When aging neurons die, they can be replaced is unusual about olfactory receptors compared to most other mature mammalian neurons.
What is neuron?Information is transmitted via neurons. They communicate between various brain regions and between the brain and the rest of the nervous system through electrical impulses and chemical signals.The basic building blocks of the brain and nervous system are neurons (also known as neurones or nerve cells). A neuron is made up of a cell body, which includes a nucleus and cytoplasm, from which long, thin portions that resemble hair grow. The neuron's lone long component, known as the axon, is responsible for carrying nerve impulses to various body areas. Dendrites are the short, branching components of the neuron.The fundamental unit of the neurological system is the neuron. Dendrites, cell bodies, and axons are the three distinct components of all neurons. The structure of the neuron is specifically equipped to quickly transmit electrical information over long distances in the body.
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If a person uses up his or her reserve supply of glycogen and still does not eat, sugar comes from the?
If a person uses up his or her reserve supply of glycogen and still does not eat, sugar comes from the muscle.
Although only liver glycogen directly contributes to the release of glucose into circulation, maintaining a healthy blood glucose concentration is one of the glycogen's key functions. Since skeletal muscles lack glucose 6-phosphatase, they are unable to release glucose, and muscle glycogen primarily serves as a local energy source for activity rather than a source of fuel to keep blood glucose levels stable while fasting.
In fact, the breakdown of muscle glycogen into lactate allows for its delivery to the liver, where it participates in the maintenance of euglycemia through the process of gluconeogenesis (Cori cycle).
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What are the steps that lead to increased excitability in a neuron when ne is released presynaptically?
What are the steps that lead to increased excitability in a neuron when ne is released presynaptically? G-protein in the membrane is activated when the NE receptor is attached to a receptor.
What is excitability in a neuron?The action potential serves as the foundation for a neuron's excitability, or its capacity to produce a significant, fast shift in membrane voltage in response to a very minor input. The loss of the negative transmembrane potential due to an inward current of positive charges is caused by the action potential, which typically progresses to a positive transmembrane potential before swiftly repolarizing back to a negative transmembrane potential.
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Mice with a gain-of-function mutation in the agouti gene will have fur that has a(n)_____color.
Calcium that enters the cell during smooth muscle excitation binds with
a. myosin
b. actin
c. troponin
d. inactive myosin kinase
e. calmodulin
Calcium that enters the cell during smooth muscle excitation binds with calmodulin.
What is calmodulin?All eukaryotic cells express calmodulin, a multifunctional intermediate messenger protein that binds calcium. Calmodulin is an intracellular target of the secondary messenger Ca2+, and Ca2+ binding is necessary for calmodulin activation.Various calcium-sensitive enzymes, ion channels, and other proteins get signals from calmodulin, a protein that functions as an intermediate protein that senses calcium levels. All eukaryotic cells have the calcium-binding protein calmodulin, also known as calcium-modulated protein, in their cytoplasm. It interacts with a large number of other proteins in the cell and performs a wide range of biological tasks as a regulator or effector molecule.Calmodulin binds calcium and magnesium. Different calcium-calmodulin complexes then bind to and activate enzymes that control cellular calcium or cyclic nucleotides as well as particular protein kinases that control target enzymes by ATP-dependent phosphorylation.
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To believe that humans are ______ is to believe that humans act on the basis of reason.
To believe that humans are rational is to believe that humans act on the basis of reason.
Why are human beings rational?Because it has intelligence that gives it the ability to communicate through a structured language based on speech, increasing its power to communicate, to issue judgments and to develop methodologies capable of increasing the quality of life.
Rationality is a characteristic that differentiates humans from animals, being this focus for social development, for the development of technology and science, which impacts our lives so much through engineering, medicine, mathematics, etc.
Therefore, acting based on reason is a characteristic of human beings, which is based on their intelligence and ability to think analytically to adapt and improve society.
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Respectively, what substances in dark greens and grains are tightly bound to iron and limit its absorption into the body?
Answer:
oxlic acid
Explanation:
I hope this help
what does the model represent?
The electron donor that replenishes the ps ii reaction center is ______ and for the ps i reaction center is _______.
The electron donor that replenishes the ps ii reaction center is H₂O and for the ps i reaction center is cyt.
What is Electron donor?A chemical substance that donates electrons to another component is known as an electron donor. It is a reducing agent that causes its own oxidation as a result of contributing electrons. Covalent or ionic reaction chemistry permanently changes the chemical makeup of typical reducing agents.An electron donor that bonds to an atom other than hydrogen is known as a nucleophile. A base is a hydrogen-bonding electron donor.Ions or compounds that donate electrons function as reducing agents and are known as electron donors.The proton gradient in the intermembrane gap is produced by NADH molecules donating electrons that are then transmitted through a number of different proteins. When the electron reaches the last protein, it forms a link with an oxygen molecule to produce water.
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Directions
Task 1: Biologist Responsibilities
Research one or more of the following biology-related job fields: Field Biologist, Senior Biologist,
Conservation Biologist, Conservation Scientist, or Evolutionary Ecologist. Find a sample resume
within that field and identify some key skill sets that resume has. Are these skills that you feel you
already possess? Or would you need to grow some of these skills? Be sure to upload the
sample resume to the dropbox.
Type your response here:
The sample resume of a Senior Biologist is given in the pdf attached.
What are the skill sets that resume has?They includes:
MicrobiologyProject Management BacteriologyCell Culture Study Collaboration.Are these skills that you feel you already possess?Among the options of the skills, the ones that i possess are:
Project Management Study Collaboration.Would you need to grow some of these skills?Yes i would need to grow some of the skills such Bacteriology and Cell Culture. I know the foundation of the course but not too in-depth so I need to grow those skills.
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You are performing a endospore stain on a gram-positive bacteria and that is not endospore forming. What will this look like at the end of the stain?
performing a endospore stain on a gram-positive bacteria and that is not endospore forming. at the end of the stain it will look pink due to absence of any endospores.
Some bacteria create bacterial endospores, extremely resistant, metabolically dormant entities as a defense mechanism against unfavorable environmental conditions. Until conditions are right, the bacteria can stay in this suspended state and eventually germinate and go back to their vegetative state.By heating the bacterial emulsion, the Schaeffer-approach Fulton's forces a primary stain, malachite green, into the spore. Vegetative cells may be decolored with water since malachite green is water soluble and has a poor affinity for cellular matter. After that, safranin is used to counterstain any decolored cells. Vegetative cells will be pink and endospores will be a dark green color after staining.However due to absence of endospores, the counterstain will not produce any distinguish features and the slide would appear pink.learn more about endospore here:
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What is the connection between glaciers high in the himalayan mountains and hundreds of millions of people living in the lowlands of india,china and bangladesh
the connection between glaciers high in the Himalayan mountains and hundreds of millions of people living in the lowlands is direct because it provides water in the form of rivers.
What is the connection between glaciers high in the Himalayan mountains and the people living in the lowlands?There is direct connection between glaciers high in the Himalayan mountains and hundreds of millions of people living in the lowlands of India, china and Bangladesh because the glaciers of Himalayan mountains melts in the summer season and provides huge amount of water that flows down to the lowlands. This water is used for drinking, agriculture, industries and in many daily activities.
So we can conclude that the connection between glaciers high in the Himalayan mountains and hundreds of millions of people living in the lowlands is direct because it provides water in the form of rivers.
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The arrangement of homeotic genes along chromosomes of vertebrate and invertebrate animals corresponds to the expression pattern of the genes along the?
The arrangement of homeotic genes along chromosomes of vertebrate and invertebrate animals corresponds to the expression pattern of the genes along the anterior-posterior axis of the developing embryo.
What are homeotic genes?Homeotic genes are a group of body pattern forming genes which control the development along the anterior- posterior axis of the developing embryo.These encode transcription factors which control and specify the genes involved in body patterning. These provide identity to the segments during embryo formation.Genes located in the 5’ end act on posterior side whereas the genes on 3’ end act on anterior region.Homeotic genes are evolutionary conserved and control body specification, patterning and differentiation.The loss of function of any of the gene changes the body pattern and affects the development.Learn more about homeotic genes here:
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An organism’s complexity ____ with the number of its genes; it ____ with the amount of junk dna.
An organism's complexity is directly related to the amount of junk DNA.
Most eukaryotic genomes are larger and more complex than those of prokaryotes. However, the genome size of many eukaryotes does not appear to be related to genetic complexity.
For example, the genomes of salamanders and lilies contain more than ten times the amount of DNA that is in the human genome, yet these organisms are clearly not ten times more complex than humans.
Further studies showed that in the human genome only 2.5%of the genes are coding for protein while the rest of the 97.5% of genes are non-coding genes or junk DNA.
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A porcupine has an internal skeleton and a rose has a stem. Write a sentence to explain how these physical structures have different functions.
Answer:
The sentence that explained the physical structures have different functions is like it generated the new living tissue and fluid transportation.
Usage of an internal skeleton?
Since A porcupine has an internal skeleton and a rose has a stem.
So here the internal skeleton should be used for helping out an organism for holding the body up and kept from falling.
On the other hand, the stem should stored the nutrients and generated the new living tissue and fluid transportation.
The Internal skeleton of the porcupine gives shape and structure to the porcupine.
The stem of the rose plant provides support to the plant and serves to transport nutrient and water in the plant.
What a skeleton?A skeleton is a rigid structure found in living organisms which provide structure and shape to the living organism.
Skeletons are found in animals.
Skeletons present in animals are of two types:
Internal skeletons also known as endoskeletonsexternal skeletons also known as endoskeletonsThe Internal skeleton of the porcupine gives shape and structure to the porcupine. It also serves as a point of attachment to muscles in order to enable movement.
Stems are present in plants.
Stems serve various purposes in plants such as:
transport of nutrients and water storage of food and waterprovides support and structure to the plant.Thus, the stem of the rose plant provides support to the plant and serves to transport nutrient and water in the plant.
In conclusion, the internal skeleton of animals and the stem of plants both provide shape and structure to the respective organisms.
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Recent work by taxonomists at the world register of marine species has eliminated how many previously listed species because they were duplicate identities?
Recent work by taxonomists at the world register of marine species has eliminated between 1,50,000 and 2,00,000 previously listed species because they were duplicate identities.
228,445 marine organisms have been identified, according to taxonomists who have taken on the challenging mission of cataloging every species in the ocean.
190,400 i.e. between 1,50,000 and 2,00,000 previously listed species were removed by the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) staff because they were duplicates.
A biologist who classifies creatures is a taxonomist.
For instance, a plant taxonomist could research the origins and connections between various rose varieties, whereas an insect taxonomist might concentrate on the connections between various beetle varieties.
The plants, animals, and other species that exist in salt water found in the sea, ocean, or brackish water found in coastal estuaries are referred to as marine life, sea life, or ocean life. Marine life has a fundamental impact on the planet's nature.
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What evidence does the dische test provide that helps confirm that dna was extracted from the strawberries. Why do you think it is relatively easy to isolate dna from strawberries?.
Ripe strawberries are a perfect reference for extracting DNA because they are easy to pulverize and include enzymes called pectinases and cellulases that help to crack down cell walls. And most significant, strawberries have eight documents of each chromosome (they are octoploid), so there is a lot of DNA to separate.
What is extract DNA?Celebrate the line between the strawberry combination and the alcohol. You will witness a white thread-like cloud occurring at this line. This is strawberry DNA. The DNA will clump together and float to the lid of the alcohol layer.The capacity to extract DNA is of immediate importance to studying the hereditary causes of disease and for the development of diagnostics and drugs. It is also important for taking out forensic science, sequencing genomes, detecting bacteria and viruses in the atmosphere, and determining paternity.The purposes of this experiment are to extract DNA from a fruit selection, test the wetness of a soil sample, and complete blood typing and gel electrophoresis. The DNA will be removed using the basic biochemical techniques for separating, refining, and digesting DNA molecules.To learn more about DNA, refer to:
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When cells are exposed to sublethal doses of ionizing radiation, repair and recovery may occur because cells:______.
Answer:
Contain a repair mechanism inherent in their biochemistry (repair enzymes)
Explanation:
When cells are exposed to sublethal doses of ionizing radiation, repair and recovery may occur because cells: Contain a repair mechanism inherent in their biochemistry (repair enzymes).
What physical feature of the human eye lends imporant support to the trichromatic therory of color vision?
The various types of cones in the retina is physical feature of the human eye lens is important to support the trichromatic theory of color vision.
What is trichromatic theory?Trichromatic refers to something with three colors because the prefix "tri" implies three and the root "chroma" means color.According to the trichromatic hypothesis of color vision, the retina contains three distinct color receptors. The retina's cones are responsible for providing color vision.According to this view, the cones are sensitive to the hues of green, blue, and red. Eyes can distinguish between millions of different colors when these colors are blended.Thomas Young and Hermann von Helmholtz were the ones who first put out this notion. Thomas Young was the first to postulate the existence of three color receptors in human eyes, each of which is sensitive to a different range of light wavelengths: short, medium, and long.Hermann von Helmholtz conducted a number of experiments to test the hypothesis decades later and discovered it to be accurate.The Young Helmholtz Trichromatic Theory is hence another name for the theory.Learn more about trichromatic theory here
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Scientists in the field of evo-devo have determined that evolutionary changes can be a result of changes in ________.
Scientists in the field of evo-devo have determined that evolutionary changes can be a result of changes in homeotic genes.
Homeotic genes are a class of genes that regulate how the body forms in the early stages of organism development. These genes produce proteins known as transcription factors that instruct cells to generate different body components.
In the hierarchy of genes governing the initial stages of embryonic development in Drosophila, homeotic genes play a key role. They are involved in defining the unique identities of each of the insect's bodily parts.
Evo-devo offers proof that significant morphological change is both feasible and not always necessitated by significant alterations in the DNA. Gilbert (2003) and Arthur (2004) have also argued that when teaching evolution, development should be taken into consideration.
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the ability of an organ to adjust to changes in either its internal or external environments is called
Answer:
Animal organs and organ systems constantly adjust to internal and external changes through a process called homeostasis (“steady state”). These changes might be in the level of glucose or calcium in blood or in external temperatures. Homeostasis means to maintain dynamic equilibrium in the body
A person's original chromosomes and their component genes constitute that person's :_______
a) genotype.
b) allele.
c) phenotype.
d) autosomal inheritance.
e) locus.
A person's original chromosomes and their component genes constitute that person's genotype (Option a is correct).
What is a genotype?A genotype can be defined as the genes and their variant (alleles) contian in a given nucleotide sequence of DNA, which can be represented by a linear chromosome.
The genotype may contain only a few genes in small chromosomes (e.g., plasmids) or many genes in linear human chromosomes (over more than 1000 genes).
In conclusion, a person's original chromosomes and their component genes constitute that person's genotype carried out by the individual and his/her cells (Option a is correct).
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two most important environmental factors affecting animals
The two most important environmental factors are biotic and abiotic factors affecting animals.
what are the difference between abiotic and biotic factor ?Biotic factors are living beings of an ecosystem where as abiotic factors are non-living like physical and chemical agents in the ecosystem.
Biotic factor dependent on abiotic factor, but abiotic factor are independent.
Biotic factor affects the biome, individual species, population biosphere,, where as abiotic factor affects species, their population, community, ecosystem, and biosphere.
Biotic factor are plants, animals, bacteria, algae where as abiotic factors are soil, topography, climate of an ecosystem.
Biotic factor is subjective but abiotic factor is objective.
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In the dna isolation process, ________ is used to break down the protein complexes and allow the dna molecules to easily precipitate.
In the DNA isolation process, ice cold 95% ethanol is used to break down the protein complexes and allow the DNA molecules to easily precipitate.
What is separation and isolation of DNA fragments?
The cutting of DNA by restriction endonucleases results in the fragments of DNA. These fragments can be separated by a technique known as gel electrophoresis. Since, DNA fragments are negatively charged molecules they can be separated by forcing them to move towards the anode under an electric field through a medium/matrix. The most commonly used matrix is agarose which is a natural polymer extracted from sea weeds. The DNA fragments separate (resolve) according to their size through sieving effect provided by the agarose gel. Hence, the smaller the fragment size, the farther it moves.The separated DNA fragments can be visualised only after staining the DNA with a compound known as ethidium bromide followed by exposure to UV radiation (you cannot see pure DNA fragments in the visible light and without staining). We can see bright orange coloured bands of DNA in a ethidium bromide stained gel exposed to UV light. The separated bands of DNA are cut out from the agarose gel and extracted from the gel piece. This step is known as elution. The DNA fragments purified in this way are used in constructing recombinant DNA by joining them with cloning vectors.To learn more about DNA isolation process: https://brainly.com/question/18316109
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Biomolecules are made from simple monomers, yet you find a very high level of diversity. What chemical features make diversity in each category of biomolecules possible?
Chemical features like 3 dimensional structure and chemical bonding are responsible for diversity in biomolecules although they are made from simple monomers.
In the case of carbohydrates, both starch and glycogen are made up of glucose monomers yet they differ in the functions which they perform in our body. This difference is because of the chemical bonding and the 3 dimensional structure.
Similarly in protein biomolecules, amino acids act as the monomers but they differ in function due to their 3 dimensional structure. Nucleotides are the building blocks of both RNA and DNA. RNA and DNA perform different functions in the body. DNA stores ad transfers genetic information while RNA is responsible for directly coding for amino acids.
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Easy! Please Help! A man is walking through the woods with his dog. Suddenly, a tree limb falls in his path and he leaps out of the way to avoid it. Then the man's dog gets loose, and he ends up chasing it through the woods for a minute or two before he manages to catch it.
a) Describe the function of the respiratory system in this situation.
b) Describe the function of the endocrine system in this situation.
c) Describe the function of the nervous system in this situation.
d) Describe two ways that any of the man's body systems worked together in this situation.
The answers include the following:
The respiratory system gave the cells more oxygen via breathing to perform various activities.The endocrine system released hormones such as adrenaline to activate chemical changes and stay alert.The nervous system carried electrical impulses necessary for the contraction and relaxation of muscles.The bones and muscles worked together to ensure adequate movement.What is Musculoskeletal system?This is the system which comprises of bones, ligaments etc and ensure that the body system has a rigid structure.
It also ensures organisms are able to move from one place to another in search of food and for their survival.
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Decomposition in pools, ponds, and lakes takes place mostly in the _______ zone. a. pelagic b. littoral c. benthic d. all of the above please select the best answer from the choices provided a b c d
Answer:
C. Benthic
Explanation:
The benthic zone is the region at the lowest part of water ...
The therapist noted that the muscles on the right side of omar’s body were smaller than those on the left side. what is this condition called?
The muscles on the right side of Omar's body were smaller than those on the left side due to Hemihypertrophy.
A hereditary condition known as hemihypertrophy causes a person's body to expand excessively on one side compared to the other. Because of continuing bone or soft tissue growth, one side of the body grows more quickly than the other. Everyone who is affected can have a different appearance, and youngsters frequently have it. One area of the body, like the legs, may be unaffected by the overgrowth. However, it might also affect the mouth, face, and limbs, among other body parts. Although the gene that causes hemihypertrophy isn't always known, it can be passed on from parents to children. Hemihypertrophy is frequently connected to chromosome 11 mutations in Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome.
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Bacteria with an optimum growth temperature of 37 degrees celsius are __________
Bacteria with an optimum growth temperature of 37 degrees celsius are called mesophiles.
What are mesophiles?These are a group of organisms that grow at moderate temperatures. Their optimum growth temperature ranges from 20 degrees Celsius to 40 degrees Celcius.
This term generally only applies to microorganisms, especially bacteria. There are other groups of bacteria which grow at relatively high or low temperatures
Thermophiles are bacteria that grow at a relatively high temperature and psychrophiles are bacteria that grow at relatively low temperatures.
The optimum temperatures of these bacteria are different because of the expression of certain alleles which release certain enzymes which are only active at particular temperatures.
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What is a refractive error involving an abnormally shaped cornea and irregularly focused light rays called?
A cornea with an irregular shape causes astigmatism, which causes blurry vision. The cornea is less spherical and more shaped like a football or an egg in patients with astigmatism.
When light enters an astigmatic eye, it is bent and refracted to several focus sites inside the eye as opposed to only one focus point on the retina. The two different types of astigmatism.
Regular astigmatism, in which the eyeball is not spherical but is symmetrical.Irregular astigmatism, in which the eyeball is not spherical and not symmetrical.Astigmatism that is regular as opposed to irregular is far more prevalent.
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Once glycogen stores are replenished, what role does the remaining oxidized glucose fill?
Answer:
d
Explanation:
