what is retrospective data? why is the use of retrospective data considered a shortcoming in scientific research?

Adolescents and their parents are most likely to have disagreements regarding homework, which means option A is the right answer.

The wide age gap between the kids and their parents is the reason for most conflicts as the new generation does things which are way ahead of the culture and values their parents have and so these two generations are unable to meet a common point. It is expected from parents to accept the new modern changes while from children to learn to adjust with some values and inculcate them in daily practice.

The adolescents are grown up kids and ale to take decisions for their own based on their caliber. It is not necessary that what they think or do may be correct always, but the hormonal changes makes them feel superior and reluctant. Therefore when they refrain from not doing any homework, they assume it as their pride, but on the other hand, parents know that through such acts they are risking their career and academic excellence which they might realize later.

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It is true that there was a widespread response to people deemed insane in the past because, "they were generally isolated from society." Here option C is the correct answer.

Those who were thought to be mad were frequently looked with distrust and fear in ancient times. They were often shut out of society, either via confinement in institutions or through community rejection and ostracism.

Those with mental illness were sometimes subjected to severe physical punishments, such as whipping or beatings, in an effort to drive away evil spirits that were thought to inhabit them. Those with mental illnesses were regarded as holy and thought to have been touched by the gods in other societies.

The given question is incomplete, the complete question is:

Which of the following is true about a widespread response to individuals who were considered insane in ancient times? make MCQ option

A. They were often subjected to harsh physical punishments

B. They were revered as holy and treated with reverence

C. They were typically isolated from society

D. They were given medical treatment to cure their mental illness

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Answer:

Psychiatric symptoms as a reaction to medical condition or treatments

Explanation:

American chemist Percy Julian created cortisone, hormones, and other chemicals from soybeans.

In his studies, Julian isolated simple chemicals from natural goods, looked into how those chemicals were naturally transformed into chemicals necessary for life, such as vitamins and hormones, and then tried to synthesise the chemicals. Early in his career, Julian gained notoriety for creating the physostigmine medication, which is used to treat glaucoma.

In World War II, the U.S. Navy deployed foam fire extinguishers called Aero-Foam, which was made possible by the refinement of a soy protein. He oversaw research that led to increased manufacturing of cortisone medications and the hormones progesterone (for females) and testosterone (for males).

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Private law  is not a component of modern legal systems. In this case option D is correct

Private law is that portion of a civil law legal system that deals with interpersonal relationships. It includes the law of contracts and torts[1] (referred to as private law in civil legal systems) and the law of obligations

It is to be distinguished from public law, which deals with interactions between both human and non-human entities (i.e., organizations) and the state, including criminal law, regulatory statutes, and other laws that have an impact on the general welfare.

In general, private law deals with interactions between private parties, whereas public law deals with interactions between the government and the general populace.

One of thefive capital-crime attorneys under Roman law, Domitius Ulpianus

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A 1% income tax on individuals earning $125,000 annually or $200,000 for married couples is used to pay for the policy. Additionally, it imposes a 1% tax on companies with annual revenue of $5 million or above.

Voters in the greater Portland area supported a ballot initiative in 2020 to raise funds for subsidized housing services for those who are homeless or at danger of becoming so. 1% of your personal income is taxed in order to help support the SHS program. Individuals who live, work, or receive income through Metro sources despite not being a Metro resident must pay the SHS personal taxes if their Metro taxable income exceeds $125,000 for single filers and $200,000 for joint filers. For Metro, the tax is managed by the Revenue Division of the City of Portland. To comply with the tax law, individuals who are responsible for the tax must submit a distinct Metro SHS personal taxes return and pay the taxes to the City of Portland Revenue Division. KGW wants to take a closer look at how the funds from Metro's homeless tax initiative that passed last year will be used because it is expected to begin flowing in shortly.

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The school's educational mission should include interscholastic athletics. The majority of kids' lives are shaped by their instructor or coach. Being professional in all facets of your coaching is crucial. The teacher or coach has a duty to promote the pupils' competitive performance as well as their physical, social, personal, and psychological growth.

The objectives of interscholastic sports include promoting life skills and lessons, improving academic achievement, and aiding teenagers in developing their sport abilities, physical fitness, self-discipline, sportsmanship, teamwork, time management skills, self-confidence, and mental toughness.

Any athletic or sporting endeavor in which there is competition between or among various schools, including cheerleading and drill team, is referred to as interscholastic athletics.

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According to a broad interpretation, the authority "to mint money" and "control the value thereof" authorizes regulation of every aspect of the topic of currency.

Congress has the power to establish banks, grant them the ability to print coining money, and impose restrictions on the circulation of notes that were not created with its permission. The authority to coin money, control commerce, declare war, build and maintain military troops, and establish a post office are among the assigned authorities.

The Constitution grants the federal government a total of 27 exclusive powers. Congress is allowed to print money and set its value under Section 8. States are not permitted to create or print their own money under Section 10. A national currency was plainly planned by the framers.

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The statement that is true about social cognition is that adolescents are more able than children to step outside themselves and see things from other vantage points.

Social cognition is the process by which individuals perceive, interpret, and understand information about the social world. Adolescents undergo significant changes in their social cognition as they navigate the transition from childhood to adulthood. Research has shown that during adolescence, individuals develop greater perspective-taking abilities, which allow them to understand the thoughts, feelings, and motivations of others more accurately. This development is due to changes in brain function and increased exposure to diverse social experiences. Adolescents also develop a greater capacity for abstract thinking and can better understand complex social situations and rules. However, adolescents may not necessarily have a more differentiated and nuanced understanding of social norms than adults. Adults have had more time and experience to develop a deeper understanding of social norms and expectations, and may also have a more refined sense of moral reasoning. In terms of understanding that social rules are subjective, research has shown that both children and adolescents understand that social rules are constructed and not absolute, although they may still struggle with understanding the nuances and complexities of social norms. Adolescents may also hold a wide range of opinions about when it is appropriate to limit the rights of certain people, which can vary based on their individual experiences, values, and social contexts.

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The Columbian exchange had a significant impact by allowing for the exchange of plants, animals, and other resources between the Old World and the New World. This exchange of plants and animals is known as the Columbian exchange, named after Christopher Columbus, who is credited with starting the exchange.

The movement of plants and animals from their hearths was greatly facilitated by the Columbian exchange. Before the Columbian exchange, the Old World and the New World had very different ecosystems, with different plants and animals. The Columbian exchange allowed for the introduction of new plants and animals to these ecosystems, which had a significant impact on the movement of plants and animals from their hearths.

For example, the introduction of new crops, such as corn and potatoes, to the Old World had a significant impact on agriculture and the movement of plants from their hearths. Similarly, the introduction of new animals, such as horses and cattle, to the New World had a significant impact on the movement of animals from their hearths.

Overall, the Columbian exchange had a significant impact on the movement of plants and animals from their hearths, as it allowed for the exchange of new plants and animals between the Old World and the New World.

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When individuals sell their labor for wages, in the factor market in the circular flow model are they interacting. Hence, the right answer is option D.

The circular flow model shows the flow of money in market. Wages and other payments for commodities are sent back and forth among employers and employees. In other words, an economy is a never-ending cycle of money flowing from producers to employees as they spend money on goods and services.

It is possible to make the models more intricate by including factors that increase the money supply, such as exports, and factors that decrease it, such as imports. Governments and central banks can modify monetary and fiscal policy to enhance an economy by analysing the circular flow model as well as its current impact on GDP.

The correct answer is option D.

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There are many different poisons that can be detected in bones during an autopsy. However, some poisons are known to accumulate in bones and can be detected even after a long time has passed since the person's death.

One example of a poison that can be detected in bones is arsenic. Arsenic is a toxic element that was once commonly used in pesticides and as a poison. It can accumulate in bones over time and can be detected through various forensic techniques such as mass spectrometry. Other poisons that can be detected in bones include lead, mercury, and strychnine, among others.

It's important to note that the specific poison found would depend on the circumstances of the case and the toxicology results from the autopsy. The police and forensic scientists involved in the investigation would be the best source of information on the specific poison that was detected in this particular case.

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The most likely cause of virilization of the external genitalia in a 12-year-old girl is a condition called congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). CAH is a genetic disorder that affects the adrenal gland's ability to produce cortisol and other hormones.

As a result, the body produces more androgens, which can cause virilization of the external genitalia in girls. This condition is typically diagnosed through genetic testing and hormone level testing, and treatment may involve hormone replacement therapy or surgery.

Chemical messengers known as hormones are created by endocrine glands. They control a range of physical processes and behaviours, such as growth, metabolism, mood, and reproduction.

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Similar judgements were reached in Hernandez v. Texas and Board of Education. Racial segregation in schools led to discrimination against African-American pupils, a clear violation of the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment, and was the main topic of the 1954 ruling Brown v. Board of Education.

The Hernandez ruling should be used in circumstances like these, according to amicus curiae papers that an interest organisation could Amendment. An interest group could encourage members of Congress to increase civil rights by using the Hernandez case. Hernandez asserted that Jackson County discriminated against people of Texas origin as a special class since a Mexican-American had not sat on a jury in more than 25 years.

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The concept we use here to help Natalie is self-regulation. it basically helps the individuals to identify their behaviors, understand the consequences of those behaviors, and develop strategies to modify them.

In Natalie’s case, she can be  tutored to pause before responding to multiple- choice questions. She can take a many seconds to read all the options,  dissect the question, and  also  elect the most applicable answer. rehearsing this process will help her come  apprehensive of her impulsive tendencies,

and modify her  behaviour over time. also, Natalie can use positive  underpinning  ways to award herself for  opting  the correct answer and taking her time. tone- regulation is a  important tool that can help Natalie develop an effective strategy to control her impulsive  behaviour.

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Option d is Correct. This is an illustration of a one-group pretest-posttest design. Due to its flaws and many validity concerns, the one-group posttest-only approach is known as pre-experimental research rather than quasi-experimental research.

There is no clear means to quantify change in this type of study because the group is not pretested and subjects are only tested after the therapy. One of the more popular test-and-retest designs is the one-group pretest-posttest design, in which the experimental group is tested in some way before the treatment (by manipulating the independent variable) and again after the treatment.

Both the experimental group and the comparison group are tested in the pretest and posttest design with a comparison group, both before and after the experimental group receives treatment.

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Correct Question:

Group of twenty-five Labrador retrievers and their owners, are brought to the research lab one by one. The Labrador retrievers are shown various stimuli, including a squirrel that runs along a wire at the top of the lab, to elicit barking. Then the owners command the dogs to stop barking, and the stimulus is repeated. The duration of barking is measured. Then the owners are taught a different technique for quieting their barking dogs. A week later, the dogs and their owner sreturn to the lab, the stimuli are introduced, and the duration of barking is measured. This is an example of what type of design?

a. Pretest and posttest design with comparison group

b. Pretest and posttest design with removed-treatment

c. One-group posttest-only design

d. One-group pretest-posttest design

The scientific discovery in the renaissance period was the invention of Telescope, Microscope and printing press. Also, the shift of focus on humanity instead of the divine, was in the renaissance period.

The achievements in the field of literature in Renaissance period was the the era of

These are prominent writers that changed the field of literature in their respective ways.

During the Renaissance period increased emphasis on humanism and individuality, as well as an increased willingness of writers to satirize existing institutions such as the church and state and to write secular rather than religious works.

The Renaissance is a period in European history marking the transition from the Middle Ages to modernity and covering the 15th and 16th centuries, characterized by an effort to revive and surpass ideas and achievements of classical antiquity.

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Answer:

Defintly .B.

Explanation:

The Schenck v. United States decision, which upheld the constitutionality of the Espionage Act of 1917 and restricted free speech during times of war, was a landmark case in American jurisprudence.

However, if an interest group disagreed with the decision, there are several actions that they could take to challenge it. One action that an interest group could take is to lobby for a change in legislation. Interest groups have the power to influence lawmakers and advocate for changes in laws that they believe are unconstitutional. In this case, an interest group could lobby for the repeal or amendment of the Espionage Act of 1917, which would effectively overturn the Schenck v. United States decision.

Another action that an interest group could take is to file a lawsuit challenging the decision. Interest groups have the right to file lawsuits and challenge court decisions they disagree with. They can file an amicus curiae brief, which is a legal document submitted to the court to provide information or arguments in support of a particular side in the case. The brief can be used to challenge the reasoning of the court and to provide alternative legal arguments.

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Krugman argues that if each country seeks to follow a strategic trade policy to protect its interests, this may lead to a trade war.

When one nation retaliates against another by increasing import tariffs or imposing other import restrictions, a trade war results. If one country believes that a rival country engages in unfair trade practises, trade wars may break out. Politicians may be under pressure from domestic trade unions or business lobbyists to reduce the appeal of imported goods to consumers, which could lead to a trade war. Also, a misunderstanding of the general advantages of free trade frequently leads to trade wars. Trade wars are typically viewed as a negative byproduct of protectionism. Government initiatives and regulations that impede trade internationally are referred to as protectionism.

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A conurbation is a geographic area made up of several metropolises, cities, big towns, or other urban districts that have fused into one continuous urban areas.

We have traded in the tractor for the city bus and the open landscape for one made of brick and masonry, all across the world, in a relatively short period of time. Today's Earth is urbanized. In fact, by 2008, metropolitan regions were home to more than 50% of the world's population. In 1800, it was 3 percent. Cities have drawn people throughout history as hubs of cultural, religion, learning, and finance. Thinking back, the first urban migratory wave primarily occurred in the more industrialized nations of today, particularly in North America and Europe. But looking ahead, 90% of the anticipated urban growth is anticipated to occur in Asia and Africa, and it is anticipated that more than two-thirds of all individuals would live in urban areas by 2050. Increasing work prospects, a centralized market, fair income, and greater personal wealth have all attracted people to cities, which is why urbanization is frequently associated with economics.

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Behavior therapy assumes that: a. behavior is the result of unconscious forces d. behavior is learned.

Behavioral therapy is a catch-all term for various types of therapy used to treat psychological disorders. This type of therapy seeks to identify and assist in the modification of responsibility to make unhealthy behaviors. It is based on the premise that all behaviors are learned and that behaviors can be modified.

The goal of behavior help educates you technics or skills to help you change your behavior. A shy person at a party, for example, might well have negative emotions and thoughts regarding themselves. They may also be socially inept. Psychotherapy teaches you new and more beneficial behaviors.

Many evidence-based psychotherapies, which include Protracted Exposure, CBT for Narcolepsy, and CBT for Depression, to name a few, incorporate behavioral techniques. These techniques all have one thing in common: they are focused.

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According the statement this Behaviour is associated with Generalized Anx-iety Disorder (GAD).

Generalized Anx-iety complaint( GAD) is an anx-iety  complaint that causes a person to feel constant  soli-citu-de, fear, and uneasiness. People with GAD  frequently feel like  com-modity bad is going to be indeed when there's no clear reason for it. Symptoms of GAD can include trouble sleeping, difficulty concentrating, muscle pressure,

Restlessness. GAD can  intrude with  daily life and it can be  delicate to manage. Treatment for GAD includes both  dru-g and comforting and may help reduce symptoms. Working with a therapist can help a person learn how to more  manage with the fear and worry that comes with the  complaint.

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One of William-Jose Velez’s main grievances in his rallies to support statehood for Puerto Rico is Puerto Rico has been denied the right to elect representatives. The correct answer is option(c).

Willian José da Silva, popular as Willian José, is a Brazilian professional footballer the one plays as a forward for La Liga club Real Betis. Puerto Rico is a Caribbean peninsula and unincorporated U.S. region accompanying a countryside of ridges, waterfalls, and the El Yunque lush rainforest. In San Juan, the capital and best city, the Isla Verde field is famous for its allure of lodging strip, waterfront bars, and casinos. Its Old San Juan surroundings appear rich Spanish pioneering houses and El Morro and La Fortaleza, large, day-traditional strongholds.

Puerto Rico, a reef in the Caribbean Sea, has existed as a domain of the United States because in 1898, later the U.S. beat Spain in the Spanish-American war. It's top secret as an “unincorporated domain,” the aim of the isle is conditional to the U.S. management but is give up responsibility for the shore.

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System where the national government shares power with state governments is called Federalism.

Federalism is a form of government in which power is shared between a central and regional authority; in the United States, both the federal government and the state governments have a significant amount of sovereignty.

The states were kept because of their well-established and already-functioning political institutions as well as because eighteenth-century "Americans" had strong sentimental ties to their individual states, despite the fact that some of the framers had hoped to establish a system of government that was somewhat akin to a unitary one.

The Constitution's authors reserved the majority of the powers for the states and only gave the federal government a few express powers.

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Mr. Webster's question, "which day of the week do students stay on task the most?", is an example of a research question. A research question is a specific inquiry that a researcher aims to answer through a study or investigation.

In this case, Mr. Webster is interested in understanding which day of the week his students stay on task the most. This question may be driven by his desire to identify the factors that influence his students' engagement and productivity in the classroom or to identify patterns that could inform his instructional practices.

Answering this research question would likely involve collecting and analyzing data, such as observing student behavior and task completion rates throughout the week. The results of this investigation could inform Mr. Webster's teaching strategies and help him better meet the needs of his students.

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1,036 illegal immigrants are detained by U.S. Border Patrol authorities in El Paso, Texas. Economic struggles and the prospect of violence propelled them.

Those categorised as immigrants

To put it simply, an immigrant is a person who was born in one country but currently resides in another. International migrants will always be considered such, regardless of whether they have obtained citizenship, served in the armed forces, married a native, or had another status.

immigration: People who move to a new place are known as immigrants. Emigrants: Emigrants are migrants who leave their destination.

Migrants are people who move away in pursuit of work or better living circumstances.

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Though they are classified in many ways, almost all classifications designate an emotion as either positive or negative.

Emotions are delusions brought on by neurophysiological changes, which can be connected in a variety of ways to thoughts, sensations, behavioral responses, and a degree of pleasure or discomfort. In academics, there does not appear to be a consensus on the definition.

There is evidence of a connection between emotions, temper, personality, disposition, and creativity. Numerous academic fields, including psychology, medicine, history, sociology of feelings, and computer engineering, have contributed to the growth in research on emotion during the past 20 years.

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Since 18-year-olds were given the right to vote in 1972, youth have been underrepresented in the population of voters as of 2003.

Proportional representation (PR), a type of electoral system, makes guarantee that the elected body fairly reflects each demographic group. The main focus of the concept is on the political affiliations of voters. Young people had the lowest attendance, but as a person gets older, turnout increases to a high at age 50 and then again declines.

Groups that were overrepresented in the electorate relative to their proportion of the population include:

-White/Caucasian: 73.3% of electorate but only 62.3% of population

-Educated: 41.6% of electorate but only 28.6% of population

-Middle-aged: 44.2% of electorate but only 30.2% of population

-High-income: 34.1% of electorate but only 20.8% of population

Groups that were underrepresented in the electorate relative to their proportion of the population include:

-African-American: 13.4% of electorate but 17.8% of population

-Low-income: 12.7% of electorate but 23.4% of population

-Young: 18.9% of electorate but 25.7% of population

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Answer:

almhouse

Explanation: