What is the oxidation state of oxygen (O) in the reactant O2(g)?

Taking into account the definition of pH and pOH, the hydroxide ion concentration will be 6.61×10⁻⁵ M.

pH is a measure of acidity or alkalinity that indicates the amount of hydrogen ions present in a solution or substance.

The pH is defined as the negative base 10 logarithm of the activity of hydrogen ions, that is, the concentration of hydrogen ions or H₃O⁺:

pH= - log [H⁺]= - log [H₃O⁺]

Similarly, pOH is a measure of hydroxyl ions in a solution and is expressed as the logarithm of the concentration of OH⁻ ions, with the sign changed:

pOH= - log [OH⁻]

The following relationship can be established between pH and pOH:

pOH + pH= 14

In this case you know that the hydrogen ion concentration is 1.5×10⁻¹⁰ M, this is, [H⁺]= 1.5×10⁻¹⁰ M.

Replacing in the definition of pH:

pH= - log (1.5×10⁻¹⁰ M)

Solving:

pH=  9.82

Replacing in the relationship established between pH and pOH, the pOH can be calculated as:

pOH + 9.82= 14

Solving:

pOH= 14 - 9.82

pOH= 4.18

Replacing in the definition of pOH, the concentration of hydroxide ion is obtained:

- log [OH⁻]= 4.18

Solving:

[OH⁻]= 10⁻⁴ ¹⁸

[OH⁻]= 6.61×10⁻⁵ M

In summary, the hydroxide ion concentration will be 6.61×10⁻⁵ M.

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If there was an inverse relationship between the temperature and the volume, our daily lives change because in high temperature things will contract.

If there was an inverse relationship between the temperature and the volume then with increasing temperature decrease occur in the volume of a substance. If this type of relationship is present in the world, the objects will contract when the temperature is high and expand when the temperature is low which make the solid materials expand at winter and contract at summer season.

So we can conclude that if there was an inverse relationship between the temperature and the volume, our daily lives change because in high temperature things will contract.

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Answer:

4.0  x 10^-6 moles

Explanation:

0.0040 M Ba(OH)2      means there is .0040 moles per liter

    you want 1 ml which is 1/1000 liter so you get 1/1000 of the moles

= .0000040 moles

The product of the given reaction and the balanced form is as follows: Cu3(PO4)2 + 2Fe(OH)3 → 2FePO4 + 3Cu(OH)2 (option C).

A chemical reaction involves the formation of products from the combination of two or more reactants.

However, for the reaction to be balanced, the number of moles of each element on both sides of the equation must be equal.

According to this question, the following reaction is given: Cu3(PO4)2 + Fe(OH)3 → ?

The product of the given reaction and the balanced form is as follows: Cu3(PO4)2 + 2Fe(OH)3 → 2FePO4 + 3Cu(OH)2.

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If the mass of the sun is 2x, at least one planet will fall into the habitable zone. if I place a planet in orbits 84, 1, and 5, and all planets will orbit the sun successfully.

The size of the sun and motion of planets around it is illustrated below;

If the mass of the sun is 1x, at least one planet will fall into the habitable zone. if I place a planet in orbits 2, 6, and 75, and all planets will orbit the sun successfully.

If the mass of the sun is 2x, at least one planet will fall into the habitable zone. if I place a planet in orbits 84, 1, and 5, and all planets will orbit the sun successfully.

If the mass of the sun is 3x, at least one planet will fall into the habitable zone if I place a planet in orbits 672, and 7 and all planets will orbit the sun successfully.

Thus, If the mass of the sun is 2x, at least one planet will fall into the habitable zone. if I place a planet in orbits 84, 1, and 5, and all planets will orbit the sun successfully.

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Answer:

78.7

Explanation:

The number has 4 significant figures: 7,8 6 and 5.

To round off to 3 significant figures, the target digit is the third significant figure in the number.The determining digit is the fourth significant figure in the number; it is 5 hence the target digit will go up by 1 and any digits to the right of it will be rounded down to 0.

Answer:

X = ¹₀n

Explanation:

The mass number is the total amount of neutrons and protons in the element. The atomic number is the total protons in the element. The mass number is the superscript and the atomic number is the subscript. The mass and atomic numbers must be balanced on both sides of the equation. The element can be identified by the atomic number.

In the event that we have an atomic number of zero, there is no element this represents, so the letter "n" should be used.

²³₁₁Na + ¹₁H  →  ²³₁₂Mg + X

Mass Number:

Reactants = Products

23 + 1 = 23 + ?

24 = 23 + ?

1 = ?

Atomic Number:

Reactants = Products

11 + 1 = 12 + ?

12 = 12 + ?

0 = ?

The complete equation is:

²³₁₁Na + ¹₁H  →  ²³₁₂Mg + ¹₀n

Answer:

80.5%

Explanation:

The percent yield is made up of the theoretical yield and actual yield. The theoretical yield is the amount of product produced from the balanced chemical equation and molar masses. The actual yield is the amount of product produced in an experiment.

To find the percent yield, you need to (1) convert grams C₃H₈ to moles C₃H₈ (via molar mass), then (2) convert moles C₃H₈ to moles CO₂ (via mole-to-mole ratio from equation coefficients), then (3) convert moles CO₂ to grams CO₂ (via molar mass), and then (4) calculate the percent yield. It is important to arrange the conversions/ratios in a way that allows for the cancellation of units.

(Steps 1 - 3)

Molar Mass (C₃H₈): 3(12.01 g/mol) + 8(1.01 g/mol)

Molar Mass (C₃H₈): 44.11 g/mol

Molar Mass (CO₂): 12.01 g/mol + 2(16.0 g/mol)

Molar Mass (CO₂): 44.01 g/mol

1 C₃H₈ + 5 O₂ -----> 3 CO₂ + 4 H₂O

296 g C₃H₈           1 mole            3 moles CO₂           44.01 g
-------------------  x  ----------------  x  ----------------------  x  ----------------  =  886 g CO₂
                               44.11 g            1 mole C₃H₈            1 mole

(Step 4)

                                  Actual Yield
Percent Yield  =  ------------------------------  x  100%
                              Theoretical Yield

                                713 g CO₂
Percent Yield  =  ----------------------  x  100%
                                886 g CO₂

Percent Yield  =  80.5%

Answer:

1187   ( four   S.D. )

Explanation:

(433.621 - 333.9) × 11.900         333.9 has only 4 S.D.      answer should only have 4 S.D

= 1186.6799 = ~  1187     with 4 Significant Digits

Fe is undergoing oxidation while S is undergoing reduction

Oxidation-reduction reaction can simply be defined as a special type of chemical reaction in which the oxidation states of substrate change. Oxidation is the

So therefore, Fe is undergoing oxidation while S is undergoing reduction

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The mass of pentane the student should weigh out is

The density of pentane is 0.626 gcm-3

To calculate the mass of pentane following expression is used,

(Density is defined as the mass divide by volume)

Density = mass / volume

mass of pentane = Density of pentane * Volume of pentane

mass of pentane = 0.626 gcm-3 * 45.0 mL

                             = 28.17 g

Here the unit of mass of pentane is g,

However the unit of density is gcm-3 and unit of volume is mL i.e. cm3

Hence,   Mass = gcm-3 * cm3

              Mass = g

The mass of pentane the student should weigh out is 28.17g

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The pH of a 0.0100 M sodium benzoate solution is determined as 8.09.

The pH of a solution is a measure of hydrogen (H+) ion concentration, which is, in turn, a measure of acidity of the solution.

pH is can also be determined from pOH of the solution as shown below;

pH = 14 - pOH

let the hydroxyl concentration, OH = x

x²/M = kb

x²/0.01 = 1.5 x 10⁻¹⁰

x² = 1.5 x 10⁻¹²

x = √(1.5 x 10⁻¹²)

x = 1.2247 x 10⁻⁶

pOH = - log(OH⁻)

pOH = -log( 1.2247 x 10⁻⁶)

pOH = 5.91

pH = 14 - 5.91

pH = 8.09

Thus, the pH of a 0.0100 M sodium benzoate solution is determined as 8.09.

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The procedure to purify/separate these enzymes might be associated with the ion exchange chromatography methodology.

The ion exchange chromatography methodology is a technique to separate molecules such as proteins (in this case enzymes) based on their charge.

The ion exchange chromatography methodology is based on the use of different types of resins that allow the separation of molecules based on their charges and mass.

In conclusion, the procedure to purify/separate these enzymes might be associated with the ion exchange chromatography methodology.

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The condition that will increase the entropy in a reaction is heating up the reaction (option B).

Entropy in chemistry is the measure or degree of the disorder or randomness present in a chemical system.

In a chemical reaction, reacting substances called reactants collide with one another to form products.

However, the degree at which the reactants collide with one another is referred to as the entropy of the reaction.

Therefore, the condition that will increase the entropy in a reaction is heating up the reaction i.e. increase in temperature.

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Using standard heats of formation, the standard enthalpy change for the reaction  is  mathematically given as

= 542.11 kJ

Generally, the equation for  standard enthalpy change is  mathematically given as

[tex]\Delta H rxn = \Delta H product - \Delta H reactant[/tex]

therefore,

[tex]\Delta H rxn = (\Delta H Br_2 + \Delta H 3F_2) - (\Delta H 2BrF_3)[/tex]

= (30.91 kJ + 3*0 kJ) - (2*(-255.6) kJ)

= 542.11 kJ

In conclusion, the standard enthalpy change for the following reaction is

= 542.11 kJ

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Answer: The answer is B fractional distillation.

Explanation:

Individual components of a mixture can be separated out by a number of methods. These are:

gravity separation: If the various components of the mixture have different gravity, they will form different layers (when shaken and allowed to settle). This way they can be separated out.

Filtration: Particles of different

Answer:

v = 2.141 ml

Explanation:

we can use the "ideal gas law" :-

p :- pressure ( pa )

V :- Volume ( m³ )

n :- amount of substance ( mol )

R :- Ideal gas constant ( 8.314 Jmol-¹ K-¹ )

T :- Temperature ( K)

Stoichiometry is used in formulating airbags that shows relationship between product and reactants.

The quick chemical decomposition of solid sodium azide (NaN3) that allows the air bag to inflate fast at any time when the car hit anything. The decomposition reaction is initiated in a car by a small ignition that occurs due to collision sensing mechanism. The nitrogen gas produced during the reaction inflates the air bag which protect the person in the car.

So we can conclude that Stoichiometry is used in formulating airbags that shows relationship between product and reactants.

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Stoichiometry is important in formulating airbags, producing contrails, or formulating rocket engines so as to ensure the required amount of products are formed.

Stoichiometry is the molar relationship between the reactants and products of a reaction.

It is the ratio in which moles of reactants of a reaction combine to form moles of products.

Stoichiometry is important in determining the amount of reactants required to produce a given amount of products.

For example, stoichiometry is important in formulating airbags, producing contrails, or formulating rocket engines in order to ensure the mass of reactants used is enough to produce the required products.

In conclusion, stoichiometry of  a reaction provides the knowledge about the amount of reactants required to form products.

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Answer:

[tex]\boxed{\sf no.\ of \ molecules = 7.13 \times 10^{22} \ molecules}[/tex]

Explanation:

Mass in g = m = 5.68 g

Molar mass = M = (16)3 = 48 g/mol

Avogadro's number = [tex]N_A[/tex] = 6.023 × 10²³

No. of molecules = ?

[tex]\displaystyle no.\ of \ molecules = \frac{m}{M} \times N_A[/tex]

Put the givens in the above formula

[tex]\displaystyle no. \ of \ molecules =\frac{5.68}{48} \times 6.023 \times 10^{23}\\\\no. \ of\ molecules = 0.12 \times 6.023 \times 10^{23}\\\\no. \ of \ molecules = 0.713\times 10^{23}\\\\no.\ of \ molecules = 7.13 \times 10^{22} \ molecules\\\\\rule[225]{225}{2}[/tex]

This is an exercise in the general or combined gas law.

To start solving this exercise, we obtain the following data:

We use the following formula:

P₁V₁T₂ = P₂V₂T₁ ⇒ General formula

Where

We clear the formula for the initial volume:

[tex]\boldsymbol{\sf{V_{1}=\dfrac{P_{2}V_{2}T_{1}}{P_{1}T_{2}} } }[/tex]

We substitute our data into the formula to solve:

[tex]\boldsymbol{\sf{V_{1}=\dfrac{(3.69 \not{atm})(56.4 \ ml)(295.5 \not{k})}{(1.95 \not{atm})(284.9\not{k})} }}[/tex]

[tex]\boldsymbol{\sf{V_{1}=\dfrac{61498.278}{555.555} \ lm }}[/tex]

[tex]\boxed{\boldsymbol{\sf{V_{1}=110.697 \ lm }}}[/tex]

The helium-filled balloon has a volume of 110.697 ml.

Answer:

111  ml

Explanation:

Use the general rule for gases:

P1 V1 / T1    =   P2 V2 / T2      Looking for V1     T must be in Kelvin

re-arrange to :

V1 =   P2 V 2  * T1 / (T2 * P1)      <==== now sub in the values

V1 = 3.69 * 56.4 * (22.5 + 273.15) / [(11.9 + 273.15) * 1.95]

V1 = 110.6949 ml

    for correctness, the answer should only have THREE significant digits as all of the factors have three SD

V1 = 111 ml

Answer:

1.) aqueous lithium sulfate + aqueous calcium iodide ---> aqueous lithium iodide + solid calcium sulfate

2.) Li₂SO₄ (aq) + CaI₂ (aq) ------> 2 LiI (aq) + CaSO₄ (s)

Explanation:

This appears to be a double-displacement reaction. In these reactions, the cation of one compound swaps with the cation of another.

Therefore, lithium swaps with calcium. The new products are lithium iodide (LiI) and calcium sulfate (CaSO₄). Lithium iodide is soluble in water, whereas calcium sulfate is generally not.

The word equation (including the states of matter):

aqueous lithium sulfate + aqueous calcium iodide ---> aqueous lithium iodide + solid calcium sulfate

An equation is balanced when there is an equal amount of each element on both sides of a reaction. If these amounts are unequal, you can add coefficients to modify the quantities of particular molecules.

The unbalanced equation:

Li₂SO₄ (aq) + CaI₂ (aq) ------> LiI (aq) + CaSO₄ (s)

Reactants: 2 lithium, 1 sulfur, 4 oxygen, 1 calcium, 2 iodine

Products: 1 lithium, 1 sulfur, 4 oxygen, 1 calcium, 1 iodine

The balanced equation:

Li₂SO₄ (aq) + CaI₂ (aq) ------> 2 LiI (aq) + CaSO₄ (s)

Reactants: 2 lithium, 1 sulfur, 4 oxygen, 1 calcium, 2 iodine

Products: 2 lithium, 1 sulfur, 4 oxygen, 1 calcium, 2 iodine

Answer:

B.) [tex]K_{eq} = \frac{[SO_3][NO]}{[SO_2][NO_2]}[/tex]

Explanation:

The general equilibrium expression looks like this:

[tex]K_{eq} = \frac{[C]^c[D]^d}{[A]^a[B]^b}[/tex]

In this expression,

-----> K = equilibrium constant

-----> uppercase letters = formulas

-----> lowercase letters = balanced equation coefficients

The products are in the numerator and the reactants are in the denominator. Since all of the molecules are gases, they should all be included in the expression. Since the coefficients in the balanced equation are all 1, they do not need to be represented in the expression.

The equilibrium constant expression is:

[tex]K_{eq} = \frac{[SO_3][NO]}{[SO_2][NO_2]}[/tex]

Answer:

B.) their electrons are assigned to the s and p orbitals only

Explanation:

Once you get to the fourth row on the periodic table, the transition metals are introduced. The transition metals are located in the d-block and their electrons fill up d orbitals. When an element in the p-block (the right side of the table) is in one of these rows, the d-block has to fill up first.

The directions that are likely to result in a warmer earth are the directions 3, 5 and 6.

The term global warming has to do with the gradual rise in the temperature of the earth as a result of the re-radiation of infrared rays back to the earth. We know that greenhouse gases are able to trap the infrared rays from the sun and reradiate same to the surface of the earth and this ultimately leads to a warmer earth.

As such, if we look at the image closely, we can see that there is a reradiation of the rays to the earth in the directions 3, 5 and 6. It then follows that the directions that are likely to result in a warmer earth are the directions 3, 5 and 6.

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Answer:

A.) 2,4,5-trimethylhexan-2-ol

B.) 6-bromo-3-ethylhexan-2-one

C.) 3-isoproyl-4-propyloctan-1-al

Explanation:

A.) Since there is an alcohol (-OH) group in the molecule, the name should have the ending -ol. Since the alcohol is on the 2nd carbon, there should be a 2 in front of the -ol. The longest carbon chain contains 6 single-bonded carbons, making this a hexane. There are 3 methyl (-CH₃) groups on the 2nd, 4th, and 5th carbons.

Therefore, the IUPAC name is: 2,4,5-trimethylhexan-2-ol

B.) Since there is a ketone (C=O) group in the molecule, the name should have the ending -one. Since the ketone takes priority, it is on the 2nd carbon. As such, there should be a 2 in front of the -one. The longest carbon chain contains 6 single-bonded carbons, making this a hexane. There is an ethyl (-CH₂CH₃) group on the 3rd carbon and a bromo (-Br) group on the 6th carbon.

Therefore, the IUPAC name is: 6-bromo-3-ethylhexan-2-one

C.) Since there is an aldehyde (HC=O) group in the molecule, the name should have the ending -al. Since the aldehyde is on the 1st carbon, you can add a 1 before the -al (technically not necessary). The longest carbon chain contains 8 single-bonded carbons, making this an octane. There is an isopropyl (-CHCH₃CH₃) group on the 3rd carbon and a propyl (-CH₂CH₂CH₃) on the 4th carbon.

Therefore, the IUPAC name is: 3-isoproyl-4-propyloctan-1-al (or 3-isoproyl-4-propyloctanal)

Answer:

C

Explanation:

Of course increasing the pressure will reduce the volume

P1V1 = P2V2

P1V1/P2 = V2     WHEN P2 = 2 P1----multiply both sides by 1/2

P1 V1 / 2P1 = 1/2 V2    <===== 1/2 the original

The correct alternative is (b). NaOH will be present in the test tube, after performing electrolysis.

Aqueous electrolysis of salt solutions finds the salt ions in competition with electrolysis of water at the respective electrodes. That is, water can undergo reduction at the cathode as can the cation of the salt; while at the anode water can undergo oxidation as can the anion of the salt. The reactions are as follows:

Cathode:

H₂O(l) + 2e⁻ ⇄ 2OH⁻(aq) + H₂(g)

Anode:  

2H₂O(l) ⇄ O₂(g) + 4H⁺(aq) + 4e⁻

The distinction can be determined by comparing the 'Standard Reduction Potentials' of the half-reactions.

For NaCl(s) => Na⁺(aq) + Cl⁻(aq) :

At the Cathode:

Na⁺ + e⁻ => Na⁰(s); εo = -2.71v

2H₂O(l) + 2e⁻ ⇄ 2OH⁻(aq) + H₂(g); εo = -0.83v (Dominant Rxn at cathode – more positive value)

At the Anode:

Cl⁻(aq) => Cl₂(g) + 2e⁻; εo = 1.36v

2H₂O(l) => O₂(g) + 4H⁺ + 4e⁻; εo = 1.23v (Dominant Rxn at anode – more positive value)

Since the more dominant reaction at the cathode(reduction) produces hydroxide ions, the solution would become alkaline with Na⁺ ions already present.

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Answer:

1.12 g CaCl₂

Explanation:

To find the mass of calcium chloride, you need to (1) convert grams KCl to moles KCl (via molar mass), then (2) convert moles KCl to moles CaCl₂ (via mole-to-mole ratio from equation coefficients), and then (3) convert moles CaCl₂ to grams CaCl₂ (via molar mass). It is important to arrange the conversions in a way that allows for the cancellation of units. The final answer should have 3 sig figs to match the sig figs of the given value.

Molar Mass (KCl): 39.098 g/mol + 35.453 g/mol

Molar Mass (KCl): 74.551 g/mol

Molar Mass (CaCl₂): 40.078 g/mol + 2(35.453 g/mol)

Molar Mass (CaCl₂): 110.984 g/mol

1 CaCl₂(aq) + K₂CO₃(aq) -----> 2 KCl(aq) + CaCO₃(aq)

1.50 g KCl            1 mole              1 mole CaCl₂           110.984 g
-----------------  x  -----------------  x  -----------------------  x  ------------------  =
                           74.551  g           2 moles KCl              1 mole

=  1.12 g CaCl₂

Answer:

2.64 M

Explanation:

To find the molarity, you need to (1) convert grams to moles (via molar mass), then (2) convert mL to L, and then (3) calculate the molarity (via molarity ratio). The final answer should have 3 sig figs to match the sigs figs of the given values.

(Step 1)

Molar Mass (NH₄NO₃): 2(14.007 g/mol) + 4(1.008 g/mol) + 3(15.998 g/mol)

Molar Mass (NH₄NO₃): 80.04 g/mol

66.5 grams NH₄NO₃                1 mole
---------------------------------  x  ----------------------  =  0.831 moles NH₄NO₃
                                             80.04 grams

(Step 2)

1,000 mL = 1 L

 315 mL                1 L
--------------  x  ------------------  =  0.315 L
                        1,000 mL

(Step 3)

Molarity = moles / volume

Molarity = 0.831 moles / 0.315 L

Molarity = 2.64 M

Answer:

62.6

Explanation:

formula = (°C x 9/5) + 32

(17°C x 9/5) + 32

30.6 + 32

62.6