What happens when vagus nerve is stimulated?
Vagus nerve stimulation stabilizes aberrant electrical activity in the brain by stimulating the vagus nerve with the help of an implanted pulse generator and lead wire. Anti-seizure medications don't completely work for about one-third of epilepsy patients.Why is vagus nerve stimulation used?
Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) uses the vagus nerve to provide regular, gentle electrical pulses to the brain in an effort to prevent or decrease seizure activity. The procedure involves implanting a device under the skin in the left chest area.Learn more about vagus nerve stimulation
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Plant domestication occurred in north america by 10,000 years ago and included important cereal grains such as wheat, barley, and oats
a. True
b. False
The given statement is false that Plant domestication occurred in north america by 10,000 years ago and included important cereal grains such as wheat, barley, and oats.
The process of modifying wild plants and animals for human use is known as domestication. Between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in Mesopotamia, people first tamed plants some 10,000 years ago (which includes the modern countries of Iran, Iraq, Turkey, and Syria).
In Mesopotamia, wheat, barley, lentils, and many kinds of peas were among the first domesticated plants. The development of agriculture and more durable civilizations began with the domestication of plants, which was a significant turning point for human history. It was no longer necessary for humans to go in search of game and plants to harvest for food.
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Atresia is an inflammatory condition of the cervix.
a. true
b. false
Atresia is an inflammatory condition of the cervix. - FALSE
A total blockage or obstruction of the intestine anywhere is referred to as intestinal atresia.When the intestines don't receive enough blood during development, intestinal atresia may result. This results in the damaged intestine developing scars or maybe being reabsorbed. A congenital condition that affects a portion of the small intestine, the tube that connects the stomach to the large intestine and aids in food digestion, is known as small bowel atresia, also known as intestinal atresia.Whereas, Cervicitis is an enlargement or inflammation of the uterine endometrium (cervix). The most common cause is an infection, however other potential causes include chemical exposure or the presence of a foreign body.learn more about inflammation here: https://brainly.com/question/12885835
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What problem might the ceo expect if the company switches to a modular structure?
Making decisions at a decentralized level could undermine economies of scale and decrease business efficiency.
Making decisions at a decentralized level could undermine economies of scale and decrease business efficiency. Organizations that succeed integrate constant horizontal communication and issue resolution into their organizational culture. With centralization, an organization, or at least its top levels, can regulate the actions of lower-level workers to ensure that they are in line with its objectives. Top managers can establish a comprehensive perspective of operations and implement strict financial controls thanks to centralization. In a highly decentralized company, decision-making power is delegated to lower-level employees, who thus have more responsibility and authority to make and carry out choices.learn more about decentralized here: https://brainly.com/question/27661901
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How is an agglutination reaction different from a precipitin reaction?
Cells clump together during a process called agglutination as a result of the accumulation of antigens and antibodies.
Immune complexes are created when soluble antigens are brought together by the appropriate antibody molecules, and they become visible when they are big enough to precipitate out of the solution.
The interaction between antibody molecules and the associated antigen molecules causes both agglutination and precipitation processes. Agglutination, on the other hand, is the clumping of cells that occurs when one antibody binds several antigens at once. Contrarily, precipitation occurs when soluble antigens and soluble antibodies interact to form a clear, insoluble substance known as the precipitate.Agglutination takes place when a target antigen, also known as isoagglutinin, interacts with a corresponding antibody in the presence of an electrolyte at the right temperature and pH, leading to the development of apparent clumps or aggregates. Precipitation happens when an electrolyte, an antigen, and a soluble antigen interact at the right temperature and pH to create cross-links or precipitates that sink to the bottom of the solution.learn more about agglutination here: https://brainly.com/question/13022582
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In animal cells, glycolysis occurs in the __________.
a, nucleus.
b. inner mitochondrial membrane.
c. cytosol.
d. mitochondrial matrix.
e. outer mitochondrial membrane.
Zebrafish have been genetically engineered to glow in the dark. What can be gained from research like this? (3 points)
More knowledge of fish population dynamics
Increased understanding of how fish reproduce
Increased understanding of feeding behaviors
Knowledge about how genes work in vertebrates
The knowledge that can be gained from this is Knowledge about how genes work in vertebrates. Option D
What is genetic engineering?Genetic engineering has to do with the procedure by which the genetic composition of an organism is modified. This is often carried out in a laboratory so as to produce new species of an organism or for scientific research purpose. We know that interaction of genes is determined by Mendelian genetics and the patterns of inheritance have been the constant subject of study.
As such, if a Zebrafish have been genetically engineered to glow in the dark, the knowledge that can be gained from this is knowledge about how genes work in vertebrates. We know that fish is an aquatic vertebrate because it possesses back bone as does other vertebrates (presence of vetebral column).
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The mixed cranial nerve that projects to and from internal organs, muscles, and glands is the ________ nerve.
The mixed cranial nerve that projects to and from internal organs, muscles, and glands is the vagus nerve.
The longest and most intricate of the cranial nerves is the vagus nerve, commonly known as the X or 10th cranial nerve. The vagus nerve travels from the brain to the belly through the face and thorax. The nerve is mixed and has parasympathetic fibres.
Because it has both afferent (sensory) and efferent (motor) fibres, the vagus nerve is a mixed nerve. This means that in addition to sending motor impulses to the organs it innervates, it is also in charge of returning sensory data from these organs to the brain.
Therefore, The mixed cranial nerve that projects to and from internal organs, muscles, and glands is the vagus nerve.
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Terrence is known to be very social and outgoing at parties. he most likely has high levels of what hormone?
a) oxytocin
b) testosterone
c) serotonin
d) dopamine
Terrence is known to be very social and outgoing at parties. He is most likely has high levels of Dopamine hormone.
Although high levels of dopamine is linked to being more competitive, aggressive and having poor impulse control it can also lead to conditions that include ADHD, addiction or over eating.
The chemical formula of the dopamine is C8H11NO2. Dopamine is commonly also known as the "Happy Hormone" it also results in the feeling of well being. Dopamine is also involved in reward, motivation, memory, attention, and even regulation of body movements or mood of the person too.
In the contrast, low levels of dopamine are linked to the reducing of the motivation and decreased enthusiasm for things that will excite most of the people.
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What is the magnitude (amplitude) of an action potential?
a. 30 mv
b. 70 mv
c. 100 mv
The hormone which adjusts the rate of spermatogenesis by negative feedback onto the anterior pituitary is group of answer choices estrogen. lh. testosterone. fsh. inhibin.
The hormone which adjusts the rate of spermatogenesis by negative feedback onto the anterior pituitary is Inhibin.
A negative feedback loop involving the hormones that control the male reproductive system helps to maintain adequate amounts of testosterone and sperm.The anterior pituitary gland's gonadotropic cells produce and secrete FSH, which promotes spermatogenesis.Inhibin While the location of production in the adult testis is still debatable, it is solely produced by the testis, primarily by the Sertoli cells in the prepubertal testis. By using a negative feedback mechanism, inhibin B regulates FSH secretion. Rising testosterone levels cause the anterior pituitary and hypothalamus to release inhibin which stops releasing GnRH, FSH, and LH, creating a negative feedback mechanism in males. When the sperm count is high, the Sertoli cells create the hormone inhibin, which is released into the circulation.
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What do all of the enzymes unique to glycolysis and gluconeogenesis have in common?
Answer:
Two key enzymes that regulate irreversible steps in these two processes are pyruvate kinase (PK) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxy kinase (PEPCK), which catalyze the last and first step of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, respectively, and are both regulated by lysine acetylation
Explanation:
hope it will help you
What is the purpose of the G1 and G2 phases?
A. To grow a second cytoplasm before division.
B. They are growth phases to make the cell large enough to divide.
C. To make a copy of the cell's DNA.
D. They are growth phase to make the cell large enough to fight off infection.
Answer:
B.) They are growth phases to make the cell large enough to divide.
Explanation:
In G1, the cell grows in volume and number of organelles. After the DNA has replicated in the S phase, the cell continues to grow in G2. As such, the primary purpose of G1 and G2 is to prepare the cell for replication (division).
They are growth phases to make the cell large enough to divide. Therefore option B is correct.
The G1 (Gap 1) and G2 (Gap 2) phases are critical stages in the cell cycle. During G1, the cell grows and performs its normal functions, while in G2, it prepares for cell division.
The main purpose of these phases is to increase the cell's size and accumulate the necessary organelles and materials for successful cell division.
In G1, the cell ensures it has sufficient resources and energy before proceeding to the next phase, S (Synthesis), where it replicates its DNA.
After G2, the cell enters the final phase, M (Mitosis), where it divides into two daughter cells, each with a complete set of DNA and organelles.
Therefore option B They are growth phases to make the cell large enough to divide is correct.
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Conversion Chart
5 milliliters
=
1 teaspoon
768 teaspoons = 1 gallon
1 gallon = 4 liters
1000 milliliters
=
Calculate the area affected if the following ships were involved in an accident & spilled their oil:
A tanker truck holding 8,000 gallons or 32,000 liter.
A ship holding 300,000 gallons or 1.2 million liters.
A supertanker holding 83,000,000 gallons or 332 million liters.
2. How could an oil spill affect bird nesting near the contaminated body of water?
The area affected by the ship that were involved in an accident is = 333 million liters
An oil spill can affect bird nesting near a contaminated body of water through its food chain.
What is oil spillage?Oil spillage is defined as the release of used or oil wastes into a water body through a tanker, offshore drilling rig, or underwater pipeline.
The area affected by the ship that were involved in an accident can be calculated by the addition of the various areas affected by the tanker, ship and super tanker.
That is, 32,000 + 1,200,000 + 332,000,000
= 333,232,000
Which is approximately 333 million liters.
A bird that is nesting near the contaminated body of water can be affected through its food chain.
This is because birds which depends on fish can eat fish for this contaminated water which must have accumulated some level of harmful organic substances on its body surfaces.
Therefore when eaten by the bird their health would be affected negatively.
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Explain why a proline residue in the middle of an α helix is predicted to be destabilizing to the helical structure.
The reason a proline residue in the middle of an α helix is predicted to be destabilizing to the helical structure is Pro does not have the α−NH group that acts as a stabilizing H-bond donor in the middle of the helix and Pro is not able to adopt the ideal ϕ and ψ angles for an α -helix.
Proline residues are important in the folding, misfolding, and aggregation of proteins [1, 2, 3]. They are essential for achieving proteins' functional state [4]. Prolines are also involved in domain switching [5,6] and the formation of amyloid fibrils from protein aggregation [7,8,9].
Proline residues are abundant in -helices, where they frequently serve crucial roles in the structure and function of the protein. This is evident now that there are over 30,000 protein structures in the Protein Data Bank. Due to its asymmetric geometry and reversible R-group link to the nitrogen of the amide group, proline additionally hinders steric flow and destabilizes -helices. Additionally, Proline's nitrogen cannot participate in hydrogen bonding since it lacks hydrogen.
The complete question is:
Give two reasons to explain why a proline residue in the middle of an α-helix is predicted to be destabilizing to the helical structure.
Chek all that apply.
-Pro does not have the α−NH group that acts as a stabilizing H-bond donor in the middle of the helix.
-Pro is not able to adopt the ideal ϕ and ψ angles for an α -helix.
-Pro is nonpolar amino acid that destabilizes polar core of the protein.
-Pro is nonpolar amino acid that does not connect turns of the α-helix.
-Insertion of Pro gives an exceptional conformational rigidity to the protein chain chain.
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Santa sabina is an excellent example of a(n) __________ or columned hall, based on the form of public buildings in ancient rome.
Santa Sabina is an excellent example of a basilica or columned hall, based on the form of public buildings in ancient Rome.
What is Santa Sabina?Santa Sabina is the oldest Roman basilica in Rome which still preserves its colonnaded rectangular plan and its original architectural style. Its current decor is a restoration to the original austere design. Other basilicas, such as Santa Maria Maggiore, are much more decorated. For its simplicity, Santa Sabina represents the passage from a covered Roman forum to the first churches of Christianity.
What does a basilica mean?The basilica is even more important. According to Houaiss, it is a “catholic church that enjoys, according to canon law, certain privileges: having an altar reserved for the pope, cardinal or patriarch, and not being subject to local ecclesiastical jurisdiction, which gives it international status”.
With this information, we can conclude that Santa Sabina (Basilica Sanctae Sabinae, Basilica di Santa Sabina all'Aventino) is a historic church located on Monte Aventino (rione Ripa) in Rome, Italy
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Select the correct answer. at which phase of the cell cycle does the cytoplasm of a cell divide to form two daughter cells? a. s phase b. m phase c. cytokinesis
Answer:
CytokinesisExplanation:
Cytokinesis is the final step of mitosis, where the fully mature cell that has successfully formed 2 independent nuclei with fully functional cellular bodies divides into 2 identical daughter cells.9.Unicellular algae live in the tissues of coral animals. The algae provide food for the coral, while the coral provides a stable home for the algae. This is an example of
If atp is elevated in cells, what is the effect on the glycolysis pathway in those cells?
Disease that is characterized as having lack of energy and protein is called?
Answer:
Sounds closest to: Kwashiorkor
Explanation:
Kwashiorkor is a disease brought on by severe protein malnourishment. In Kwashiorkor, extended breastfeeding and late, insufficient weaning lead to low calorie intakes but significantly superior biological value. As a result, a kid with kwashiorkor will likely experience compromised organ function and development. Sudden outbreaks of diseases like the measles, gastroenteritis, or pneumonia exacerbate the issue by increasing needs while maintaining low intakes. The kid may exhibit oedema of the face and lower limbs, failure to grow, anorexia, diarrhea, lethargy, dermatosis, flaky-looking skin, scant, soft, and thin hair, angular stomatitis, cheilosis, and anemia as a result of this scenario.
This is a bit similar to Marasmus.
But there is a difference.
But ⇒ how does kwashiorkor and marasmus differ?
Kwashiorkor is predominantly a protein shortage, despite adequate calorie intake. When a youngster is weaned off of protein-rich breast milk, it frequently happens. The patient will show signs of oedema, an enlarged abdomen, and other conditions.
Marasmus is a total energy shortage that causes a body weight that is at least 60% below normal. The victim will only be malnourished.
What hormone is synthesized from molecules of the neurotransmitter serotonin in the pineal gland?
Melatonin hormone is synthesized from molecules of the neurotransmitter serotonin in the pineal gland.
Melatonin is produced from Serotonin which is itself produced by Tryptophan through a series of linked enzymatic reactions.
Melatonin is a hormone produced in response to darkness by the Pineal gland. It helps to maintain the Circadian Rhythm of the body and the Sleep wake cycle.
It plays an important role in regulating the menstrual cycle in females and in integrating the photo periods as well.
It is secreted mainly at the night time.
It is also called as the hormone of Darkness.
Serotonin, on the other hand, is a neurotransmitter (chemical) that carries messages between the nerve in the brain and co-relating them throughout the body.
It plays vital role in sleep, digestion and sexual desire.
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Does the Youth Service Project, or a Civic Organisation, or Community Service Centre help the community?yes\no collaborate
The answer to the question of whether the Youth Service Project, or a Civic Organisation, or Community Service Centre help the community is: Yes, they do help the community.
These are all parts of national integration and community building and development as young citizens are sent to different parts of a nation for a period of time to acclimatize with a different culture
What is a Youth Service Project?This is a national building and integration project that is used to help the community through Community Development Services.
These services can include, but are not limited to:
youth programs, battered women's centers, alcohol and drug rehabilitation centers, etcThese Community Development Services are important in national building efforts as people are rehabilitated into society and basic amenities are provided.
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Conduction of sound from the middle ear to the internal ear occurs via vibration of the?
Conduction of sound from the middle ear to the internal ear occurs via vibration of the Stapes.
Stapes is bone present in the middle ear which is stirrup in shape.
It helps in the transmission of vibrations from the incus of middle ear to the inner ear.
It is the smallest bone in the human body that is present in the middle ear after incus.
It is connected to oval window of the inner ear.
Stapes is less than 3mm in length.
Structure of stapes:
Inferior crusSuperior crusThey help in sending vibrations to the bone.
Malleus, Incus and stapes make up a chain of three bones present in middle ear called Ossicles.
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If methylene blue dye is added to a suspension of yeast cells, any living cells
remain colourless. However, any dead cells are stained blue. This fact was
used to carry out an investigation into the rate at which yeast cells were killed
at two different temperatures (at high temperatures the yeast enzymes will be
denatured)
The correct option is that the higher the temperature of Y the more colorless cells it contains and is denoted as option B.
What is Temperature?This us defined as the degree of hotness or coldness of a body and is dependent on thermal energy.
High temperature will denature yeast as a result of its rich protein content and increasing the temperature will therefore leads to the presence of more colorless cells in Y which are able to act on it.
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How would shoot and root growth be affected by a mutation that caused plants to lose the ability to polymerize glucose into starch granules?
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When protein consumption is in excess of body needs and energy needs are met, the excess amino acids are metabolized and:______.
When protein consumption is in excess of body needs and energy needs are met, the excess amino acids are metabolized and stored fats.
What are proteins?Proteins can simply be defined as those itrogenous organic substances which have large molecules composed of one or more long chains of amino acids
It is one of the major classes of food or source of food energy (4 kcal/gram) abundant in animal-derived foods (ie: meat) and some vegetables, such as legumes.
So therefore, when protein consumption is in excess of body needs and energy needs are met, the excess amino acids are metabolized and stores as fats
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The formation of the contractile rings during cytokinesis are a function of: select one: a. microtubules b. microfilaments c. intermediate filaments d. myosins
Microfilaments forms when the contractile rings during cytokinesis are functioning .
Microfilaments are formed during cytokinesis, the last step of cell division, the contractile ring is composed of filamentous actin (F-actin) and the motor protein myosin-2, along with additional structural and regulatory proteins.
The contractile ring is responsible for cytokinesis in many eukaryotic cell types, and is thought to contribute to cell division by 'squeezing' the cell into two. The contractile ring forms under the surface of the plasma membrane and is linked to the plasma membrane such that, when it constricts, it creates a cleavage furrow that partitions the cell in two.
Hence ,B is correct option
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What are the peak months for nitrate-nitrogen discharge from the mississippi river into the gulf? why do you think this is?
April, May and June are the peak months for nitrate-nitrogen discharge from the mississippi river into the gulf.
At the study sites, the spring (April, May, and June) FN nitrate-nitrogen flow typically comprised 40 and 50 per cent of the total annual FN nitrate-nitrogen flux. Using a new statistical technique, the Conservation Effects Assessment Project considers how nitrate-nitrogen behaviour changes over time. And generates flow-normalized estimates of nitrate concentration and flux unaffected by random variations in streamflow, changes in nitrate concentration and flux between 1980 and 2008 at eight sites in the Mississippi River basin were calculated.
These modifications might have negated the gains made by implementing conservation policies. Although nitrate -nitrogen concentration and flow increases may have been more significant without these strategies, conservation practices may still have had a favourable impact.
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Which structure is highlighted?
a) mesometrium suspensory
b) ligament mesosalpinx
c) round ligament
d) broad ligament
Using the image attached that pertains to the question. The highlighted structure is known to be option d) broad ligament.
What is a broad ligament?The term broad ligament is known to be an aspect or a layer of tissue that is said to function as it links the sides of the uterus to the walls and floor of the pelvis.
Note that The broad ligament is known to be one that is said to covers the uterus, ovaries, and also the fallopian tubes and it is one that is made up of the nerves and also some blood vessels.
The broad ligament is made up of also the visceral and parietal peritoneum that is said to contain both smooth muscle and connective tissue.
Hence, Using the image attached that pertains to the question. The highlighted structure is known to be option d) broad ligament.
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Describe laboratory tests, clinical procedures, and abbreviations related to endocrinology.
Laboratory tests and clinical procedures include:
The blood glucose test and the glycosylated hemoglobin test are tests to identify diabetes and prediabetes (A1c).A glucose tolerance test may be administered to you if you're expecting to check for gestational diabetes.Your thyroid's functionality can be determined by a number of tests, chief among them a TSH measurement.Other examinations can evaluate parathyroid problems.Female hormonal problems can be identified with the aid of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) blood tests.Male hormonal problems can be discovered with tests for total testosterone.Other blood tests measure hormone levels that have an impact on numerous systems, including cortisol, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, DHEA-sulfate, ACTH, aldosterone, vitamin D, PTH, prolactin, and other estrogen analogues.Thyroglobulin (Tg) tests can be used to track thyroid malignancy.What is Endocrinology?•Endocrinology is the study of endocrine glands.
•Endocrine glands are a group of glands in the body which secrete hormones.
•The purpose of the secreted hormones is to evoke a specific response in other cells of the body which are located far away.
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___ phase precedes G2 phase.
