that auditory hallucinations are localized in the expressive speech area of the brain suggest that?
Results of research showing that auditory hallucinations are localized in the expressive speech area of the brain suggest that When someone is hallucinating, they are actually hearing their own thoughts.
What is hallucination?The sensory sense of hearing noises without an external trigger is known as auditory hallucinations. Despite not being unique to schizophrenia, this symptom is notably linked to it and other psychotic diseases.Hearing sounds or noises, such as music, animal calls, natural sounds, or background noises, might be a symptom of auditory hallucinations. They could appear to be coming from everywhere, including the surroundings or head. There are extremes of very silent and very loud sounds.Numerous psychiatric conditions, most notably schizophrenia, can result in auditory hallucinations. Additionally, they can take place in dementia, PTSD, and bipolar disorder. Knowing the underlying cause of an illness can help with treatment.
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Arrange the layers of rock oldest to youngest- conglomerate, limestone with crinoid, shale with ammonite, sandstone with trilobite
Oldest to youngest
Sandstone with trilobite → limestone with crinoid → shale with ammonite → conglomerate
According to the rule of superposition, rock strata (layers) that are the furthest from the ground's surface are the oldest (formed earliest) and those that are the nearest to it are the youngest (formed most recently).
What is a Rock ?A rock is a dense mass of mineral grains that have grown or been cemented together over time. There are big rocks and little rocks. Pebbles are little rocks. One or more minerals can be found in every rock.
According to how they were formed, rocks are categorised by geologists (those who study rocks and minerals).Among the physical characteristics of rocks are density, porosity, and permeability. Elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, and rock strength are the primary characteristics of rocks in terms of mechanics.Learn more about Rocks here:
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The layers of rock can be arranged from oldest to youngest as follows:
1. Conglomerate: This is the oldest layer. Conglomerate is a sedimentary rock composed of rounded gravel and pebbles that have been cemented together. It forms when gravel and pebbles are transported by water and then deposited and compacted over time.
2. Shale with ammonite: Shale is a fine-grained sedimentary rock that forms from the compaction of mud and clay. The presence of an ammonite fossil indicates that this layer is younger than the conglomerate layer.
3. Limestone with crinoid: Limestone is a sedimentary rock composed mainly of calcium carbonate. The presence of a crinoid fossil suggests that this layer is younger than the shale layer.
4. Sandstone with trilobite: Sandstone is a sedimentary rock composed of sand-sized particles that have been cemented together. The presence of a trilobite fossil indicates that this layer is the youngest.
To summarize, the layers from oldest to youngest are: conglomerate, shale with ammonite, limestone with crinoid, and sandstone with trilobite. Each layer represents a different period of time in Earth's history and contains distinct types of fossils that help geologists determine their relative ages.
The prevalence of the allele for sickle cell anemia in some populations is an example of?
"Balanced polymorphism" is demonstrated by the frequency of the trait for sickle cell anemia in various groups.
Why sickle cell anemia is called a Balanced polymorphism?
When individuals who possess two sets of the normal form gene have no benefit over heterozygous individuals, an illness might continue to be widespread. Balanced polymorphism would be at play when carriers have benefits that enable a harmful allele to survive in a community. This kind of polymorphism frequently involves heterozygosity for a hereditary disease that confers resistance to an infectious disease.
Sickle Cell Disorder
Anemia, joint discomfort, a huge spleen, and frequent, serious infections are all symptoms of the autosomal recessive illness sickle cell disease. Because carriers are immune to malaria, a parasitic ailment caused by Plasmodium falciparum that induces periods of cold and temperature, it serves as an example of balanced polymorphism.
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Describe 3 ways that meiosis (and sexual reproduction in general) generates diversity. be specific and detailed!
Answer:
During Prophase 1 the crossing over of the homologous pairs of chromosomes exchange parts of each other which can result causing new traits.
During independent assortment chromosome pairs align randomly during metaphase I which also creates diversity.
Random Fertilization makes up genetic diversity because of the mixture of each unique sperm with each individual egg.
Explanation:
Which of the following correctly describes the process of Translation?
I. tRNA anticodon bonds to mRNA codon
II. Ribosome bonds to mRNA strand
III. Ribosome reaches a STOP codon and detaches from the mRNA
IV. Each tRNA adds an Amino Acid to the chain as the Ribosome moves along the mRNA
V. Complimentary mRNA strand is made from DNA template
A. V, II, I, IV, III
B. II, I, IV, III
C. V, I, IV, III
D. II, IV, III, I, V
The correct option is B- II,I,IV,III represents the process of translation and V represents the process of transcription.
II. Ribosome bonds to mRNA strand
I. tRNA anticodon bonds to mRNA codon
IV. Each tRNA adds an Amino Acid to the chain as the Ribosome moves along the mRNA
III. Ribosome reaches a STOP codon and detaches from the mRNA
What is transcription and translation?Transcription is the name given to the formation of RNA from a strand of DNA, with the “copy” of the information contained in the DNA to the RNA. This process is extremely important, as the information transcribed to the RNA molecule is translated into the formation of proteins.
Protein synthesis (translation) takes place in the cytoplasm and consists of reading the mRNA. The process involves three steps known as: initiation, elongation and termination. Synthesis begins (initiation step) when the smaller subunit of a ribosome and a specific tRNA associate with an mRNA.
With this information, we can conclude that Transcription is the formation of RNA from a strand of DNA, with the “copying” of the information contained in the DNA to the RNA.
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In quiescent cells, early endosomes containing aav2 would most likely move toward?
In a quiescent cell i.e. a non-dividing cell, Early endosomes containing AAV2 would most likely to move towards Centriole.
AAV2 is a non-envoloped virus.
Centrioles are the site of origination of microtubules which radiates outwards. They are non-membrane bound organelles found only in the animal cell. Microtubules are involved in different types of movement in the cell and are involved in the cell division by forming mitotic spindles. Microtubules facilitate the movement of the different organelles and vesicles in the cell.
For example, endosomes.
The Microtubules that are involved in the Intracellular movement i.e. movement inside the cell only, originate near the nucleus called Centrioles.
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Taylor munandi's obstetrician advised her not to change her cat's litter box because handling animal feces places her at risk of which condition?
Taylor Munandi's obstetrician advised her not to change her cat's litter box because handling animal feces puts her at risk of developing toxoplasmosis, which is caused by a microscopic parasite called Toxoplasma gondii and transmitted through cat feces.
What can toxoplasmosis cause in the baby?Toxoplasmosis is caused by a parasite that lives and multiplies in cats. The fetus can be born prematurely, and a newborn can have problems such as a small head or an enlarged liver. Blood and other fluid tests may be done to detect the infection in the fetus, newborn, or mother.
Can someone who has toxoplasmosis in pregnancy have a normal delivery?It is not transmitted in childbirth, but in utero. The transmission of toxoplasmosis from mother to child takes place via the placenta and does not depend on the type of delivery chosen. Talk to her obstetrician to closely monitor this pregnancy.
With this information, we can conclude that Toxoplasmosis, popularly known as cat disease, is an infectious disease caused by the parasite Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), found in cat feces, water or undercooked meat such as pork or lamb, contaminated with the parasite.
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Describe the structure and function of mirna, snrna, and lncrna, which represent the three major types of noncoding rnas. What are four mechanisms by which lncrna molecules are thought to regulate cellular processes?.
Structure and function of miRNA:
A microRNA (abbreviated miRNA) is a small single-stranded non-coding RNA molecule, containing about 22 nucleotides found in plants, animals and some viruses, that functions in RNA silencing and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. miRNAs function via base-pairing with complementary sequences within mRNA molecules. As a result, these mRNA molecules are silenced, by one or more of the following processes: cleavage of the mRNA strand into two pieces, destabilization of the mRNA through shortening of its poly(A) tail, and less efficient translation of the mRNA into proteins by ribosomes.Structure and function of snRNA:
Small nuclear RNA (snRNA) is a class of small RNA molecules that are found within the splicing speckles and Cajal bodies of the cell nucleus in eukaryotic cells. The length of an average snRNA is approximately 150 nucleotides. They are transcribed by either RNA polymerase II or RNA polymerase III.Their primary function is in the processing of pre-messenger RNA (hnRNA) in the nucleus. They have also been shown to aid in the regulation of transcription factors (7SK RNA) or RNA polymerase II (B2 RNA), and maintaining the telomeres. snRNA are always associated with a set of specific proteins, and the complexes are referred to as small nuclear ribonucleoproteins, snRNP, often pronounced "snurps". Each snRNP particle is composed of a snRNA component and several snRNP-specific proteins.Structure and function of lncRNA?
Long non-coding RNAs (long ncRNAs, lncRNA) are a type of RNA, generally defined as transcripts more than 200 nucleotides that are not translated into protein. This arbitrary limit distinguishes long ncRNAs from small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), and other short RNAs. Long intervening/intergenic noncoding RNAs (lincRNAs) are sequences of lncRNA which do not overlap protein-coding genes.Four mechanisms by which lncRNAs molecules are thought to regulate cellular processes are:
The majority of lncRNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerase II, as evidenced by PoI-I occupancy, 5‘ caps, histone modifications associated with Pol-II transcriptional elongation, and polyadenylation.lncRNAs play a key regulatory role in the p53 transcriptional response. One of the direct p53 targets in response to DNA damage, a lncRNA called linc-p21 located upstream of CDKN1A gene, was found to act as a transcriptional repressor in the canonical p53 pathway and to play a role in triggering apoptosis. p53 regulates linc-p21 by directly inducing its expression, likely through direct binding to the linc-p21 promoter, while reduction of lincRNA-p21 increases expression of numerous p53-repressed transcripts.Pluripotency-associated lincRNAs were initially discovered in mouse embryonic stem cells. Somatic cell reprogramming to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is accompanied by enriched expression of large intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs).The phenomenon of combinatorial transcriptional regulation by lncRNAs is also found in plants. The transition from vegetative to reproductive development is a highly regulated process that, in many plant species, is sensitive to environmental cues that provide seasonal information to initiate flowering during optimal times of the year.To learn more about lncRNA:
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X-gal is included in the growth medium on which cells transformed with bacterial plasmids are grown. The reason x-gal is included is to _______.
Answer:
gg
Explanation:
X-GAL is included in order to True An enzyme that cuts between the third and fourth bases from the 5′ end of a six base DNA sequence will result in blunt ends.
What are Bacterial Plasmids?Plasmids are the little DNA rings that your bacterial self was stealing. Plasmids are specifically non-essential, extrachromosomal DNA fragments. What does that exactly mean? A plasmid is a brief, typically circular, double-stranded DNA fragment that is located outside of the main bacterial chromosome in the b.
Between 5 to 100 genes that are not necessary for the survival of the bacteria are typically found in plasmids. The primary bacterial chromosome contains the genes necessary for healthy cell structure, metabolism, and growth. The bacterium would still be able to survive even if all of the plasmids were taken out as long as it is flourishing in a low-stress environment.
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Sympathetic stimulation results in what effects in the kidney?
Renal vascular resistance, renin release, and tubular salt reabsorption are all increased when sympathetic nerves to the kidney are active.
Sympathetic stimulation :The sympathetic nervous system alters the cardiac output, peripheral vascular resistance, and renal function, all of which play significant roles in controlling arterial pressure under various circumstances. The system has a role in the pathogenesis of chronic arterial hypertension and is capable of significant acute pressor effects. Because of its limitless capacity to restore altered arterial pressure to its original level by increasing or decreasing water and electrolyte excretion in response to elevated or decreased systemic arterial pressure, the renal volume/pressure control system is regarded as dominating physiological long-term arterial pressure regulation.
Renal vascular resistance, renin release, and tubular salt reabsorption are all increased when sympathetic nerves to the kidney are active. By reversing the pressure-natriuresis curve, these acts contribute to long-term increases in arterial pressure. Renal sensory receptors provide signals that are transmitted by renal afferent neurons to the efferent sympathetic nervous system, which has an impact on the control of arterial pressure. The current paper's goal is to examine recent research that shows how the sympathetic nervous system and the kidneys interact in the pathophysiology of both experimental and real-world arterial hypertension.
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What is the overall incidence rate of listeriosis in the united states (assume a population of 315,505,000 and express your answer per 1,000,000 in the population)?
Based on active surveillance in 10 Food Net sites, the annual incidence of laboratory-confirmed listeriosis in the United States is approximately 0.24 cases per 100,000 people. 0.2 cases per 100,000 people is the U.S. Healthy People 2020external icon target for listeriosis.
The infection known as listeriosis is brought on by Listeria monocytogenes. Eating foods contaminated with the bacteria causes infection in humans. Listeria can infect the bloodstream, spinal cord membranes, brain, and many other areas of the body.According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, over 1,600 Americans contract listeriosis year, and approximately 260 of them pass away. A total of 1,500 of the roughly 1,600 people who contract the disease each year will be hospitalized, according to the 94% hospitalization rate.learn more about listeriosis here:
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When observing the gel at the end of the run period, the dna band that is closest to the positive electrode is the.
The answer is smallet is size.
What is electrode?Electrode, electric conductor, usually metal, operated as either of the two terminals of an electrically operating medium; it conducts current into and out of the medium, which may be an electrolytic resolution as in a storage battery, or a solid, gas, or vacuum.The main use of electrodes is to generate electrical current and pass it through non-metal objects to essentially alter them in several ways. Electrodes are also used to calculate conductivity.The electrode is the location where electron transfer happens. An electrode is classified as either a cathode or an anode counting on the type of chemical response that happens. If an oxidation reaction happens at an electrode.To learn more about electrode, refer to:
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sciencebiologybiology questions and answersin silkmoths (bombyx mori), red eyes (re) and white-banded wings (wb) are encoded by two mutant alleles that are recessive to those that produce wild-type traits (re+and wb+); these two genes are on the same chromosome. a moth homozygous for red eyes and white-banded wings is crossed with a moth homozygous for the wild-type traits. the f1 have normal eyes
Question: In Silkmoths (Bombyx Mori), Red Eyes (Re) And White-Banded Wings (Wb) Are Encoded By Two Mutant Alleles That Are Recessive To Those That Produce Wild-Type Traits (Re+And Wb+); These Two Genes Are On The Same Chromosome. A Moth Homozygous For Red Eyes And White-Banded Wings Is Crossed With A Moth Homozygous For The Wild-Type Traits. The F1 Have Normal Eyes
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In silkmoths (Bombyx mori), red eyes (re) and white-banded wings (wb) are encoded by two mutant alleles that are recessive to those that produce wild-type traits (re+and wb+); these two genes are on the same chromosome. A moth homozygous for red eyes and white-banded wings is crossed with a moth homozygous for the wild-type traits. The F1 have normal eyes and normal wings. The F1 are crossed with moths that have red eyes and white-banded wings in a testcross. The progeny of this testcross are
wild-type eyes, wild-type wings
418
red eyes, wild-type wings
19
wild-type eyes, white-banded wings
16
red eyes, white-banded wings
426
a. What phenotypic proportions would be expected if the genes for red eyes and for white-banded wings were located on different chromosomes?
b. What is the rate of recombination between the genes for red eyes and those for white-banded wings
The phenotypic proportions which would be expected if the genes for red eyes and for white-banded wings were located on different chromosomes are:
(a)
1⁄4 wild-type eyes, wild-type wings1⁄4 red eyes, wild-type wings1⁄4 wild-type eyes, white-banded wings1⁄4 red eyes, white-banded wingsWhat is the distance and rate of recombination?The distance between the genes is four map units.
The rate of recombination between the genes for red eyes and those for white-banded wings is 4%.
(b)
The F1 heterozygote inherited a chromosome with alleles for red eyes and white-banded wings (re wb) from one parent and a chromosome with alleles for wild-type eyes and wild-type wings (re+ wb+) from the other parent. These are therefore the phenotypes of the nonrecombinant progeny, present in the highest numbers. The recombinants are the 19 with red eyes, wild-type wings and 16 with wild-type eyes, and white-banded wings.
RF = recombinants/total progeny × 100% = (19 + 16)/879 × 100% = 4.0%
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What substances directly controls the reaborbtion of water in the collecting duct?
Antidiuretic hormone also known as Vasopressin directly controls the reabsorption of water in the collecting duct.
What do you mean by the Collecting duct?The collecting duct system is the important and final component of the kidney that influences the electrolyte and fluid balance in the body.The collecting duct system is under the control of antidiuretic hormone (ADH). The collecting duct becomes permeable to water due to the presence of ADH. The collecting duct system also help in the regulation of other electrolytes like chloride, potassium, hydrogen ions, and bicarbonate.Antidiuretic hormone helps the kidneys to control the amount of water and salt in the body which in turn helps to control the blood pressure and the amount of urine formed.
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please i need help!!!
Answer:
the answer is d
Explanation:
photosynthesis is a process in plants to produce o2 and energy rich compounds
In a tube of media, what type of microorganism would you expect to find at the very bottom of the media?
In a tube of media, Obligate anaerobes would be found at the very bottom of the media.
These microbes are poisoned by oxygen, so they gather at the bottom of the tube where the oxygen concentration is lowest.
Obligate anaerobes do not possess the defenses that make aerobic life possible and therefore cannot survive in air. The excited singlet oxygen molecule is very reactive. Therefore, superoxide must be removed for the cells to survive in the presence of oxygen.
Microaerophiles will grow in a thin layer below the richly-oxygenated layers.
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There are approximately 4 to 11 ____________ white blood cells per microliter of blood.
There are approximately 4,500 to 11,000 WBCs white blood cells per microliter of blood.
The immune system of the body includes white blood cells. They support the body's defenses against illness and infection.Granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils), monocytes, and lymphocytes are different types of white blood cells (T cells and B cells).Blood typically contains 4,500 to 11,000 WBCs per microliter (4.5 to 11.0 109/L), or WBCs. Different labs may have slightly different normal value ranges. Some laboratories may test various specimens or utilize various metrics. Discuss your test results with your provider.Too many white blood cells typically indicate an infection or inflammatory condition within the body. A high white blood cell count may, less frequently, be a sign of some blood malignancies or bone marrow issues.learn more about white blood cells here: https://brainly.com/question/87658
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Both adult and embryonic stem cells have the potential to be used for medical treatment. Evaluate the potential use of adult and embryonic stem cells as medical treatments. You must contain a justified conclusion
Stem cells are the body's raw materials — cells from which all other cells with specialized functions are generated. Under the right conditions in the body or a laboratory, stem cells divide to form more cells called daughter cells.Research carried out with the use of these cells has demonstrated their effectiveness in the treatment of various diseases, such as leukemia, heart disease and hematological diseases. Embryonic stem cells, in turn, have the ability to form any tissue in the body.
How are embryonic stem cells used?Stem cells have the ability to differentiate and self-renew. For this reason, they can be used in the treatment of degenerative diseases. Stem cells stand out for their ability to transform into different cell types, that is, they are cells with a great capacity for differentiation.
What diseases could be treated with the use of Embryonic Stem Cells?Diseases that can be treated with stem cellsleukemias. Leukemia is a generic term used to describe the “cancer” of leukocytes, the white blood cells. Thalassemias. Neuroblastoma.Primary immunodeficiencies.Sideroblastic anemia. Metabolic diseases. Sickle cell anemia.With this information, we can conclude that Scientists are also working on ways to develop stem cells from other cells, using genetic “reprogramming” techniques.
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Both adult and embryonic stem cells have the potential to be used for medical treatment because adult stem cells are also found in a undifferentiated state.
What are embryonic stem cells?The embryonic stem cells are specific non-specialized cells found in the blastocyst (embryo state) which can be stimulated to generate virtually any tissue.
Moreover, adult stem cells are nonspecialized cells found after the postnatal period which can be stimulated to divide and produce any tissue (similarly to embryonic stem cells).
In conclusion, both adult and embryonic stem cells have the potential to be used for medical treatment because adult stem cells are also found in a undifferentiated state.
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How many atp molecules are consumed in the hexose stage of glycolysis for every one molecule of glucose?
Three ATP molecules are consumed in the hexose stage of glycolysis for every one molecule of glucose.
What is glycolysis?The metabolic process that turns glucose into pyruvic acid is known as glycolysis. The high-energy molecules adenosine triphosphate and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide are created using the free energy released during this process. A series of ten enzyme-catalyzed processes make up glycolysis.The process by which glucose is broken down to provide energy is known as glycolysis. There is no need for oxygen throughout the process, which occurs in the cytoplasm of a cell. Both aerobic and anaerobic creatures experience it.The initial process in breaking down glucose to release energy for cellular metabolism is called glycolysis. An energy-consuming phase and an energy-releasing phase make up glycolysis.Learn more about glycolysis here:
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Why does a coastal area have less variation in temperature than a noncoastal area?
• Temperatures feel cool all year round due to the duration of daylight.
• Temperatures change from warm to cool depending on the season.
• The temperatures on land change more rapidly than temperatures on water.
O The air is warm because warm water moves from the equator to the poles.
The temperatures on land change more rapidly than temperatures on water.
1-The air above sand warms up and rises during the day because the land heats up more quickly than the sea, while the cool air above the water travels towards the land to take its place.
2- During the night, the land cools more quickly than the sea, which causes hot air above the sea to rise and be replaced by cool air above the land. Therefore, the temperature on land changes more quickly than temperature on water
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Which of the following is a high-heat, high red-spectrum lighting choice?
High heat lighting is that with the lowest number of degrees Kelvin and high red spectrum is generally defined as radiation with wavelengths between 600 and 700 nm.
What is warm lighting?Warm light is the one with the fewest degrees Kelvin, typically around 2,700K, bringing in light that is pulled yellow.
What is red spectrum light?Red light is generally defined as radiation with wavelengths between 600 and 700 nm. Although red light has a low luminous efficiency, which means the light appears relatively dim to people, it has a high relative quantum efficiency and is highly absorbed by the red-absorbing (PR) form of phytochrome.
With this information, we can conclude that red light has a low luminous efficiency, which means the light appears relatively dim to people.
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