give examples of situation when a substance cannot be moved into a cell by osmosis or diffusion and how active transport solves the problem
When a substance cannot move by osmosis or diffusion, it is because it cannot cross the plasma membrane due to its charge or size, and if it is by diffusion, it is because it is against its concentration gradient.
Why can't a substance go through osmosis or diffusion?A substance could not pass through osmosis since only water can pass to the place with the highest concentration. While by diffusion it could not happen due to its size or electric charge, neither if the concentration gradient is against it.
Active transport helps in this by passing elements against their concentration gradient, generating an energy expenditure for this to occur since this movement is not energetically possible.
Therefore, we can confirm that when a substance cannot move by osmosis or diffusion, it is because it cannot cross the plasma membrane due to its charge or size, and if it is by diffusion, it is because it is against its concentration gradient.
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Which installation method is most likely to put your computer at risk of downloading a virus?.
Internet installation method is most likely to put your computer at risk of downloading a virus.
Understanding viruses in computers
Viruses are files that interfere with the operational system on PCs and laptops, if the laptop is exposed to a viruses then automatically the laptop's performance will not be maximized, usually this form of virus interference such as the ability to load becomes slower / slower, the loss of files that we save suddenly , the laptop restarts repeatedly, if you are faced with a great virus sometimes the OS will be deleted, this will force us to reinstall the OS on the laptop.
What is called a virus in a computer is an annoying file, so every file that can interfere with the performance of the OS is a virus, this annoying file can be in the form of ordinary files that we intentionally store but are damaged, Worms, Trojan Horses, Spyware, and malicious malware that is installed either intentionally or not. Actually we don't need to be afraid of being too much with what is called a virus in a PC / laptop, as long as we want to take the anticipatory steps correctly, then the possibility of a virus can interfere with our laptop is very small.
Here's how to prevent and avoid viruses from entering your computer or laptop:
1.Use a compatible and bona fide antivirus, always update the antivirus;
2. If your computer or laptop is often used to browse the internet, then use an antivirus that has Internet Security features;
3.Activate Firewall on Windows that you are using;
4.Always update Security Update on Windows Security;
5. Do not get into the habit of storing data on drive C for too long;
6. Identify all the data that you store on the laptop, and immediately discard/delete if there is data that you do not recognize;
7. Delete registry files that are not needed regularly;
8. If you are going to transfer data from another device/device, try not to open it when it is still connected, so send/copy it directly and then disconnect the device/device;
9.Use cleaning tools like Ccleaner, TuneUp Utility, etc.
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Third-party installation method. This method is usually done when we want to add an application that is on our computer, and if we use an unverified third party, the computer's risk of getting a virus increases.
Explanation:When using a computer, sometimes we want to add software or applications that are on our computers according to the needs at that time. However, some applications are required to make a payment beforehand or there are applications that cannot be obtained officially.Therefore, as an alternative, some people like to get these applications through third parties, even though there are already verified parties, but some are still not verified.For those who has not been officially verified, we usually call it a cracker application.When downloading through unverified parties, we usually do not understand what we are downloading in the process and tend to follow each stage. However, without realizing it, sometimes what we download unconsciously is a virus or contains a virus that will harm our computer and data.Learn more
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What model organism are you using for the genetic mutation experiments?
Answer: zebrafish
Explanation:
Since the 1960s, the zebrafish has become increasingly important to scientific research. It has many characteristics that make it a valuable model for studying human genetics and disease.
the effects of sympathoadrenal and parasympathetic nerve activity on the cardiac rate and stroke volume.
The volume of a stroke and the heart rate. From of the adrenal gland, dopamine & adrenaline.
What takes place after a stroke?Brain activity is lost when brain cells are destroyed. It's possible that you won't be able to perform tasks that require that section of your brain. For instance, a stroke may impair your capacity to move, communicate, eat, think, and recall, as well as your capacity to control your bowel & bladder, emotions, and other essential bodily processes.
Is a stroke a result of stress?Stress can increase blood pressure, raise blood sugar and fat levels, and make the heart work harder. Due to these factors, there is a higher chance that clots will develop, spread to the heart and brain, and result in a stroke or a stroke.
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can someone please double check my work?
(the cell is permeable to only na+,k+. impermeable to starch.)
Due to starch molecules' size, which is too large to fit through the dialysis machine's pores, the synthetic selectively permeable membranes is unable to flow through it.
How come this membrane is considered permeable?Due to its ability to control the flow of chemicals into and out of cells, the plasma membrane is known as a selectively permeable membrane. It indicates that despite blocking the passage of some materials, the plasma membrane allows the passage of others.
what is the definition of a permeable membrane?The cell wall in plant cells is a prime example of the a permeable membrane in nature. For plant cells, cell walls act as support and defense. Water, chemicals, and proteins can pass through them without restriction. The plant cells can now freely interchange nutrients and water as a result.
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you look at a blood cell and see that it has no nucleus; instead it has irregularly shaped fragments inside of it. what kind of cell it is?
You look at a blood cell and see that it has no nucleus; instead it has irregularly shaped fragments inside of it which means that the kind of cell is a platelet.
What is Platelet?This is referred to as a tissue which forms part of the blood and it is responsible in the formation of clots which helps to to stop bleeding.
Platelets can only be seen under microscope as a result of it very small shape. It has no nucleus; instead it has irregularly shaped fragments inside of it which is therefore the reason why platelet was chosen as the correct choice.
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Which statement describes one difference between eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells
A Only eukaryotic cells are found in unicellular organisms
B Eukaryotic cells are smaller and less complex than prokaryotic cells
C Only eukaryotic cells contain DNA
D Only eukaryotic cells have specialized organelles enclosed in membranes
The one difference between eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells is that only eukaryotic cells have specialized organelles enclosed in membranes.
The single membrane layer surrounds the prokaryotic cells but there are two surrounding membranes in the case of eukaryotic cells which are the plasma membrane and the nuclear membrane. The cell wall in the plasma membrane is made up of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and certain amino acids, whereas chitin and cellulose combine together to make up the cell wall of eukaryotic cells. The cell membrane of the prokaryotic cells contains the Respiratory enzyme while the cell membrane of the eukaryotic doesn't contain this enzyme. In prokaryotic cells, endocytosis and exocytosis do not occur and it takes place in many protists and also in animals.
I hope this answer helps.
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The function of hemoglobin is to carry ________ from the lungs throughout the body.
Answer:
oxygen
Explanation:
You can think of hemoglobin as the iron ("heme"), oxygen transport protein, ("globin") found in red blood cells.
which phase of mitosis is characterized by each pair of sister chromatids moving to opposite sides of the cell?(1 point) responses prophase
Each pair of sister chromatids moves to the opposing sides of the cell during the mitotic phase known as telophase.
The results of prophase are reversed during telophase. The spindle disintegrates, the chromosomes start to decondense, and the nuclear membranes and nucleoli reform during telophase.The chromatids are moved to opposing ends of the cell until two sets of nuclei are created during the last stage of mitosis, known as telophase.Telophase is the final stage before to the onset of cytokinesis, or the separation of the cytoplasm into two halves.To learn more about prophase click here ,
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which is not an example of paleoclimate proxy data? group of answer choices corals ice cores ocean temperatures tree rings
Not example of paleoclimate proxy data is ocean temperatures.
What is paleoclimate proxy data?
Assessment and evaluation of climate change must be carried out using recorded observational data as well as prepared and provided proxy data. Paleoclimatologists (climatologists who study past climates or paleo) use the term "proxies" to describe the way climate change is recorded in nature.
Here's paleoclimate proxy data:
Historical data can contain a lot of information about past climates.Corals, build their hard skeletons from calcium carbonate a mineral extracted from seawater.PollenIce cores, located high in the mountains and near the poles, have accumulated from snowfall over thousands of years.Tree rings, climatic conditions affect tree growth, patterns of tree ring widths, densities, and isotopic composition reflect variations in climate.Caves, these dungeons contain secrets to Earth's climate in speleothems also known as stalactites, stalagmites, and other formations.Pack rat middensareOcean and lake sediments, billions of tones of sediment accumulate in the sea and lake basins each year, providing a tremendous amount of information about the environment.Learn more about paleoclimate proxy here https://brainly.com/question/23529208
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For a gene that has four alleles in nature, what is the maximum number of genotypes that can exist in a population?.
For a gene that has 4 alleles in nature, the maximum number of genotypes that can exist is 10 genotypes.
How is relationship between alleles normally described ?The relationship between allele frequencies and genotype frequencies in populations at Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium is normally described the use of a trait for which there are two alleles existing at the locus of interest.Number of genotypes for a given wide variety of alleles given 'n' alleles at a locus, the range genotypes viable is the sum of the integers between 1 and n, formula for 4 alleles:1 + 2 + 3 + 4 = 10 genotypes
An allele is a variant shape of a gene. Some genes have a range of one of a kind forms, which are located at the same position, or genetic locus, on a chromosome.Learn moreMaterial about allele here: brainly.com/question/2597008
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the one term the amoeba sisters don't mention in their discussion of other effects is? epigenetics multifactorial pleiotropic polygenic
They are referred to as polygenic characteristics. Each gene's allele has a negligible additive influence on the phenotype.
Is an amoeba a virus or bacteria?
Prokaryotes include bacteria. A eukaryote is an amoeba. A few organelles as well as genuine nuclei are absent. Several organelles & nuclei are present in these eukaryotes.
Can you treat amoeba?Antibiotics are used in the treatment of amebiasis to eradicate the infection. Whether or not you are experiencing symptoms will determine which antibiotics your doctor recommends. Even if you are symptom-free, you could still require one sort of antibiotic. You might need to use two separate antibiotics if you do exhibit symptoms.
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insertion of additional repeats in repetitive segments of dna often is a result of what? translation errors replication slippage chromosome rearrangements transformation transcription slippage
The insertion of additional repeats in a repeating DNA segment is often the result of slippage.
What is slippage?Slippage is a mutation process that occurs during DNA replication which involves denaturation and displacement of DNA strands and will result in complementary base pair errors. A slip event usually occurs when a repeating nucleotide sequence (tandem repeat) is found at the site of replication. Tandem repeats are unstable regions of the genome where nucleotide insertions and deletions occur frequently, leading to genome rearrangements.
Slippage is found in both coding and non-coding regions. If these repeats are found in the coding region then variations in the polynucleotide sequence may result in the formation of abnormal proteins in eukaryotes. Many human diseases have been reported to be associated with trinucleotide repeated expansion including Huntington's disease
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describe different ways to harvest trees. what is the most sustainable? why? what is the least sustainable? why?
Using the theories of harvesting, we got that selecting logging is the most sustainable and single-tree selection is the least sustainable harvesting method for tree.
Selective logging is most profitable timber-harvesting method, which explains its choice for economic reasons. However, this actually effect is short-term and disrupts forest health, alongside with other selective cutting negative impacts on the environment.
Single tree selection is a natural regeneration system that was pioneered here in the Lake States. Used primarily in northern hardwood forests, single tree selection is a cutting method designed to regenerate and maintain uneven-aged stand`s.
Hence, the most sustainable way to harvest trees is selective logging as it is economical, and the least sustainable way of harvesting is single-tree selection as it is practiced mainly naturally because of regeneration.
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how will a smaller pcr product appear on an agarose gel after electrophoresis compared to a larger pcr product? explain why they appear differently.
Comparison of spectrophotometry, fluorometry, and qPCR with agarose gel to assess PCR product yield.
Primers are not always specific in their binding and can bind to an undesirable region of the template DNA, resulting in a larger-than-expected product size.The PCR primers are most likely amplifying a smaller segment of the gene spanning your target region. If you extract and sequence the 500 bp PCR band, you will know that it is a smaller product that could have included your target region. Smaller DNA fragments require higher agarose concentrations, whereas larger molecules require a lower agarose concentration. To make a gel, agarose powder is combined with an electrophoresis buffer and heated to a high temperature until it becomes a gel.
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why do humans suffer from sleepiness, decreased muscle activity, and decreased sex drive during illness? group of answer choices the virus saps the organism's energy and uses it to attack the body. an illness decreases blood flow to the brain and muscles. they are useful ways of conserving energy while the body is attacking the illness. the body is so weakened from illness that it cannot do much of anything.
Humans suffer from these shortcomings during sickness as they are useful ways to conserve energy while the body is fighting the sickness.
How does our body fight illness?
Keeping foreign things out of our body is the most general way for our body to fight illness. This is the primary job of the immune system of our body.
Our primary defense against harmful things is the physical barriers, like skin. Our body also produces chemicals that destroy pathogens like, lysozyme that are found on skinless parts of our body, which includes tears and mucus membranes.
As long as the immune system works smoothly, we don’t even notice its presence. But the reason we get ill/sick is when it stops working properly. This is due to a weak immune system or harmful aggressive bacteria.
Without our immune system, we would be susceptible to all and every harmful pathogen.
Hence, when we get sick, we suffer with things like decreased muscle activity, sleepiness etc as our body is conserving energy as it fights off the illness.
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Which objective lens should you start with when attempting to locate something under the microscope?.
When attempting to locate something under the microscope, the objective lens that should be started with is 4X.
Objective lens are the one that are placed closest to the specimen when observing under the microscope. Their function is to gather light from the specimen and focus it towards a different type of lens called the ocular lens.
4X is the lowest magnification of the objective lenses. However, they have a larger field of view and therefore more of the specimen can be observed at once that allows the observer to locate the exact target. Due to poor magnification, the target may not be clearly visible, however it can be later watched in higher magnification.
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What is the purpose of spindle fibers during mitosis?
Answer: Separate the Sister Chromatids
Explanation: Spindle Fibers are on either end of the cell pulling the chromosomes apart during Anaphase
psa11 and pdh223 confer erythromycin resistance on f. johnsoniae, but not on e. coli. how would the outcome of this experiment have been different if psa11 and pdh223 conferred erythromycin resistance on both f. johnsoniae and e. coli? explain.
If psa11 and pdh223 conferred erythromycin resistance on both f. johnsoniae and e. coli we will see both colonies as there will be no resistance on an agar plate.
PSA11 and pdh223 confer erythromycin resistance on f. Johnsonian, but not on e. coli as when pSA11 and pDH223 were transferred into F. johnsoniae bacteria leads to resistance against Erythromycin but not in E. coli.
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA), moreover known as gamma-selenoprotein or kallikrein-3 (KLK3), P-30 antigen, maybe a glycoprotein protein encoded in humans by the KLK3 quality.
PSA could be a part of the kallikrein-related peptidase family and is emitted by the epithelial cells of the prostate gland. Flavobacterium johnsoniae could be a gram-negative bacterium that shows coasting motility.
To decide the component of flavobacterial coasting motility, we confined 33 non gliding mutants by Tn4351 mutagenesis. Seventeen of these mutants showed filamentous cell morphology.
The locale of DNA encompassing the transposon addition within the filamentous mutant CJ101-207 was cloned and sequenced.
The transposon was embedded in a quality that was comparable to Escherichia coli ftsX. Two of the remaining 16 filamentous mutants too carried inclusions in ftsX.
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In 3-5 sentences describe the relationship between a glucose molecule and the products it makes during cellular respiration
During Cellular Respiration, glucose is broken down into many different pieces turning into pyruvate and lead to release of electrons. During cellular respiration, this is a process known as glycolysis which takes place in cytoplasm. The pyruvate then oxidizes (meaning it loses the electrons which produce energy) and turns into acetyl CoA which is used in Krebs/citric acid cycle.
Cellular respiraton is a chain of chemical reactions that smash down glucose to produce ATP, which may be used as strength to strength many reactions throughout the frame. There are 3 foremost steps of cellular breathing: glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation.
Cellular respiration is the process that happens inside the mitochondria of organisms (animals and flora) to interrupt down sugar inside the presence of oxygen to release electricity inside the form of ATP. This technique releases carbon dioxide and water as waste products.
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what will happen to the cl- equilibrium potential, if one changes the extracellular chloride concentration from 560 mm to 100 mm? give the direction of cl- flow.
The chlorine (cl-) will flow from higher concentration to lower concentration, that is from 560 mm towards the 100 mm direction.
Concentration gradient is more important in cellular metabolism. They maintain the solute solvent interaction properly.
To maintain a stable concentration, the cell attains an equilibrium of solute solvent. That is they flow from higher concentration to lower concentration to maintain an equilibrium.
Chloride ions (Cl−) are pivotal in neuronal signaling; they permeate through anion channels thereby regulating membrane potential and excitability in neurons. A large proportion of Cl− permeable channels are gated by the neurotransmitters GABA and glycine.
Neurotransmitters are signaling molecules that flow from one cell receptor to another to transfer signals to other cells and tissues of the body. Therefore, to maintain equilibrium, the cl- ion will flow from higher concentration to lower concentration.
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A bird that preys on moths is introduced to the habitat with moths and trees like the ones shown below.
A white moth and a black moth are shown.
What will most likely happen to the population of moths in this habitat?
Answer:They will minimize/the population will go down.
Explanation: The moths are used to not being eaten and a new bird that eats them as their main source of food is introduced, then the population will go down as they will be feasted upon
multicellular organisms undergo mitotic cell division to a.produce new organisms. b.produce gametes. c.increase the variability of the population. d.increase the size of the organism.
Multicellular organisms undergo mitotic cell division to d.)increase the size of the organism. Hence option d) is the correct answer.
Why multicellular organisms undergo mitotic cell division?Mitosis is very important to multicellular organisms because it provides new cells for growth and replacement of worn-out cells. Many single-celled organisms depends on mitosis as the primary means of asexual reproduction
During mitosis, a cell duplicates its contents, including chromosomes and splits to form two identical daughter cells. Multicellular organisms require cell division to grow and replace dead/ damaged cells. Single-celled organisms reproduce through unicellular cell division
Process where a single cell divides into two genetically identical daughter cells is called mitosis.
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PLSSS HELP IF YOU TURLY KNOW THISS
Answer: It's D hope this helps
Explanation:
g at which point would you expect the largest number of voltage-gated sodium channels to be in an inactivated state?
Voltage-gated sodium channels are observed in lots of one of a kind mobileular sorts during the body, while epithelial sodium channels are mainly observed withinside the pores and skin and kidney.
The activation gates open whilst the membrane potential rises to about 55 mV (in this situation added on via way of means of an motion potential), permitting positively charged Na+ ions to go into the neuron thru the channels and elevating the voltage throughout the neuronal membrane in human neurons to +30 mV.
Voltage-gated Na(+) channels (VGSCs) begin motion potentials, which ends up in short electric sign transmission throughout mobileular membranes and among cells. In addition to commencing VGSCs, depolarization of the mobileular membrane additionally outcomes in a nonconducting circumstance acknowledged as inactivation.
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Meiosis is important because it keeps the number of chromosomes constant within a species. True or false?.
Answer:
true
Explanation:
Meiosis halves the number of chromosomes, so out gametes are haploid. During fertilization, the zygote ends up with the "original" number od chromosomes.
why does the glucose concentration in the urine within the urinary bladder become zero in these experiments?
More glucose transporters lead to greater absorption of glucose.
What changed as the number of glucose carriers rose in terms of the amount of glucose found in the urine.a person's heart rate. For further information, Investigating the Impact of Glucose Carrier Proteins on Glucose Reabsorption. As the number of glucose carriers increased. The level of glucose was reduced.
What is the name of the glucose loss in the urine?When blood sugar (also known as blood glucose) enters the urine, you get glycosuria. Any liquid that travels through your kidneys will normally cause blood sugar to be absorbed back into your blood vessels. When you have glycosuria, your kidneys might not be able to remove enough blood sugar from your urine.
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What is a similarity between genes and chromosomes?
Responses
both come in pairs
both are fragments of genetic information
both contain information needed to synthesize proteins,
both are tightly wound up into condensed structures
Answer:
both come in pairs
Explanation:
because of meiosis both start off in pairs but later chromosomes separate into two unidentical daughter cells during anaphase and genes seperate to haploid cells
in mice, the copy of the igf 2 gene that is inherited from the mother is never expressed in her offspring. this happens because the igf 2 gene from the mother a. always undergoes a mutation that inactivates its function. b. is deleted during oogenesis. c. is deleted during embryonic development. d. is not transcribed in the somatic cells of the offspring.
in mice, the copy of the if 2 gene that is inherited from the mother is never expressed in her offspring. this happens because the if 2 gene from the mother is not transcribed in the somatic cells of the offspring.
Option B is Correct : is not transcribed in the somatic cells of the offspring.
Somatic cells in humans are diploid, which means they have two sets of chromosomes, one from each parent. Although somatic cell DNA mutations can have an impact on an individual, they cannot be passed on to a person's progeny.somatic tissues. All living things are composed of somatic cells, which are the basic building blocks of all organisms. Somatic cells in humans are diploid, which means they have two sets of chromosomes, one set from each parent. Somatic mutations can affect the person who has them but cannot be passed on to their offspring and have no impact on them.
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olfactory neurons have the capacity to regenerate in adulthood, while brain neurons do not. why is it thought olfactory neurons adapted this function?
Compared to all other cranial nerves, the olfactory nerve is unique due to its inherent ability to regenerate.
What is olfactory nerve?Olfactory sensory neurons is located in the nasal epithelium that detects and transmits odorant information to the central nervous system. This requires that these neurons form a specific neuronal connections within the olfactory bulb and express receptors and signaling molecules particularly for these functions.
After peripheral sensory neurons detects an odorant ,the signal is relayed to the OB in the brain. This portion of the olfactory system that is the OB is also a subject to modification by lifelong neurogenesis.
Olfactory nerve is the first cranial nerve and this nerve enables your olfactory system and also sense of smell.
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