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Answer:
colles' fracture is a bone injury.
Explanation:
A colles' fracture is a type of fracture of the distal forearm in which the broken end of the radius is bent backwards.
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Related Questions
Plants use solar energy to produce __ for their cells.
A. ADP
B. carbon dioxide
C. chemical energy
D. electrical energy
Answers
Answer:
C. chemical energy
Explanation:
In photosynthesis, solar energy is harvested and converted to chemical energy in the form of glucose using water and carbon dioxide. Oxygen is released as a byproduct.
Please need an answer.
Internal gestation followed by live birth is an evolutionary development most likely driven by which of the following?
A) The need to give birth and reproduce on dry land where eggs could dry out
B) The eggs' inability to acquire nutrients to grow complex animals
C) Environmental conditions caused eggs to over-absorb dangerous molecules from the environment.
D) The threat of predators to eat eggs.
* D is not correct answer
Answers
Internal gestation followed by live birth is an evolutionary development most likely driven by D) The threat of predators to eat eggs.
What are evolutionary development and adaptive features?Evolutionary development is a term used to indicate how natural selection tends to favor embryo development in regard to certain features that increase adaptive fitness, i.e the differential survival rate and also the differential reproductive rate.
Moreover, adaptive features make reference to all features aimed at increasing the survival rate of an individual under particular environmental conditions such as the survival of mammals that are located in terrestrial environments (i.e., in the land).
Therefore, with this data, we can see that evolutionary development and adaptive features are associated with the survival and differential reproduction rate of mammals through the process of internal gestation which is aimed at increasing the adaptive fitness of species.
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Where do cells come from?
A. the nucleus
B. spontaneous generation
C. other cells
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
Cells come from other cells. Specifically, cells can be produced through a process called cell division, in which a parent cell divides into two or more daughter cells. There are two main types of cell division: mitosis and meiosis.
During mitosis, a parent cell divides into two identical daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. This process is important for the growth and repair of tissues in the body.
During meiosis, a parent cell divides into four non-identical daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. This process is important for sexual reproduction, as it produces the sperm and egg cells that are necessary for the creation of a new organism.
In summary, cells are produced through the process of cell division, which can occur through either mitosis or meiosis.
Answer:
The answer is C: other cells.
All cells come from other pre-existing cells. Cells divide through processes of mitosis and meiosis (depending on if it is a somatic or a zygote cell).
Put the following events in order to describe the effects of light exposure on the retina. Start with rhodopsin absorbing light, and finish with ganglion cells firing action potentials.
Rank the options below. 1. Opsin triggers signaling cascade in outer segment of rod cells
2. Cis-retinal isomerizes to trans-retinal 3. Bipolar cells detect changes in glutamate release 4. Glutamate release from rod cells decreases 5. Ganglion cells fire action potentials 6. Rhodopsin absorbs light
Answers
Rhodopsin absorbs light, Cis-retinal isomerizes to trans-retinal,
Opsin triggers signaling cascade in outer segment of rod cells,
Glutamate release from rod cells decreases, Bipolar cells detect changes in glutamate release and Ganglion cells fire action potentials is the order for the effects of light exposure on the retina
The eye has highly sophisticated processes for adapting to light, and it has a number of defenses against exposure to specific types of light, but continuous or strong exposure kills photoreceptor cells, leading to retinal degeneration and blindness.A condition known as solar retinopathy is brought on by prolonged exposure to high-intensity visible light, such as when staring directly at the sun.
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. all of the following are characteristics of genomic instability in cancer cells except . view available hint(s)for part a . all of the following are characteristics of genomic instability in cancer cells except . chromosomal translocations controlled cell division chromosomal deletions dna amplification
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All of the following are characteristics of genomic instability in cancer cells except controlled cell division, which suggests that option B is the right answer.
Cancer cells are those cells which show abnormal growth of certain tissues and cells which multiply and form tumor. Genomic instability can initiate cancer, augment progression, and influence the overall prognosis of the affected patient. Rapid cell division alone is not evidence of genomic instability. Genomic instability is the tendency of the cells to go under mutations, due to which the gene sequence of the DNA molecule tends to change. It causes growth of abnormal cells. Genome stability is essential to accurately transmit all genetic information to progeny.
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In our environment, heat transfer is always from the _____________object to the ______________object. Heat transfers to and through so me materials better than others.
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The overall direction of heat transfer is from the higher-temperature object to the lower-temperature object.
Where does the heat move after leaving? From the higher-temperature item to the lower-temperature object is the general direction of heat transfer.From the lower-temperature item to the higher-temperature object is the general direction of heat transfer.Energy is transferred from a warmer to a cooler object through the phenomenon of heat.Radiation, conduction, and convection are the three methods by which heat is transmitted into and through the atmosphere.Heat is transferred from the Earth's surface to the atmosphere through convection, radiation, and conduction.Since air is a poor conductor, the majority of energy transmission by conduction takes place very close to the Earth's surface.Just a few centimeters into the atmosphere, conduction immediately affects air temperature.To learn more about heat transfer refer
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what amino acids would be aligned from the following m-RNA strand?
A U G G C G G A A
Answers
Answer:
Methionine, Alanine, Glutamic acid
Within the cell many chemical reactions that, by themselves, require energy input (have a positive free energy change) con occur because the reactions A. may be coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP B. take place very slowly C. take place when the cells are at unusually high temperatures D. are catalyzed by enzymes E. are aided by various metal ions that act as catalysts
Answers
As stated in the preceding statement The decomposition of ATP can be connected with a variety of chemical events within the cell, many of which need energy input on their own.
What are cells, and how do they differ?Like in the case of bacteria & protozoans, a cell can be an entire organism in and of itself. In multicellular creatures like higher plants and animals, specialized cell groups are arranged into tissues and organs. Eukaryotes and cellular structures are two different kinds of cells.
Which cell is the smallest?The parasitic bacteria Mycoplasma gallicepticum, which inhabits the respiratory, genital, and urinary systems of primates, is considered to be the tiniest known creature capable of autonomous development and reproduction. Hpv is the name of the cell used in the study.
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if the amount of food or resources available increases, the carrying capacity for an animal; which is an accurate description of the growth of a natural animal population?
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Carrying capacity is defined as the average population size of a species in a given environment. Environmental factors such as adequate food, shelter, water, and mates limit the species population size.
If these requirements are not met, the population will decline until the resources recover.
If a species' population surpasses its carrying capacity, the ecosystem may become unfit for survival.
If the population outnumbers the carrying capacity for an extended period of time, resources may be depleted completely. If all resources are depleted, populations may perish.
Carrying capacity, or the greatest number of people that an ecosystem can support over time without harming or deteriorating it, is controlled by three essential factors: food supply, water availability, and space.2
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What are the correct definitions for the medical terms underlined below? Laboratory Data:Significant for increased LFTs, hypoalbuminemia, and hyperbilirubinemia.A)LFTs = liver function testsHypoalbuminemia: hypo (over) + albumin (albumin) + emia (blood condition) = too much albumin in the bloodHyperbilirubinemia: hyper (under) + bilirubin (bilirubin) + emia (blood condition) = not enough bilirubin in the bloodB)LFTs = liver function testsHypoalbuminemia: hypo (over) + albumin (albumin) + emia (urine condition) = too much albumin in the urineHyperbilirubinemia: hyper (under) + bilirubin (bilirubin) + emia (urine condition) = not enough bilirubin in the urineC)LFTs = liver function testsHypoalbuminemia: hypo (under) + albumin (albumin) + emia (blood condition) = not enough albumin in the bloodHyperbilirubinemia: hyper (over) + bilirubin (bilirubin) + emia (blood condition) = too much bilirubin in the bloodD)LFTs = liver function tests
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Significant for elevated LFTs, hypoalbuminemia, and hyperbilirubinemia in laboratory data. LFTs are abbreviated for liver function testing. Hypoalbuminemia is defined as: hypo (under) + albumin (albumin) + emia (blood condition) = insufficient albumin in the blood.
Enlarge. A guaiac fecal occult blood test (FOBT) examines the stool for occult (hidden) blood. Small stool samples are placed on a special card and sent to a doctor or laboratory for testing.
Clinical significance (also known as practical significance) is a term used in medicine to describe a result where a course of treatment had genuine and quantifiable effects. In general, statistical significance is assigned to a result when it is determined that an event is unlikely to have occurred by chance.
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a device used to move heat from one fluid to another without direct physical contact of the fluids.
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Heat is transferred between fluids via heat exchangers, which do not blend or mix the fluids.
What does it mean when heat moves from one fluid to another?Convection is the transfer of heat through a fluid, like water or air. Heat is transferred together with the fluid (liquid or gas) as it flows from one place to another. Currents are the movements of hot masses of water or air.
What's the name of the thing that moves heat from one thing to another?A heat exchanger, simply put, is a device that moves heat from one medium to another. For instance, a hydraulic oil cooler will remove heat from hot oil by using cold water or air.
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Describe the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, including each of the enzyme catalyzed steps and metabolic intermediates. Be sure to include what goes into the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and what comes out of it. Also mention where it occurs within the cell.
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The three distinct enzymes that make up the pyruvate dehydrogenase are dihydrolipoyl transacetylase, pyruvate dehydrogenase, and dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase.
The three enzymes that make up the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex transform pyruvate into acetyl-CoA through a process known as pyruvate decarboxylation.
This complex connects the glycolysis metabolic route to the citric acid cycle by using acetyl-CoA to conduct out cellular respiration in the citric acid cycle.
As the two main groups of the superfamily of 2-oxo acid dehydrogenase complexes with diverse component assemblies and interactions, bacterial (Escherichia coli) and human PDCs are compared here.
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which of the following characteristics best support using yeast cells instead of bacterial cells to express mammalian proteins via cloning?
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The characteristics that best support using yeast cells to express mammalian proteins via cloning instead of bacterial cells is that they are eukaryotic cells.
Protein production is a process to generate a certain protein by the manipulation of gene expression in an organism. For mammals, the host that's generally used for protein production is yeasts.
Yeasts are unicellular eukaryotic microbes that are easy to be manipulated genetically. They have similar synthetic machinery to the native human source cells in many ways. They are also quick and relatively cheap to grow and process. The species that are generally used are S. cerevisiae or Pichia pastoris as they allow stable and lasting production.
The question above seems incomplete, but most likely the completed version is as follows:
Which of the following characteristics best support using yeast cells instead of bacterial cells to express mammalian proteins via cloning?
They easily form colonies.
They can grow on solid or liquid media.
They do not have plasmids.
They are eukaryotic cells.
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The McGregor Corporation makes four different varieties of their brand of Maxim cereal. These varieties are Maxim corn flakes, Maxim raisin bran, Maxim honey clusters, and Maxim brown sugar and oats cereal. McGregor Corp. has used a _____ with its Maxim cereal brand. a. line extension approach b. multibranding approach c. brand extension approach d. franchise extension approach. A line ectenson approach
Answers
There are four main types of Maxim cereal produced by the McGregor Corporation. Maxim cereal, Maxim raisins bran, Maxim nectar cluster, or Maxim brown honey and oats cereal are among these varieties. The line extension strategy was adopted by McGregor Corp.
By using the brand name of an existing product to launch a new, somewhat different product within the same product category, a corporation develops a brand line extension. Maxim cereal, Maxim raisins bran, Maxim nectar cluster, or Maxim brown honey and oats cereal are among these varieties. The line extension strategy was adopted by McGregor Corp. One line extension of a brand name CokeTM is Diet CokeTM. When a parent brand introduces a new line of products in a market where its customers are already familiar with it, this is known as a line extension. The addition of new flavors to a soft drink company's current drink selection is a prime illustration of a line expansion. The introduction of Diet Coke by Coca-Cola in 1982 is the most well-known instance of a line extension. It was employed to market segments that were becoming more calorie and weight sensitivity.
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please choose all of the statements that are true regarding transcription and translation in prokaryotes.
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The statements that are true regarding transcription and translation in prokaryote
Prokaryotes and eukaryotes both engage in transcription and translation; but, in eukaryotic cells, these processes occur at distinct locations than in prokaryote cells Prokaryotic cells do not go through the considerable processing that occurs in eukaryotic cells before the mRNA is prepared for translation.Transcription and translation are independent processes that happen in eukaryotic cells; transcription happens in the nucleus, while translation happens in the cytoplasm. Transcription and translation are ongoing processes in prokaryotic cells that both take place in the cytoplasm. Prokaryotes but not eukaryotes have continuous transcription and translation processes.
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How do you humans get the nitrogen they need
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Nitrogen is present in 78% of the atmosphere's gases and makes up a major portion. Humans obtain nitrogen from plant sources. So the last option D is correct regarding the statement.
How does nitrogen enter the human body?The majority of the atmospheric gas is nitrogen, but it cannot be breathed and absorbed by the human body. The nitrogen that is present in the plants' sources gets into animals and humans by eating them. Nitrogen is required for protein synthesis in the body, so the animals get the nitrogen from these plants, and after they deplete it, it further goes into the soil and atmosphere.
Hence, humans obtain nitrogen from plant sources. So the last option D is correct regarding the statement.
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Transcribe to RNA: Imagine you are RNA polymerase (an enzyme that uses a DNA template to make messenger RNA). Use the above strand you just wrote as your
template.
Write the code for the mRNAs:
RNA sequence normal
RNA sequence sickle
Again use the format:
xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx
# is either 3 or 5. X is either A, G, C, Tor U
xxxXxxXxXxXxXx #
Answers
Through transcription, a new molecule of mRNA is synthetizes using the DNA template strand. Normal mRNA: 5' AUG GUG CAC CUG ACU CCU GAG GAG AAG UCU GCC GUU ACU 3'. Sickle-cell mRNA: 5' AUG GUG CAC CUG ACU CCU GUG GAG AAG UCU GCC GUU ACU 3'
What is transcription?
Transcription is the process through which mRNA is synthesized from a segment of the DNA template strand. This event occurs in the nucleus, and polymerase is in charge of adding the correct nucleotides to complement the bases.
Now, what we need to do is toe write the correct mRNA for each DNA of the strands.
Let us remember that
the original strand is the coding one and grows in 5' to 3' directionthe complementary strand is the template one and grows in 3' to 5' directionTo build mRNA we need to use the template strand (the complementary).
DNA Sequence (normal):
5' ATG GTG CAC CTG ACT CCT GAG GAG AAG TCT GCC GTT ACT 3'
3' TAC CAC GTG GAC TGA GGA CTC CTC TTC AGA CGG CAA TGA 5'
mRNA sequence (normal)
5' AUG GUG CAC CUG ACU CCU GAG GAG AAG UCU GCC GUU ACU 3'
DNA Sequence (sickle-cell):
5' ATG GTG CAC CTG ACT CCT GTG GAG AAG TCT GCC GTT ACT 3'
3 TAC CAC GTG GAC TGA GGA CAC CTC TTC AGA CGG CAA TGA 5'
mRNA sequence (sickle-cell)
5' AUG GUG CAC CUG ACU CCU GUG GAG AAG UCU GCC GUU ACU 3'
So, the mRNAs molecules are as follows
normal mRNA5' AUG GUG CAC CUG ACU CCU GAG GAG AAG UCU GCC GUU ACU 3'
sickle-cell mRNA5' AUG GUG CAC CUG ACU CCU GUG GAG AAG UCU GCC GUU ACU 3'
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most viral in the capsid or envelope are composed of glycoproteins and are used to attach to cells.
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Most viral in the spikes capsid or envelope are composed of glycoproteins and are used to attach to cells.
What are glycoproteins used for?
The immune system is one of many physiological processes that are affected by glycoproteins, which are molecules made up of protein and carbohydrate chains. Many viruses have glycoproteins that aid in their ability to penetrate host cells, and which can also be useful therapeutic or prophylactic targets.
What function do glycoproteins provide in a cell membrane?
Glycoproteins carry out essential structural and metabolic tasks. Cell-cell recognition is the ability for cells to identify if another cell is familiar or foreign. In a process known as cell adhesion, they also assist cells in binding and attaching to one another.
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based on figure 1, which of the following statements best describes the epinephrine signaling pathway?
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based on figure 1, the following statements best describes the epinephrine signaling pathway In involves enzymes activating other enzymes. It involves the activation of additional enzymes by enzymes.
Adrenergic receptors are connected to a Gs signaling pathway that boosts intracellular cAMP, just like the glucagon receptor is. Through the Gq/IP3/DAG signaling pathway and the 1 adrenergic receptor, epinephrine also stimulates glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis. The epinephrine signal transduction route is a typical illustration of a signal pathway that makes use of this kind of receptor. The adrenal glands located above the kidneys secrete epinephrine, which binds to a unique 7TM receptor known as the beta-adrenergic receptor.
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Determining the expected frequency of each genotype Considering the same population of cats as in Part A, what is the expected frequency of each genotype (T^LT^L, T^LT^S, T^ST^S) based on the equation for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? Keep in mind that you just learned in Part A that: The allele frequency of T^L is 0.4. The allele frequency of T^S is 0.6. The equation for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium states that at a locus with two alleles, as in this cat population, the three genotypes will occur in specific proportions: p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1 Enter the values for the expected frequency of each genotype T^LT^L, T^LT^S, and T^ST^S. Enter your answer numerically to two decimal places, not as percentage. For help applying the Hardy-Weinberg equation to this cat population
Answers
Hardy-Weinberg states that the allelic frequencies in a locus are denoted by the letters p for the allelic dominant form and q for the allelic recessive forms . is 0.16
These allelic frequencies add up to one, or p + q = 1.
Hardy-Weinberg Similar to how the total of genotypic frequencies is 1, p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1.
Being
the homozygous dominant genotypic frequency, q the recessive allelic frequency, and p2 the dominant allelic frequency
q2 the genotypic frequency of homozygous recessive mutations
2pq the genotypic frequency of heterozygotes
TL will be assumed to be the dominant allele and TS to be the recessive one.
Each genotype's expected frequency (F) is as follows: F(TLTL) = p2 = 0.42= 0.16
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Gregor Mendel crossed homozygous tall plants (TT) with homozygous short plants (tt). All the resulting offspring were tall. From these results, what conclusion did Mendel draw?
Tallness is a dominant trait.
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Gregor Mendel crossed homozygous tall plants (TT) with the homozygous short plants (tt). All the resulting offspring were tall where Tallness is a dominant trait.
A gene region where there are two identical alleles present. Two alleles with the same variation or two alleles that are normal can both be present in a homozygous genotype.a gene region where there are two distinct alleles present. One normal allele and one mutated allele, or two distinct mutated alleles, can make up a heterozygous genotype.As a result of having one "T" allele, each progeny is a tall plant. This is so that a plant with one "t" allele and one "T" allele will only exhibit the properties of the "T" allele, which in this case is a tall pea plant, since the "T" allele is dominant over the "t" allele.
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which of the following would be considered environmental factors that could affect a quantitative trait?
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The expression of an animal's genes ultimately determines its phenotype, which is influenced by environmental factors like as nutrition, temperature, oxygen levels, humidity, light cycles, and the presence of mutagens.
Because of alterations in the environment, as well as the physiological and morphological changes brought on by ageing, an individual's phenotype may change continuously throughout their lifetime. As the availability of food, for example, affects size, different environments can both change the expression of similar genotypes and impact how inherited features develop (for example, twins maturing in dissimilar families). Natural selection, which initially affects individuals and favors the survival of those creatures with phenotypes most adapted to their existing settings, is based on the effect of the environment in nature.
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what are the chances of two individuals having a child with tay-sachs if both individuals are not of ashkenazi or french-canadian descent? enter your answer using scientific notation. for the multiplication symbol, use an asterisk (*).
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The chances of two individuals having a child with Tay-Sachs if both individuals are not of Ashkenazi or french-Canadian descent are 2.77 * 10⁻⁶.
A rare genetic condition that can be passed from parent to child is Tay-Sachs disease. The absence of an enzyme that aids in the breakdown of fatty substances is the cause. Gangliosides are fatty substances that have an impact on nerve cell function and accumulate toxic levels in the brain and spinal cord.
if both individuals are from the general population, then the probability of the child being affected will be,
= 1/4 * 1/300 * 1/300
= 1/360000
= 2.77 * 10⁻⁶
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(complete question)
In the general population, 1 in 300 individuals is a carrier for Tay-Sachs disease, while 1 in 30 individuals of Ashkenazi Jew descent are carriers. Tay-Sachs also affects 1 in 30 individuals with French-Canadian ancestry, although two completely unique mutations are responsible for the Ashkenazi and French-Canadian mutations. What are the chances of two individuals having a child with Tay-Sachs if both individuals are not of Ashkenazi or French-Canadian descent? Enter your answer using scientific notation. For the multiplication symbol, use an asterisk ).
write a brief explanation as to why a diversity index should be used instead of just species richness
Answers
A diversity index should be used instead of just species richness because diversity indices provide more information about community composition than simply species richness
Which indicator, and why, is the most trustworthy for estimating ecological diversity?
The relative abundances of various species are taken into account by diversity indices, which offer more information regarding community composition than merely species richness (i.e., the number of species present).
Diversity indices offer crucial details on the rarity and prevalence of species in a community. For biologists attempting to understand community organisation, the capability to quantify diversity in this manner is a crucial tool.
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place the appropriate words and descriptions with the picture with the correct highlighted digestive accessory organ.
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The teeth, tongue, and glandular organs such the pancreas, liver, gallbladder, and salivary glands are examples of digestive accessory organs. The digestive system processes food mechanically and aids in digestion.
The processes of ingestion, digestion, and absorption are assisted by the pancreas, liver, and gall bladder. These digestive accessory organs are crucial to the digestion process. Each of these organs secretes or stores chemicals that enter the alimentary canal through ducts. digestive accessory organs or structures provide physical assistance during digestion and secrete substances that help break down food in the GI tract.
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Why are dogs more sensitive to smells than humans because?; Do dogs have a better sense of smell than humans?; Why do animals have a better sense of smell than humans?; How many types of olfactory receptors do dogs have?
Answers
Dog noses do more than just sniff the roses. Dogs use their senses of sight and scent to navigate their environment and interact with others, whereas humans rely solely on their eyesight.
Olfactory information is not as time-consuming to interpret as visual information. Dogs are the complete opposite. Dogs are thought to have a sense of smell that is 1,000–10,000 times greater than that of humans. Dogs put a lot of effort into interpreting odors. Compared to 6 million in humans, they have more than 100 million olfactory receptor sites in the nasal cavity, and the canine brain's olfactory cortex is around 40 times bigger than the same region in the human brain.
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Which macromolecule provides the blueprint for living things by storing and transmitting genetic information?; What macromolecule serves as the storage and transmission of genetic information?; What type of molecule is the blueprint of living organisms?; Which Nucleic acid is the blueprint?
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list the various ways that human activites can adversely affect ocean ecosystems and describe each one briefly
Answers
Human emissions have the ability to disturb ocean ecosystems by importing chemicals in quantities that have a detrimental effect on the animals that make up the ecosystem. Its actions involve removing pleasant and enjoyable effects.
What would be species in plain English?A species is a group of organisms made up of similar individuals that are capable of genetic recombination or gene exchange. The most fundamental unit of categorization in biology is the species, which also serves as a phylogenetic rank. The following taxonomic level in the biological classification scheme is a genus.
What eight different species are there?Homo soloensis, Homo identified or identifiable natural person, Homo following responses, Homo rudolfensis, Homo erectus, Home erectus, Homo represented, and Homo sapiens were the several forms of human species. Only one of those eight human animal has persisted: human beings
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life is the existence of an individual human or animal life is being survival. according to biology life is defined as a characteristic of a living organism that distinguishes the latter from a dead organism or a non-living thing, as specifically distinguished by the capacity to grow, metabolize, respond (to stimuli), adapt, and reproduce. life may also pertain to the biota of a particular region
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Life's defining characteristics are the capacity to procreate, grow, and develop. The ideas of biological control and homeostasis maintenance are crucial to survival and define important aspects of existence.
What does biology say about the meaning of life?A living object has life when it has the ability to grow, metabolize, respond to stimuli, adapt, and reproduce. This ability sets a living thing apart from a dead thing or a non-living thing.
What traits distinguish biological life?Big Ideas: All living organisms share a few characteristics, including cellular organization, the capacity for reproduction, growth and development, energy usage, homeostasis, and the capacity for adaptation.
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Michael Domjan's sexual conditioning studies with quail demonstrate that classical conditioning is highly adaptive because it helps animals _____ and _____.
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Michael Domjan's sexual conditioning studies with quail demonstrate that classical conditioning is highly adaptive because it helps animals survive and reproduce.
One of the best known examples of classical conditioning may be Pavlov's experiments on domestic dogs. Russian behaviorist Ivan Pavlov noticed that the smell of meat made his dogs drool. He began to ring a bell just before introducing the meat.Classical conditioning is biologically adaptive because it builds learned reflexes to different environmental stimuli off of biological, unlearned ones and so adapts to its environment.The principles of classical conditioning are:
Acquisition - The first step, repeated exposure to stimulus eventually causes a conditioned response.
Extinction - When the conditioned response goes away.
Spontaneous recovery - When the conditioned response goes extinct and then comes back.
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