A catalyst is a substance added to the reaction that lowers the activation energy by providing an alternate pathway for the reactions to go to completion.
A catalyst is a substance that accelerates a chemical response, or lowers the temperature or strain needed to begin one, with out itself being ate up at some stage in the response. Catalysis is the procedure of adding a catalyst to facilitate a response.
Catalysts may be categorized as homogeneous, heterogeneous, or enzymatic. Homogeneous catalysts exist inside the identical phase as the reactants, whereas heterogeneous catalysts exist in a exclusive section than the reactants.
Catalysts are basically categorised into 4 kinds.Homogeneous, Heterogeneous, Heterogenized homogeneous catalyst and Biocatalysts. Homogeneous catalyst: In homogeneous catalysis, reaction mixture and catalyst both are gift inside the equal segment.
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what does it mean Emphasis on object vs woman
Emphasis on object vs woman simply means s- e- x- ual objectification
This goes to say that it emphasizes seeing women as objects of se- xu- al pleasure
What is objectification?Objectification simply refers to the act of treating or viewing a person as an object, devoid of thought or feeling.
Most of the time, objectification is targeted at women and reduces them to objects of se- xu- al pleasure
So therefore, emphasis on object vs woman simply means se- xu- al objectification
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Consider the following reaction at 298K.
Pb2+ (aq) + Cu (s) Pb (s) + Cu2+ (aq)
Which of the following statements are correct?
Choose all that apply.
The reaction is product-favored.
delta G^o < 0
n = 4 mol electrons
K < 1
Eo cell < 0
The true statements are;
K < 0Eocel < 0What is a redox reaction?We define a redox reaction as one in which a specie is oxidized and another is reduced.
Now;
Eo cell = cell potential = -0.13 V - (+0.34 V) = -0.47 V
n =number of moles of electrons = 2 mole of electrons
K = equilibrium constant
ΔG = change in free energy
Eo cell = 0.0592/n log K
-0.47 = 0.0592/2 log K
log K = -0.47 * 2/0.0592
K = 1.3 * 10^-16
ΔG = -nFEo cell
ΔG = -(2 * 96500 * -0.47)
ΔG = 90.7kJ
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What is the chemical symbol of the terminal atom in the lewis structure of OH- ?
Answer:
kindly refer to the picture attached
Explanation:
Have a great day . keep smiling
the quantity PV/T must be held constant and both P and V are doubled, the value of T will necessarily have to,
is Sn^2+ + Br2 ---> Sn^4+ + 2Br^- a spontaneous or non-spontaneous redox reaction?
Sn^2+ + Br2 ---> Sn^4+ + 2Br^- is referred to as a non-spontaneous redox reaction.
What is a Non spontaneous reaction?This type of reaction doesn't favor the formation of the product and must be endothermic.
In the reaction above under the given conditions, ΔG is positive and it is intended to form Sn(s) and Br(l) through the reduction of tin cation to make bromine liquid and tin solid. This therefore points to the direction of the reaction being non-spontaneous one.
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The amount of heat transferred from an object depends on
Group of answer choices
A. The initial temperature of the object
B. All of the above
C. The specific heat of the object
D. The mass of the object
The amount of heat transferred from an object depends on the following;
The initial temperature of the object
The specific heat of the object
The mass of the object
Therefore, the answer is all of the above (option B).
What is heat?
Heat is the internal energy of a system in thermodynamic equilibrium due to its temperature.
The amount of heat absorbed or released by an object can be calculated using the following expression:
Q = m × c × ∆T
Where;
Q = quantity of heat
m = mass of object
c = specific heat capacity of object
∆T = change in temperature
Therefore, this suggests that amount of heat transferred from an object depends on the following;
The initial temperature of the object
The specific heat of the object
The mass of the object
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Can anyone please give me name of these disaccharides? My professor wrote these on whiteboard and didn't explain anything.
The name of the disaccharide above is sucrose
What are disaccharides?Disaccharides are substances which are composed of two molecules of simple sugars or monosaccharides linked to each other.
Below are some examples of disaccharides:
SucroseMaltoseLactoseCellobioseSo therefore, the name of the disaccharide above is sucrose
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Which of these is an example of a physical property? A. Iron rusts when exposed to air. B. Table salt is a white crystal. C. Sodium oxidizes in air. D. Potassium ignites when placed in water.
Explanation:
Iron rusts when exposed to air,Sodium oxidizes in air,Potassium ignites when placed in water.These all are irreversible reaction .What is physical change ? When a substance change its physical state No new chemical is formedExamples :- Boling of water, melting of solids, shredding of paper.Find the amount of heat energy needed to convert 400 grams of ice at -38°C to steam at 160°C.
Group of answer choices
A. 246840 Joules
B. 159984 Joules
C. 331056 Joules
D. 1284440 Joules
The amount of heat energy needed to convert 400 g of ice at -38 °C to steam at 160 °C is 1.28×10⁶ J (Option D)
How to determine the heat required change the temperature from –38 °C to 0 °C Mass (M) = 400 g = 400 / 1000 = 0.4 KgInitial temperature (T₁) = –25 °C Final temperature (T₂) = 0 °Change in temperature (ΔT) = 0 – (–38) = 38 °C Specific heat capacity (C) = 2050 J/(kg·°C)Heat (Q₁) =?Q = MCΔT
Q₁ = 0.4 × 2050 × 38
Q₁ = 31160 J
How to determine the heat required to melt the ice at 0 °CMass (m) = 0.4 KgLatent heat of fusion (L) = 334 KJ/Kg = 334 × 1000 = 334000 J/KgHeat (Q₂) =?Q = mL
Q₂ = 0.4 × 334000
Q₂ = 133600 J
How to determine the heat required to change the temperature from 0 °C to 100 °C Mass (M) = 0.4 KgInitial temperature (T₁) = 0 °C Final temperature (T₂) = 100 °CChange in temperature (ΔT) = 100 – 0 = 100 °C Specific heat capacity (C) = 4180 J/(kg·°C)Heat (Q₃) =?Q = MCΔT
Q₃ = 0.4 × 4180 × 100
Q₃ = 167200 J
How to determine the heat required to vaporize the water at 100 °CMass (m) = 0.4 KgLatent heat of vaporisation (Hv) = 2260 KJ/Kg = 2260 × 1000 = 2260000 J/KgHeat (Q₄) =?Q = mHv
Q₄ = 0.4 × 2260000
Q₄ = 904000 J
How to determine the heat required to change the temperature from 100 °C to 160 °C Mass (M) = 0.4 KgInitial temperature (T₁) = 100 °C Final temperature (T₂) = 160 °CChange in temperature (ΔT) = 160 – 100 = 60 °C Specific heat capacity (C) = 1996 J/(kg·°C) Heat (Q₅) =?Q = MCΔT
Q₅ = 0.4 × 1996 × 60
Q₅ = 47904 J
How to determine the heat required to change the temperature from –38 °C to 160 °CHeat for –38 °C to 0°C (Q₁) = 31160 JHeat for melting (Q₂) = 133600 JHeat for 0 °C to 100 °C (Q₃) = 167200 JHeat for vaporization (Q₄) = 904000 JHeat for 100 °C to 160 °C (Q₅) = 47904 JHeat for –38 °C to 160 °C (Qₜ) =?Qₜ = Q₁ + Q₂ + Q₃ + Q₄ + Q₅
Qₜ = 31160 + 133600 + 167200 + 904000 + 47904
Qₜ = 1.28×10⁶ J
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Which of the following is NOT an example of a colligative property?
Group of answer choices
A. Salt is added to ice to make homemade ice cream.
B. Salt is added to roads before a snow storm.
C.Antifreeze is added to a radiator of a car.
D. Salt water dehydrates someone that drinks it.
Salt-water that dehydrates someone who drinks is NOT an example of a colligative property (Option D).
What are Colligative Properties?Colligative Properties make reference to physical properties associated with solute concentration instead of its intrinsical characteristics.
Some examples of colligative properties include boiling state, vapour pressure, and osmotic pressure due to the presence of ionic particles.
In conclusion, salt-water that dehydrates someone who drinks is NOT an example of a colligative property (Option D).
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What is the element that is located in the 2nd Period and a Halogen?
Group of answer choices
A. Oxygen
B. Nitrogen
C. Flourine
D. Chlorine
Answer:
C.) Fluorine
Explanation:
A period describes a row on the periodic table.
Halogens are located in the 17th column on the periodic table.
As such, the element located in the second row in the 17th column is fluorine.
How many moles of HNO3 will be produced
from the reaction of 46.5 g of NO2 with excess
water in the following chemical reaction?
3 NO₂(g) + H₂O (1)→ 2 HNO3(g) + NO(g)
Answer:
0.674 moles HNO₃
Explanation:
To find the moles of HNO₃, you need to (1) convert grams NO₂ to moles NO₂ (via molar mass) and then (2) convert moles NO₂ to moles HNO₃ (via mole-to-mole ratio from equation coefficients). It is important to arrange the conversions in a way that allows for the cancellation of units. The final answer should have 3 sig figs to match the sig figs of the given value (46.5 g).
Molar Mass (NO₂): 14.007 g/mol + 2(15.998 g/mol)
Molar Mass (NO₂): 46.003 g/mol
3 NO₂(g) + H₂O (l) ------> 2 HNO₃(g) + NO(g)
46.5 g NO₂ 1 mole 2 moles HNO₃
------------------- x ------------------- x -------------------------- = 0.674 moles HNO₃
46.003 g 3 moles NO₂
Given the reaction:
Fe3+(yellow) + SCN-(colorless) <--> [FeSCN]2+(dark red)
If Fe3+ is added to the solution:
Group of answer choices
A. No changes in color occur
B. The solution turns darker red
C. The solution becomes colorless
D. The solution becomes more yellow
Fe3+(yellow) + SCN-(colorless) <--> [FeSCN]2+(dark red)
If Fe3+ is added to the solution the solution turns darker red
While precipitating out Fe3+ (as Fe(OH)3) or SCN- (as AgSCN) will push the equilibrium to the left, consuming the complex and reducing color intensity, the addition of Fe3+ or SCN- will push the equilibrium to the right, creating more complex and intensifying the color.
The pace of reaction rises as Fe3+ levels rise. The concentration of SCN reduces as the rate rises.
The FeSCN2+ complex, which is created when iron(III) and thiocyanate ions react, displays an extremely strong blood red color (or orange in diluted solution), making it simple to detect and quantify using spectrophotometry.
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Select the correct answer. A ball hits a wall. What is true about the magnitude of the force experienced by the ball compared with the force experienced by the wall? A. The ball experiences more force than the wall. B. The ball experiences less force than the wall. C. The ball and the wall experience the same force. D. The ball experiences half the force of the wall.
Answer:
C
Explanation:
For every action there is an equal but opposite reaction..... the forces are the same
How many moles of solute particles are present in 1 mL (exact) of aqueous 0.0040 M Ba(OH)2?
The number of mole of solute particles are present in 1 mL (exact) of aqueous 0.0040 M Ba(OH)₂ is 0.000004 mole
What is molarity?Molarity is defined as the mole of solute per unit litre of solution. Mathematically, it can be expressed as:
Molarity = mole / Volume
With the above formula, we can determine the number of mole present in the solution. Detail below:
How to determine the mole of the solute in the solutionVolume of solution = 1 mL = 1 / 1000 = 0.001 LMolarity of solution = 0.004 MMole of solute =?Molarity = mole / Volume
Cross multiply
Mole = Molarity × volume
Mole of solute = 0.004 × 0.001
Mole of solute = 0.000004 mole
Thus, the mole of the solute in the solution is 0.000004 mole
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To answer this question, you may need access to the periodic table of elements.
How many bonding electrons are in the Lewis structure of NH₃?
a.) 6
b.) 2
c.) 5
d.) 4
Answer:
6 bonding electrons are needed.
What is an expression of Boyle's law (k = constant)?
A. V/T=K
B. V = kn
C. PV = k
D. Ptotal= P₁ + P₂ + P3 + &
Answer:
C.) PV = k
Explanation:
Boyle's Law is a variation of the Ideal Gas Law when all variables, except for pressure and volume, are held constant.
Pressure is represented by "P" and volume is represented by "V". In the Ideal Gas Law, pressure and volume are inversely proportional (if one goes up, the other goes down). That being said, the equation which best represents Boyle's Law is PV = k.
The value of the entropy change for the process N₂ (g) + 3H₂ (g) --> 2NH₃ (g) is ________.
positive
unchanged
zero
negative
Answer:
negative
Explanation:
Entropy is a measure of the "disorder" in a system.
In this reaction, the amount of disorder decreases. This is because one gas molecule (NH₃) has more order than two gas molecules (N₂ and H₂). Therefore, the entropy change should be negative.
1. Calculate the average atomic mass of rubidium. Rubidium has two isotopes, 85Rb and 87Rb. 85Rb has an atomic mass of 84.912 amu and occurs at an abundance of 72.17%. 87Rb has an atomic mass of 86.909 amu and occurs at an abundance of 27.83%. Show your work
Why does direct titration of aspirin with NaOH have a side reaction and how to prevent it?
Direct titration of aspirin with NaOH have a side reaction simply because aspirin is a weak acid
What is direct titration?
Direct titration can simply be defined as a type of titration in which a titrant of known concentration and volume is added to a substance in order to analyze it.
As the name implies, it is called direct titration simply because the one approaches the endpoint of the experiment directly.
Furthermore, the significance of direct titration is that it is used to find the quantity of a substance within a solution with chemical reactions.
So therefore, direct titration of aspirin with NaOH have a side reaction simply because aspirin is a weak acid
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28. What mass
0.120M HCI?
of Na₂CO3 (Molar Mass = 106.0 g/mol) is required to react completely with 21.6 mL of.
Mass of [tex]$\mathrm{Na}{2} \mathrm{CO} 3$[/tex] required [tex]$=0.55 \mathrm{~g}$[/tex]
What is meant by molar mass?The mass of one mole of a sample is its molar mass. Add the atomic masses (atomic weights) of all the atoms in the molecule to obtain the molar mass. Using the mass listed in the Periodic Table or atomic weights table, determine the atomic mass for each element.The total mass of all the atoms that make up a mole of a specific molecule, measured in grams, is known as the molar mass or molecular weight. The measurement is made in grams per mole.Molar mass is a crucial factor to consider while planning an experiment. The molar mass enables you to calculate the quantity you should weigh on your scale if you are testing theories involving precise amounts of a substance. Take a look at an experiment that needs 2 moles of pure carbon as an illustration.The mass 0.120M HCI:
Moles of [tex]$\mathrm{HCl}$[/tex]reacted [tex]$=0.120 \times 21.6 / 1000=0.00260$[/tex]
according to balanced reaction, [tex]$\mathrm{HCl}$ and $\mathrm{Na} 2 \mathrm{CO} 3$[/tex] reacts in [tex]$2: 1$[/tex] the ratio
moles of [tex]$\mathrm{Na} 2 \mathrm{CO} 3$[/tex]required [tex]$=0.00260 \times 2=0.00520$[/tex]
convert moles to mass
mass [tex]$=$[/tex]moles [tex]$\times$[/tex]molar mass
mass [tex]$=0.00520 \times 106.0$[/tex]
mass [tex]$=0.55 \mathrm{~g}$[/tex]
mass of [tex]$\mathrm{Na} 2 \mathrm{CO} 3$[/tex]required [tex]$=0.55 \mathrm{~g}$[/tex]
Mass 0.120M HC is [tex]$=0.55 \mathrm{~g}$[/tex]
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Question 6(Multiple Choice Worth 5 points)
(08.01 LC)
Which of the following is a property of water?
It can freeze very fast.
OIt has low heat capacity.
It exists in all three states on Earth.
It repels other water molecules.
The property of water is that It exists in all three states on Earth.
The major residences to be able to be mentioned in this text are its appeal to polar molecules, its high specific warmth, the excessive warmness of vaporization, the decrease density of ice, and its high polarity.
The primary homes of water are its polarity, concord, adhesion, floor anxiety, excessive unique warmth, and evaporative cooling. A water molecule is barely charged on each ends. this is because oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen.
Water is good sized functionality to dissolve a ramification of molecules has earned it the designation of “standard solvent,” and it's far this capacity that makes water such an invaluable life-sustaining pressure. On a biological level, water's role as a solvent facilitates cells transport and use substances like oxygen or vitamins.
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if .709 j of heat is added to water and cause the temperature to go up by .036 degrees C what mass of water is present
Answer:
0.00471 grams H₂O
Explanation:
To determine the mass, you need to use the following equation:
Q = mcΔT
In this equation,
-----> Q = energy/heat (J)
-----> m = mass (g)
-----> c = specific heat capacity (J/g°C)
-----> ΔT = temperature change (°C)
The specific heat capacity of water is 4182 J/g°C. You can plug the given values into the equation and simplify to isolate "c".
Q = 0.709 J c = 4182 J/g°C
m = ? g ΔT = 0.036 °C
Q = mcΔT <----- Equation
0.709 J = m(4182 J/g°C)(0.036 °C) <----- Insert values
0.709 J = m(150.552) <----- Multiply 4182 and 0.036
0.00471 = m <----- Divide both sides by 150.552
H2O Is water. H10O5 Is Monohydrate trihydrate. What Is the chemical compound name for H50O25?
Answer:
THERE IS NO such compound
Explanation:
What is the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 150 grams of aluminum by 10°C?
Group of answer choices
A. 13.45 J
B. 0.897 J
C. 1345.5 J
D. 4.18 J
Answer:
C.) 1345.5 J
Explanation:
To find the energy, you need to use the following equation:
Q = mcΔT
In this equation,
-----> Q = energy (J)
-----> m = mass (g)
-----> c = specific heat (J/g°C)
-----> ΔT = change in temperature (°C)
The specific heat of aluminum is 0.89 J/g°C. You can plug the given values into the equation and solve.
Q = mcΔT
Q = (150 g)(0.89 J/g°C)(10 °C)
Q = 1335
*It is up to you whether you wish to trust this answer. My answer may be slightly different due to using a different specific heat.
Which of the following elements has the highest electronegativity?
Group of answer choices
A. Boron
B. Nitrogen
C. Oxygen
D. Carbon
Answer:
The answer is Oxygen
The oxygen has the most electronegativity.
What mass (g) of calcium chloride, CaCl2, is needed to prepare 2.451 L of a 1.56 M solution
Answer:
424 grams CaCl₂
Explanation:
To find the mass of CaCl₂, you need to (1) calculate the moles (using the molarity ratio) and then (2) convert moles to grams (using the molar mass). The final answer should have 3 sig figs to match the given value with the least amount of sig figs.
(Step 1)
Molarity (M) = moles / volume (L)
1.56 M = moles / 2.451 L
3.82 = moles
(Step 2)
Molar Mass (CaCl₂): 40.078 g/mol + 2(35.453 g/mol)
Molar Mass (CaCl₂): 110.984 g/mol
3.82 moles CaCl₂ 110.984 g
---------------------------- x ------------------- = 424 grams CaCl₂
1 mole
The reaction of charcoal (carbon) and oxygen is sped up by grinding the charcoal into a fine powder. This is an example of:
Group of answer choices
A. All of the above
B. Increasing concentration to increase reaction rate
C. Increasing temperature to increase reaction rate
D. increasing surface area to increase reaction rate
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Grinding to a powder increases the surface area of the charcoal .
The reaction of charcoal (carbon) and oxygen is sped up by grinding the charcoal into a fine powder. This is an example of increasing surface area to increase reaction rate. Option D is the answer.
Reason for the grindingGrinding charcoal into a fine powder enhances its reactivity by increasing surface area. This finer texture promotes more frequent collisions between charcoal particles and oxygen molecules, facilitating faster chemical reactions.
The heightened contact points enable efficient utilization of reactants, optimizing resource consumption. Shorter diffusion paths within smaller particles expedite reactant diffusion, aiding quicker reaction rates.
Additionally, the augmented surface area promotes efficient heat transfer, crucial in reactions involving temperature changes.
Grinding charcoal amplifies the reaction rate by maximizing interaction opportunities, accelerating the conversion of charcoal and oxygen into products.
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Which of these have the highest volume
A. - 1kg of lead
B. - 1kg of iron
C. - 1kg of gold
D. - 1kg of aluminum
Answer:
D. 1kg Aluminium
Explanation:
First of all, you have to know that you were given two quantities, volume and mass.
The relationship between both quantities is given by the formula of density which is:
Density = Mass / Volume
Volume = Mass / Density
Since mass is constant, it means that the volume is inversely proportional to the density.
Volume = k / Density where k is a constant.
This means that the substance with the lowest density would have the highest volume and the one with the highest density would have the highest lowest.
The density of the substances are given as:
Lead = 11.2
Iron = 7.874
Gold = 19.3
Aluminium = 2.7
This means that Aluminium would have the highest volume as its the least dense.
If 1.240g of carbon dioxide dissolves in 1.01L of water at 755mmHg, what quantity of carbon dioxide in grams will dissolve at 790mmHg?
Taking into account the Henry's Law, 1.297 g carbon dioxide will dissolve at 790 mm Hg in 1.01 L water.
Henry's LawA change in pressure does not appreciably influence the solubility of solids or liquids or liquids in liquids; however, that of gases in solvents increases when the partial pressure of the gases increases. The solubility of a gas depends on pressure and temperature.
In this way, Henry's Law describes the effect of pressure on the solubility of gases. This law states that the solubility of a gas in contact with the surface of a liquid at a given temperature is directly proportional to the partial pressure of said gas on the liquid.
Mathematically, Henry's law is expressed as:
C=k×P
Where:
P is the partial pressure of the gas.C is the concentration of the gas.k is Henry's constant, which depends on the nature of the gas, the temperature, and the liquid.At 2 different partial pressure values, the Henry's law is expressed as:
[tex]\frac{C1}{C2} =\frac{P1}{P2}[/tex]
Quantity of carbon dioxideIn this case, you know:
C₁ = [tex]\frac{1.240 g}{1.01 L}[/tex] =1.228 [tex]\frac{g}{L}[/tex]C₂ = ?P₁ = 755 mm HgP₂ = 790 mm HgReplacing in Henry's Law:
[tex]\frac{1.228\frac{g}{L} }{C2} =\frac{755 mmHg}{790mmHg}[/tex]
Solving:
[tex]1.228\frac{g}{L} =\frac{755 mmHg}{790mmHg}xC2[/tex]
C2= [tex]\frac{1.228\frac{g}{L} }{\frac{755 mmHg}{790mmHg}}[/tex]
C2= 1.285 [tex]\frac{g}{L}[/tex]
Then, the concentration of carbon dioxide at 790 mmHg is 1.285 g/L. But you have 1.01 L of water. So the amount of gas dissolved can be calculated as 1.01 L×1.285 g/L = 1.297 g
Finally, 1.297 g carbon dioxide will dissolve at 790 mm Hg in 1.01 L water.
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