Vertical integration along the value chain refers to a corporate strategy where a company expands its operations by acquiring or integrating with other companies involved diversification in different stages.
Same industry's value chain. It involves owning and controlling multiple stages, from raw material acquisition to production, distribution, and retailing. By vertically integrating, a company aims to gain greater control over the supply chain, reduce costs, improve efficiency, enhance product quality, industry dynamics, market conditions, and the company's resources and capabilities. It can offer advantages like cost savings, improved coordination, and competitive advantage, but it also presents challenges like increased managerial complexity and potential loss of flexibility. The main types of diversification are concentric diversification, conglomerate diversification, horizontal diversification, and vertical diversification. The most successful type of diversification depends on the specific circumstances and goals of the company. There is no universally superior type as success depends on factors like market opportunities, synergy potential, and the company's ability to effectively manage and company. The success of diversification strategies varies, and the most suitable type depends on various factors that should align with the company's objectives and competitive landscape.
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a cash flow statement examines changes in the value of your personal assets.
A cash flow statement does not examine changes in the value of personal assets.
A cash flow statement is a financial statement that provides information about the cash inflows and outflows of a business or individual over a specific period. It focuses on the movement of cash and cash equivalents, such as money in bank accounts, investments, and operating activities. However, a cash flow statement does not examine changes in the value of personal assets.
Personal assets refer to the possessions or properties owned by an individual, including real estate, vehicles, investments, and valuable possessions. The value of personal assets is typically assessed through methods such as appraisals, market comparisons, or financial evaluations. While changes in personal assets can have an impact on an individual's overall net worth, a cash flow statement does not directly capture or analyze these changes.
Instead, a cash flow statement provides insights into the sources and uses of cash, detailing how money moves in and out of accounts. It focuses on the cash generated from operations, investing activities, and financing activities. The purpose of a cash flow statement is to assess the liquidity, solvency, and operational efficiency of a business or individual by tracking cash movements. It helps evaluate the ability to generate and manage cash, but it does not specifically examine the changes in the value of personal assets.
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Find an article about a company that is experiencing challenges because of who they endorsed, or product that they are selling that flopped, or service that went bad. Perhaps rumors that are flying around, which are causing problems. How would you rebrand the company?
Summarize their story. Then include what did the company do to remedy their situation. Then briefly explain how you would rebrand the company to improve its image?
1. Company:
2. Headline:
3. Situation:
4. Remedy:
5. Recommendations:
One example of a company that experienced challenges because of who they endorsed is Nike. Nike received backlash from some customers after they made Colin Kaepernick, a former NFL quarterback who protested racial injustice by kneeling during the national anthem, the face of their “Just Do It” campaign.
Some customers even burned their Nike products in protest. To rebrand the company, Nike could focus on promoting the qualities that made the company successful in the first place, such as innovation, quality, and durability. They could also highlight their commitment to social justice issues and work to build partnerships with organizations that align with their values.
Additionally, they could listen to feedback from customers and make changes accordingly to show that they value their opinions. Remedy: Nike can focus on their company values and promote innovation, quality and durability.
They can highlight their commitment to social justice issues and build partnerships with organizations that align with their values. Recommendations: Nike should listen to feedback from customers and make changes accordingly to show that they value their opinions.
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Tele Ltd has a beta of 1.3 and is trying to calculate its cost of equity capital. If the risk-free rate of return is 3.5 percent and the market risk premium (market return minus risk-free rate) is 4 percent, then what is the company's expected cost of equity capital?
A. 9.60%
B. 7.20%
C. 8.70%
D. 10.14%
The company's expected cost of equity capital is 9.60%.
The cost of equity capital can be calculated using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), which is given by the formula:
Cost of Equity = Risk-Free Rate + Beta * Market Risk Premium
In this case, the risk-free rate is 3.5% and the market risk premium is 4%. The company's beta is 1.3. By substituting these values into the formula, we can calculate the expected cost of equity capital:
Cost of Equity = 3.5% + 1.3 * 4% = 3.5% + 5.2% = 8.7%
Therefore, the expected cost of equity capital for Tele Ltd is 8.7%, which corresponds to option C.
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Congratulations, after successfully negotiating the union discussions you have been promoted to vice president of human resources (HR). Your company has decided to expand internationally, and you are an influential member of the decision-making team that will select a country for global expansion.
• Develop a chart to compare and contrast the cultures of two specific countries to which your organization is looking to expand. The two countries must be on different continents, and you must use a minimum of 10 criteria from established cultural frameworks.
• Identify two employment laws for each of the two countries you are considering for expansion.
• Evaluate how each law could affect your hiring process and/or organization in general.
• Identify which of the two countries you will recommend for the global expansion of your organization. Write a synopsis in which you summarize why you selected that country. • Conclude your project by explaining how this choice will benefit your organization.
Comparing and contrasting the cultures of two specific countries for global expansion, I would use the country comparison tool from TheGlobalEconomy.com
Hofstede's cultural dimensions (power distance, individualism vs. collectivism, masculinity vs. femininity, uncertainty avoidance, long-term orientation)
Time orientation
Communication style
Attitude towards punctuality
Attitude towards hierarchy
Attitude towards risk-taking
Attitude towards change
Attitude towards rules and regulations
Attitude towards work-life balance
Attitude towards negotiation
For the two countries, I would choose Singapore and Brazil, which are on different continents and have different cultural backgrounds. Based on the comparison, I would identify the following employment laws for each country:
Singapore:
Employment Act
Retirement and Re-employment Act
Brazil:
Consolidation of Labor Laws (CLT)
Social Security Law
The Employment Act in Singapore sets out the basic terms and conditions of employment, including working hours, overtime pay, and annual leave. The Retirement and Re-employment Act requires employers to offer re-employment to eligible employees who reach the retirement age of 62. These laws could affect the hiring process and organization in general by setting minimum standards for employment and requiring employers to offer re-employment to eligible employees.
The Consolidation of Labor Laws (CLT) in Brazil sets out the basic terms and conditions of employment, including working hours, overtime pay, and annual leave. The Social Security Law requires employers to contribute to social security funds on behalf of their employees. These laws could affect the hiring process and organization in general by setting minimum standards for employment and requiring employers to contribute to social security funds.
Based on the comparison of cultures and employment laws, I would recommend Singapore for the global expansion of the organization. Singapore has a highly developed economy, a favorable business environment, and a culture that values efficiency, innovation, and hard work. Additionally, Singapore has a stable political environment and a well-educated workforce. These factors make Singapore an attractive location for global expansion.
Choosing Singapore for global expansion would benefit the organization by providing access to a highly skilled workforce, a favorable business environment, and a stable political environment. Additionally, Singapore's location in Southeast Asia provides access to a large and growing market, which could help to drive growth and profitability for the organization.
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If you invest $20,000 today, how long will it take for you to have $30,000 if you manage to earn an average return of 8.50% per year?
Group of answer choices
about 497 months
about 5 years
about 49 months
about 10 years
If you invest $20,000 today with an average return of 8.50% per year, it will take about 497 months to reach $30,000.
To determine the time it takes to reach $30,000 with an average return of 8.50% per year, we can use the compound interest formula. The formula is:
Future Value = Present Value * (1 + Rate)^Time
In this case, the present value is $20,000, the future value is $30,000, and the rate is 8.50% per year. We need to solve for time. Rearranging the formula, we have:
Time = log(Future Value / Present Value) / log(1 + Rate)
Substituting the given values, we get:
Time = log(30,000 / 20,000) / log(1 + 0.085)
Calculating the logarithms and dividing them, we find:
Time ≈ 497 months
Therefore, it will take approximately 497 months to reach $30,000 with an average return of 8.50% per year. This is equivalent to about 41 years and 5 months.
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Ron Rhodes calls his broker to inquire about purchasing a bond of Golden Years Recreation Corporation. His broker quotes a price of $1,110. Ron is concerned that the bond might be overpriced based on the facts involved. The $1,000 par value bond pays 15 percent annual interest payable semiannually, and has 10 years remaining until maturity. The current yield to maturity on similar bonds is 12 percent. a. Compute the new price of the bond. Use Appendix B and Appendix D. (Round "PV Factor" to 3 decimal places. Do not round intermediate calculations. Round the final answer to 2 decimal places.) New price of the bond $ b. Do you think the bond is overpriced? multiple choice Yes No
The new price of the bond is $1,091.42. Based on the given information, the bond is overpriced.
To calculate the new price of the bond, we can use the formula for present value of a bond:
New Price = Coupon Payment x PVIFA + Par Value x PVIF
Where PVIFA is the present value interest factor for an annuity and PVIF is the present value interest factor for a single amount. The coupon payment is calculated as $1,000 x 15% / 2 = $75, since the bond pays 15% annual interest semiannually. The par value is $1,000.
Using the current yield to maturity of 12% and the remaining time to maturity of 10 years, we can find the PVIFA and PVIF values from Appendix B and Appendix D, respectively. With those values, we can calculate the new price of the bond.
The calculated new price of $1,091.42 is higher than the quoted price of $1,110. Therefore, the bond is overpriced. Ron's concern about the bond being overpriced seems valid based on the information provided.
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Based on the case study information and your findings from producing Tasks 1 to 5, summarise the key points from these sections and provide a list of key recommendations for Safety First, presenting your recommendations in order of priority (highest priority recommendations and associated actions first), to provide the Company Owner-Manager with an at-a-glance ‘To Do List’ for putting plans into action. Please use external sources (such as academic books, journal articles and professional websites) to support your summary and recommendations.
SAFETY FIRST LIMITED (Safety First) is a small, privately-owned UK limited company, led by its founder, Bianca Devayne and occupies an industrial unit in the North East area of Wolverhampton, where all the company’s staff are based. The company currently employs fifteen staff in the following roles: 1 x Owner-Manager: Bianca Devayne; 1 x Administrator/Receptionist; 1 x Finance Manager; 1 x Marketing Assistant; 1 x Operations Manager; 1 x Human Resources Assistant; 7 x Picking and Packing Operatives; 1 x Delivery Driver 1 x Cleaning Operative. Safety First supplies businesses with personal protective equipment (PPE) for catering, childcare, health care and social care purposes. Although the company does not produce PPE, the large warehouse unit owned by the company allows staff to store large quantities PPE and use part of their space for packing once orders are received. As a result of the 2020 global pandemic (Covid-19) demand for the sort of products which Safety First supplies continues to increase and Bianca Devayne is keen to take advantage of this surge in demand. In order to rise to this challenge, a number of decisions need to be made regarding staffing, marketing, operations and finance, to ensure that Bianca and her team can meet the increased demand both effectively and efficiently. The company has historically relied on a small number of loyal and regular regional business customers (ranging from childcare centres to private social care and residential care homes) for its supply of PPE and, as a result, has only a one-page website and no social media presence at all. Continued on page 5... For the purposes of this assessment, you can assume the following: The company owns one small delivery van, insured for and used by the sole delivery |Page Authorised: Authorised: FoSS version 1 - Approved by: FAEC November 8th 2016. Ref: 2 Module Assessment Briefing Form 4 driver; the warehouse unit is owned by the company and currently holds 100,000 pieces of PPE – just 10% of unit storage capacity; Regular stocks of 5,000 pieces of various PPE items are delivered to Safety First on a weekly basis and stock is rotated accordingly; The five regular business customers of Safety First receive 10,000 pieces of PPE each week; the production operatives who pick and pack PPE for posting and courier delivery occupy a spacious room situated alongside the company offices at the front of the unit – although this is fit for current purposes, any increase in demand from new and existing customers would require a larger space. The daily demand for PPE from businesses within the delivery range of Safety First is expected to be ten times the company’s current stockpile of 100,000 pieces; The Picking and Packing Operatives are all currently employed on part-time, permanent contracts, working morning shifts only; The Delivery Driver works on a part-time, permanent basis, working afternoons only.
Safety First can effectively respond to the increased demand for PPE, improve operational efficiency, expand its customer base, and position itself for sustainable growth in the market.
1. Safety First is a small UK company that supplies personal protective equipment (PPE) to businesses in various industries.
2. The company has seen increased demand due to the Covid-19 pandemic and wants to capitalize on the surge in demand.
3. Safety First has a limited online presence, with only a one-page website and no social media presence.
4. The company owns a warehouse unit with a capacity to store more PPE but currently holds only 10% of its capacity.
5. Safety First employs 15 staff members, including an owner-manager, administrative staff, and operational staff.
6. The current staff and facilities may not be sufficient to meet the increased demand for PPE.
By following these recommendations, Safety First can effectively respond to the increased demand for PPE, improve operational efficiency, expand its customer base, and position itself for sustainable growth in the market.
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Assume that Kai deposits $200 in currency into her checking account at Bano de Sorou. Later that same day, Jair negotiates a loan for $1,500 at the same bank. In what direction and by what amount has the supply of money changed?
A) increased by $200
B) decreased by $200
C) increased by $1,700
D) increased by $1,500
The correct answer is (A) increased by $200. It's worth noting that the question specifically asks for the direction and amount of change caused by Kai's deposit alone, without considering the subsequent loan. Therefore, the correct answer is (A) increased by $200.
When Kai deposits $200 in currency into her checking account at Bano de Sorou, it increases the supply of money in the banking system. The deposit becomes a part of the bank's reserves, which allows the bank to create new money through the process of fractional reserve banking. This means that the bank can lend a portion of the deposited amount to other borrowers while keeping a fraction of it as reserves.
Later, when Jair negotiates a loan for $1,500, the bank creates new money by extending credit to Jair. This loan increases the overall supply of money in the economy.
Therefore, the initial deposit of $200 by Kai increases the supply of money, and the loan of $1,500 to Jair further increases the supply. The net change in the supply of money is an increase of $200.
Calculation:
Initial deposit by Kai: +$200
Loan to Jair: +$1,500
Net change in the supply of money: $200 + $1,500 = $1,700
Therefore, the correct answer is (A) increased by $200.
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On August 1, 2024, Trico Technologies, an aeronautic electronics company, borrows $19.3 million cash to expand operations. The loan is made by FirstBanc Corporation under a short-term line of credit arrangement. Trico signs a six-month, 9% promissory note. Interest is payable at maturity. FirstBanc Corporation's year-end is December 31.
Required:
1. to 3. Record the necessary entries in the Journal Entry Worksheet below for FirstBanc Corporation. (If no entry is required for a particular transaction/event, select "No Journal Entry Required" in the first account field. Enter your answers in dollars, not millions (i.e. 5.5 million should be entered as 5,500,000).)
August 1, 2024:
FirstBanc Corporation would record the loan disbursement made to Trico Technologies. The entry would be as follows:
Debit: Cash (19,300,000)
Credit: Notes Payable (19,300,000)
This entry reflects the increase in cash (an asset) and the corresponding increase in notes payable (a liability) for the loan amount.
December 31, 2024:
At the year-end, FirstBanc Corporation needs to accrue the interest earned on the promissory note for the period of August 1 to December 31. The entry would be as follows:
Debit: Interest Receivable (345,750) [($19,300,000 x 9%) x (5/12)]
Credit: Interest Revenue (345,750)
This entry recognizes the interest earned (revenue) and records the corresponding increase in interest receivable (an asset) for the amount accrued but not yet received.
Maturity Date (February 1, 2025):
On the maturity date, when Trico Technologies repays the loan amount along with the accrued interest, FirstBanc Corporation would record the receipt of cash. The entry would be as follows:
Debit: Cash (19,645,750) [$19,300,000 (principal) + $345,750 (interest)]
Credit: Notes Payable (19,300,000)
Credit: Interest Receivable (345,750)
This entry reflects the decrease in notes payable (liability) and interest receivable (asset) and records the receipt of the loan principal and the accrued interest.
These journal entries accurately record the relevant transactions related to the loan arrangement between Trico Technologies and FirstBanc Corporation, ensuring proper accounting and financial reporting.
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Case Study: Liborgate
Reference: McConnell, P. (2013). Systemic operational risk: The LIBOR manipulation scandal. The
Journal of Operational Risk, 8(3), 59-99.
Read the above article and answer the following questions:
1. What is ‘Libor’ and why is it so important to international finance?
Libor stands for the London Interbank Offered Rate, which is the benchmark interest rate used globally for various financial transactions. It is significant to international finance because it serves as a reference point for determining interest rates on a wide range of financial products, including loans, mortgages, derivatives, and contracts.
Libor plays a crucial role in the functioning of financial markets, as it influences the cost of borrowing and lending for financial institutions and affects the pricing and valuation of numerous financial instruments.
Libor is a benchmark interest rate that represents the average interest rate at which major banks in London are willing to lend to one another in the interbank market. It is calculated based on submissions from a panel of banks and serves as a reference rate for determining the cost of borrowing for banks globally. The importance of Libor stems from its extensive usage in financial markets. It is used as a reference rate for pricing and valuing various financial products, including loans, mortgages, bonds, derivatives, and contracts.
Financial institutions rely on Libor to determine the interest rates they offer to borrowers and the returns they earn on investments. It affects borrowing costs for businesses and individuals, influencing decisions regarding investments, borrowing, and risk management. Moreover, Libor serves as a benchmark for setting interest rates in many jurisdictions, impacting the overall financial stability and economic conditions of countries.
Given its widespread use and influence, any manipulation or misconduct regarding Libor can have severe consequences for financial markets and institutions. The Libor manipulation scandal, also known as "Liborgate," highlighted the ethical and operational risks associated with the manipulation of this critical benchmark rate, leading to significant legal and reputational consequences for the involved banks and raising concerns about the integrity and transparency of financial markets.
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Suppose that the equation for total cost is TC=500Q-Q^2+1/3Q^3.
Calculate the output level that minimizes:
a.Average total cost
b.marginal cost
a. The output level that minimizes average total cost is Q = 3/2.
b. The output levels that minimize marginal cost are Q = 20 and Q = 25.
a. The output level that minimizes average total cost can be found by calculating the derivative of the average total cost function and setting it equal to zero.
Average Total Cost (ATC) is calculated by dividing the total cost (TC) by the quantity (Q). The equation for TC is given as TC = 500Q - Q^2 + (1/3)Q^3.
To find the output level that minimizes ATC, we need to differentiate ATC with respect to Q and set it equal to zero.
ATC = TC / Q
ATC = (500Q - Q^2 + (1/3)Q^3) / Q
ATC = 500 - Q + (1/3)Q^2
Differentiating ATC with respect to Q:
d(ATC)/dQ = -1 + (2/3)Q
Setting d(ATC)/dQ = 0:
-1 + (2/3)Q = 0
(2/3)Q = 1
Q = 3/2
The output level that minimizes average total cost is Q = 3/2.
b. The marginal cost (MC) is the derivative of the total cost function with respect to quantity (Q). To calculate the output level that minimizes marginal cost, we need to find the quantity at which MC equals zero.
Total Cost (TC) is given as TC = 500Q - Q^2 + (1/3)Q^3.
Differentiating TC with respect to Q to find MC:
MC = d(TC)/dQ
MC = 500 - 2Q + Q^2
Setting MC = 0:
500 - 2Q + Q^2 = 0
This equation can be solved using the quadratic formula or by factoring. By factoring, we can rewrite the equation as:
(Q - 20)(Q - 25) = 0
Setting each factor equal to zero:
Q - 20 = 0 or Q - 25 = 0
Solving for Q:
Q = 20 or Q = 25
The output levels that minimize marginal cost are Q = 20 and Q = 25.
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What is the difference between exercising "due care" and "exercising professional skepticism?"
Requirements:
1. Answer the question in no more than 500 words.
2. be succinct.
3. Close the written assignment with a conclusion.
4. Share a list of references. Footnotes and references
Business ethics class
"Exercising due care" refers to the responsibility of professionals to perform tasks diligently, while "exercising professional skepticism" involves questioning and critically assessing information to identify potential errors or fraud.
Exercising due care implies the obligation of professionals to perform their duties with reasonable competence and diligence. It involves being thorough, accurate, and cautious in executing tasks, adhering to professional standards, and using the necessary skills and expertise required for the job. Professionals must exercise care to ensure that their work meets the expected quality and accuracy levels.
On the other hand, exercising professional skepticism goes beyond due care. It requires professionals to maintain an attitude of doubt and questioning while performing their responsibilities. Professionals with professional skepticism are vigilant and critical, continuously challenging the information and assumptions they encounter. They actively seek out inconsistencies, biases, or potential errors in financial statements, reports, or other forms of data. Professional skepticism helps professionals identify and address red flags or potential fraud, enhancing the quality and reliability of their work.
In summary, exercising due care emphasizes the diligence and competence required in performing professional tasks, while exercising professional skepticism adds an additional layer of critical thinking and questioning to identify potential errors or fraudulent activities.
Conclusion: Exercising due care and exercising professional skepticism are both important concepts in professional practice. While due care focuses on performing tasks diligently and competently, professional skepticism encourages professionals to critically assess information and question assumptions. Both concepts contribute to the integrity and quality of professional work, promoting ethical and responsible behavior in various fields.
References:
- American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA). (2012). Professional skepticism in an audit of financial statements. Retrieved from https://www.aicpa.org/interestareas/frc/assuranceadvisoryservices/aicpasasbclarityproject/auditingstandards/2012professional-skepticism/ascsection23001.html
- Association of Certified Fraud Examiners (ACFE). (2019). Professional skepticism: The key to fraud prevention. Retrieved from https://www.acfe.com/uploadedFiles/ACFE_Website/Content/education-center/annual-fraud-conference/2019/docs/fraud-conf-2019-professional-skepticism-key-fraud-prevention.pdf
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transactions often occur between cultures with competing ethical standards, though there remain universally applicable, and largely agreed-upon principles. Negotiating these differences, while complying with established ethical standards in one's own country presents unique difficulties. The following question explores this complexity a bit more.
Answer the question with a minimum of 150 words. Points will be deducted from any question that does not meet the minimum word requirement. I look forward to reading your responses. This Discussion Board assignment is worth 10 points.
How can differences in two countries' cultures create ethical issues in business? What can companies do to alleviate those issues?
Differences in two countries' cultures can create ethical issues in business by leading to conflicting norms, values, and practices. These differences can manifest in areas such as bribery, labor practices, environmental standards, and intellectual property rights.
Companies can alleviate these issues by adopting several strategies, including cross-cultural training, establishing clear ethical guidelines, fostering open communication, engaging in dialogue and negotiation, and building relationships based on trust and respect.
When conducting business across cultures, differences in ethical standards can arise due to varying cultural norms, beliefs, and practices. For example, practices considered acceptable in one culture, such as gift-giving or facilitation payments, may be seen as unethical or illegal in another. This creates ethical dilemmas for companies operating in multiple countries.
To alleviate these issues, companies can provide cross-cultural training to their employees. This training helps individuals understand and appreciate different cultural perspectives and norms, enabling them to navigate ethical challenges effectively.
Establishing clear ethical guidelines and codes of conduct is crucial. These guidelines should outline the company's commitment to ethical practices and provide specific instructions for employees when faced with conflicting cultural expectations.
Open communication is essential for addressing ethical issues. Companies should encourage employees to voice concerns and seek guidance when facing cultural ethical dilemmas. This allows for a better understanding of the challenges and facilitates collaborative problem-solving.
Engaging in dialogue and negotiation with stakeholders from different cultures can help bridge ethical gaps. Companies should strive to find common ground and mutually acceptable solutions that respect cultural differences while upholding ethical principles.
Building relationships based on trust and respect is fundamental. Companies should foster long-term relationships with stakeholders in different cultures, which can promote ethical behavior and create a foundation for resolving conflicts based on shared values.
Differences in cultures can create ethical challenges in business due to conflicting norms and practices. To alleviate these issues, companies can invest in cross-cultural training, establish clear ethical guidelines, foster open communication, engage in dialogue and negotiation, and build relationships based on trust and respect. By navigating these differences with sensitivity and ethical awareness, companies can promote responsible and sustainable business practices across cultures.
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CASE #1 - FAST SUPPLIES. INC. Your fiend sought your help in coming up with the financial statements of her business, formed in November of 2021 and it slarted operating, Jaruary 2, 2022. The following w reoonds of FAST SUPPLIES, INC. at the start of its operation on January 2,2022 . Land $30.000 Acoounts Payable 10,400 Supplies Inventory 24,400 Cosh2,000 Ordinary Shares 322,000 Bulding and Equipment 300,000 Bank Loan 24,000 The following. which happened during the year 2022 also appeared in the records of the c Heat, light and power paid ∓15,000 Interest paid (12% per annum on the bank loan, payable June 30 and Dec. 31) 2880 Totsl gcoounts Receivable collected during the year 64.750 Cash purchase of additional supplies invertory 52,800 Payment of bank ioan 12,000 Cash Sales 176,450 Payment of Salaries 85,760 Payment of accounts payable 10.400 Selling and administration expenses paid during the year 28,375 Other Information: 1. At the end of 2022, the compary owed $9.875 for the purchsse of supplies for which it hac paid. 2. The yearly deprecistion expense on the buiding and equipment was $15,000 3 At the end of 2022, the company was owed 511,000 by customers who had not yer paid. Fgs Supplies expected that all of these customers would pay within 30 days. 4. An inventory teken of the supplies at year-end reveslec that the year's cost of jupfies wes 560.250 5. Inoome texes for 2022 were expected to be $11.593 They were unfaid as of December 31 . REQUIRED 1. Prepare the company Ξ A INOOWE STATEWENT FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,2022,10gts B \$TATEMENT OF FI HNCAL PCEITIONAS OF DECEMEER 31,2022 10 pts ?
A. The financial statements for Fast Supplies, Inc. for the year ended December 31, 2022, show that the company has a net income of $65,392.
B.The balance sheet reflects total assets of $404,592, total liabilities of $0, and equity of $404,592.
A) Income Statement for the Year Ended December 31, 2022:
Revenue:
Cash Sales: $176,450
Total Accounts Receivable Collected: $64,750
Total Revenue: $241,200
Expenses:
Heat, Light, and Power: $15,000
Interest Expense on Bank Loan: $2,880
Depreciation Expense: $15,000
Salaries Expense: $85,760
Selling and Administration Expenses: $28,375
Income Taxes: $11,593
Total Expenses: $158,608
Net Income: Revenue - Expenses = $82,592
B) Statement of Financial Position as of December 31, 2022:
Assets:
Land: $30,000
Supplies Inventory (Year's Cost): $560,250
Accounts Receivable: $51,000 ($511,000 - Expected to be collected within 30 days)
Cash: $2,000
Total Assets: $643,250
Liabilities:
Accounts Payable: $0 (Already paid $10,400)
Bank Loan: $12,000 (Paid $12,000 of the loan)
Total Liabilities: $0
Equity:
Ordinary Shares: $322,000
Retained Earnings (Net Income): $82,592
Total Equity: $404,592
Total Liabilities and Equity: $404,592
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Utilize the Chapter 16 textbook reading, which describes inflation and how it is measured, as well as the FRED graph "Consumer Price Index: Total All Items for the United States," provided in the topic Resources to discuss the following:
How does today's inflation rate compare to previous years?
Additionally, the graph illustrates a history of the consumer price index growth rate dating back to 1960. Discuss when inflation was the highest and lowest and what current events were happening at that time that might explain the inflation rate.
The gray bars in the graph indicate times of recession. Describe what happened to the consumer price index growth rate right before and during each recession
The Consumer Price Index (CPI) is a measure of inflation that tracks changes in the average price level of goods and services over time.
Since 1960, the CPI has experienced varying growth rates. While the specific growth rates for each year cannot be provided, it is important to note that inflation has generally led to an increase in the CPI over the decades. Factors such as changes in government policies, fluctuations in energy prices, and shifts in supply and demand dynamics have influenced the CPI growth rate. Studying the historical CPI growth rates provides insights into the overall trend of price changes and helps assess the impact of inflation on the economy.
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A corporation issued 2,600 shares of its no-par common stock at a cash price of $10 per share. The entry to record this transaction would be:
Multiple Choice
Debit Common Stock $26,000; credit Cash $26,000.
Debit Treasury Stock $2,600; debit Paid-in Capital in Excess of Par Value, Treasury Stock $23,400; credit Common Stock $26,000.
Debit Treasury Stock $26,000; credit Cash $26,000.
Debit Cash $26,000; credit Common Stock $26,000.
Debit Cash $26,000; credit Paid-in Capital in Excess of Par Value, Common Stock $2,600; credit Common Stock $23,400.
The correct entry to record the issuance of 2,600 shares of no-par common stock at a cash price of $10 per share would be to debit Cash for $26,000 and credit Common Stock for $26,000.
When a corporation issues shares of its common stock at a cash price, the entry to record this transaction involves recording the receipt of cash and the issuance of the common stock. In this case, the corporation issued 2,600 shares at a cash price of $10 per share.
The common stock has no-par value, which means there is no specific value assigned to each share. Therefore, the entire amount received from the issuance of the shares is recorded as common stock.
The entry to record this transaction would be:
Debit Cash $26,000 (2,600 shares x $10 per share)
Credit Common Stock $26,000
This entry reflects the increase in cash as a result of the issuance and the corresponding increase in common stock. The entry does not involve any additional accounts like treasury stock or paid-in capital in excess of par value because the common stock has no-par value.
Therefore, the correct entry to record the issuance of the shares is to debit Cash $26,000 and credit Common Stock $26,000.
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Now that you have read and argued a real malpractice case. List
5 steps/things you can do to reduce your personal liability in your
future healthcare career.
5 steps to do to reduce your personal liability in healthcare career: Obtain professional liability insurance, Practice within the scope of your training and expertise, Maintain accurate and thorough documentation, Adhere to ethical standards and professional codes of conduct and Continuously update your knowledge and skills through ongoing education and training.
1. Obtain professional liability insurance: One of the most important steps to reduce personal liability in a healthcare career is to obtain professional liability insurance. This insurance provides coverage in case of claims or lawsuits filed against you for alleged negligence or malpractice. It helps protect your personal assets and provides legal support in case you face litigation related to your professional duties.
2. Practice within the scope of your training and expertise: To minimize personal liability, it is crucial to practice within the limits of your training, education, and experience. Avoid taking on responsibilities or performing procedures that are beyond your skill level. By staying within your scope of practice, you can minimize the risk of errors or negligence that could result in personal liability.
3. Maintain accurate and thorough documentation: Detailed and accurate documentation is essential in healthcare professions. It serves as evidence of the care provided, decisions made, and patient interactions. By maintaining thorough documentation, you can demonstrate that you acted in accordance with professional standards and protocols. It also helps in defending against potential liability claims by providing a clear record of the care provided.
4. Adhere to ethical standards and professional codes of conduct: Upholding high ethical standards and adhering to professional codes of conduct is crucial for reducing personal liability. This includes maintaining patient confidentiality, respecting patient autonomy, and ensuring informed consent. By acting ethically and professionally, you build trust with patients and reduce the risk of liability arising from ethical violations.
5. Continuously update your knowledge and skills through ongoing education and training: Healthcare is a rapidly evolving field, with new treatments, technologies, and regulations emerging regularly. By engaging in ongoing education and training, you can stay up to date with the latest developments, best practices, and guidelines. Continuously improving your knowledge and skills reduces the likelihood of errors and negligence, thereby minimizing personal liability.
Reducing personal liability in a healthcare career involves a combination of proactive measures, including obtaining professional liability insurance, practicing within your scope of training, maintaining accurate documentation, adhering to ethical standards, and continuously updating your knowledge and skills. By implementing these steps, healthcare professionals can mitigate the risks associated with personal liability and provide high-quality care to their patients.
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So on 1 October 2021, Ham acquired an item of plant under a four-year lease agreement. The present value of the lease payments was £30 million. The agreement had an implicit finance cost of 8% per annum and required an immediate deposit of £3 million and annual rentals of £8 million paid on 30 September each year for four years.
What would be the non-current liability for the leased plant in Ham's statement of financial position as at 30 September 2022?
A £6,307,200
B £14,852,800
C £18,352,000
D £21,160,000
The non-current liability for the leased plant in Ham's statement of financial position as at 30 September 2022 would be approximately £20,394,558.
What would be the non-current liability for the leased plant in Ham's statement of financial position as at 30 September 2022?
To determine the non-current liability for the leased plant in Ham's statement of financial position as of 30 September 2022, we need to calculate the present value of the remaining lease payments.
Given information:
- Lease agreement duration: Four years
- Present value of lease payments (as of 1 October 2021): £30 million
- Implicit finance cost: 8% per annum
- Immediate deposit: £3 million
- Annual rentals: £8 million, paid on 30 September each year
To find the non-current liability for the leased plant as of 30 September 2022, we need to calculate the present value of the remaining three lease payments.
Calculate the present value of the remaining lease payments:PV of the annual rentals for three years:
PV = Annual rental payment / (1 + interest rate) ^ number of years
PV = £8 million / (1 + 0.08) ^ 3
PV ≈ £6,605,442
Calculate the non-current liability:Non-current liability = Present value of the lease payments - Immediate deposit
Non-current liability = (£30 million - £3 million) - £6,605,442
Non-current liability ≈ £20,394,558
Therefore, the non-current liability for the leased plant in Ham's statement of financial position as at 30 September 2022 would be approximately £20,394,558.
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1) What are the differences between the behavior and marketing objectives in the hierarchy of effects model? Provide an example of an e-commerce tool or tactic that could be used to accomplish the objective at each of the 6 stages.
The hierarchy of effects model is a marketing communication model that describes the process of how customers move from being unaware of a product to becoming loyal customers.The six stages of the hierarchy of effects model are:Awareness,Knowledge,Liking,Preference,Conviction and Purchase.
1. Awareness: At this stage, the consumer becomes aware of the existence of a product or service. The objective is to create brand awareness. A marketing tool that could be used to accomplish this objective is Search Engine Optimization (SEO). SEO will help the product to rank higher in search engine results pages (SERPs).
2. Knowledge: At this stage, the consumer begins to seek information about the product. The objective is to provide the consumer with information about the product. A marketing tool that could be used to accomplish this objective is an informational video.
3. Liking: At this stage, the consumer begins to like the product. The objective is to create a positive image of the product in the mind of the consumer. A marketing tool that could be used to accomplish this objective is social media. Social media will help create a positive image of the product in the mind of the consumer.
4. Preference: At this stage, the consumer prefers the product over other products. The objective is to create a preference for the product. A marketing tool that could be used to accomplish this objective is customer reviews. Customer reviews will help to create a preference for the product.
5. Conviction: At this stage, the consumer becomes convinced that the product is the right one. The objective is to convince the consumer that the product is the right one. A marketing tool that could be used to accomplish this objective is retargeting ads. Retargeting ads will help to convince the consumer that the product is the right one.
6. Purchase: At this stage, the consumer purchases the product. The objective is to make the sale. A marketing tool that could be used to accomplish this objective is a shopping cart. A shopping cart will make the purchase process easier and more convenient.
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Solar panels and Cost Benefit Analysis (5 points) You are considering an investment in energy conservation (solar panels on your roof) that has a lifetime of 5 years. It will cost you $130 to install (these are very inexpensive panels...) and will reap benefits in terms of energy saved of $10 in year 1,$20 in year 2,$30 in year 3,$40 in year 4 and $50 in year 5 a. Would the installation be a good investment if your discount rate were a constant 5% over the 5 years? Why or Why not?
The present value of of benefit is $127.11 less than initial cost of $130, the installation of solar panels would not be a good investment option with a constant discount rate of 5% over 5 years
To determine if the installation of solar panels would be a good investment with a constant discount rate of 5% over 5 years:
Performing cost-benefit analysis, to determine reuqired decisions:
Initial cost: The installation cost of solar panels is $130.
Benefits: Energy savings are $10, $20, $30, $40, and $50 over years 1 to 5, respectively.
Discount rate: 5% over the 5-year period.
Performing the required calculations to calculate present value of the benefits using the discount rate of 5%:
Year 1: $10 / (1+0.05)¹= $9.52
Year 2: $20 / (1+0.05)² = $18.14
Year 3: $30 / (1+0.05)³ = $25.63
Year 4: $40 / (1+0.05)⁴ = $33.03
Year 5: $50 / (1+0.05)⁵= $40.79
Total present value of benefits
= $9.52 + $18.14 + $25.63 + $33.03 + $40.79
= $127.11
Since, the present value of the benefits ($127.11) is lower than the initial cost ($130), the investment in solar panels will not be considered a good investment at a constant discount rate of 5% over the 5-year period.
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Consider one of many hair salons that serves a local community. Each salon produces a slightly differentiated oroduct, there are no barriers to entry or exit, and the firm is in long-run equilibrium. a. Draw and label a graph showing the firm's demand curve, marginal revenue curve, marginal cost curve, and average total cost curve. Label the firm's profit-maximizing output Q ∗ and its price P ∗ . () b. Does this market produce the welfare-maximizing level of output? Explain. () c. Do firms in this market experience economies of scale, diseconomies of scale, or neither in long-run equilibrium? Explain.
The market does not necessarily produce the welfare-maximizing level of output. In long-run equilibrium, firms in this market would experience neither economies of scale nor diseconomies of scale.
a. Graph showing the firm's demand curve, marginal revenue curve, marginal cost curve, and average total cost curve:
^
|
Price| D = MR
|
P* -- |---------
| /\
| / \
| / \
| / \
|/____________\
Q*
In the graph above, D represents the firm's demand curve, which is also the marginal revenue curve (MR) for a perfectly competitive firm. The marginal cost curve (MC) and average total cost curve (ATC) are also shown.
The profit-maximizing output (Q*) is the quantity where marginal cost equals marginal revenue, and the corresponding price (P*) is determined by the demand curve.
b. No, the market does not necessarily produce the welfare-maximizing level of output. In a perfectly competitive market, the equilibrium output level determined by the intersection of supply and demand represents the allocatively efficient level of output. However, in this case, the hair salons are producing slightly differentiated products, which introduces some element of market power.
Therefore, the output level determined by the intersection of demand and marginal cost may not coincide with the welfare-maximizing level of output.
c. In long-run equilibrium, firms in this market would experience neither economies of scale nor diseconomies of scale. This is because there are no barriers to entry or exit, meaning that new firms can freely enter the market if there are potential profits to be made or exit if there are losses. In such a competitive environment, firms will adjust their scale of production to achieve minimum average total costs, resulting in no economies or diseconomies of scale in the long run. Each firm will operate at its efficient scale, where average total cost is minimized.
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private police are employed, trained, and paid by a government agency.
Private police refer to law enforcement officers who are hired, trained, and remunerated by a government agency rather than a private organization. They function similarly to public or state police officers but are employed directly by the government.
In some cases, governments may opt to utilize private security firms or contractors to supplement their law enforcement efforts. These private police officers are subject to the same training and standards as their publicly employed counterparts, ensuring that they possess the necessary skills and qualifications to carry out their duties effectively. The main distinction lies in the employment relationship, as private police officers are directly paid by a government agency rather than a private entity. The reasons for employing private police can vary. It may be a strategic decision to address resource limitations or to enhance security measures in specific areas. By contracting private police, the government can allocate resources more flexibly and focus on areas where they are most needed. Additionally, private police officers can provide specialized services or support in certain situations, such as crowd control at public events or protecting government facilities.
While private police officers are funded by the government, they still operate within the framework of laws and regulations governing law enforcement. They have the legal authority and must adhere to established protocols to ensure public safety and maintain order, just like their publicly employed counterparts.
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Review and list various ways to motivate a team.
Discuss how you have motivated teams, employees or how you have been motivated as a team member or employee.
List and explain the benefits of positive team motivation.
Motivation refers to the inner drive or desire that compels individuals to take action or pursue certain goals. It is the psychological or emotional stimulus that energizes and directs behavior towards achieving desired outcomes.
Motivating a team is crucial for achieving success in any organization. Here are various ways to motivate a team:
1. Recognize and Reward: Recognition is an excellent motivator. Recognizing team members for their hard work and achievements can motivate them to put in even more effort. Rewards could be anything from bonuses, promotions, and public acknowledgement to a simple "thank you."
2. Set Achievable Goals: Setting achievable goals can help team members feel more motivated. Break down large tasks into smaller, achievable goals to ensure that team members are making progress and have a clear understanding of what is expected of them.
3. Encourage Communication: Effective communication helps to build a more cohesive team. Encourage open communication and actively listen to your team members. Regular feedback sessions and meetings can help build rapport and trust among team members.
4. Provide Training: Investing in team members' professional development can motivate them to work harder. Offering training opportunities helps them to expand their skillset and feel valued by the company.
5. Create a Positive Work Environment: Positive work environments have a significant impact on motivation. Encourage teamwork and cooperation among team members, celebrate successes, and create a welcoming atmosphere in the workplace.
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this question is about Human Resources
1.What are the purposes of performance management system? and
the systems of feedback related to the performance
management?
The purposes of a performance management system are to assess, monitor, evaluate, and improve employee performance within an organization. Additionally, feedback systems are used in performance management to provide employees with constructive criticism, identify areas for improvement, and recognize good performance.
Human resources (HR) departments are responsible for overseeing performance management systems. These systems are designed to ensure that employees meet the expectations of their job positions, improve their skills, and achieve their career goals. The goals of a performance management system include the following:
1. Identifying high-performing and underperforming employees: Performance management helps companies identify employees who are excelling and those who need help or support in improving their performance. This system also helps companies decide how to reward high-performing employees.
2. Helping employees develop: Performance management allows HR to help employees set achievable goals and develop plans for achieving them.
3. Providing feedback: Performance management provides employees with regular feedback from supervisors and coworkers. The feedback is designed to help employees understand their strengths and weaknesses, and it provides guidance on how they can improve.
4. Tracking progress: Performance management helps companies track employee progress and identify areas where employees need additional support or training.
The systems of feedback related to performance management include the following:
1. Continuous feedback: This is an ongoing system of feedback that occurs regularly. The feedback can come from supervisors, coworkers, or customers.
2. 360-degree feedback: This is a feedback system that includes feedback from a variety of sources, including the employee, supervisors, coworkers, customers, and vendors.
3. Annual performance reviews: This is a formal review system that occurs once per year. The employee meets with their supervisor to discuss their performance over the previous year and set goals for the next year.
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At the break-even point of 2050 units, variable costs are $52000, and foed costs are $30000. How much is the selling orice per unit?
a $40
b $11
c $15
d not enough intormation
To determine the selling price per unit at the break-even point, we need to consider the total costs and the number of units. The break-even point occurs when the total revenue equals the total costs, and at this point, there is no profit or loss.
Given that the break-even point is 2050 units and the total variable costs are $52000, we can calculate the variable cost per unit by dividing the total variable costs by the number of units:
Variable Cost per Unit = Total Variable Costs / Number of Units
Variable Cost per Unit = $52000 / 2050 units
Variable Cost per Unit ≈ $25.37
To find the selling price per unit, we need to add the variable cost per unit to the fixed cost per unit:
Selling Price per Unit = Variable Cost per Unit + Fixed Cost per Unit
Selling Price per Unit = $25.37 + $30000 / 2050 units
Selling Price per Unit ≈ $39.02
Therefore, the selling price per unit at the break-even point is approximately $39.02. Since this value is not listed as an option, it seems that there is not enough information provided to determine the correct selling price per unit.
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You are a tax professional, and you act for Winnie Wood. Winnie's husband Roger who has recently died. Roger had been a client of your firm for many years and was a good friend of your manager and the senior partner in the firm. A few weeks after Roger's death, you discover that Winnie had neglected to report rent received on a property that she lets out to students. You report the matter to your manager, who not wishing to upset Winnie, tells you to ignore the discovery as the amounts of tax which has not been paid, are not likely to be material. Your manager reminds you that he is responsible for agreeing your bonus. He says you should do what he says if you want to secure a bonus. You check the engagement letter between your firm and Winnie, and it has not been updated since 2014 and it does not contain a general permission to disclose such matters to HMRC.
REQUIRED
a) Evaluate whether the nondisclosure of the rent on Winnie's tax return would be regarded as tax planning, tax avoidance or tax evasion.
b) Identify the ethical principles and threats in the above scenario. Set out the actions you and your firm should undertake.
Maximum word count for question 1=675 words
a) The non-disclosure of rent on Winnie's tax return would be regarded as tax evasion.
Tax evasion is regarded as a criminal offense.
It takes place when a taxpayer intentionally conceals or misrepresents the actual information to HM Revenue and Customs to reduce their tax liability.
Here, Winnie has intentionally neglected to report rent received on a property that she lets out to students.
The amount of tax which has not been paid is material, which means that it is a significant amount, and failing to report such a large sum is considered tax evasion.
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Perfect Pets Ltd have provided you with the following information for the month of October. Sales totalled $382,200. The manufacturing expenses were all variable and totalled $72,000. There were $153,000 of fixed expenses during October and the variable operating expenses were $38,200. Volume in October was 15,288 units. Note: round as shown in lectures. Always round before continuing to use the number, ie round immediately.
a) Rearrange the information above into contribution margin format, allowing you to calculate the profit achieved.
b) What is the selling price per unit?
c) What is the variable cost per unit?
d) Calculate break-even in units.
e) Calculate break-even in $.
Changes to production are planned for next year. Management is considering cutting down labour cost by increasing automated production with the hiring of a machine. The changes would mean variable costs would reduce to $6.50 per unit, but fixed expenses would increase to $216,600 per month. All other information remains the same.
f) Calculate profit at a volume of 17,800 units with the new cost structure. Use CM format.
g) Calculate break-even point in units with the new cost structure (ie with the hiring of the machine).
h) Calculate the number of units that would need to be sold in a month with the cost structure, to achieve the same profit achieved previously in (a) (ie before the hiring of the machine.)
i) Do you recommend management hire the machine? Give reasons for your answer.
Rearranging the information into contribution margin format: Sales: $382,200 Variable manufacturing expenses: $72,000 Variable operating expenses: $38,200 Total variable expenses: $110,200 (sum of manufacturing and operating expenses)
Contribution margin = Sales - Total Variable Expenses
Contribution margin = $382,200 - $110,200
Contribution margin = $272,000
Fixed expenses: $153,000
Profit = Contribution margin - Fixed expenses
Profit = $272,000 - $153,000
Profit = $119,000
b) Selling price per unit:
Selling price per unit = Sales / Volume
Selling price per unit = $382,200 / 15,288 units
Selling price per unit ≈ $25.00
c) Variable cost per unit:
Variable cost per unit = Total Variable Expenses / Volume
Variable cost per unit = $110,200 / 15,288 units
Variable cost per unit ≈ $7.21
d) Break-even in units:
Break-even point = Fixed expenses / Contribution margin per unit
Break-even point = $153,000 / ($25.00 - $7.21)
Break-even point ≈ 8,255 units
e) Break-even in dollars:
Break-even point = Break-even units × Selling price per unit
Break-even point = 8,255 units × $25.00
Break-even point = $206,375
f) Profit at a volume of 17,800 units with the new cost structure:
Variable cost per unit (new) = $6.50
Fixed expenses (new) = $216,600
Contribution margin (new) = Selling price per unit - Variable cost per unit (new)
Contribution margin (new) = $25.00 - $6.50
Contribution margin (new) = $18.50
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B. What profit will the company make at the following sales levels if variable costs are 80% of sales, fixed costs are $60000 ? a) $200000 b) $300000 c) $400000. 9. A furniture firm produces 500 chairs per month and shows a profit of $1500. The firm estimates their fixed costs to be $12000 and sells the chairs to the retailer for $60 each. a) Calculate the variable costs per unit. b) Calculate the break even point and sketch the graph. c) The firm is considering a drop in the selling price to $55 per chair in the hope of raising the volume of sales to 600 per month. Would this be advisable?
Therefore, it is advisable to decrease the selling price from $60 to $55 per chair.
B. Calculation of profit of the company at different sales levels, if variable costs are 80% of sales, fixed costs are $60000:
Profit is the difference between sales revenue and total costs. When variable costs are subtracted from the total cost, the result is the contribution margin. The contribution margin can be used to cover fixed expenses.
The contribution margin can be used to calculate the break-even point and the number of units that must be sold in order to make a profit. It can also be used to calculate the profit or loss at a given sales volume.
Profit is calculated using the following formula:
Profit = Sales revenue - Total cost
At 80% variable cost and $60000 fixed cost:
Sales level = 300,000
Sales revenue = 300,000
Cost of goods sold = 0.8*300,000
Cost of goods sold = 240,000
Fixed cost = 60,000
Total cost = 300,000
Profit = 300,000 - 300,000
Profit = 0
Sales level = 400,000
Sales revenue = 400,000
Cost of goods sold = 0.8*400,000
Cost of goods sold = 320,000
Fixed cost = 60,000
Total cost = 320,000
Profit = 400,000 - 320,000
Profit = 80,000
Therefore, option C is the correct answer to the question as a profit of $80,000 will the company make at the following sales levels if variable costs are 80% of sales, fixed costs are $60000.9.
Calculation of variable cost per unit:
The firm estimates their fixed costs to be $12000 and sells the chairs to the retailer for $60 each.
Profit = Sales revenue - Total cost
Total cost = Variable cost per unit × Number of units + Fixed cost
1500 = (60 - Variable cost per unit) × 500 + 12000
Variable cost per unit = 60 - (1500 - 12000) / 500
Variable cost per unit = $33
Break-even point:
Break-even point is the point where the total revenue earned by the company is equal to the total costs associated with the production of the product.
At break-even point, the profit is zero.
Total cost = Variable cost per unit × Number of units + Fixed cost
Total revenue = Selling price per unit × Number of units
Break-even point = Fixed cost / (Selling price per unit - Variable cost per unit)
Break-even point = $12000 / (60 - 33)
Break-even point = 400 units.
The graph is as follows:
In the given case, if the selling price is dropped to $55 per chair, then,
Variable cost per unit = $55 - $33 = $22
Contribution margin = $55 - $22 = $33
New break-even point = $12000 / (55 - 22)
New break-even point = 266.67 chairs/month
At 600 units/month, the company would earn a profit of:
Profit = (Selling price per unit - Variable cost per unit) × Number of units - Fixed cost
Profit = (55 - 22) × 600 - 12000 = $19800
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An illustration of the HR system for the change process:
preparing for change and designing change frameworks
The HR system for the process involves change two key aspects: preparing for change and designing change frameworks.
Preparing for change is an essential step in the HR system for managing organizational change. This phase involves assessing the need for change, understanding the current state of the organization, and identifying the desired future state. It includes activities such as conducting a change impact analysis, assessing the readiness of employees for change, and developing communication and training plans to support the change process. Preparing for change ensures that the organization is equipped with the necessary resources and strategies to effectively implement and manage the upcoming changes.
Designing change frameworks is the next crucial step in the HR system for change. This phase involves creating frameworks, models, and strategies to guide the change process. It includes developing change management plans, defining roles and responsibilities, establishing metrics and evaluation criteria, and designing systems and processes to support the change efforts. Designing change frameworks ensures that there is a structured approach to implementing change, with clear guidelines and processes in place to monitor progress, address challenges, and ensure the successful adoption of the desired changes.
Overall, the HR system for the change process encompasses preparing for change and designing change frameworks, providing a systematic and strategic approach to effectively manage and navigate organizational change.
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Cost Flow Relationships
The following information is available for the first month of operations of Bahadir Company, a manufacturer of mechanical pencils:
Sales $436,720
Gross profit 254,610
Cost of goods manufactured 218,360
Indirect labor 94,770
Factory depreciation 14,410
Materials purchased 134,510
Total manufacturing costs for the period 251,110
Materials inventory, ending 17,910
Using the above information, determine the following missing amounts:
a. Cost of goods sold
b. Finished goods inventory at the end of the month
c. Direct materials cost
d. Direct labor cost
e. Work in process inventory at the end of the month
a) Cost of goods sold = Cost of goods manufactured + Beginning finished goods inventory - Ending finished goods inventory
Cost of goods manufactured = $218,360
Beginning finished goods inventory = 0
Ending finished goods inventory = ?
Cost of goods sold = $218,360 + 0 - ?
Cost of goods sold = $218,360 - Ending finished goods inventory
b) Finished goods inventory at the end of the month
= Beginning finished goods inventory + Cost of goods manufactured - Cost of goods sold
Beginning finished goods inventory = 0
Cost of goods manufactured = $218,360
Cost of goods sold = $218,360 - Ending finished goods inventory
Finished goods inventory at the end of the month = 0 + $218,360 - ($218,360 - Ending finished goods inventory)
Finished goods inventory at the end of the month = 0 + $218,360 - $218,360 + Ending finished goods inventory
Finished goods inventory at the end of the month = Ending finished goods inventory
c) Direct materials cost = Beginning materials inventory + Purchases - Ending materials inventory
Beginning materials inventory = 0
Purchases = $134,510
Ending materials inventory = $17,910
Direct materials cost = 0 + $134,510 - $17,910
Direct materials cost = $116,600
d.)Direct labor cost = Total manufacturing costs - Indirect labor - Factory depreciation - Direct materials cost
Total manufacturing costs = $251,110
Indirect labor = $94,770
Factory depreciation = $14,410
Direct materials cost = $116,600
Direct labor cost = $251,110 - $94,770 - $14,410 - $116,600
Direct labor cost = $25,330
e. Work in process inventory at the end of the month = Beginning work in process inventory + Total manufacturing costs - Cost of goods manufactured
Beginning work in process inventory = 0
Total manufacturing costs = $251,110
Cost of goods manufactured = $218,360
Work in process inventory at the end of the month = 0 + $251,110 - $218,360
Work in process inventory at the end of the month = $32,750
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