The principal amount (P) is $10,000.00, the annual interest rate (r) is 8.64 percent (or 0.0864 as a decimal), the number of times interest is compounded per year (n) is 2 (semi-annually), and the number of years (t) is 4.
To calculate the value of an investment with a scheduled payment of $10,000.00 in 4 years and an expected return of 8.64 percent, compounded semi-annually, we can use the formula for compound interest.
The formula for compound interest is: [tex]A = P(1 + r/n)^(nt)[/tex]
Where:
A = the future value of the investment
P = the principal amount (initial investment)
r = the annual interest rate (expressed as a decimal)
n = the number of times that interest is compounded per year
t = the number of years
Plugging these values into the formula, we get:
[tex]A = 10000(1 + 0.0864/2)^(2*4)[/tex]
Simplifying this equation, we have:
[tex]A = 10000(1 + 0.0432)^(8)[/tex]
Calculating the value inside the parentheses, we get:
[tex]A = 10000(1.0432)^(8)[/tex]
Calculating the exponent, we get:
A [tex]= 10000(1.391827)[/tex]
A = 13918.27
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Rooney Company incurs annual fixed costs of $77,205. Variable costs for Rooney's product are $28.35 per unit, and the sales price is $45.00 per unit. Rooney desires to earn an annual profit of $51,000. Required Use the contribution margin ratio approach to determine the sales volume in dollars and units required to earn the desired profit: Note: Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your final answers to the nearest whole number.
To earn a desired annual profit of $51,000, Rooney Company needs to achieve a sales volume of approximately $351,127 and sell approximately 6,832 units of its product. This calculation is based on the contribution margin ratio approach, which considers the fixed costs, variable costs per unit, and desired profit to determine the required sales volume.
The contribution margin ratio is calculated by subtracting the variable costs per unit from the sales price per unit and dividing the result by the sales price per unit. In this case, the contribution margin ratio is ($45.00 - $28.35) / $45.00 = 0.369 or 36.9%. To determine the sales volume required to earn the desired profit, the fixed costs are added to the desired profit, and the sum is divided by the contribution margin ratio. Using the formula (Fixed costs + Desired profit) / Contribution margin ratio, the calculation is ($77,205 + $51,000) / 0.369 = $351,127.
To determine the sales volume in units, the required sales volume in dollars is divided by the sales price per unit. Using the formula Sales volume in dollars / Sales price per unit, the calculation is $351,127 / $45.00 = 6,832 units. Therefore, Rooney Company needs to achieve a sales volume of approximately $351,127 and sell approximately 6,832 units of its product to earn the desired annual profit of $51,000.
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Assume that Q
d
=80−2P and Q
s
=2P−20, at a price of $30 this market has: a shortage of 20 units and the price will go up to reach the equilibrium price a surplus of 20 units and the price will go up to reach the equilibrium price a urplus of 20 units and the price will go up to reach the equilibrium price There is not enough information to get an answer a surplus of 20 units and the price will go down to reach the equilibrium price
At a price of $30, the quantity demanded (Qd) is 80 - 2P, and the quantity supplied (Qs) is 2P - 20. To find the equilibrium price, we need to set Qd equal to Qs and solve for P.
80 - 2P = 2P - 20
Simplifying, we get:
100 = 4P
Dividing both sides by 4, we find:
P = 25
Since the market price is currently $30, which is above the equilibrium price of $25, there is a surplus of 20 units. To reach the equilibrium price, the price will need to go down, not up. Therefore, the correct answer is: "a surplus of 20 units and the price will go down to reach the equilibrium price."
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Below is the number of products that a local manufacturer sold this week: 730 (Mon), 735 (Tue), 740 (Wed), 750 (Thur), 760 (Fri), 630 (Sat), 640 (Sun). The seasonal relative for MonFri is 1.1 and that for Sat-Sun is 0.9. Please use the seasonality method to forecast for next Monday's sale. In the second step of the seasonality forecasting method, choose between the trend method and the threeperiod moving average method depending on whether a trend is observed. Round your final answer to the closest integer. 726 771 None of the answers is correct 788 716
We'll use the three-period moving average method.step 3: calculate the three-period moving average for weekdays:
Monday: (730 + 735 + 740) / 3 = 735 (rounded to the closest integer)tuesday: (735 + 740 + 750) / 3 = 742 (rounded to the closest integer)
Wednesday: (740 + 750 + 760) / 3 = 750 (rounded to the closest integer)
step 4: calculate the forecasted sales for next Monday:next monday's forecasted sales = (last observed monday's sales) * (average weekday seasonal index)
next monday's forecasted sales = 735 * 1.
To forecast next monday's sale using the seasonality method, let's follow the steps:
step 1: calculate the average seasonal index for weekdays (mon-fri) and weekends (sat-sun):average weekday seasonal index = (seasonal index for mon-fri) = 1.1
average weekend seasonal index = (seasonal index for sat-sun) = 0.9
step 2: determine if there is a trend observed in the data:looking at the sales data, we don't have any information provided about a trend. 1 = 808.5 (rounded to the closest integer)
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[Jade Shoes] Coleman owns a sporting goods store and has purchased top-quality, brand-name athletic shoes from Jade's Shoe Distribution for many years. However, they have no written contract in place. Last month, Coleman learned that the latest shipment from Jade's was not authentic, brand-name shoes but instead a knock-off brand that costs a fraction of the price Coleman pays. Coleman cannot sell these shoes because his customers would know the difference, and Coleman demanded Jade refund him. Jade sent Coleman a written request for arbitration within thirty days. In response, Coleman called Jade, threatening to file a lawsuit against Jade and exposing her company as a fraud. Jade laughs, saying Coleman is required to arbitrate their dispute within thirty days.
As indicated in the text, which of the following is not considered an advantage of ADR over traditional litigation?
Multiple Choice
a. ADR is usually less expensive.
b. ADR is structured to be flexible for the parties.
c. ADR is less adversarial in nature.
d. Businesses may not want to set a precedent through a court decision.
e. Companies can hide their legal issues from the public.
As per the provided scenario, the option which is not considered an advantage of ADR over traditional litigation isCompanies can hide their legal issues from the public.
Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) is a means of solving legal disputes without going through the judicial system. Mediation, arbitration, and collaborative law are the three most common types of alternative dispute resolution. ADR has a number of advantages over traditional litigation, including the following:A. ADR is frequently less expensive than traditional litigation because it avoids the expense of discovery, pre-trial motions, and a lengthy trial.B.
ADR is built to be flexible for the parties involved, and it enables them to reach a mutual understanding that would not be possible in court.C. ADR is less adversarial than traditional litigation because the parties are not adversaries, but rather partners in the negotiation process.D. Businesses can not want to establish a precedent via a court ruling, which they might avoid by using ADR.In conclusion, Companies can not conceal their legal concerns from the public via ADR, whereas traditional litigation may help conceal sensitive information. So, the correct answer is option E.
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When choosing your ____ you want to make sure it relates so closely to your business name that potential customers can easily guess it if they don't have it in front of them.
When choosing your "domain name" you want to make sure it relates closely to your business name for easy recognition by potential customers.
A strong and relevant tagline can have a significant impact on brand recognition, recall, and customer engagement. It serves as a powerful tool to differentiate your business from competitors and create a lasting impression in the minds of consumers.
By aligning your tagline closely with your business name, you establish a cohesive and unified brand identity. When potential customers hear or see your business name, the tagline should naturally come to mind, reinforcing your brand messaging and values.
A well-crafted tagline can evoke emotions, convey the unique selling proposition of your business, or communicate the benefits of your products or services. It should be clear, concise, and memorable, allowing it to stick in the minds of consumers and generate brand association.
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On December 31 , the end of the current fiscal year, a US company completed the sale of one business segment for $12.0 million. We know that the business segment qualifies as a component of thecompany, according to GAAP. Pleasealso consider the following additional information: - The book value of the assets of the segment was $8.5 million at the time of the sale. - The income from operations of the segment during the current year was $5.5 million. - Pretax income from other continuing operations for the year totaled $13.5 million. - The income tax rate is 25%. Pleaseprepare the lower portion of the current year income statement beginning with income from continuing operations before income taxes. Note: Loss amounts should be indicated with a minus sign. Enter your answers in whole dollars and not in millions. For example, $4,000,000 rather than $4
The value of total income before the income tax is $10.75 million and the value of loss on sale on business segment is -$3.5 million and the value of the taxes is $4.75 million.
Income from continuing operations before taxes for the current year for a US company is calculated by the following method:Income from continuing operations before income taxes= Income from operations of the business segment + Pretax income from other continuing operations- Loss on the sale of the business segment - Taxes on continuing operationsIncome from operations of the business segment was $5.5 million.
Book value of assets of the segment was $8.5 million and the sale value is $12 million, which means the profit is $3.5 million.Loss on sale of the business segment = Book value of assets of the segment - Sales price = $8.5 million - $12 million = -$3.5 million.
Pretax income from other continuing operations was $13.5 million.
Taxes = (Income from operations of the business segment + Pretax income from other continuing operations) * Tax rate= ($5.5 million + $13.5 million) * 25% = $4.75 million.
Income from continuing operations before income taxes= $5.5 million + $13.5 million - $3.5 million - $4.75 million= $10.75 million.
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Calculate debt ratio and equity multiplier.
Total assets is $7,249
Liabilities & Shareholders' Equity
Notes payable $180 $220 $162 $700
Accounts payable 148 157 150 306
Accruals 218 277 157 310
Current liabilities $546 $654 $469 $1,316
Long-term loan 374 219 41 85
Common stock 50 50 50 50
Retained earnings 716 814 859 956
Total liabilities & shareholders' equity $1,686 $1,737 $1,419 $2,407
The debt ratio is 37.5%. The equity multiplier is 7.20
Debt Ratio = Total Debt / Total Assets
Equity Multiplier = Total Assets / Total Equity
Total Debt = Notes Payable + Accounts Payable + Accruals + Current Liabilities + Long-term Loan
Total Debt = $700 + $306 + $310 + $1,316 + $85
Total Debt = $2,717
Total Equity = Common Stock + Retained Earnings
Total Equity = $50 + $956
Total Equity = $1,006
Total Assets = $7,249
Debt Ratio = Total Debt / Total Assets
Debt Ratio = $2,717 / $7,249
Debt Ratio = 0.375 or 37.5%
Equity Multiplier = Total Assets / Total Equity
Equity Multiplier = $7,249 / $1,006
Equity Multiplier = 7.20
The debt ratio is 37.5%, which means that 37.5% of the total assets are financed by debt. The equity multiplier is 7.20, indicating that the total assets are 7.20 times the total equity.
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Part 1: Observation You are going to select two competing retail locations. You can NOT use Walmart as one of the competitors. You will visit both locations on three different days. Try to make them three different times or days of the week. Please visit the competitors on the same day and time. For example, visit McDonalds at 11:30 and Burger King at 12:30 (lunch time) on Monday, go back to both locations in one block of time at dinnertime on a Wednesday. Here are things to observe during these visits. Customer demographics staffing demographics # Of customers and employees Any section or area showing more customer traffic Parking lot capacity I want you to compare each store over the three visits and then also compare the two stores to each other.
Part 2: Customer Loyalty program Select three retail store loyalty programs. I want you to describe the loyalty program. How does a person join? What benefits do they get? How does the store communicate with the customer? How does it benefit the store? I want you to tear apart the program and breakdown every aspect of it. If I had never heard of the store, I would still have a complete understanding of the program. You will do this for three stores.
Part 3: Secret Shopper You get to go undercover…sort of. I want you to pick out a business location. It must be different for any other retail business used. You are going to go shopping. You do not have to buy anything, but you need to pretend you might be. 1) Before going in select, a product to "buy". Shop for the product. 2) I want you to look and see how quickly (or at all) you are greeted or helped. What was the conversation? 3) Have questions to ask the customer service associate. 4) Would you buy the product? Why or why not? Once you have gone through the shopping process, you will do a write-up on your experience. Summarize all your observations in paper form.
Part 4: Marketing Find a different retail location. Look at the marketing of the company. Look out for external marketing, in-store marketing, and selling. Remember marketing is more than just commercials and billboards. It is the 4 P’s. If you don’t know what that means do some research to find out. Write a paper on your observations as part of that I want you to critique the marketing. Is there anything they should or should not be doing?
In this assignment, you are required to complete four tasks related to retail locations and marketing.
For Part 1, you need to select two competing retail locations and visit them on three different days, observing customer demographics, staffing demographics, number of customers and employees, customer traffic in different sections, and parking lot capacity. You will compare each store over the three visits and also compare the two stores to each other.
In Part 2, you are tasked with selecting three retail store loyalty programs and describing each program in detail. This includes explaining how a person can join the program, the benefits they receive, how the store communicates with the customer, and how the program benefits the store. You should provide a comprehensive breakdown of each program.
Part 3 involves being a secret shopper at a chosen business location. You will pretend to shop for a specific product, observe how quickly you are greeted or helped, note the conversation with the customer service associate, and have questions to ask them. Finally, you will evaluate whether you would buy the product and provide a write-up of your experience.
In Part 4, you need to find a different retail location and analyze their marketing efforts. Look for external marketing, in-store marketing, and selling strategies. Assess the marketing using the 4 P's (product, price, place, promotion) and provide a critique, highlighting any areas where improvements can be made.
By completing these tasks and summarizing your observations in paper form, you will gain insights into retail locations, customer loyalty programs, customer service experiences, and marketing strategies.
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Analyse three (3) duties of a Financial Manager ( 150 Words)
Three duties of a Financial Manager include: financial planning, risk management, and financial reporting.
Financial planning is a crucial duty of a Financial Manager. They are responsible for developing and implementing strategies to meet the organization's financial goals. This involves analyzing financial data, forecasting future trends, and creating budgets. The Financial Manager ensures that the company has sufficient funds to operate effectively and grow in the long term. They also make decisions regarding capital investments, such as acquiring new assets or expanding the business, while considering the financial feasibility and potential returns.
Risk management is another important duty of a Financial Manager. They assess and mitigate financial risks that the organization may face. This involves identifying potential risks, such as market volatility, currency fluctuations, or changes in regulations, and implementing strategies to minimize their impact. Financial Managers may use techniques like diversification, hedging, or insurance to protect the organization's financial interests. By effectively managing risks, they help safeguard the company's financial stability and protect it from potential losses.
Financial reporting is a critical duty of a Financial Manager as well. They are responsible for preparing and presenting accurate and timely financial statements to stakeholders, including investors, shareholders, and regulatory authorities. Financial Managers ensure compliance with accounting standards and regulations while providing transparent and reliable financial information. They analyze financial data to assess the company's performance, identify areas for improvement, and make informed financial decisions. Financial reporting helps stakeholders evaluate the organization's financial health and make informed decisions regarding investments or partnerships.
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Can you think of any examples of unethical marketing? Or ways there has been government intervention to mitigate the unwarranted effects of unethical marketing (i.e. cigarettes in the 1980's)?
2. What are current examples of unethical marketing? Can you think of any?
Unethical marketing refers to the strategies and tactics of a company that are designed to deceive or manipulate customers, violate legal or ethical standards, or lead to harm.
Some examples of unethical marketing are as follows:False advertising Misleading claims about a productUnfair competition Selling unsafe or harmful products Exploiting vulnerable populations or childrenThe government has intervened in various ways to mitigate the unwarranted effects of unethical marketing, like cigarettes in the 1980s. In the 1990s, the government of the United States passed the Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA) to protect children from being tracked and targeted by online advertisers.Current examples of unethical marketing include:Invasion of privacy, which occurs when companies collect or use personal information without permission or misuse it for their own purposes.
For instance, using personal data to influence an individual’s political opinion or sharing data without user consent.Social media advertising, which uses influencers to sell a product or service without disclosing that it is a sponsored post. Additionally, some influencers may falsely claim they have used a product and/or the benefits it offers.Fake reviews, which is when companies pay people to write positive reviews, or write negative reviews about their competitors. This practice is used to sway consumers’ purchasing decisions and perception of a product or service.The promotion of unhealthy or harmful products, which includes tobacco, alcohol, or other addictive substances. Advertising these products can mislead consumers and have long-term harmful effects.
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Kenzi, a manufacturer of kayaks, began operations this year. During this year, the company produced 1,050 kayaks and sold 800 at a price of $1,050 each. At year-end, the company reported the following income statement information using absorption costing Sales (800 x $1,050) Cost of goods sold (800 $425) Gross profit selling and administrative expenses Income $ 840,000 340,000 500,000 230,000 $ 270,000 Additional Information a. Product cost per kayak under absorption costing totals $425, which consists of $325 in direct materials, direct labor, and variable overhead costs and $100 in fixed overhead cost. Fixed overhead of $100 per unit is based on $105,000 of fixed overhead per year divided by 1,050 kayaks produced, b. The $230,000 in selling and administrative expenses consists of $95,000 that is variable and $135,000 that is fixed. Prepare an income statement for the current year under variable costing, $ 840,000 KENZI Income Statement (Variable Costing) Sales Less: Variable expenses Variable cost of goods sold Variable selling and administrative expenses Variable overhead costs Contribution margin Less Fixed expenses Fixed overhead Fixed selling and administrative expenses Income
The Income statement for the current year under variable costing can be prepared as follows:
Sales: $840,000
Variable expenses:
Variable cost of goods sold: (800 × $325) = $260,000
Variable selling and administrative expenses: $95,000
Variable overhead costs: (800 × $100) = $80,000
Total variable expenses: $435,000
Contribution margin: $840,000 - $435,000 = $405,000
Fixed expenses:
Fixed overhead: $105,000
Fixed selling and administrative expenses: $135,000
Total fixed expenses: $240,000
Net income (before tax): $405,000 - $240,000 = $165,000
Therefore, the Income statement for the current year under variable costing would be:
KENZI Income Statement (Variable Costing)
Sales: $840,000
Less: Variable expenses
Variable cost of goods sold: $260,000
Variable selling and administrative expenses: $95,000
Variable overhead costs: $80,000
Contribution margin: $405,000
Less Fixed expenses
Fixed overhead: $105,000
Fixed selling and administrative expenses: $135,000
Net income: $165,000
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The balance in the supplies account on May 1 was $5,300, supplies purchased during May were $700, and the supplies on hand at May 31 were $2,600. The adjusting entry required on May 31 is
DR: Supplies Expense $3,400; CR: Supplies $3,400
DR: Supplies Expense $2,600; CR: Supplies $2,600
DR: Supplies $2,700; CR: Supplies Expense $2,700
DR: Supplies $700; CR: Cash $700
Supplies adjustment entry: DR Supplies Expense $2,700; CR Supplies $2,700This adjusting entry debits the supplies expense account with the amount of supplies utilized throughout the month, $2,700. Additionally, it credits the supplies account with the same amount of $2,700.
The term supplies account refers to the assets, inventory, and materials a company purchases and utilizes during its day-to-day operations. The supplies account's balance may fluctuate regularly, depending on the supplies purchased and utilized throughout a specified period.Supplies accountThe balance in the supplies account on May 1 was $5,300. During May, the company bought supplies worth $700. At the end of the month, on May 31, the company had supplies worth $2,600.
To obtain the supplies used throughout the month, we must compute the difference between the supplies available at the start of the month and those available at the end of the month. Supplies used during the month = Supplies available at the start of the month - Supplies available at the end of the month.= $5,300 - $2,600= $2,700In this example, we are provided with the adjusting entry required on May 31: DR: Supplies $700; CR: Cash $700.
The entry implies that the company had paid for $700 worth of supplies that it would not be using until June, so it needs to adjust the records by moving the value of these supplies from cash to the supplies account since it has been paid for.
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New firms, mainly from newly industrialized countries, entering the world markets in computers and electronics is an example of a ______ driver.
New firms, mainly from newly industrialized countries, entering the world markets in computers and electronics is an example of a market driver.
Any element or force that significantly affects a market's supply and demand dynamics is referred to as a market driver. It shapes market trends, affects consumer behaviour, and changes the nature of the competitive environment. In the cited example, a market driver is the introduction of new businesses from recently industrialised nations into the international market for computers and electronics.
In general, the entry of new companies from newly industrialised nations into the international market for computers and electronics acts as a market driver by promoting competition, extending the market's geographic reach, upsetting established players, and advancing the process of market globalisation.
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The Stipple Corporation, a plastics molding company, had the following year-end results: For next year, Stipple is making the following planning assumptions: - Revenue growth: 8.5% - IBT Margin: 1 percentage point higher than current year - Tax Rate: Unchanged at 21\% - Dividends: Same dollar amount as current year (no change) - Current Assets: Increase 2 percentage points faster than the sales growth rate - Net Fixed Assets: $2.5 million net increase - Long-Term Debt: Repay $1.0 million - Repurchase $1.9 million in common shares (a reduction in "Common Stock")| Questions: a. What amount of Short-term Debt will be needed in Box 1 to make this plan possible? (You will need to make a pro forma forecast of the table above to answer this question.) b. Your Bank informs you that your Short-Term Borrowing facility is now limited to $7,750,000. To comply with this cap, you decide to defer the purchase of a fifth injection molding center and thus cut the capital spending plan by $500,000 to a $2,000,000 net increase (instead of $2,500,000 increase); and you also decide to reduce the sales growth forecast. All the other parameters set out in Part (A) continue to apply. What is the new growth rate in sales in Box 2 (percentage to one decimal point, like x.x% ) that you can support with the credit constraint?
a. To determine the amount of Short-term Debt needed in Box 1 to make the plan possible, we need to make a pro forma forecast based on the given assumptions.
Here are the steps to calculate the Short-term Debt:
1. Calculate the Revenue Growth: Take the current year's revenue and increase it by 8.5%.
2. Calculate the IBT Margin: Add 1 percentage point to the current year's IBT Margin.
3. Calculate the Income Before Taxes (IBT): Multiply the Revenue Growth by the IBT Margin.
4. Calculate the Taxes: Multiply the IBT by the Tax Rate.
5. Calculate the Net Income: Subtract the Taxes from the IBT.
6. Calculate the Dividends: The Dividends are the same as the current year, so there is no change.
7. Calculate the Net Income after Dividends: Subtract the Dividends from the Net Income.
8. Calculate the Increase in Current Assets: Multiply the Revenue Growth by 2 percentage points.
9. Calculate the Net Fixed Assets: Add the $2.5 million net increase.
10. Calculate the Long-Term Debt: Subtract the $1.0 million repayment from the current year's Long-Term Debt.
11. Calculate the Common Stock: Subtract the $1.9 million repurchase from the current year's Common Stock.
12. Calculate the Change in Short-term Debt: This is the amount needed in Box 1 to balance the equation.
b. To comply with the $7,750,000 credit cap, the plan needs to be adjusted. We will defer the purchase of the fifth injection molding center and reduce the capital spending plan by $500,000 to a $2,000,000 net increase. The other parameters from Part (A) remain the same.
To calculate the new growth rate in sales in Box 2, we need to adjust the sales growth forecast.
Here are the steps to calculate the new growth rate:
1. Calculate the Revised Net Fixed Assets: Subtract the $500,000 reduction from the current year's Net Fixed Assets.
2. Calculate the Revised Net Income after Dividends: Subtract the Dividends from the Net Income.
3. Calculate the Revised Increase in Current Assets: Multiply the Revised Revenue Growth by 2 percentage points.
4. Calculate the Revised Revenue Growth: Add the Revised Net Income after Dividends to the Revised Increase in Current Assets.
5. Calculate the New Growth Rate: Divide the Revised Revenue Growth by the current year's revenue and multiply by 100 to get the percentage.
By following these steps, you will be able to determine the amount of Short-term Debt needed in Box 1 and the new growth rate in sales in Box 2.
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complete information and analysis of family owned bussines nishat
group
The Nishat Group is a well-established family-owned business conglomerate with a diverse range of operations in industries such as textile, cement, banking, and power generation.
The Nishat Group is a family-owned business conglomerate based in Pakistan. It was founded by Mian Muhammad Yahya in 1951 and is now managed by his son, Mian Muhammad Mansha. The group operates in various industries including textile, cement, banking, and power generation.
Nishat Group's textile division is one of the largest in Pakistan, with state-of-the-art manufacturing facilities and a strong presence in both local and international markets. It produces a wide range of textile products, including yarn, fabric, and finished garments.
In the cement sector, Nishat Group owns and operates DG Khan Cement Company Limited, one of the leading cement manufacturers in the country. The company has a production capacity of over 10,000 tons per day and has been consistently recognized for its quality products.
Nishat Group also has a strong presence in the banking sector through its subsidiary, MCB Bank Limited. MCB Bank is one of the largest banks in Pakistan, offering a wide range of financial services to individuals and businesses.
Furthermore, Nishat Group has diversified its portfolio by venturing into the power generation industry. It owns and operates various power plants, including coal, gas, and renewable energy-based facilities, contributing to the country's energy needs. Its commitment to quality and innovation has enabled it to achieve significant growth and success over the years.
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On average 16 new batches of parts are started through a certain plant each week. Average batch quantity is 50 parts that are processed through a sequence of seven machines. Setup time per machine per batch averages 4 hours, and average operation time per machine for each part is 12 min. Nonoperation time per batch at each machine averages 8 hours. There are 37 machines in the factory. Any machine can be set up for any type of batch processed in the plant. The plant operates 40 hours per week. The plant manager complains that almost 65 hours of overtime must be authorized each week to keep up with the production schedule. Determine (a) manufacturing lead time for an average order, (b) weekly production capacity of the plant if all machines were operated at 100% utilization, (c) current utilization of the plant, and (d) average work-inprocess (number of parts) in the plant. (e) Why must overtime be authorized to achieve the desired output?
(a) Manufacturing lead time for an average order: 85.4 hours.
(b) Weekly production capacity of the plant if all machines were operated at 100% utilization: Approximately 0.468 batches.
(c) Current utilization of the plant: Approximately 34.2%.
(d) Average work-in-process (number of parts) in the plant: 350 parts.
(e) Overtime must be authorized to achieve the desired output because the regular working hours are insufficient to meet the production schedule, requiring additional hours to fulfill the production demands.
(a) Manufacturing lead time for an average order:
To calculate the manufacturing lead time for an average order, we need to consider the setup time, operation time, and nonoperation time per batch.
Setup time per batch per machine: 4 hours
Operation time per part per machine: 12 minutes = 0.2 hours
Nonoperation time per batch per machine: 8 hours
Total time per batch per machine: Setup time + Operation time + Nonoperation time
Total time per batch per machine: 4 hours + 0.2 hours + 8 hours = 12.2 hours
Since there are seven machines, the total time for the entire sequence is:
Total time per batch for the sequence: 7 machines × 12.2 hours = 85.4 hours
Therefore, the manufacturing lead time for an average order is 85.4 hours.
(b) Weekly production capacity of the plant if all machines were operated at 100% utilization:
To calculate the weekly production capacity of the plant, we need to consider the available hours of operation and the time required for each batch.
Available hours of operation per week: 40 hours
Number of batches processed per week: 16
Total time required for each batch: 85.4 hours
Weekly production capacity = (Available hours of operation) / (Total time required for each batch)
Weekly production capacity = 40 hours / 85.4 hours = 0.468 batches
Therefore, the weekly production capacity of the plant, if all machines were operated at 100% utilization, is approximately 0.468 batches.
(c) Current utilization of the plant:
To calculate the current utilization of the plant, we need to consider the actual production compared to the maximum production capacity.
Actual production capacity: 16 batches per week (given in the problem)
Maximum production capacity: Weekly production capacity if all machines were operated at 100% utilization = 0.468 batches (calculated in part b)
Utilization of the plant = (Actual production capacity) / (Maximum production capacity)
Utilization of the plant = 16 batches / 0.468 batches ≈ 34.2
Therefore, the current utilization of the plant is approximately 34.2%.
(d) Average work-in-process (number of parts) in the plant:
To calculate the average work-in-process, we need to consider the batch quantity and the number of batches in progress at any given time.
Batch quantity: 50 parts
Number of batches in progress at any given time = Average order lead time / Time per batch
Number of batches in progress = 85.4 hours / 12.2 hours = 7 batches
Average work-in-process = (Number of batches in progress) × (Batch quantity)
Average work-in-process = 7 batches × 50 parts = 350 parts
Therefore, the average work-in-process (number of parts) in the plant is 350 parts.
(e) Why must overtime be authorized to achieve the desired output?
The overtime must be authorized to achieve the desired output because the current production schedule is not being met within the regular working hours of 40 hours per week. The plant manager complains about the need for almost 65 hours of overtime per week, indicating that additional hours are required to meet the production demands. By authorizing overtime, the plant can make up for the shortfall in production time and ensure the desired output is achieved.
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Please discuss three different cases relating to subsidies and dumping that are under review by the WTO.
Here are three different cases relating to subsidies and dumping that are currently under review by the World Trade Organization (WTO): 1. Boeing vs. Airbus,2. China's Solar Panel Industry,3. India's Agricultural Subsidies
1. Boeing vs. Airbus: This long-standing dispute between the United States and the European Union involves allegations of subsidies provided to aircraft manufacturers Boeing and Airbus. Both sides have accused each other of providing illegal subsidies, which distort fair competition in the aviation industry. The WTO is reviewing the extent and impact of these subsidies to determine their legality and potential countermeasures.
2. China's Solar Panel Industry: The WTO is examining allegations that China provided significant subsidies to its domestic solar panel industry, allowing Chinese manufacturers to sell their products at artificially low prices (dumping) in international markets. This has allegedly led to unfair competition and harm to solar panel manufacturers in other countries. The WTO is evaluating the extent of these subsidies and their impact on global trade.
3. India's Agricultural Subsidies: India's support to its agricultural sector has been a subject of scrutiny by the WTO. Other countries have raised concerns that India's subsidies exceed the allowed limits under WTO rules, giving Indian farmers an unfair advantage and distorting international trade in agricultural products. The WTO is investigating the nature and extent of these subsidies to determine their compliance with global trade regulations.
These cases demonstrate the importance of fair competition and adherence to international trade rules. The WTO plays a crucial role in addressing disputes related to subsidies and dumping, ensuring that global trade is conducted on a level playing field.
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in non-binding arbitration: the client and project organizations both agree to perform exactly what the judge decrees. the client and project organizations are not bound by the rules of law. the two parties agree to open up, or unbind, their books for inspection by the other p
In non-binding arbitration, the main agreement is that both the client and project organizations will abide by the decision made by the arbitrator. This means that they agree to perform exactly as instructed by the judge's decree. Unlike in a legal proceeding, the parties are not obligated to follow the rules of law. Instead, they rely on the arbitrator's decision as the final resolution.
In non-binding arbitration, the two parties also agree to disclose their financial records, or "open up" their books, allowing each other to inspect them. This transparency aims to facilitate a fair and informed decision-making process during the arbitration.
While the arbitrator's decision is not legally binding, the intention is that both parties will respect and implement it in good faith. If either party is dissatisfied with the outcome, they still retain the option to pursue further legal action to enforce their rights.
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Why should the gravity model of trade hold? 2. Explain the difference between comparative advantage and absolute advantage using an example. 3. How is the RS curve derived in a two-product, two-country, one-factor model? How will your answer change as the number of products increases? 4. Explain the pauper-labour argument against free trade. Why is this flawed? 5. Which factor gains, and which loses, with trade? 6. Why do you observe the result you state in the previous question? 7. Consider two people Tom and Jerry. They both produce bread and cheese. Tom works for 40 hours a week, while Jerry works for 60 hours a week. Tom can produce one unit of bread in 2 hours, and one unit of cheese in 4 hours. Jerry can produce one unit of bread in 3 hours, and one unit of cheese in 4 hours. Answer the questions that follow: (a) Write down the capacity constraint equation for Tom and Jerry. Draw their production possibilities frontier (on the same graph). (b) Who has a comparative advantage in bread? In cheese? (c) Who has an absolute advantage in bread? In cheese? (d) If Tom and Jerry trade, would they benefit from it? Should they specialize? If yes, in which product? If no, why not? (e) What should be the terms of trade between Tom and Jerry if they do trade? (f) If Tom and Jerry do trade, in what circumstance would the production of either product go to zero? Explain the reason for your choice. 8. Gather a list of 20 countries and one unique trading partner for each. Try to keep the forty countries in the list unique in the sense that there are few, if any, repetitions. Illustrate the list here. Use the information to test whether the gravity model of trade holds for your data set. Present regression results as an attached sheet.
The gravity model of trade holds because it is based on the idea that trade is influenced by the economic size and distance between countries.
1. Comparative advantage refers to a country's ability to produce a good at a lower opportunity cost compared to another country. Absolute advantage, on the other hand, refers to a country's ability to produce a good more efficiently than another country.
2. The RS curve is derived in a two-product, two-country, one-factor model by comparing the relative supply of one good to the relative supply of another good. As the number of products increases, the RS curve would need to be derived for each additional product.
3. The pauper-labor argument against free trade suggests that free trade exploits low-wage workers in developing countries. However, this argument is flawed because it fails to consider the overall benefits of trade, such as increased efficiency and higher standards of living.
5. The factor that gains with trade is the factor of production that is relatively abundant in a country. The factor that loses with trade is the factor that is relatively scarce in a country.
6. The observation that the factor gains with trade is based on the idea that trade allows countries to specialize in the production of goods that they have a comparative advantage in, leading to increased efficiency and economic growth.
7. (a) The capacity constraint equation for Tom and Jerry would be: 2T + 3J ≤ 40 for bread and 4T + 4J ≤ 60 for cheese. (b) Tom has a comparative advantage in bread, while Jerry has a comparative advantage in cheese.
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Amazon is currently or was looking to select a city to house its second headquarters. They may have already selected it by now. What would you recommend a city in the competition for this second headquarters do to increase their chances of being selected? If Amazon has already selected a second headquarters, what could the cities that were not selected have done to have increased their chances of having been selected?
Amazon was looking to select a city to house its second headquarters. They may have already selected it by now. In the competition for this second headquarters, the city needs to take a few important measures that could increase its chances of being selected. Some of these measures are as follows:
1. Incorporate an approach of transparency and reduce bureaucratic procedures for Amazon’s project.
2. Submit a proposal that highlights the city's values, strengths, and aspirations, and why the city would be the ideal location for Amazon’s second headquarters.
3. Boost the amenities and infrastructure of the city to help Amazon flourish, from efficient transportation to housing and recreational opportunities. As Amazon is a customer-oriented company, cities can show how the city is prepared to address its customers' needs. A business-friendly atmosphere that recognizes the importance of innovation, technological growth, and employee education is also vital.
In addition to the above, the cities that were not selected could have done several things to increase their chances of being chosen, some of which are as follows:
1. Work with Amazon to gain insight into their choice, so they can improve on that for next time.
2. Evaluate and prioritize feedback from Amazon to learn and develop as a city.
3. Invite other significant businesses to the city to have an impact on Amazon's decision-making process.
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If you had journalized the transaction where the company pays $500 for a bill that they charged on account last month. When posting the transaction to a T account (in ledger) for Accounts Payable, what side would the $500 be posted to? Left side, Credit Right side, Credit Left side, Debit Right side, Debit Worksheet for Chapters 1 and 2 1. Which of the following statements correctly explains why specialization increases economic productivity? Select the best answer. A) Specialization allows firms to side-step the problem of scarcity altogether. B) Specialization allows for economies of scale. C) Specialization allows workers to work in smaller organizations. D) Specialization reduces the number of workers needed to perform a task.
- The $500 payment would be posted on the right side, or the credit side, of the T account for Accounts Payable.
- Regarding the second question about specialization and economic productivity, the correct statement is Specialization allows for economies of scale. The answer is option B.
If the company pays $500 for a bill that they charged on account last month, the journal entry for this transaction would be:
Accounts Payable (Credit) $500
Cash (Debit) $500
When posting this transaction to the T account for Accounts Payable, the $500 would be posted on the right side, which represents the credit side. This is because Accounts Payable is a liability account, and an increase in a liability account is recorded on the credit side.
To summarize, the $500 payment would be posted on the right side, or the credit side, of the T account for Accounts Payable.
Regarding the second question about specialization and economic productivity, the correct statement is:
B) Specialization allows for economies of scale.
Specialization allows individuals, businesses, and countries to focus on producing goods or services that they can produce efficiently and effectively. This enables them to specialize in a particular area, which leads to an increase in productivity. When individuals or businesses specialize in what they do best, they can take advantage of economies of scale. This means that they can produce larger quantities of goods or services at a lower cost per unit. Specialization also allows for the division of labor, where different tasks are assigned to different individuals based on their expertise. This further enhances productivity and efficiency.
In summary, specialization increases economic productivity because it allows for economies of scale and the division of labor, enabling individuals, businesses, and countries to focus on what they do best.
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The ultimate control of a corporation lies in the hands of the corporate:________
a. ceo of the firm
b. chairman of the board
c. shareholders board of directors.
d. government
The ultimate control of a corporation lies in the hands of the corporate: shareholders. Option C
They are the owners of the company and have the power to elect the board of directors, who in turn appoint the CEO and other top executives. Shareholders exercise their control through voting rights, typically in proportion to their ownership stake in the company.
While the CEO plays a crucial role in managing the corporation's day-to-day operations and implementing strategies, they ultimately report to the board of directors, which represents the interests of the shareholders. The board of directors, composed of elected individuals, provides oversight and makes key decisions regarding the company's direction and major policies.
The chairman of the board, although an influential position, serves as a leader and facilitator during board meetings but does not have ultimate control alone. The government typically regulates corporations but does not possess direct control over their management or decision-making processes unless specific regulations or laws are violated.
Option C.
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We start a year with $200 and receive $100 during the year. We also receive 10 percent interest at the end of the year, with the interest based on our starting balance. In this case, we end the year with $320. Determine the ending balance for the year if interest accrues on the average of our starting and ending balance.
To determine the ending balance for the year if interest accrues on the average of our starting and ending balance, we can follow these steps:
Calculate the average balance for the year:
- Starting balance: $200
- Ending balance: $320
Average balance = (Starting balance + Ending balance) / 2
Average balance = ($200 + $320) / 2
Average balance = $520 / 2
Average balance = $260
Therefore, if interest accrues on the average of our starting and ending balance, the ending balance for the year would be $326.
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In 2006 and 2007, Kenneth Cole Productions (KCP) paid annual dividends of $ 0.68. In 2008, KCP paid an annual dividend of $ 0.38, and then paid no further dividends through 2012. Suppose KCP was acquired at the end of 2012 for $ 14.57 per share. What would an investor with perfect foresight of the above been willing to pay for KCP at the start of 2006? (Note: Because an investor with perfect foresight bears no risk, use a risk-free equity cost of capital of 5.4 %.)
Python
import math
# Set the risk-free equity cost of capital
risk_free_equity_cost_of_capital = 0.054
# Set the dividends in 2006 and 2007
dividends_2006_and_2007 = 0.68 * 2
# Set the dividend in 2008
dividend_2008 = 0.38
# Set the acquisition price in 2012
acquisition_price = 14.57
# Calculate the present value of the dividends in 2006 and 2007
present_value_dividends_2006_and_2007 = dividends_2006_and_2007 / (1 + risk_free_equity_cost_of_capital) ** 2
# Calculate the present value of the dividend in 2008
present_value_dividend_2008 = dividend_2008 / (1 + risk_free_equity_cost_of_capital) ** 5
# Calculate the present value of the acquisition price
present_value_acquisition_price = acquisition_price / (1 + risk_free_equity_cost_of_capital) ** 7
# Calculate the total present value
total_present_value = present_value_dividends_2006_and_2007 + present_value_dividend_2008 + present_value_acquisition_price
# Print the total present value
print(total_present_value)
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Output:
Code snippet
11.599011476448464
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Therefore, an investor with perfect foresight would have been willing to pay $11.59 for KCP at the start of 2006.
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Demonstrate an understanding of how to co-operate effectively
with others in a team.
Demonstrating an understanding of how to co-operate effectively with others in a team requires several steps to be taken. Co-operating effectively with others in a team involves establishing communication, encouraging participation, recognizing contributions, sharing resources, and respecting boundaries.
1. Establish Communication: Establishing communication is the first and most critical move in ensuring that teamwork is effective. It is crucial to establish the team's aims, roles, and responsibilities to ensure that everyone is on the same page.
2. Encourage Participation: It is important to encourage participation in the team's objectives by allowing every member of the team to voice their thoughts and ideas.
3. Recognize Contributions: It is important to acknowledge each team member's contributions, no matter how small, to encourage them to continue contributing and collaborate effectively.
4. Share Resources: Team members should share resources to ensure that all team members have the resources they require to achieve their objectives.
5. Respect Boundaries: Finally, it is important to respect each team member's boundaries and requirements to ensure that everyone is comfortable and can work effectively.
In conclusion, co-operating effectively with others in a team involves establishing communication, encouraging participation, recognizing contributions, sharing resources, and respecting boundaries.
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Recently your company has begun to promote its diversity efforts, including same-sex (and heterosexual) partner benefits and a nonharassment policy that includes sexual orientation, among other things. Your department now has new posters on the walls with photos of employees who represent different aspects of diversity (e.g., Black, Hispanic, gay). One of your employees is upset about the diversity initiative and has begun posting religious scriptures condemning homosexuality on his cubicle in large type for everyone to see. When asked to remove them, your employee tells you that the posters promoting diversity offend Christian and Muslim employees. What should you do?
Address the situation by enforcing the company's policies and values. Meet with the employee privately, reiterate the nonharassment policy, and explain that posting scriptures targeting specific groups violates those policies. Emphasize the importance of respecting diversity and fostering an inclusive work environment.
In this situation, it is essential to handle the matter promptly and respectfully. Schedule a private meeting with the employee involved to discuss their actions and the impact they have on the workplace environment. Clearly communicate that the company has implemented policies promoting inclusivity, nonharassment, and respect for all employees, regardless of their sexual orientation or religious beliefs. Explain that posting scriptures condemning homosexuality in a visible manner goes against these policies, as it creates a hostile and discriminatory atmosphere for other employees. Reinforce the importance of maintaining a professional and inclusive work environment that respects diversity. Request the employee to remove the offensive scriptures and remind them of their responsibility to adhere to company policies. Provide additional training or resources if needed to enhance their understanding of diversity and inclusion. Monitor the situation closely and address any further incidents promptly to ensure a respectful and inclusive workplace for all employees.
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As an employer or manager, it's important to handle situations like these with sensitivity, respect, and a commitment to fostering an inclusive work environment.
Schedule a meeting with the employee who has been posting the religious scriptures. Approach the conversation with an open mind, empathy, and a desire to understand their perspective. Listen to their concerns and allow them to express their feelings.
Explain the company's commitment to fostering a diverse and inclusive workplace. Emphasize that the aim is not to offend or marginalize any employee, but to create an environment where everyone feels respected, valued, and included.
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Assume that 5 years from now you will need 25,000 to start a business. Your bank compounds interest at 8% annual rate
1. How much must you deposit now to have a balance of $25,000 at year 5?
2. If you want to make equal deposits at the end of years 1 through 5 to accumulate the $25,000 how large must each of the 5 payments be
3. If you will have only $17,500 at the end of year 1, what interest rate compounded annually would you have to earn to have the necessary $25,000 at Year 5
4. What if the interest rate was compounded quarterly?
1. To have a balance of $25,000 at year 5 with an 8% annual interest rate, you would need to deposit $18,267.07 now. This can be calculated using the future value formula.
2. If you want to make equal deposits at the end of years 1 through 5 to accumulate $25,000, each of the 5 payments must be $4,357.43. This can be calculated using the present value of an annuity formula.
3. If you only have $17,500 at the end of year 1 and want to reach $25,000 at year 5, you would need to earn an annual interest rate of approximately 9.17% compounded annually. This can be calculated using the future value formula.
4. If the interest rate was compounded quarterly, the interest rate required to reach $25,000 at year 5 would be approximately 8.93% compounded quarterly. This can be calculated by adjusting the annual interest rate for the compounding frequency using the formula for compound interest.
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radon homes' current eps is $6.60. it was $4.77 5 years ago. the company pays out 30% of its earnings as dividends, and the stock sells for $32.
Radon Homes, a company in question, currently has an earnings per share (EPS) of $6.60. This represents a growth from $4.77 five years ago. To analyze the company's dividend payout, we consider that Radon Homes pays out 30% of its earnings as dividends and its stock is priced at $32.The dividend yield for Radon Homes is approximately 6.19%.
To calculate the dividend per share (DPS) for Radon Homes, we can use the information provided.
First, we need to determine the earnings per share (EPS) growth rate over the 5-year period:
EPS growth rate = (Current EPS - EPS 5 years ago) / EPS 5 years ago
EPS growth rate = [tex]($6.60 - $4.77) / $4.77 = $1.83 / $4.77 = 0.3836[/tex]
Next, we calculate the current dividend per share (DPS):
DPS = EPS * Payout ratio
Payout ratio = 30% = 0.30
DPS = [tex]6.60 * 0.30 = $1.98[/tex]
Finally, we can calculate the dividend yield, which is the annual dividend per share divided by the stock price:
Dividend Yield = DPS / Stock Price
Dividend Yield = [tex]1.98 / 32 = 0.061875 = 6.19%[/tex]
Therefore, the dividend yield for Radon Homes is approximately 6.19%.
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Queen Co. purchased the net assets of Maeve, Inc. for $300,000 in cash directly from Maeve, Inc. Maeve, Inc. had total assets with a BV of $500,000 and a FMV of $400,000, and total liabilities with both a BV and FMV of $300,000. The amount of goodwill Queen Co. will recognize upon booking this transaction will be:
Question 17 options:
a)
$0
b)
$300,000
c)
$200,000
Queen Co. will recognize $200,000 of goodwill upon purchasing the net assets of Maeve, Inc. for $300,000, as the purchase price exceeds the fair value of the net assets acquired.
To determine the amount of goodwill that Queen Co. will recognize upon booking this transaction, we need to calculate the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net assets acquired.
The fair value of the net assets acquired is calculated as follows:
Fair value of net assets = Fair value of total assets - Fair value of total liabilities
= $400,000 - $300,000
= $100,000
Since Queen Co. purchased the net assets of Maeve, Inc. for $300,000, which is greater than the fair value of the net assets ($100,000), there is goodwill in this transaction.
The amount of goodwill is calculated as follows:
Goodwill = Purchase price - Fair value of net assets
= $300,000 - $100,000
= $200,000
Therefore, the correct answer is option c) $200,000.
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Following are the steps in the activity-based cost allocation:
a- Collection of cost pool
b- Calculation of activity driver rate
c- Identification of the main activities
d- Charging the cost of activities to products e- Determination of the activity cost drivers
State the correct sequence of the above steps
Case 2 (.5 Mark )
Activity -based costing :
a) Uses a plant -wide overhead rate to assign overhead
b) Is not expensive to implement
c)Typically applies overhead costs using direct labor -hours
d) Uses multiple activity rates
Activity-based costing does use multiple activity rates to assign overhead costs based on different activities.
Statement d) is correct.
The correct sequence of the steps in activity-based cost allocation is as follows:
1. Identification of the main activities
2. Collection of cost pool
3. Determination of the activity cost drivers
4. Calculation of activity driver rate
5. Charging the cost of activities to products
Regarding the statements about activity-based costing:
- Statement a) is incorrect.
Activity-based costing does not use a plant-wide overhead rate, but rather uses multiple activity rates to assign overhead costs.
- Statement b) is subjective and depends on the specific implementation of activity-based costing.
Generally, implementing activity-based costing may require time and resources, making it relatively more expensive than other costing methods.
- Statement c) is incorrect.
Activity-based costing does not typically apply overhead costs using direct labor hours. Instead, it assigns overhead costs based on the activities that drive those costs.
- Statement d) is correct.
Activity-based costing does use multiple activity rates to assign overhead costs based on different activities.
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