One way that genes can be predicted in genome sequences is by using computational algorithms that identify open reading frames (ORFs), which are stretches of DNA that are likely to encode proteins.
These algorithms take into account features such as codon usage, start and stop codons, and conservation across related genomes to identify potential protein-coding genes within a given sequence. Additional evidence such as expression data, homology to known genes, and functional annotations can be used to refine and validate these predictions.Pre-mRNA has a number of distinct sequence segments that are recognised by the spliceosome and then excised from the pre-mRNA during the RNA splicing process. Exons are the sections that stuck to form mRNA while introns are certain parts that are deleted.Because distinct introns are always removed in order to convert pre-mRNA to mRNA, gene sequences in the eukaryotic genome can code for more than one protein.
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