What is the value of electron gain enthalpy of Na+ if the first Ionization enthalpy of Na is 5.1 e.v

Answer:

[tex]\huge\boxed{\sf P = 800.8\ Ns}[/tex]

Explanation:

Speed = v = 10.4 m/s

Mass = m = 77 kg

Momentum = P = ?

P = mv

Put the given data in the above formula.

P = (77)(10.4)

[tex]\rule[225]{225}{2}[/tex]

As electron orbital transition a produces light with a wavelength of 690 nm, the wavelength of the light produced by transition b is 1380 nm.

The energy of a photon is inversely proportional to its wavelength, so we can use the fact that transition b involves half the energy of transition a to determine the wavelength of the light it produces.

The energy of transition b is half that of transition a, so the wavelength of the light produced by transition b will be twice that of transition a. Therefore, the wavelength of the light produced by transition b is:

Wavelength b = 2 x Wavelength a

Wavelength b = 2 x 690 nm

Wavelength b = 1380 nm

So, the wavelength of the light produced by transition b is 1380 nm.

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Out of the given pairs of atoms, sodium and iodine are most likely to form an ionic bond with each other.

Ionic bonds occur between atoms with significantly different electronegativities, where one atom donates an electron(s) to another atom, resulting in the formation of a positively charged cation and a negatively charged anion that are then held together by electrostatic forces.

Sodium (Na) has one valence electron and a relatively low electronegativity, while iodine (I) has seven valence electrons and a relatively high electronegativity. Therefore, when sodium and iodine come into contact, sodium is likely to donate its valence electron to iodine to form the ionic compound sodium iodide (NaI).

Sodium and potassium have similar electronegativity values and are both alkali metals, making them less likely to form ionic bonds with each other since their properties are similar.

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By titration, it is found that the 11.9 ml of the 0.101 M NaOH(aq) is needed to neutralize the 25.0 ml of HCl(aq).The concentration of the HCl solution is 0.048 M.

The reaction is as follows :

NaOH + HCl ---->  NaCl  +  H₂O

The concentration of the NaOH = 0.101 M

The volume of the NaOH = 11.9 mL = 0.0119 L

The moles of the NaOH = molarity ×volume

                                        = 0.101 × 0.0119

                                        = 0.0012 mol

The Volume of the HCl = 25 mL = 0.025 L

The moles of the HCl = 0.0012 mol

The concentration of the HCl = moles / volumes in L

                                                 = 0.0012 / 0.025

                                                 = 0.048 M

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In a 60g sample of tetraethyl-lead, a gasoline is addictive, is found to contain 38.43g lead, 17.83g carbon and 3.74g hydrogen, its empirical formula is PbC₆H₂₀.

The term Empirical formula is defined as the chemical formula of a compound that gives the ratios of the elements present in the compound but not the actual numbers or arrangement of atoms.

The percentage mass of Pb = 38.43/60 × 100

= 64.05 %

The percentage mass of C = 17.83/60 × 100

= 29.71%

The percentage mass of H = 3.74/60 × 100

= 6.23%

Now,

Pb → 64.05/207

= 0.3094

C ⇾ 29.71/12

= 2.475

H ⇾ 6.23/1

= 6.23

Therefore, the ratio is as follows:

Pb : C : H = 1 : 8 : 20

Thus, empirical formula is PbC₆H₂₀.

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20 billion tons of carbon (as carbon dioxide) are released into the air each year. So option c. is the correct answer.

Each year, human actions release more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere than natural cycles can deduct, resulting in the quantity of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere inflating. The global average carbon dioxide forms a new record high in 2021: 414.72 parts per million. Carbon dioxide concentrations are rising primarily because of the fossil fuel that people are burning for energy.

Fossil fuels like coal and oil contain carbon that plants removed out of the atmosphere through photosynthesis over multiple millions of years; we are reciprocating that carbon to the atmosphere in merely a few hundred.

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The mineral Calcite has a pale yellow color with a dull luster. It has no visible cleavage.

It appears to have a conchoidal fracture, where the pieces break apart with curved edges.Calcite is a very common mineral composed of calcium carbonate (CaCO3). It is the primary mineral in many metamorphic and sedimentary rocks, and is a major component of limestone and marble. Calcite has a hardness of 3 on the Mohs scale, which makes it suitable for use in jewelry and ornaments. Calcite occurs in a variety of colors, including white, yellow, orange, pink, blue, and green. It is also the main component of many chalk deposits. Calcite is used in many industrial processes and products, including as a filler in cement, as a neutralizing agent in soil, and as a flux in steelmaking. It is also used as a source of calcium in animal feed and as a food additive.

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complete question:Observe the minerals Calcite. Describe the mineral's colour, luster (shiny or dull) and the way they break apart (cleavage or fracture) in the student guide

Streak is the color of the mineral when it is powdered. This property is useful for identifying minerals, as the streak of a mineral is often different from its visible color.

For example, hematite, which appears as a dull red or brown in its natural form, has a streak that is a bright red color. This property is determined by rubbing the mineral on a piece of unglazed porcelain, which leaves behind a streak of the powdered mineral. Streak can be affected by the presence of impurities in the mineral, but in general, it is a reliable way to identify a mineral.Streak is a physical property of minerals that refers to the color of the powdered form of a mineral. It is determined by rubbing the mineral on an unglazed porcelain plate, which leaves behind a streak of the mineral's powder. Streak is a useful tool for mineral identification, as it can often be more consistent and distinct than the visible color of a mineral. For example, some minerals may have variable visible colors due to impurities, but their streak will be consistent. Streak can also be used to distinguish between minerals that may look similar but have different properties.

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The crystallization step of recrystallization removes soluble impurities from a solid mixture. When a solid is dissolved in a solvent and then allowed to cool, the solubility of the solid in the solvent decreases and the solid crystallizes out of the solution.

Soluble impurities, which are typically more soluble in the solvent than the desired compound, will remain in solution or be incorporated into the crystal lattice of the impure crystals. As a result, the crystals that form during the crystallization step will have a higher purity than the initial solid mixture. Further purification can be achieved through multiple rounds of recrystallization using different solvents or by additional purification methods such as chromatography.

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A 0.0907 g sample of a weak acid requires 15.0 ml of 0.1008 m sodium hydroxide to be neutralized by titration. the molar mass of the monoprotic weak acid is 60.13 g/mol.

We can use the balanced chemical equation of the neutralization reaction to calculate the number of moles of the weak acid that reacted with the sodium hydroxide:

Weak acid + NaOH → NaA + H2O

where NaA is the sodium salt of the weak acid.

The number of moles of sodium hydroxide used can be calculated from its concentration and the volume used in the titration:

n(NaOH) = C(NaOH) x V(NaOH)

n(NaOH) = 0.1008 mol/L x 0.0150 L

n(NaOH) = 0.00151 mol

Since 1 mole of weak acid reacts with 1 mole of sodium hydroxide, the number of moles of the weak acid is also 0.00151 mol.

The molar mass of the weak acid can be calculated using its mass and the number of moles:

Molar mass = mass / moles

Molar mass = 0.0907 g / 0.00151 mol

Molar mass = 60.13 g/mol

Therefore, the molar mass of the monoprotic weak acid is 60.13 g/mol.

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D. The lines connect points of equal air pressure.

Answer:

C. Burning a log in a fireplace

Explanation:

Chemical energy is stored in the bonds between atoms and molecules and can be converted into another form of energy. This can occur through chemical reactions, such as combustion or decay.

An example of chemical energy being converted into another form is option C: Burning a log in a fireplace. In this example, the chemical energy stored in the wood is released through combustion, producing heat and light. The heat energy is then transferred to the surrounding air and environment, warming it up.

This is different from options A and B, which involve physical changes but not the conversion of chemical energy. Option D, a roller coaster going downhill, is an example of potential energy being converted into kinetic energy, but not of chemical energy being converted.


ALLEN

The volume in liters, of 0.250 mole of oxygen gas at 20.0 C and 0.974 atm of pressure is 6.174L.

The volume of a substance can be calculated by using Avogadro's law equation as follows:

PV = nRT

Where;

According to this question, a 0.250 mole of oxygen gas at 20.0 C and 0.974 atm of pressure. The volume of the gas is calculated as follows:

0.974 × V = 0.250 × 293 × 0.0821

0.974V = 6.013825

V = 6.174L

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Answer:

The oxidation state of manganese in MnO2 is +4 and in KMnO4 is +7. This can be determined by using the oxidation states of K (+1) and oxygen (-2) in KMnO4 and the fact that the sum of the oxidation states of all the elements in a neutral compound must be zero. Since there are four oxygen atoms in KMnO4, their total contribution to the oxidation state is -8. To balance this, the oxidation state of manganese must be +7, which means it has been oxidized from +4 in MnO2 to +7 in KMnO4.

Explanation:

Answer:

0.225 moles

Explanation:

Looking at the balanced equation, 4 moles of Fe(s) react with 3 moles of [tex]O_{2}[/tex](g) to produce 2 moles of [tex]Fe_{2}O_{3}[/tex](s). In other words, for every 3 moles of [tex]O_{2}[/tex] (g) used, there are 2 moles of product [tex]Fe_{2}O_{3}[/tex](s). The mole ratio is therefore 3:2. In other words, you  the moles of [tex]O_{2}[/tex] by [tex]\frac{3}{2}[/tex] to find the moles of product.

There are 0.15 moles of [tex]O_{2}[/tex], so the moles of product should be  3/2 of this according to the molar ratio.

0.15 * [tex]\frac{3}{2}[/tex] = 0.225

Your answer is 0.225 moles.

Hope this helps!

Avogadro's number can be multiplied by the number of moles to determine the number of atoms in 4.48 L of He gas at STP is  1.20 x 10²³ atoms.

Option D is correct.

                       N = N × n

                = 6.02 x 10²³ × 0.200 mol

                            = 1.20 x 10²³ atoms.

Therefore, the answer is 1.20 x 10²³ atoms.

In physics and chemistry, Avogadro's number is a fundamental constant that indicates the number of atoms, ions, or molecules in one mole of a substance. It is exactly 6.02214076 x 10²³ particles per mole, as defined.

Standard Temperature and Pressure is spelled STP. For the purpose of measuring the physical properties of gases, STP is utilized as a reference condition. It has a temperature of 0° Celsius and a pressure of one atmosphere.

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Metallic bonding is a common characteristic of a material that may conduct electricity when it is solid. The movement of electrical power or charge is known as electricity.

Metallic bonding is the kind of bonding that results in a material with the capacity to conduct electricity when it is solid. The valence electrons of metal atoms become delocalized and free to roam about the crystal lattice during metallic bonding, forming a "sea" of electrons. As they are able to transfer electricity through solid materials, these delocalized electrons are what give solid materials their electrical conductivity. Copper, aluminium, and gold are a few examples of metals that display metallic bonding and electrical conductivity in the solid form. A fundamental component of the natural world, electricity is also one of the most extensively utilised energy sources.

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Answer:

Explanation:

The acceleration can be calculated using the following formula:

acceleration = (final velocity - initial velocity) / time

In this case:

acceleration = (3 m/s - 15 m/s) / 2 seconds = -6 m/s^2

So the horse slows down with an acceleration of -6 meters per second squared. Note that the negative sign indicates that the direction of the acceleration is opposite to the direction of motion.

Human activities have disrupted the natural balance in the carbon cycle and are the main reason for the current imbalance.

The equation provided represents the balance in the atmospheric carbon levels. The atmospheric carbon is equal to the sum of all carbon output, such as emissions from fossil fuel burning and deforestation, minus the sum of all carbon inputs, such as photosynthesis and carbon absorption by oceans.

However, due to human activities like burning of fossil fuels, deforestation, and land use changes, the balance in the carbon cycle has been disrupted. The amount of carbon output has increased significantly, leading to a rise in atmospheric carbon levels. Meanwhile, the inputs, such as photosynthesis and carbon absorption by oceans, have not increased proportionately.

As a result, the equation is no longer balanced and there is now more atmospheric carbon than can be absorbed through natural processes. This has led to an increase in greenhouse gases and global warming, causing a range of environmental and health problems.

Therefore, human activities have disrupted the natural balance in the carbon cycle and are the main reason for the current imbalance.

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you need to measure out 17.0 grams of NaOH to prepare a 1.7 M solution of 250.0 mL.

To calculate the amount of NaOH needed to prepare a 1.7 M solution of 250.0 mL, we can use the formula:

moles of solute = concentration (in M) x volume (in L)

First, we need to convert the volume from milliliters to liters:

250.0 mL = 250.0 / 1000 = 0.25 L

Now, we can plug in the values:

moles of NaOH = 1.7 M x 0.25 L

moles of NaOH = 0.425 mol

Finally, we can calculate the mass of NaOH required using its molar mass:

mass of NaOH = moles of NaOH x molar mass of NaOH

The molar mass of NaOH is 40.00 g/mol (sodium: 22.99 g/mol, oxygen: 15.99 g/mol, hydrogen: 1.01 g/mol).

mass of NaOH = 0.425 mol x 40.00 g/mol

mass of NaOH = 17.0 g

Therefore, To calculate the amount of NaOH needed to prepare a 1.7 M solution of 250.0 mL, we can use the formula:

moles of solute = concentration (in M) x volume (in L)

First, we need to convert the volume from milliliters to liters:

250.0 mL = 250.0 / 1000 = 0.25 L

Now, we can plug in the values:

moles of NaOH = 1.7 M x 0.25 L

moles of NaOH = 0.425 mol

Finally, we can calculate the mass of NaOH required using its molar mass:

mass of NaOH = moles of NaOH x molar mass of NaOH

The molar mass of NaOH is 40.00 g/mol (sodium: 22.99 g/mol, oxygen: 15.99 g/mol, hydrogen: 1.01 g/mol).

mass of NaOH = 0.425 mol x 40.00 g/mol

mass of NaOH = 17.0 g

Therefore, you need to measure out 17.0 grams of NaOH to prepare a 1.7 M solution of 250.0 mL.

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The partial pressure of Cl2 is calculated by taking the chemical equation that is mentioned below. In an equilibrium mixture at 500 K, the partial pressure of PCl5 is 0.860 atm and that of PCl3 is 0.350 atm.

The partial pressure of Cl2 at equilibrium is. Q. 'a' mol of PCl5 undergoes thermal dissociation as-

PCl5⇌PCl3+Cl2;

the mole fraction PCl3 at equilibrium is 0.25 and the total pressure is 2 atm. The partial pressure can be calculated as follows: P(gas 1) = x(gas 1) * P(Total); where x(gas 1) = no of moles(gas 1)/ no of moles(total). As you can see the above formulae does not require the individual volumes of the gases or the total volume.

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Histidine is an important amino acid with an aromatic side chain that contains two nitrogens. The nitrogen in position 1 is more likely to get protonated in acid.

Under acidic circumstances, histidine's imidazole side chain can behave as a weak base and take up a proton (H+). The pKa values of the two nitrogens in the imidazole ring differ, determining which nitrogen is more likely to be protonated.

The nitrogen that is more likely to be protonated in acid is the more basic nitrogen, which is the nitrogen that is less able to share its electron pair due to its ring location. In the case of histidine, the nitrogen situated at position 1 of the imidazole ring is more basic and hence more likely to be protonated in acid.

This is because nitrogen in position 1 has a lower pKa value (about 6) than nitrogen in position 3. (around 9). This indicates that the nitrogen in position 1 is more likely to take up a proton and get protonated in acidic circumstances, whereas the nitrogen in position 3 is less likely to do so.

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Answer:The mass of a single water molecule can be calculated using its molecular formula, H2O. The molecular weight of water is 18.015 g/mol.If we have 3.01 x 10^24 water molecules, the total mass can be calculated as follows:Mass = Number of water molecules * Molecular weight of waterMass = 3.01 x 10^24 * 18.015 g/molMass = 5.45 x 10^25 gSo, the mass of 3.01 x 10^24 water molecules is approximately 5.45 x 10^25 grams.

A. The rate of the reaction with respect to each of the reactants and products is given by:
Rate = -1/2 Δ[N2O]/Δt = 1/2 Δ[N2]/Δt = Δ[O2]/Δt

Note that the negative sign in the rate of change of N2O is due to the fact that the concentration of N2O is decreasing with time, while the positive signs for the other two rates indicate that the concentrations of N2 and O2 are increasing with time.
B. The average rate of the reaction over the first 15.0 s can be calculated by dividing the change in the concentration of O2 by the time interval:
Average rate of reaction = Δ[O2]/Δt = (0.015 mol)/(15.0 s) = 0.001 mol/s
Note that the reaction is given in terms of moles of O2 produced, so we can directly use the change in the concentration of O2 to calculate the rate.
C. The rate of change in the concentration of N2O over the first 15.0 s can be predicted using the rate expression:
Rate = -1/2 Δ[N2O]/Δt
We can rearrange this equation to solve for the rate of change in the concentration of N2O:
Δ[N2O]/Δt = -2 × Rate
Substituting the average rate of reaction calculated in part B, we get:
Δ[N2O]/Δt = -2 × 0.001 mol/s = -0.002 mol/s
This indicates that the concentration of N2O is decreasing at a rate of 0.002 mol/s over the first 15.0 s of the reaction.


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Orange juice has a pH of 3.5,Drain cleaner has a pH of 13.The pH scale is a measure of the acidity or basicity (alkalinity) of a solution, ranging from 0 (most acidic) to 14 (most basic), with 7 being neutral.

Based on the given pH values, we can classify each substance as acidic, basic, or neutral:

Orange juice has a pH of 3.5, which is below 7, indicating that it is acidic. Orange juice is acidic due to the presence of citric acid, which is a weak organic acid found naturally in citrus fruits.

Drain cleaner has a pH of 13, which is above 7, indicating that it is basic (alkaline). Drain cleaners are typically basic due to the presence of strong alkaline compounds such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or potassium hydroxide (KOH), which are used to dissolve clogs in drains and pipes.

In summary, based on their pH values, orange juice is acidic and drain cleaner is basic. It is important to note that both acids and bases can be harmful if not used or handled properly, and caution should always be exercised when working with them.

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After 2.4 hours, only 15.8% of the initial concentration of N2O5 will remain when  first-order reaction 2N2O5 -> 2N2O4 + O2 at a particular temperature. The half-life of N2O5 is 0. 90 hours.

The first-order reaction 2N2O5 -> 2N2O4 + O2 has a rate constant k that can be determined using the half-life of N2O5. The half-life of a first-order reaction is given by the equation:

t1/2 = ln(2) / k

where t1/2 is the half-life and ln is the natural logarithm.

Substituting the given half-life of 0.90 hours into this equation, we can solve for the rate constant k:

0.90 = ln(2) / k

k = ln(2) / 0.90

k = 0.77 / hour

Now we can use the integrated rate law for a first-order reaction to determine the fraction of the initial concentration of N2O5 that will remain after 2.4 hours:

ln([N2O5]t/[N2O5]0) = -kt

where [N2O5]t is the concentration of N2O5 at time t, [N2O5]0 is the initial concentration of N2O5, and k is the rate constant.

We want to find [N2O5]t/[N2O5]0 when t = 2.4 hours. We know that t1/2 = 0.90 hours, so after one half-life (0.90 hours), the concentration of N2O5 will be reduced to half its initial value. After two half-lives (1.80 hours), the concentration will be reduced to one quarter of its initial value, and so on. We can use this information to determine that 2.4 hours is equal to 2.67 half-lives:

2.4 hours / 0.90 hours per half-life = 2.67 half-lives

Substituting this value into the integrated rate law, we get:

ln([N2O5]t/[N2O5]0) = -kt

ln([N2O5]t/[N2O5]0) = -(0.77 / hour) x (2.4 hours)

ln([N2O5]t/[N2O5]0) = -1.85

Taking the antilogarithm of both sides, we get:

[N2O5]t/[N2O5]0 = e^-1.85

[N2O5]t/[N2O5]0 = 0.158

Therefore, after 2.4 hours, only 15.8% of the initial concentration of N2O5 will remain.

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We require the number of moles of solute and the volume of the solution in liters to determine the molarity of a solution. Initially, we must calculate the amount of moles of NaCl in 5.85 g. NaCl .

has a molar mass of 58.44 g/mol: NaCl moles = mass of NaCl / molar mass of NaCl moles = 5.85 g / 58.44 g/mol NaCl moles = 0.1 mol The volume of the solution must then be converted from milliliters to liters: 500 mL / 1000 mL/L solution volume 0.5 L solution volume We can compute the molarity of the solution now that we know the number of moles of NaCl and the volume of the solution in liters: molarity = solute moles / volume of solutio molarity = 0.1 mol / 0.5 L molarity = 0.2 mol/L Therefore, the molarity of the solution is 0.2 mol/L, which corresponds to option C.

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The molar ratio of Mg reacted to H2 produced is 1:1. This means that for every mole of Mg that reacts, one mole of H2 is produced. The stoichiometric ratio between the Mg ribbon reactant and the hydrogen gas product is also 1:1.

This ratio is determined by the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between Mg and HCl, which is Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2. The coefficients in this equation represent the number of moles of each reactant and product that are involved in the reaction. The coefficient for Mg is 1, indicating that one mole of Mg reacts with two moles of HCl to produce one mole of H2 and one mole of MgCl2.

The stoichiometric ratio is important because it allows us to determine the number of reactants or products needed in a reaction. For example, if we know the amount of Mg we have, we can use the stoichiometric ratio to calculate the amount of H2 that will be produced. Similarly, if we know the amount of H2 we need, we can use the stoichiometric ratio to determine how much Mg we need to react with HCl to produce the required amount of H2.

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