The process human cells use to generate ATP is called cellular respiration.
In cellular respiration there is a phase of electron transport chain and it produces majority of ATP.
The two ATP-producing processes can be viewed as glycolysis (the anaerobic part) followed by aerobic respiration (the oxygen-requiring part).
Aerobic reaction can be defined as biological and chemical processes that occurs in the presence of oxygen.
Hence, an aerobic reaction requires oxygen before it can take place or occur and it produces adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as one of its end product.
In aerobic respiration, there are two main processes:
Krebs cycleElectron chain transportIt is the electron chain transport, that produces maximum ATPs. This is a stage in cellular respiration.
In mitochondria, between the matrix and inner mitochondrial space, an electron gradient is produced by the function of ETS. This ETS gets electron from NADH and FADH₂. This proton motive force is utilized for ADP and ATP and this production is called oxidative phosphorylation. This is called phosphorylation and along with phosphorylation it also has oxidation. The proton gradient helps in the generation of large amount of ATP molecules through chemiosmosis.
ATP are produced by ATPase enzyme.
Therefore, the process through which majority of ATP is produced is through the process of Electron chain transport.
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alone, these factors likely would not cause an ice age, but if occurring simultaneously, a(n) in the amount of greenhouse gases, a(n) in solar activity, and an increase in volcanic ash in the atmosphere could lead to significant global cooling.
The ash and dust block sunlight, causing cooling these factors likely would not cause an ice age.
What is ice age?An ice age is a long-lasting period of lowering of ground and atmospheric temperatures, resulting in the formation or expansion of continental and polar glaciers and alpine glaciers. The Earth's climate fluctuates between the Ice Age and the Greenhouse Age, when the planet has no glaciers. The Earth is currently in the Quaternary glaciation.[1] Individual pulses of cold climate during the Ice Age are called ice ages (or alternatively ice ages, ice ages, glacial phases, stadial, stadia, or colloquially ice ages), and intermittently warm Ice Age periods are called interglacial or interstadials. An ice age of years suggests the existence of extensive ice sheets in both the northern and southern hemispheres.
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a 2200 pfpf capacitor is charged to 130 vv and then quickly connected to an inductor. the frequency of oscillation is observed to be 10 khzkhz . part a determine the inductance. express your answer using two significant figures. ll
A 2200 pF capacitor is charged to 130 V and then quickly connected to an inductor. The frequency of oscillation is observed to be 10 kHz. The inductance produced is 4.54 H.
The angular frequency of the oscillations in the LC circuit is given by:
ω = 1/[tex]\sqrt{LC}[/tex]
where, ω= angular frequency
L=inductance
C=capacitance
Given,
C=2200 pF
= [tex]2.2 \times 10^{-9}[/tex] F
ω =10 kHz
= [tex]10 \times 10^{3}[/tex] Hz
= [tex]10^{4}[/tex] Hz
We have to find L(inductance).
Using the above equation, we get L=1/C × ω^2
Now putting the given values we get,
L=1/[tex]2.2 \times 10^{-9} \times 10^{4} \times 10^{4}[/tex]
=1/[tex]2.2 \times 10^{-1}[/tex]
=4.54 H(henry) [SI unit of inductance is henry]
So for given values the inductance in the circuit is 4.54 H(henry).
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one of the reasons for negative transfer is the initial cognitive confusion that occurs when a person must make a different movement in a familiar environmental context.
More bilateral transfer occurs from the preferred limb to the non-preferred limb than the opposite occurs.
initials and names interchangeablyYour given name, which is also known as the first name, is the name your parents gave you when you were born. Typically, middle names are given as initials rather than full names, and this is true for the initial as well.
What does initial in a document mean?On the last page, there is a mark that reads "I." Pen and ink are used for physical documentation. The initial is unique to the person using it, not unlike a signature in that it is not a generic symbol. To show that you have read the page and accepted its terms, please add a small personalization.
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f our sun is 4.6 billion years old, how many times has it orbited the galaxy? you must show your work to receive credit.
Answer:
20 times.
Explanation:
Let's figure this out:
How many times has our Sun orbited the Milky Way?
Well, as the famous “Monty Python and the Meaning of Life” song says (this is from memory so I may have some words slightly wrong):
“Just remember that we’re standing on a planet that’s evolving, and revolving at 900 miles an hour,
That’s orbiting at 19 miles a second, so it’s reckoned, the Sun that is the source of all our power.
The Sun and you and me and all the stars that we can see are moving at a million miles a day in the outer spiral arm at 40 thousand miles an hour of the galaxy we call the Milky Way.
Our galaxy itself contains a million billion stars, it’s 200 thousand light years side to side.
It bulges in the middle 15 thousand light years thick, but by us it’s just three thousand light years wide.
we’re 50 thousand light years from galactic central point, we go round every 200 million years
and our galaxy itself is one of millions of billions in this amazing and expanding universe.”
So, from this song (which was pretty darned accurate for it’s time for a simple ditty in a comedy film - the only major blooper was the speed of light in the next verse given as “12 million miles a minute”, when it’s nearer to 11, but I guess it didn’t scan so well) you can take the line
“we go round every 200 million years” and take the approximate age of the solar system of 4.6 billion years. And divide one by the other. And you get about 23 circuits.
That’s only a rule of thumb, obviously, and no doubt someone will quote it to five decimal points in another answer!
Thanks.
Compared with the mass of a uranium nucleus before splitting, the split fragments have: Group answer choicesthe same mass. more mass. less mass.
In nuclear fission reaction, the mass of the fragments after splitting will have less mass compared to the mass of uranium before splitting.
What is nuclear fission?
The nuclear fission is the chemical reaction in which the nucleus splits into two or more smaller nuclei with the release of large amount of energy in the form of heat and light along with gamma photons in few cases. This happens by the neutrons crashing into the nuclei forcing it to break into smaller nuclei with lesser mass.
In nuclear fission reaction, uranium-235 nucleus splits into Krypton-92 and barium-141 nuclei along with a large amount of energy. Here the uranium has mass number 235 whereas, krypton has 92 and barium has 141.
Therefore, in nuclear fission reaction the uranium-235 nucleus splits into smaller nuclei with less mass.
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a(n) ground receptacle separates the supply grounding conductor from other grounded devices and materials.
An isolated ground receptacle separates the supply grounding conductor from other grounded devices and materials.
How to use isolated ground receptacles?An isolаted ground receptаcle hаs а grounding terminаl thаt hаs no contаct with the receptаcle mounting strаp or yoke. When instаlled аgаinst а grounded metаl box, the receptаcle mounting strаp is grounded. The receptаcle’s isolаted ground terminаl is then connected to аn аdditionаl insulаted grounding conductor thаt is instаlled аs а sepаrаte grounding pаth for the reduction of electricаl noise on the sensitive electronic equipment plugged into the receptаcle.
The isolаted ground receptаcle in the pаtient cаre spаce but outside the pаtient cаre vicinity (left) must be supplied by а metаl rаcewаy or cаble system thаt quаlifies аs аn equipment grounding conductor. The box must be grounded by а green insulаted wire type equipment ground аnd the isolаted ground receptаcle terminаl requires а green insulаted equipment grounding conductor with one or more yellow stripes.
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Do metals become more reactive as you move from left to right on the periodic table?.
As we move from left to right the metalic properties decreases and non-metalic property increases hence reactivity of the elements decreases.
What is metals reactivity as we move from left to right on the periodic table ?It happens because there are more valence shells and less interaction between valence electrons and the nucleus. Consequently, the propensity to take electrons from other atoms declines. Atoms get more electronegative as they move through a period.
The ability to lose electrons increases generally with atom size. The capacity to lose electrons increases with increasing shielding. The most active metal is to the left and down because metallic character grows down the table and diminishes across it.
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calculate by direct integration the moment of inertia for a thin rod of mass m and length l about an axis located distance d from one end. express your answer in terms of some, all, or none of the variables m , l , and d .
By direct integration, the moment of inertia for a thin rod of mass M and length L about an axis located distance d from one end, is ML²/3 and at the centre ML²/12.
Given that, mass of the rod is M
Length is L
Rotating around an axis perpendicular to its length and passing at a distance d from one end.
Consider a very small strip of length dx and having a mass dm.
Moment of inertia is given by I = ∫ x² dm
So, mass per unit length λ = M/L
The length of the small strip dx can be written as
dm = λ dx = M/L dx
From the above two equations, we get, I = ∫ M/L x² dx
The limits of the integral are from -d to L, the value of I is M/3 (L²-3Ld+3d²)
For calculating moment of inertia on the end substitute d = 0, we get I = ML²/3
For calculating moment of inertia at the centre substitute d =L/2 , we get I = ML²/12.
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a 200 w lightbulb emits 7% of its energy as electromagnetic radiation. what is the magnitude of the average poynting vector (in w/m2) 17 m from the bulb?
The magnitude of the average Poynting vector (in w/m2) 17 m from the bulb is 3.86 × 10⁻³ w/m².
Electromagnetic radiation consists of waves of the electromagnetic subject, which propagate via vicinity and deliver electromagnetic radiant electricity. It consists of radio waves, microwaves, infrared, light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays. All of those waves shape part of the electromagnetic spectrum.
Calculation:-
P = 7 % of 200 W
= 14 W
n = 17 m
I = P/4πn²
= 14/4π17²
= 3.86 × 10⁻³ w/m²
Radiation has both electric and magnetic fields and travels in waves. It comes from natural and guy-made resources. Electromagnetic radiation can range in energy from low energy to excessive electricity. It consists of radio waves, microwaves, infrared light, visible light, ultraviolet light, x-rays, and gamma rays.
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Develop an equation (with a proportionality constant) that describes the relationship between the gravitational force (fgrav), the mass of the moon (mmoon), the mass of the planet (mplanet), and the distance (d) of separation between the planet and the moon. Then support the claim (i. E. , the equation) with evidence and reasoning.
According to newton's law of gravitation, the gravitational force(F) is directly proportional to the product mass of the moon(Mm) and the mass of the planet (Mp) and it is inversely proportional to the square of the separation between them.
Fg ∝ (Mp)(Mm) →(1)
Fg ∝ 1/d²→(2)
Combining equation (1) and (2),
Fg ∝ (Mp)(Mm)/d²
Fg = G(Mp)(Mm)/d²
This is an equation that describes the relation between mass of moon (Mm) and mass of planet (Mp) and separation(d) between them.
To support the claim in favuor of this equation we use this equation to obtain the value of acceleration due to gravity on earth.
Let m be the mass of an object on earth then Fg between earth (Mp) and mass of an object is obtained by:
Fg = G(Mp)(m)/R², where R= Radius of earth
This force is equal to the weight of an object i.e.,
g= G(Mp)/R²
Putting the values of G, Mp and R , we get, g=9.81 m/s²
which is the value we obtained on earth for acceleration due to gravity.
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in the evening you go back to the swimming pool with your friends. the object is still lying on the bottom of the pool in the same location as before, but since it's dark now, you use a flashlight to show it to your friends. remembering the apparent location of the object in daylight, where should you aim to illuminate the object with the flashlight? assume you hold the flashlight at eye level.
You should aim at an above point cause of Refraction.
Refraction is an effect that occurs when light travels from the air to a denser medium like water. In general, the relative angle of incidence is different from the refracted one, as illustrated in the figure. Since the refracted angle of the light beam is narrower than the incident angle because water is denser than air, it is required to aim slightly above the actual location of the object from outside the pool in order for the light to reach it. Refractive Index can be calculated by the formula n = sin i/sin r
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nov-21. at the equator, where the magnetic field of the earth points to the north, an electron travels to the south. what would be the direction of the magnetic force on this electron?
The magnetic force on the electron would be directed to the east.
What is magnetic force?
One of four basic forces of nature, the electromagnetic force, results in the magnetic force, which is brought about by the motion of charges. When two charge-containing objects move in the same direction, a magnetic attraction pulls them together. Similar to this, there is a repulsive force between charged objects moving in opposite directions.
We discovered how moving charge envelops itself with a magnetic field in our article on magnetic fields. The magnetic force in this context is a force that results from interacting magnetic fields.
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There are ____________________inerted into the bottom of the container to meaure the _______________and the
There are three thermistors, inserted into the bottom of the container to measure the temperature.
What is thermistors?
The resistance of thermistors is significantly more temperature-dependent than that of standard resistors. The words thermal and resistor are combined to form the word thermistor. The conduction model used to classify thermositors. Thermistors with a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) have more resistance at extremely high temperatures than thermistors with a negative temperature coefficient (NTC). As a result, the resistance of a PTC thermistor is inversely proportional to temperature. While PTC thermistors are being used as self-resetting inrush current protectors and self-regulating heating elements, NTC thermistors are frequently used as inrush current limiters and temperature sensors. Depending on the type of probe used, a thermistor's operational temperature range typically falls between 100 °C and 300 °C (148 °F and 572 °F).
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Which type of reaction produces energy and intensely radioactive waste products?.
a) Fission of Uranium is a type of reaction that produces intensely radioactive waste products.
In the field of physics, such a reaction in which a large radioactive atom is broken such that smaller atoms are produced from it is referred to as a fission reaction.
Uranium is an example of a radioactive element that is large and can split into smaller radioactive components. However, as it is a radioactive splitting, vigorous radioactive waste products are produced when an atom of uranium is split. This reaction will be referred to as uranium fission.
Although a part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this question:
Which type of reaction produces energy and intensely radioactive waste products?
a) fission of Uranium
b) fission of Aluminium
c) fusion of Uranium
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northeasters northeasters often bring heavy snowfall. are associated with anticyclones. are associated with warm winds. are rarest in winter and early spring.
Northeasters often bring heavy snowfall.
A Nor’easter is a hurricane alongside the East Coast of North America, so known due to the fact the winds over the coastal vicinity are usually from the northeast. these storms may occur at any time of yr but are most frequent and most violent between September and April. some widely recognized Nor’easters consist of the notorious snowfall of 1888, the “Ash Wednesday” hurricane of March 1962, the new England blizzard of February 1978, the March 1993 “Superstorm” and the current Boston snowstorms of January and February 2015.
Those storms progress commonly northeastward and typically achieve maximum intensity near New England and the Maritime Provinces of Canada. They nearly always convey precipitation in the form of heavy rain or snow, as well as winds of gale pressure, rough seas, and, every now and then, coastal flooding to the affected regions.
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identify the nmr term that corresponds to each description. the frequency at which a nucleus absorbs and resonates with a magnetic field choose... the end of the nmr spectrum far from the reference signal choose... the area of a signal that corresponds to the number of nuclei at that frequency choose... the end of the nmr spectrum close to the reference signal choose... the appearance of multiple peaks for a single nucleus due to neighboring nuclei choose...
The NMR term for:
the frequency at which a nucleus absorbs and resonates with a magnetic field ⇒ Chemical shift the end of the NMR spectrum far from the reference signal ⇒ Upfieldthe area of a signal that corresponds to the number of nuclei at that frequency ⇒ Integrationthe end of the NMR spectrum close to the reference signal ⇒ Upfieldthe appearance of multiple peaks for a single nucleus due to neighboring nuclei ⇒ SplittingWhat is the full meaning of NMR?NMR is the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy is the study of molecules that involves recording the interaction of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiations with the nuclei contained in molecules held in a strong magnetic field. It is used to determine the purity of samples.
NMR terms include splitting, integration, chemical shift and upfield.
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The equipment releases a balloon from a point that is a small distance above the surface of the planet. The atmosphere at the surface of this planet has a density of
Make an appropriate calculation and then predict and explain the direction of any motion of the balloon. Show your working.
The inflated balloon has a mass of 80 g and a volume of 0.3m ^ 3 .
0.35kg / (m ^ 3)
The balloon will go upward with acceleration of 3.1 m/s².
What is buoyant force?The upward force applied to an object that is fully or partially submerged in a fluid is known as the buoyant force. Upthrust is another name for this upward thrust. A body submerged partially or completely in a fluid appears to lose weight, or to be lighter, due to the buoyant force.
Given that
Mass of the balloon = 80 g = 0.080 kg.
Volume of the balloon = 0.3 m³.
So, weight of the balloon = 0.080 × 9.8 N = 0.784 N.
Buoyant force acting on the balloon = 0.3 × 0.35 × 9.8 N = 1.029 N.
Hence, net upward force acting on the balloon is = 1.029 N - 0.784 N = 0.248 N.
So, upward acceleration of the balloon = 0.248/0.080 m/s² = 3.1 m/s².
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A 4.2 kg block and a 2.8 kg block with a compressed spring between them are held together by a string. The spring has a spring constant of 120 N/m and is compressed by a distance of 0.1 m. The blocks are sitting at rest on a frictionless surface, then the string breaks.
a) Use conservation of momentum to determine a relationship between the new velocities of the two blocks.
b) Use conservation of energy to determine the new velocities of the two blocks, and their kinetic energies.
The spring between the two blocks will put pressure on the two blocks and this will create force. These forces will be using up energy of the block and spring.
Given,
Weight of block 1 = 4.2 kg
Weight of block 2 = 2.8 kg
Spring constant = 120 /m
Blocks are at rest and then string breaks, so
initial velocity of both blocks = 0
a) Initially both are at rest
u₁ = 0
u₂ = 0
M₁ = 4.2 kg
M₂ = 2.8 kg
Let final velocities be v₁ and v₂
Using conservation of momentum
P(initial) = P(final)
M₁u₁ + M₂u₂ = M₁v₁ + M₂v₂
(4.2 x 0) + (2.8 x 0) = 4.2 v₁ + 2.8 v₂
v₁/v₂ = 2.8/4.2
=) 1.5 v₁ = v₂
Speed of 2.8 kg block is 1.5 times the speed of 4.2 kg.
(b) Initial energy of the system
E₁ = (kx²/2) + (m₁v₁²/2) + (m₂v₂²/2)
E₁ = 120(0.1)²/2 + 0
E₁ = 0.6 J
Final energy of the system
E₂ = (k(0)²/2) + (m₁v₁²/2) + (m₂v₂²/2)
E₂ = 0 + [4.2v₁²/2] + [2.8*(1.5v₁)²/2]
E₂ = 5.25 v₁²
Using conservation of energy
E₁ = E
0.6 = 5.25 v₁²
v₁ = √0.6/5.25 = 0.34 m/s
v₂ = 1.5 x 0.34 = 0.51 m/s
Kinetic energies:
For 4.2 kg block = [4.2 x (0.34)²]/2 = 0.24 J
For 2.8 kg block = [2.8 x (0.51)²]/2 = 0.36 J
Therefore, the conservation of momentum and energy is used to determine the relation between two velocities (1.5 v₁ = v₂) and the kinetic energy of blocks, respectively.
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If a reaction in one direction releases more energy than it absorbs, that same reaction in the opposite direction would.
The opposing reaction absorbs energy from a process that releases energy in one direction.
What is a reaction ?A chemical reaction happens when one or more chemicals are changed into one or more other chemicals.
Every chemical reaction involves the transfer of energy in some way.
Exothermic reactions and endothermic reactions are the two different categories of chemical reactions.
An endothermic reaction requires an energy input to continue, whereas an exothermic reaction releases heat (i.e., energy).
In conclusion, if a reaction in releases energy, a reaction in opposite direction absorb energy
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a 10.0 kg wood ball hangs from a 1.90 m -long wire. the maximum tension the wire can withstand without breaking is 500 n . a 0.800 kg projectile traveling horizontally hits and embeds itself in the wood ball.
The largest speed this projectile can have without causing the cable to break60.22 m/s.
The horizontal speed of a projectile is regular (in no way converting in value), and there's a vertical acceleration because of gravity; its cost is 9.8 m/s/s, down, The vertical speed of a projectile changes via nine.8 m/s every second, The horizontal motion of a projectile is impartial to its vertical movement.
Calculation:-
Mass of the wood, M = 10 kg
Mass of the projectile, m = 0.8 kg
Length of the wire, l = 1.90 m
Maximum tension in the string, T = 500 N
The net force on the string is
F = T - (M+m)g
(M+m)v^2/l = 500 N -10.9 kg *9.8 m/s^2
v = 4.42 m/s
Let the initial velocity of the projectile be vi
By the law of conservation of momentum principle, we have
mvi = (M+m) v
0.8 kg *vi = 10.9 kg *4.42 m/s^2
vi =60.22 m/s
so, the largest speed, the projectile can have is 60.22 m/s
Projectile motion is a form of motion experienced with the aid of an object or particle that is projected in a gravitational field, such as from Earth's floor, and movements alongside a curved route below the action of gravity best.
Projectile motion is the movement of an object thrown (projected) into the air. After the initial force that launches the item, it most effectively reports the pressure of gravity. The object is known as a projectile, and its route is called its trajectory.
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Disclaimer:- your question is incomplete, please see below for the complete question.
A 20.0 kg wood ball hangs from a 1.30 m -long wire. The maximum tension the wire can withstand without breaking is 600 N . A 0.900 kg projectile traveling horizontally hits and embeds itself in the wood ball. What is the largest speed this projectile can have without causing the cable to break?
Original Work:
m = 20 kg wood ball + .9 kg projectile = 20.9 kg
Ft max = 600 N
1.3 m radius
F = mAr = Ft - Fg
m(v^2)/r = Ft - Fg
v = sqrt((r(Ft - Fg))/m)
v = sqrt((1.3m(600N - (20.9 kg)(9.81)))/20.9 kg)
v = 4.96 m/s
an electron and a proton are separated by a distance of 1.0 m. what happens to the magnitude of the force on the first electron if a second electron is placed next to the proton?
If a second electron is placed close to a proton, the force that would be exerted on the first electron It doubles.
What does the scientific term "force" mean?A clear connotation is attached to the term "force." The terms "push" and "pull" are perfectly acceptable at this level to describe forces. Another item applies a force to the first. Both living things and non-living objects can be considered to be parts of a force.
What kind of power is that?The terms "contact forces" and "non-forces" refer to different kinds of forces. Forces include, among others, nuclear force, gravitational force, frictional force, magnetic force, electrostatic force, and spring force.
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escribe the difference in the location of the bright spots for the color represented by wavelength equal to 1 compared to the location of the spots for the color represented by wavelength equal to 4. do they occur in the same location on the screen (at the top edge of the simulation)
Increasing the wavelength of the light increases the spacing between different fringes since the spacing between different fringes is wavelength dependent.
The spacings among different fringes decreases as the space between the slits increases because it is dependent on L. Growing the wavelength of the light will increase the spacing among unique fringes for the reason that spacing between exclusive fringes is wavelength based.
The distinction in distance traveled through the 2 waves is one complete wavelength, that is, the direction distinction is 1 λ. when the path difference is one complete wavelength, a crest meets a crest and optimistic interference happens.
They unfold aside the intense spots spread aside. So in different words, if I had been to transport these distances and the slits nearer together, you will see these vibrant spots get farther and farther faraway from each other on the screen.
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The velocity-time graph below shows the journey of a train. How far did the train travel during the whole journey?
The total distance that is covered in the velocity time graph is 5400 m.
What is the total distance travelled?We know that the velocity time graph shows the movement of an object form one point to the other. In this kind of velocity time graph that is shown here. We can see the complete journey of the body from start to rest and we can read off the total velocity as well as the total time taken from the velocity time graph that has been shown here.
Thus we can see from the graph that;
Total velocity of the object from start to rest = 60 m/s
Total time taken for the journey = 90 seconds
We know that;
Speed = distance/time
distance = speed * time
Total distance that is covered = 60 m/s * 90 seconds
= 5400 m
It then follows that all the distance that have been covered from the start to the end is 5400 m.
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The rate at which a spinning ice skater spins increases when she pulls in her arms. this occurs because.........
- her moment of inertia decreases
- pulling in her arms increases the torque on her skates
- her angular momentum decreases (answere)
- the drag from the air decreases
The rate at which a spinning ice skater spins increases when she pulls in her arms. This occurs because her moment of inertia decreases.
Angular momentum is to be conserved. Pulling arms in reduces the moment of inertia. So, angular velocity must increase to keep the angular momentum constant. This results in the spinning to happen faster.
We know the relation, L = I ω
where, I is moment of inertia
ω is angular velocity
L is angular momentum
From the above relation, it is clear that moment of inertia and angular velocity are inversely related to each other.
The trick skaters use to increase their spinning rate is by bringing their arms and free leg closer to their body.
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What are the 4 types of attacks in a software?.
Malware, password, phishing, and SQL injection assaults are the several categories of cyber-attacks.
What exactly are assaults, and what different kinds are there?Network assaults primarily fall into two categories: passive and aggressive. In passive network assaults, malevolent actors observe networks, spy on users, and collect personal information without making any changes. Modifying, encrypting, or corrupting data are all aspects of active network assaults.
What do computer assaults entail?An effort to take down computers, steal data, or utilize a computer system that has been compromised to launch subsequent assaults is known as a cyber attack. Malware, phishing, ransomware, man-in-the-middle attacks, and other cyberattacks are launched by cybercriminals using a variety of techniques.
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which one of the following is to use big o notion to measure the runtime of an algorithm that tests whether any element of an array is duplicated elsewhere in the array
The phrase "the running time rises at most this much, although it could expand more slowly" in the form of asymptotic notation would be useful. For just these situations, we employ big-O" notation.
For asymptotic upper bounds, we employ big-O notation because, for sufficiently large input sizes, it constrains the development of the running time from above. Now that we have a method, we can describe how long binary search takes to perform in every scenario. We can state that binary search runs continuously.
Different hardware and processor speeds have an impact on the algorithm's overall run-time. Therefore, rather of directly discussing run time, we utilise Big O to discuss how quickly the run time increases as the amount of data (read: input) supplied to our algorithm increases.
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Tom and his little sister are enjoying an afternoon at the ice rink. They playfully place their hands together and push against each other. Tom's mass is 76 kg and his little sister's mass is 15 kg.
(a) Which of the following statements is correct?
They both experience the same force.The force experienced by Tom is less than the force experienced by his sister. The force experienced by the sister is less than the force experienced by Tom.
(b) Which of the following statements is correct?
Tom's acceleration is more than the sister's acceleration.Tom's acceleration is less than the sister's acceleration. They both have the same acceleration.
(c) If the sister's acceleration is 2.3 m/s2 in magnitude, what is the magnitude of Tom's acceleration?
m/s2
Answer:
Tom and his sister experience a net force of the same magnitude.
The acceleration of Tom is less than that of his sister.
The magnitude of the acceleration of Tom will be approximately [tex]0.45\; {\rm m\cdot s^{-2}}[/tex].
Explanation:
Assume that friction is negligible and that the ice rink is level. The only unbalanced force on Tom will be the force from his sister.
By Newton's Laws of Motion, Tom's sister will experience a reaction force from Tom. This reaction force will be equal in magnitude to the force on Tom, but opposite in the direction.
If friction is negligible and the rink is level, the net force on Tom will be equal to that on his sister. However, acceleration is inversely proportional to mass: if the net force on an object is [tex]F(\text{net})[/tex] and the mass of the object is [tex]m[/tex], the acceleration [tex]a[/tex] of that object will be [tex]a = (F(\text{net})) / m[/tex].
Since Tom's mass is greater than that of his sister and the magnitude of net force on them is the same, the acceleration of Tom's sister will be greater.
Using the equation [tex]F(\text{net}) = m\, a[/tex], find the magnitude of the net force on Tom's sister:
[tex]\begin{aligned}F(\text{net, sister}) &= m(\text{sister})\, a(\text{sister}) \\ &= (15\; {\rm kg}) \, (2.3\; {\rm m\cdot s^{-2}})\\ &= 34.5\; {\rm N}\end{aligned}[/tex].
Since the net force on Tom is the same as that on his sister, the magnitude of the net force on Tom will also be [tex]34.5\; {\rm N}[/tex]. Since the mass of Tom is [tex]m = 76\; {\rm kg}[/tex], the acceleration of Tom will be:
[tex]\begin{aligned}a(\text{Tom}) &= \frac{F(\text{net, Tom})}{m(\text{Tom})} \\ &= \frac{34.5\; {\rm N}}{76\; {\rm kg}} \\ &\approx 0.45\; {\rm m\cdot s^{-2}}\end{aligned}[/tex].
gases expand to fill the volume and shape of their container, because the rapidly moving particles experience negligible attractive forces for each other. group startstrue or false true, unselected false, unselected
The quickly moving particles experience insignificant attraction forces for one another, therefore gases do indeed expand to fill the volume and form of their container.
The attraction forces is an attraction that draws the body to it. In nature, there are many alluring forces at work. Among these are gravitational force, magnetic force, electric force, and electrostatic force. When a gases is heated, the particles' kinetic energy rises, which causes the gases to expand. When a gas is heated, the container's volume needs to be raised in order to maintain the pressure.
Because the quickly moving particles encounter low attraction forces for one another, gases expand to fill the volume and shape of their container.
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Wave motion is characterized by two velocities: the velocity with which the wave moves in the medium (e.g., air or a string) and the velocity of the medium (the air or the string itself) Consider a transverse wave traveling in a string. The mathematical form of the wave is y(x, t) = A sin(kx - omega t) Find the slope of the string partial differential y(z, t)/partial differential z as a function of position x and time t. Express your answer in terms of A, k, omega, z, and t.
The velocity of propogation of the wave V=w/k.
The y velocity [tex]v_y(x,t)[/tex] of a point on the string as a function of x v=-[tex]\omega[/tex]Acos(kx-[tex]\omega[/tex]t).
What does it mean if a wave propagates?The movement of a wave in relation to a frame of reference is known as wave propagation. This happens frequently when a wave travels through a substance; for example, a water wave travels through water and a sound wave travels through air.
An electromagnetic (EM) wave can go from the sending antenna to the receiving antenna in a variety of methods, which are referred to as propagation. The movement of energy or information from one location (a transmitter) to another may also be thought of as an aspect of electromagnetic wave propagation (a receiver).
A wave that is propagating leftward, or backward, is represented as f(x+vt). The wave's velocity is v.
The motion of the wave through a medium.
wave equation. y(x,t)=Asin(kx−ωt)
The velocity of propogation of the wave
to find wave speed (v)
v = fλ
From the wave equation above,
k = 2π/ λ where k is the wave number and λ is the wavelength, λ = 2π /k
ω = 2πf where f is the frequency and ω is the angular frequency.
f = ω/ 2π.
By substituting for λ and ω into the wave speed formulae, we have that
v =( ω/ 2π) × (2π /k)
v = ω/k
The y velocity v_y(x,t) of a point on the string as a function of x
y(x,t)=Asin(kx−ωt)
The first derivative of y with respect to x give the velocity (vy)
By using chain rule, we have that
v = dy/dt = A cos( kx −ωt) × (−ω)
v = - ωAcos( kx −ωt)
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a gas is in a cylinder, as shown. predict what will happen to the density of the gas if the piston is moved upward, and draw in the results you would expect. provide an explanation of what happens at the molecular level to allow this to happen.
The density of the gas will decrease, since the total mass of particles is constant but the volume is increased.
Why would the density decrease ?The gas will disperse to completely fill the cylinder. They will spread out more and be distributed evenly. This is due to the particles' random movement and tendency to occupy all accessible space. Verify that there are the same number of equally distributed particles in the student figure as there were at the beginning.
When a substance is heated, the molecules move faster and slightly farther apart, taking up more space and causing the density to decrease. When something is cooled, the molecules slow down and get a little closer together, taking up less space and becoming denser.
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