Answer:
Primary and secondary succession both create a continually changing mix of species within communities as disturbances of different intensities, sizes, and frequencies alter the landscape. The sequential progression of species during succession, however, is not random.
a patient has a gene mutation that does not allow hormones to stimulate the activity of enzymes in the fed state. based on push-pull control, which do you expect?
Push-pull control is a phenomenon in which two opposing factors, one that promotes an activity and the other that inhibits it, regulate a metabolic process.
The activity of enzymes is affected by hormones. In the fed state, the hormones glucagon and insulin regulate the activity of enzymes in the liver. Glucagon stimulates gluconeogenesis, while insulin promotes glycolysis. As a result, in the fed state, glucose is utilized, glycogen is synthesized, and fatty acids are stored.
This condition is most likely to result in the development of insulin resistance or other metabolic disorders such as diabetes. In the absence of hormonal control, the enzymes will not be activated properly, leading to impaired metabolic activity. As a result, the metabolic rate will be decreased, causing a decline in overall health.
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identify the structure of the oropharynx that prevents food and liquids from entering the respiratory passages during swallowing.
The oropharynx is a part of the pharynx, which is the back of the throat. This structure is made up of several structures that work together to prevent food and liquids from entering the respiratory passages during swallowing. The oropharynx is made up of the soft palate, the uvula, the palatine tonsils, and the pharyngeal tonsils.
The soft palate is a muscular flap that hangs down from the back of the roof of the mouth. It moves up and back during swallowing to close off the nasal cavity, preventing food and liquids from entering. The uvula is a small, fleshy, finger-shaped piece of tissue that hangs from the back of the soft palate. It helps to prevent food and liquids from entering the respiratory passages by sealing off the space between the soft palate and the tongue.
The palatine tonsils are two small, round masses of lymphatic tissue located on either side of the back of the throat. They help to trap bacteria and other foreign particles that may be inhaled through the nose or mouth. The pharyngeal tonsils, also known as adenoids, are located in the upper part of the throat behind the nose. They help to trap bacteria and other foreign particles that may be inhaled through the nose.The oropharynx is also lined with a layer of mucus, which helps to trap and remove any foreign particles that may enter the respiratory passages.
Additionally, the muscles of the oropharynx work together to move food and liquids down the esophagus and into the stomach, preventing them from entering the respiratory passages.
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calculate how many rbcs and how many nucleated cells per cubic millimeter of fluid. express these in whole numbers.
The number of red blood cells (RBCs) and nucleated cells per cubic millimeter of fluid can vary depending on the type of fluid and the specific situation or condition being considered.
For example, in a normal healthy adult, the average range for RBC count is typically around 4.5 to 5.5 million RBCs per microliter of blood. However, this value may differ for other body fluids or in specific medical conditions.
Similarly, the number of nucleated cells can vary depending on the type of fluid being analyzed. In blood, for instance, nucleated cells are relatively rare, as most mature blood cells, including RBCs, do not have nuclei. However, in certain conditions such as leukemia or bone marrow disorders, an increased number of nucleated cells may be present in the blood. Therefore, to calculate the number of RBCs and nucleated cells per cubic millimeter of fluid, it is necessary to have more specific information about the fluid type, the condition or context under consideration, and the corresponding reference ranges or data.
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The average adult human RBC count ranges from 4.7 million to 6.1 million per microliter of blood. The RBC count may be estimated using the hematocrit, which is the ratio of the packed RBCs to the total volume of blood.
The total volume of blood in the human body is 4.5-6 liters, or 4.5-6 million cubic millimeters. Thus, the total number of RBCs in the human body is approximately 24-36 trillion. Therefore, the number of RBCs per cubic millimeter of fluid is between 4.7-6.
1 million nucleated cells are a subset of the hematopoietic system and are primarily found in the bone marrow and spleen. They may be counted using a differential white blood cell count, which calculates the percentage of each type of white blood cell present in the blood.
The normal range for nucleated cells in the blood is between 0 and 1,000 cells per cubic millimeter. Therefore, the number of nucleated cells per cubic millimeter of fluid is expressed in whole numbers, and ranges from 0 to 1,000 cells.
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Which best explains a difference in the growth of seedless vascular plants and nonvascular plants? 1.Seedless vascular plants can grow taller because they have tissues that support the plant and carry water and nutrients. 2.Seedless vascular plants can grow taller because they have rhizoids that support the plant and carry water and nutrients. 3.Nonvascular plants can grow taller because they have tissues that support the plant and carry water and nutrients. 4.Nonvascular plants can grow taller because they have rhizoids that support the plant and carry water and nutrients.
Answer:my best guess is A
Explanation:
Answer:
a
Explanation:
The word "niche" is pronounced most like
nitch (like witch)
neesh (like quiche)
nish (like fish)
neech (like beach)
Answer:
neesh(like quiche)
Explanation:
That is how it is supposed to be pronounced even though it is commonly pronounced "nitch"(like witch).
Nitch pronounced as neesh that’s how people say it!
A 2 column table with 4 rows. Column 1 is labeled Shade with entries 1, 2, 3, 4. Column 2 is labeled Observed with entries 8, 11, 15, 19. Column 3 is labeled Expected with 4 blank entries.
What is the chi-square value? Round to the nearest hundredth.
(
)
Answer: 5.19 && 5.18
Explanation:
I just took the test
Answer:
The answer is 5.31
Explanation:
I got it wrong on edge and that showed up
.At what stage of the cell cycle is the cyclin component of MPF destroyed?
A) in late G1
B) at mid-S phase
C) in early G2
D) in late M
The cyclin component of MPF is destroyed at the late M stage of the cell cycle. So option (D) is correct answer.
MPF stands for mitosis-promoting factor, which is a complex of protein and plays a vital role in regulating mitosis during the cell cycle. In the cell cycle, there are four stages that include G1 phase, S phase, G2 phase, and M phase. The M phase consists of mitosis and cytokinesis, while the other three stages are known as interphase. In the late M phase, the cyclin component of MPF is destroyed.
Cyclin is a regulatory protein that helps in the regulation of the cell cycle. The concentration of cyclin increases during the S and G2 phases and reaches its maximum level at the onset of mitosis. After that, the concentration of cyclin falls rapidly because of the degradation of cyclin. Therefore option (D) is correct answer.
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Cyclin is destroyed by ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis in the late M phase of the cell cycle, leading to the inactivation of MPF and the progression of mitosis. Here option D is the correct answer.
Cyclin is a protein that binds to cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) to activate it, causing the cell to move into the next stage of the cell cycle. Cyclin concentration fluctuates during the cell cycle.
MPF is a kinase that is required for the transition from the G2 phase to the M phase of the cell cycle. Mitosis-promoting factor (MPF) is the primary factor that regulates the progression of cells from the G2 phase to the M phase.
Cyclin is a protein that binds to and activates CDK, forming MPF. During mitosis, the cyclin component of MPF is destroyed by ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis. Therefore, the correct answer is option D) in late M phase of the cell cycle.
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the bending of which structures leads to the nerve signals that are interpreted as sound? group of answer choices flagella auricle stereocilia otolith
The bending of the stereocilia leads to the nerve signals that are interpreted as sound. The stereocilia are hair-like projections found on the hair cells of the cochlea within the inner ear.
Stereocilia are the primary mechanosensory receptor cells that translate sound waves into electrical signals. The stereocilia is made up of bundles of actin filaments that are anchored at the top of the hair cell by a structure known as the tip link. The stereocilia bend when they come into contact with the tectorial membrane that covers them.
When the stereocilia bend, they open mechanically gated ion channels that allow potassium ions to enter the cell, depolarizing it. This initiates an action potential that travels to the brain via the auditory nerve, which is interpreted as sound.Hence, it is the bending of stereocilia that leads to the nerve signals that are interpreted as sound.
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In terms of the carbon cycle explain why deforestation in the Amazon
is a global concern and not just a regional concern for the Brazilians.
Deforestation in the Amazon is a global concern and not just a regional
concern for the Brazilians because of the large and diverse ecosystem
comprising of a lot of plant and animal species found in this rainforest.
The deforestation of trees in the Amazon will have a negative impact on the
earth as a result of accumulated carbondioxide being present in the
atmosphere.
This carbondioxide accumulation which is meant to be used by plants for
photosynthesis will then result to global warming .
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how does caffeine work? multiple choice increases the amount of neurotransmitter at a synapse interferes with or decreases the action of a neurotransmitter promotes the action of a neurotransmitter replaces or mimics a neuromodulator replaces or mimics a neurotransmitter
Caffeine is a powerful stimulant that can enhance brain function and improve mood, alertness, and cognitive performance. It works by blocking the action of adenosine, a neurotransmitter that is responsible for regulating sleep and wakefulness.
Adenosine is produced naturally in the body and accumulates in the brain throughout the day, promoting sleep and relaxation. When you consume caffeine, it blocks the adenosine receptors in your brain, preventing adenosine from binding and slowing down brain activity. This leads to increased alertness, improved mood, and enhanced cognitive performance. In addition to blocking adenosine, caffeine can also promote the release of other neurotransmitters, including dopamine, norepinephrine, and acetylcholine.
These neurotransmitters play important roles in regulating mood, attention, motivation, and cognitive performance, and can enhance brain function when released in the right amounts. It is important to consume caffeine in moderation and to avoid caffeine-containing products late in the day to prevent disruption of sleep patterns.
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NEED HELP PlZ Earth Science
Mineral are classified based on their properties, but rocks are not. Describe how Sedimentary, Igneous, and Metamorphic rocks are classified.
Answer: so let me do it this way
Sedimentary rocks are classified based on how they form and on the size of the sediments, if they are clastic.Image result for how is an igneous igneous classified
Igneous rocks may be simply classified according to their chemical/mineral composition as felsic, intermediate, mafic, and ultramafic, and by texture or grain size: intrusive rocks are course grained (all crystals are visible to the naked eye) while extrusive rocks may be fine-grained (microscopic crystals) or glass.
As with igneous and sedimentary rocks, metamorphic rocks are classified on the basis of texture (grain size, shape, orientation) and mineral composition.
i hope this works for you!
Explanation:
which amino acids would you expect to find in the 2,3-bpg binding site of hemoglobin? enter your answer with the one letter amino acid codes, separated by hyphens if there is more than one amino acid (x-x-x-x)
The 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (2,3-BPG) binding site of hemoglobin (Hb) is located in the central cavity of deoxyhemoglobin. A total of four protein chains make up hemoglobin, two α chains, and two β chains, all of which are connected through disulfide bonds.
Hb is a type of globin, which is a heme-containing protein that binds oxygen. Globins are made up of about 150 amino acid residues that have a hydrophobic core and a hydrophilic surface, with specific amino acid residues forming the heme pocket.
The key amino acid residues in the 2,3-BPG binding site of hemoglobin are His-143 and His-2 and Ser-37 and Lys-82. The binding of 2,3-BPG in the central cavity of deoxyhemoglobin causes a conformational change in the protein, leading to the release of oxygen.
Therefore, we would expect to find the amino acids histidine (His), serine (Ser) and lysine (Lys) in the 2,3-bpg binding site of hemoglobin, where His-143 and His-2, Ser-37, and Lys-82 are the essential residues.
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4. Give examples of pesticides that have caused food-associated poisoning. To what extent can these poisonings be prevented?
9. Name three acts and/or amendments that regulate food safety in the United States. Describe their purposes and the types of foods and com- ponents of foods to which they apply.
11. Discuss the risk factors for foodborne illness. Describe practical methods for the prevention of foodborne illness and indicate how you apply them in your own home or business.
12. What are the procedures that a local health department might use for investigating an outbreak of foodborne illness? (Refer to Exhibit 11.2). What factors could have been responsible for the S. aureus outbreak described in the exhibit?
Pesticides such as organophosphates, carbamates, and pyrethroids have caused food-associated poisoning.
Pesticides like organophosphates, carbamates, and pyrethroids have been linked to food-associated poisoning when used improperly or in excessive amounts. To prevent such poisonings, it is essential to follow recommended application rates, use protective gear during application, store pesticides safely, and adhere to guidelines provided by regulatory authorities.
The Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) aims to prevent foodborne illnesses by shifting the focus from responding to contamination incidents to preventing them. The Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FDCA) sets safety standards for all domestic and imported foods, ensuring they are safe, wholesome, and properly labeled. The Bioterrorism Act requires food facilities to register with the FDA and implement safety measures to protect the food supply from intentional contamination.
Foodborne illnesses can result from factors such as poor hygiene, improper cooking temperatures, cross-contamination between raw and cooked foods, and consumption of contaminated items. Practical methods for prevention include frequent handwashing, using separate cutting boards for raw and cooked foods, cooking meats to recommended temperatures, and storing perishable foods in the refrigerator.
During an outbreak investigation, a local health department may conduct interviews with affected individuals to identify potential sources of contamination. They will collect samples for laboratory analysis to confirm the presence of pathogens. In the S. aureus outbreak described in the exhibit, factors like improper food handling, inadequate refrigeration, or contaminated food ingredients may have contributed to bacterial growth and subsequent illness among consumers.
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Both plants and animals have these organelles to store and pass on genetic information
Answer:
During the early 19th century, it became widely accepted that all living organisms are composed of cells arising only from the growth and division of other cells. The improvement of the microscope then led to an era during which many biologists made intensive observations of the microscopic structure of cells. By 1885 a substantial amount of indirect evidence indicated that chromosomes—dark-staining threads in the cell nucleus—carried the information for cell heredity. It was later shown that chromosomes are about half DNA and half protein by weight.
Explanation:
All living things need to transport molecules from one place to another within the body in order to carry out necessary life functions. Water makes up approximately 60% of the human body. Which property of water best describes how it is able to transport these molecules from place to place and play such a vital role in life’s functions?
Answer:
D
Explanation:
The property of water that best describes how it is able to transport these molecules from place to place and play such a vital role in life’s functions is it is a good solvent and exhibits strong cohesive force.
What are the characteristics of water?The characteristics of water are as follows:
It is a polar molecule.It is an excellent solvent.It has a high heat of vaporization, and high heat capacity.It possesses strong cohesive and adhesive forces. Water is usually less dense in a solid as compared to a liquid state.Being a good solvent, it dissolves all possible molecules within them and makes it easy for the molecules to delocalize at the site of action. The cohesive property of water is useful in the movement of fluids and molecules in many forms of life.
Therefore, The property of water that best describes how it is able to transport these molecules from place to place and play such a vital role in life’s functions is it is a good solvent and exhibits a strong cohesive force.
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partial credit given. Go outside and collect a small amount of soil in the containers supplied. You will probably be more successful if you select soil from a vegetated area. Use your soil to prepare a wet mount following the directions you were given in class. Try to use 2 mm' of soil. To help you visualize this, draw two "3d" boxes, each representing a cubic millimeter, actual size, here: Use your microscope to examine the entire area under your coverslip. Count all the nematodes you see. how many cubic mm are in I cm ? How many nematodes were in your mm' of soil? What is your calculated number of nematodes per cubic mm? Based on your data, how many nematodes would you calculate there to be in a cubic centimeter of soil? How many would you calculate there to be in a cubic meter of soil?
There are 1,000 cubic millimeters (mm³) in 1 cubic centimeter (cm³). This is because 1 cm is equal to 10 mm, and when you calculate the volume of a cube, you raise the length of each side to the power of 3.
To determine the number of nematodes in your mm² of soil, you need to count them under the microscope. Let's say you counted 10 nematodes in your mm².
To calculate the number of nematodes per cubic millimeter (mm³) of soil, you need to know the depth of the soil you examined. If you used 2 mm of soil, the calculation would be: (Number of nematodes in mm²) / (Volume of soil in mm³) = 10 nematodes / (2 mm x 1 mm x 1 mm) = 10 nematodes / 2 mm³ = 5 nematodes per mm³.
To calculate the number of nematodes in a cubic centimeter (cm³) of soil, you would use the same ratio of nematodes per mm³. Since there are 1,000 mm³ in 1 cm³, the calculation would be: (Number of nematodes per mm³) x (1,000 mm³) = 5 nematodes/mm³ x 1,000 mm³ = 5,000 nematodes per cm³.
To calculate the number of nematodes in a cubic meter (m³) of soil, you would again use the same ratio. Since there are 1,000,000 cm³ in 1 m³, the calculation would be: (Number of nematodes per cm³) x (1,000,000 cm³) = 5,000 nematodes/cm³ x 1,000,000 cm³ = 5,000,000,000 nematodes per m³.
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Desiré was investigating a chemical reaction. When she heated it up, she found that sulfuric acid (H2SO4) changed into water (H2O). She made the following atomic-scale model to show what she thinks happened.
The model that has been shown is not the complete model of the chemical reaction.
What happened on the atomic scale?A model of a chemical reaction refers to a representation or description of how atoms rearrange, bond, and break during a chemical reaction. Models help us understand the underlying mechanisms and processes involved in a reaction.
We can see that the model does not show the sulfur atoms and as such it violates the law of the conservation of mass and it is not complete as shown above here.
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What is true about prokaryotic cells?
Answer:
they have a nucleoid.
Explanation:
Unlike eukaryotes, they do not have a separated nucleus or organelles bound inside a membrane, so they have to keep their DNA and other genetic materials within a nucleoid.
what procedure is expected to occur in an rflp? question 6 options: genes are transferred via a dna virus. cells are treated with enzymes that remove their walls. cells are forced into a protoplast fusion. dna is digested with endonucleases.
In RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism), a procedure is expected to occur to digest the DNA with endonucleases. Endonucleases are enzymes that cut the DNA molecule at specific sites.
In this procedure, the DNA is digested with endonucleases to generate fragments that will be separated using a gel electrophoresis technique and then transferred to a nylon membrane, which will then be hybridized with probes.
These DNA fragments are then blotted onto a nylon membrane and probed with a labeled probe, which can identify specific DNA sequences. The hybridization is then detected using autoradiography. This technique is used in forensic analysis, genetic mapping, paternity testing, and disease diagnosis.
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The Statue of Liberty is made of copper that has turned green because it has undergone a change. What can be
said about this change?
O The change is a physical change because the copper in the statue is still there.
O The change is a physical change because a new chemical is formed on the outside of the statue.
O The change is not a physical change because the color of the statue has changed.
O The change is not a physical change because a new chemical is formed on the outside of the statue.
Answer:
The change is not a physical change because a new chemical is formed on the outside of the statue.
Answer:
D.
Explanation:
3. what is evolution/natural selection and how does it create diversity? how does it cause populations of organisms to adapt to their environment over time?
Evolution is the process of change that occurs in living organisms over time. It refers to the changes in the characteristics of a population that are observed over successive generations.
Selection refers to the process by which certain traits are favored over others, based on their impact on survival and reproduction. Time refers to the fact that natural selection operates over long periods of time, allowing for gradual changes to accumulate within the population.
This can also lead to the development of new ecosystems and ecological niches, as different species evolve to fill different roles within their environment. Overall, natural selection is a powerful mechanism for driving evolution and creating diversity within the living world.
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Describe how Enzyme works and why it is important in living things.
Answer:
An enzyme is a substance that acts as a catalyst in living organisms, regulating the rate at which chemical reactions proceed without itself being altered in the process. The biological processes that occur within all living organisms are chemical reactions, and most are regulated by enzymes.
Explanation:
what is the function of melatonin? group of answer choices aid in the differentiation of t lymphocytes control the color of the skin regulate blood glucose levels control the daily sleep-wake cycle regulate blood calcium levels
Melatonin is a hormone that is primarily secreted by the pineal gland, which is located in the brain. It helps in regulating the sleep-wake cycle of an individual. It is produced when it is dark, and it’s production decreases when it is bright. Melatonin helps in promoting sleep and resetting the circadian rhythm of the body.
It is also known to have several other functions which include:Regulation of the Immune System - Melatonin has been shown to have a role in regulating the immune system. It has also been shown to have an anti-inflammatory effect.Control of Blood Glucose Levels - Melatonin helps in the regulation of blood glucose levels.
It reduces insulin resistance and helps in maintaining the normal glucose levels in the blood.Control of Blood Calcium Levels - Melatonin helps in the regulation of blood calcium levels. It is known to have a lightening effect on the skin and can help in reducing hyperpigmentation.So, the function of melatonin is not limited to just regulating the sleep-wake cycle of an individual. It has several other functions that help in maintaining the overall health of an individual.
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If the data does NOT support your hypothesis, you can consider your experiment a failure. (True/false)
A. True
B. False
Answer:
False
Explanation:
If the data does not support your hypothesis you reject your hypothesis. The information given to you by your data can still be extremely useful in carrying out a new and improved version of the experiment or research and therefore by no means a failure.
Some of the greatest minds and most celebrated scientists came across their discoveries either through error or through reapplying new techniques that were developed through data that didn't support their hypothesis.
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What are fossils and how are they evidence to Earth’s Past?
Answer:
Fossils are bones of dead animals such as dinosaurs, and other animals. They are evidence of the past bc, they show how life was back then.
Explanation:
_________ is the anchor for the GI tract
A. Visceral peritoneum
B. Mesentery
C. Serosa
D. Falciform ligament
Answer:
Explanation:A
Which of the following need to be kept in balance inside the human body?
Explain the role of arterioles in the skin when a person is very cold
Arterioles play a crucial role in the skin when a person is very cold. Arterioles are the tiny blood vessels that regulate blood flow from the arteries to the capillaries and finally to the veins. When a person is very cold, arterioles in the skin constrict, a process known as vasoconstriction, to prevent heat loss.
This constriction reduces the amount of blood that flows through the skin, reducing the skin's temperature. The skin also appears pale during vasoconstriction since less blood is flowing to the skin's surface. The constriction of arterioles helps to conserve heat and prevent heat loss from the skin.
Conversely, when a person's skin is warmed, the arterioles dilate, a process known as vasodilation, allowing more blood to flow through the skin, increasing the skin's temperature and causing the skin to appear red. The dilatation of arterioles helps to dissipate heat and regulate body temperature.
Thus, the regulation of blood flow through arterioles is crucial in regulating the body temperature and preventing heat loss.
In conclusion, arterioles in the skin play a vital role in regulating body temperature by constricting and dilating to control blood flow through the skin.
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How are simple carbohydrates able to form larger macromolecules?
A. Organic compounds chemically combine using carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms.
B. Organic compounds chemically combine with inorganic compounds to form large macromolecules.
C. Larger macromolecules first break down into smaller macromolecules and combine during the reaction.
D. The hydrogen in the smaller macromolecules combine to form larger macromolecules.
Answer:
Organic compounds chemically combine using carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms.
You keep your ecosphere in a sunny spot on your desk next to the window. Your little sister, thinking it's a melted ice pack, puts it in the freezer. You find it before the water has frozen, but unfortunately, the shrimp and other microorganisms die. Will your algae still be able to survive? Explain why or why not? Talk about the inputs and outputs of photosynthesis in your answer
Answer:
Both shrimp and algae are interdependent on each other and need sunlight, without which both die.
Explanation:
The lifespan of shrimp in the ecosphere is about 2 to 3 years and may live for about 10 years. The availability of sunlight leads to the growth of algae and which provides food and oxygen for the shrimp as they release carbon dioxide. Due to the overflow of carbon dioxide and the unavailability of r sunlight for the processing of oxygen in the ecosphere, the algae and other shrimp die. As the balance of the ecosphere is disturbed the photosynthesis will not take place.