The success rate of implementing formulated strategies can vary widely depending on various factors such as industry, organization, and specific circumstances. It is challenging to provide an exact percentage, as success rates can range from relatively low to high, with some studies suggesting that only around 10-30% of strategies are successfully implemented.
The successful implementation of formulated strategies is a complex and multifaceted process influenced by numerous factors. Organizations face various challenges when executing strategies, including resistance to change, inadequate resource allocation, lack of clear communication, and shifting market conditions. These factors can hinder the successful execution of strategies, leading to a lower overall success rate.
While it is difficult to provide an exact percentage, some studies and industry observations have shed light on the success rates of strategy implementation. According to research by Kaplan and Norton, creators of the Balanced Scorecard framework, around 90% of organizations fail to execute their strategies successfully. Additionally, a survey conducted by the Economist Intelligence Unit found that only 56% of senior executives believe that their organization's strategic initiatives successfully achieve their intended outcomes.
It is important to note that success rates can vary significantly depending on industry, organizational size, leadership effectiveness, and the specific nature of the strategy being implemented. Organizations that invest in proper planning, stakeholder alignment, effective communication, and robust implementation processes tend to have higher success rates. Continuous monitoring, adaptation, and learning from implementation failures can also improve the overall success rate of strategies.
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g cool runnings operates a chain of frozen yogurt shops. the company pays $5,000 of rent expense per month for each shop. the managers of each shop are paid a salary of $3,000 per month and all other employees are paid on an hourly basis. relative to the total number of shops, the cost of rent is which kind of cost? multiple choice mixed cost variable cost opportunity cost fixed cost
In the given scenario, the cost of rent is fixed cost. Fixed cost is a type of cost that remains the same regardless of the production or sales level, such as rent or salaries. Hence, g cool runnings operates a chain of frozen yogurt shops and pays $5,000 of rent expense per month for each shop.
In the given scenario, the cost of rent is fixed cost. Fixed cost is a type of cost that remains the same regardless of the production or sales level, such as rent or salaries. Hence, g cool runnings operates a chain of frozen yogurt shops and pays $5,000 of rent expense per month for each shop. The managers of each shop are paid a salary of $3,000 per month and all other employees are paid on an hourly basis. Therefore, the cost of rent is a fixed cost as it remains constant no matter the number of units produced or the sales volume. Fixed cost is a type of cost that does not vary with the production or sales level. In other words, it is a cost that is independent of the output. Examples of fixed costs are rent, salaries, interest expense, etc.
The total fixed cost for a business is constant, regardless of the number of units produced or sold. In contrast, variable cost is a type of cost that varies with the production or sales level. In other words, it is a cost that is directly proportional to the output. Examples of variable costs are raw material, labor, electricity, etc. The total variable cost for a business varies with the level of production or sales.The cost of rent in the given scenario is fixed cost. It remains the same regardless of the number of shops the company operates. The company pays $5,000 of rent expense per month for each shop, which is a fixed amount. If the company opens more shops, the rent expense will increase proportionally, but the cost per shop will remain the same. Therefore, relative to the total number of shops, the cost of rent is a fixed cost.
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Delaware Corp. prepared a master budget that included $18,225 for direct materials, $28,300 for direct labor $16,200 for variable overhead, and $39,300 for fixed overhead. Delaware Corp. planned to sell 4,050 units during the period, but actually sold 4,380 units. What would Delaware's fixed overhead cost be if it used a flexible budget for the period based on actual sales? Multiple Choice a. $36,600 b. $167010 c. $42,203 d. $39,300
Delaware Corp's fixed overhead cost, using a flexible budget based on actual sales, would be approximately $42,203.
To determine Delaware Corp's fixed overhead cost using a flexible budget based on actual sales, we need to calculate the budgeted fixed overhead cost per unit and then multiply it by the actual sales volume.
Budgeted fixed overhead cost per unit = Total fixed overhead cost / Planned sales volume
Planned sales volume = 4,050 units
Actual sales volume = 4,380 units
Budgeted fixed overhead cost per unit = $39,300 / 4,050 units = $9.70 per unit
Fixed overhead cost using a flexible budget = Budgeted fixed overhead cost per unit * Actual sales volume
Fixed overhead cost = $9.70 per unit * 4,380 units = $42,426
Therefore, the fixed overhead cost for Delaware Corp. based on a flexible budget using actual sales would be approximately $42,426.
The closest option among the given choices is (c) $42,203.
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Dear Ms. Gonzalez: Although I am disappointed to hear that you have selected another candidate for the marketing position, I appreciate your prompt and courteous communication. Because I believe I have the organizational and technical skills needed to work in a growing company like EdCo, I hope you will keep my résumé in your active file. My desire to work for your company remains strong. I enjoyed meeting with you, and I appreciate your thorough explanation of your company's growth and future goals. To enhance my qualifications, I have enrolled in a course on Intercultural Communication in the Workplace at ZSU. If you have an opening for a position I am qualified for, please contact me at (345) 435-3532. I will contact you in the next month to discuss employment possibilities. Sincerely, Janet Havasu What is effective about the letter?
a. It uses memo format. b. It asks the prospective employer to call and update the applicant on the position. c. It emphasizes the applicant's continued interest. When writing a letter turning down a job offer, what guideline should you follow?
a. Express gratitude and best wishes for the future. b. Compose your message on personal stationery. c. Include specific reasons why you didn't like the job.
The effective aspects of the letter are:
c. It emphasizes the applicant's continued interest. The letter conveys the applicant's strong desire to work for the company and expresses appreciation for the opportunity to interview and learn about the company's goals. This shows enthusiasm and a genuine interest in the company, which can leave a positive impression on the employer.
Regarding the second question:
a. Express gratitude and best wishes for the future. When writing a letter turning down a job offer, it is important to maintain professionalism and express gratitude for the offer. It is not necessary to provide specific reasons for not accepting the job in the letter, as it is not the appropriate platform for detailed explanations. The focus should be on expressing appreciation and leaving the door open for future opportunities.
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1. Define and explain what is HR forcasting? 2. Identify the potential results of HR forcasting? 3. Mention 2 diffrents solutions for the diffrent results of the HR forcasting
HR forecasting refers to the process of estimating the future workforce needs of an organization based on various factors such as business goals, industry trends, and internal data.
The potential results of HR forecasting can vary depending on the accuracy of the predictions and the organization's ability to respond to the forecasted needs. If the forecast accurately predicts an increase in workforce demand, one potential result is a smooth recruitment process, where the organization proactively hires the necessary talent and avoids skill gaps. On the other hand, if the forecast underestimates the demand, the organization may face talent shortages, which can lead to increased workloads, decreased productivity, and potential delays in project completion. Conversely, if the forecast overestimates the demand, the organization may end up with surplus staff, leading to increased costs and potential layoffs.
To address the results of HR forecasting, organizations can implement two different solutions. In the case of talent shortages resulting from an underestimated demand, one solution is to develop internal talent through training and upskilling programs. This helps bridge the skill gaps and enables existing employees to take on new roles and responsibilities. Another solution for addressing surplus staff resulting from an overestimated demand is implementing flexible work arrangements, such as job sharing or reduced work hours, to optimize the existing workforce. Additionally, organizations can explore redeployment opportunities within the company to utilize excess talent in areas experiencing shortages. These solutions help organizations adapt to the forecasted outcomes and maintain a balanced workforce.
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Complete the following sentence. In business, ethical decision making is influenced by the Save for Later environmental social stakeholder personal guidelines principles ethical economic societal stewardship business corporate attributes of the decision maker and relevant code of conduct. Attempts: 0 of 1 used Submit Answer Complete the following sentence. The theory suggesting that the motive for serving on a board goes beyond a purely self-interested perspective is known as Attel Attempts: social Save for Later stakeholder societal stewardship corporate business economic ethical principles personal guidelines environmental theory. Answer Complete the following sentence: Corporate environmental responsibility Triple bottom line Agency theory Limited liability Corporate financial responsibility Corporate social responsibility Unlimited liability Stakeholder theory GRI reporting framework Manages Corporate governance Stewardship Controls is the responsibility an entity has to all stakeholders including society in general and the physical environment in which it operates. Attempts: 0 of 1 us Attempts: 0 of 1 used Submit Answer
In business, ethical decision making is influenced by various factors such as personal attributes, stakeholder considerations, relevant guidelines, principles, and the ethical code of conduct.
The theory suggesting that the motive for serving on a board goes beyond a purely self-interested perspective is known as stakeholder theory. Corporate environmental responsibility refers to the responsibility an entity has to all stakeholders, including society and the physical environment.
In the context of business, ethical decision making is a complex process that takes into account multiple factors. The decision maker's personal attributes, such as their values, beliefs, and moral principles, play a significant role in shaping ethical decision making. Additionally, stakeholders, including employees, customers, suppliers, and the broader society, influence ethical choices.
Guidelines, principles, and the ethical code of conduct provide a framework and set of standards that guide ethical decision making within an organization. These guidelines may include specific policies on issues such as sustainability, diversity and inclusion, fair trade, and social responsibility.
The theory that suggests motives for serving on a board extend beyond self-interest is known as stakeholder theory. According to this theory, board members should consider the interests of all stakeholders and make decisions that promote the long-term well-being of the organization and its stakeholders.
Corporate environmental responsibility refers to the obligation that a company has towards society and the physical environment in which it operates. It encompasses practices aimed at minimizing the company's impact on the environment, promoting sustainable practices, and being socially responsible. This responsibility extends beyond financial performance and takes into account environmental stewardship, community engagement, and ethical considerations.
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Not-for-profit hospitals will seek to maximize the quantity of care they provide for any level of quality, but will typically choose to sacrifice quantity of care to achieve desired levels of quality
Identify it's True / False / Uncertain, and give an explanation of no more than 200 words.
True. Not-for-profit hospitals will seek to maximize the quantity of care they provide for any level of quality but will typically choose to sacrifice quantity of care to achieve desired levels of quality.
Not-for-profit hospitals have a primary goal of providing care and serving their communities. As a result, they aim to maximize the quantity of care they provide, ensuring that as many individuals as possible receive necessary medical services. However, they also recognize the importance of maintaining high levels of quality in the care they deliver. While quantity is important, not-for-profit hospitals understand that providing subpar care could harm patients and damage their reputation.
Therefore, they may choose to sacrifice quantity of care in order to allocate resources, invest in infrastructure, and enhance quality measures, ensuring that the care provided meets the desired standards. Thus, not-for-profit hospitals prioritize quality over quantity but still strive to maximize the quantity of care within the context of maintaining acceptable levels of quality.
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Acme, Inc. recently completed a 3-for-2 stock split. Prior to the split, it had 1,000,000 shares outstanding, selling for $150 per share. Calculate the post-split price and number of shares outstanding. Select one: O A. 1,500,000 shares selling for $100 O B. 2,000,000 shares selling for $100 O C. 1,500,000 shares selling for $150 O D. 1,000,000 shares selling for $100 O E. 2,000,000 shares selling for $50
After the 3-for-2 stock split, Acme, Inc. would have 1,500,000 shares outstanding and the post-split price would be $100 per share.
A 3-for-2 stock split means that for every two shares owned prior to the split, shareholders receive three shares after the split. Acme, Inc. initially had 1,000,000 shares outstanding. With the 3-for-2 stock split, each share is split into three halves, resulting in a total of 1,500,000 shares outstanding after the split. To calculate the post-split price per share, we divide the pre-split price by the split ratio. Prior to the split, the stock was selling for $150 per share. Dividing $150 by the split ratio of 3/2, we get $100 as the post-split price per share. Therefore, the correct answer is option D: 1,000,000 shares selling for $100.
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Pricing by adding a standard mark upGroup of answer choicesTarget Return PricingSealed Bid PricingMark up PricingPerceived Value Pricing
Mark-up pricing is a pricing strategy that involves adding a standard mark-up to the cost of a product or service to determine the selling price.
Among the given options, the pricing strategy that involves adding a standard mark-up is Mark-up Pricing. Mark-up pricing is a straightforward and commonly used method for setting prices by adding a predetermined percentage or amount to the cost of a product or service.
In mark-up pricing, the company calculates the cost of producing or acquiring the product and then adds a mark-up percentage to determine the selling price. The mark-up is typically based on factors such as desired profit margin, industry standards, competition, and perceived value.
The mark-up percentage can vary depending on the industry, product type, market conditions, and company objectives. It is often expressed as a percentage of the cost price or the selling price. For example, if the cost of producing a product is $50 and the desired mark-up percentage is 50%, the selling price would be calculated as follows:
Mark-up = Cost price * Mark-up percentage
Mark-up = $50 * 0.50 = $25
Selling Price = Cost price + Mark-up
Selling Price = $50 + $25 = $75
In this example, the selling price of the product would be set at $75 by adding a mark-up of $25.
Mark-up pricing has its advantages and limitations. One advantage is its simplicity and ease of use, as it provides a straightforward method for determining prices. It allows companies to cover costs, account for profit margins, and adjust prices based on market conditions.
However, mark-up pricing does not consider external factors such as customer demand, competitor pricing, or perceived value. It primarily relies on cost-based considerations, which may not accurately reflect market dynamics or the value customers place on the product. Therefore, while mark-up pricing is a useful tool, it should be complemented with market research and analysis to ensure competitive and customer-centric pricing.
In conclusion, it provides a simple method for setting prices but should be used in conjunction with other pricing strategies and market research to ensure optimal pricing decisions.
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Prepare a Statement of Cash Flows; Free Cash Flow [LO13-1, LO13-2, LO13-3]
Comparative financial statement data for Carmono Company follow:
This Year Last Year
Assets Cash $ 14.50 $ 28.00
Accounts receivable 78.00 71.00
Inventory 127.50 115.60
Total current assets 220.00 214.60
Property, plant, and equipment 273.00 222.00
Less accumulated depreciation 56.80 42.60
Net property, plant, and equipment 216.20 179.40
Total assets $ 436.20 $ 394.00
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity Accounts payable $ 76.50 $ 60.00
Common stock 174.00 133.00
Retained earnings 185.70 201.00
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $ 436.20 $ 394.00
For this year, the company reported net income as follows:
Sales $ 1,550.00
Cost of goods sold 930.00
Gross margin 620.00
Selling and administrative expenses 600.00
Net income $ 20.00
This year Carmono declared and paid a cash dividend. There were no sales of property, plant, and equipment during this year. The company did not repurchase any of its own stock this year.
Required:
1. Using the indirect method, prepare a statement of cash flows for this year.
2. Compute Carmono’s free cash flow for this year.
1. Statement of Cash Flows for Carmono Company for this year using the indirect method:
Carmono Company Statement of Cash Flows for the Year ended (using the indirect method) Particulars of Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
Net income 20.00 Adjustments for non-cash items:
Depreciation 14.20 Increase in Accounts Receivable (7.00) Increase in Inventory (11.90) Increase in Accounts Payable 16.50 Increase in Retained Earnings (15.30) Cash flows from operating activities 17.50
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchase of property, plant and equipment (51.00)
Cash flows from investing activities (51.00) Cash flows from financing activities:
Payment of dividends (11.70) Issue of common stock 41.00 Cash flows from financing activities 29.30
net decrease in cash (4.20) plus:
Cash at the beginning of the year 14.50 Cash at the end of the year 10.30
2. Calculation of Free Cash Flow: Free cash flow is an important financial measure that helps investors evaluate a company's cash-generating ability. It is used to analyze a company's financial health and ability to pay dividends, buy back shares, and pay off debt.
The formula for free cash flow is given below:
Free cash flow = cash flow from operating activities minus capital expenditure.
Capital expenditure refers to the amount of money spent by a company on the acquisition of property, plant, equipment, or other assets. In this case, the company has purchased property, plants, and equipment worth $51 million. Using this, we can calculate the free cash flow for Carmono Company as follows:
Free Cash Flow = Cash flows from Operating Activities - Capital Expenditure
Free Cash Flow = $17.50 million - $51.00 million Free Cash Flow = -$33.50 million (negative free cash flow)
Therefore, Carmono Company has a negative free cash flow of $33.50 million for this year.
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Find the February 2022 audited annual financial statement online for the Canadian public company Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. and answer the following questions
Net Income before Income Tax (do not consider comprehensive income)
Total of Depreciation Expense (including Amortization)
Property, Plant and Equipment (net book value)
Diluted Earnings per Share
Current Assets
Net total right-of-use assets (including operating leases)
Retained Earnings
Who was the auditor?
Who was the Chair of the Board of Directors at the time the audited annual financial statement was issued?
What was the percentage change in total net Revenue during the year?
Which is the largest item line reported in the assets section of the consolidated statement of financial position? Which is the largest item line reported as a cost/expense in the consolidated income statement? Explain how each of those items are related with the type of activities the company performs.
Answer:The audited annual financial statement for Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. for February 2022 is available on their official website.
The following are the answers to the questions asked: Net Income before Income Tax (do not consider comprehensive income): $2,603 Million. Total of Depreciation Expense (including Amortization): $468 Million Property, Plant and Equipment (net book value): $2,372 Million Diluted Earnings per Share: $2.19Current Assets: $5,329 Million Net total right-of-use assets (including operating leases): $1,481 Million Retained Earnings: $4,799 Million Auditor: PricewaterhouseCoopers LLPChair of the Board of Directors at the time the audited annual financial statement was issued:
John Edward CaldwellPercentage change in total net Revenue during the year: 55%The largest item line reported in the assets section of the consolidated statement of financial position is Property, Plant and Equipment (net book value) with a value of $2,372 million. The largest item line reported as a cost/expense in the consolidated income statement is Cost of Sales with a value of $5,549 million.The Property, Plant and Equipment line item in the statement of financial position represents the assets acquired by the company to conduct its operations. The cost of sales line item in the consolidated income statement represents the direct costs incurred by the company to manufacture the products sold during the period.
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In the first month of business, Jakmak Interior Design Company had the following transactions: Mar. 5 The owner, Jackie MacKenzie, invested $10,480 cash in the business. 7 Paid $310 cash for advertising the launch of the business. 9 Purchased supplies on account for $1,460. 11 Purchased a used car for $9,050 cash, for use in the business. 13 Billed customers $2,430 for services performed. 25 Borrowed $10,440 from the bank and signed a note payable. 26 Received $1,040 cash from customers billed on March 13. 29 Paid for the supplies purchased on March 9. 30 Received $830 cash from a customer for services to be performed in April. 31 Paid Jackie MacKenzie $1,180 cash for her personal use. For each transaction, indicate: (a) the basic type of account debited and credited (asset, liability, or owner's equity); Date Mar. 5 7 9 11 13 25 26 29 30 31 a. Basic Type Asset b. Specific Account Cash + < < $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ LA $ C. Effect $10,480 a. Basic Type Owner's Equity $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ LA $ Effect $10,480 Basic Type Owner's Equity Specific Account J. MacKenzie, Capital < $ LA $ LA $ LA $ LA $ $ > LA LA $ $ Effect $10,480
Given below is the answer to the transactions of Jakmak Interior Design Company:Date Mar. 5 7 9 11 13 25 26 29 30 31 a. Basic Type Asset Owner's equity Asset Account debited Cash Supplies Vehicle Accounts receivable Cash Cash Supplies Accounts receivable Cash Account credited J. MacKenzie, Capital Advertising Accounts payable Cash Service revenue Notes payable Service revenue Supplies J. MacKenzie, CapitalAdvertising supplies were purchased by Jakmak Interior Design Company on account for $1,460 on 9th March 9.
This means that the company had purchased advertising supplies which are its assets and has to be recorded on the left-hand side of the accounting equation, so the basic type of account debited will be an Asset. Cash worth $10,480 was invested in the company by the owner, Jackie MacKenzie on March 5.
This means that the company has an additional $10,480 which is an increase in its owner's equity. Since the owner's equity account is on the right-hand side of the accounting equation, the basic type of account debited will be Owner's Equity.
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regard to health and safety at a workplace, this can be determined by comparing the probabilities of harm involved with various activities. a) variable obstacles; b) absolute impediments; c) relative risks; d) comparative barriers
When assessing health and safety at a workplace, probabilities of harm associated with different activities can be compared. This includes considering variable obstacles, absolute impediments, relative risks, and comparative barriers.
Evaluating health and safety at a workplace involves analyzing the likelihood of harm in various activities. One aspect to consider is variable obstacles, which refer to potential hazards that can change over time or in different situations. These obstacles may pose different levels of risk depending on factors such as the presence of machinery, hazardous substances, or environmental conditions. Absolute impediments are fixed hazards that pose a consistent level of risk and require specific precautions to mitigate harm. Relative risks involve comparing the likelihood of harm between different activities or situations.
This assessment considers factors such as the frequency of exposure, potential severity of harm, and the number of people affected. Comparative barriers are measures or controls implemented to reduce risk by comparing them to established safety standards or benchmarks. By considering these factors and comparing the probabilities of harm associated with various activities, employers can make informed decisions to prioritize and implement appropriate health and safety measures in the workplace.
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superior micro products uses the weighted-average method in its process costing system. data for the assembly department for may appear below:
1. The cost per equivalent unit for materials, labor, and overhead:
Materials:Cost per equivalent unit = (Work in process + Cost added) / Equivalent units of production
= ($22,300 + $135,305) / 1,900
= $157,605 / 1,900
≈ $82.95
Labor:Cost per equivalent unit = (Work in process + Cost added) / Equivalent units of production
= ($35,694 + $23,796) / 1,800
= $59,490 / 1,800
≈ $33.05
Overhead:Cost per equivalent unit = (Work in process + Cost added) / Equivalent units of production
= ($173,247 + $115,498) / 1,700
= $288,745 / 1,700
≈ $169.85
2. The total cost per equivalent whole unit:
Total cost per equivalent whole unit = Cost per equivalent unit for materials + Cost per equivalent unit for labor + Cost per equivalent unit for overhead
= $82.95 + $33.05 + $169.85
= $285.85
Therefore, the total cost per equivalent whole unit is approximately $285.85.
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once a new product or service passes the business analysis phase, it moves into the ________ phase.
Once a new product or service passes the business analysis phase, it moves into the development phase. Once this phase is successfully completed, the development phase begins.
The development phase is the next step in the product or service lifecycle after the completion of the business analysis phase. In the business analysis phase, the focus is on identifying and evaluating the feasibility and viability of the product or service, conducting market research, and defining the requirements and goals.
During the development phase, the concepts and plans from the business analysis phase are translated into tangible deliverables. This phase involves designing, prototyping, coding, testing, and refining the product or service. It includes activities such as creating technical specifications, developing software or physical prototypes, building infrastructure, and implementing the necessary features and functionalities.
The development phase requires coordination among different teams, including designers, engineers, developers, and quality assurance professionals. Project management techniques are utilized to ensure effective planning, resource allocation, and progress tracking. The development phase aims to transform the ideas and requirements gathered during the business analysis phase into a tangible and functional product or service that meets customer needs and expectations.
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dou credit union is planning the allocation of funds for the coming year. the credit union makes 4 types of loans to its members. in addition, the credit union invests in a money market fund to stabilize its income. the various revenue producing investments with their annual rate return as as follows: type of loan/investment annual rate of return (%) car loans 9 furniture loans 10 other secured loans 11 signature loans 12 money market fund 9 the credit union will have $3000,000 available for investment during the coming year. the credit union policies imposes the following restrictions on the composition of the loans and investments: 1. the money market fund may not exceed 30% of the total funds available for investment. 2. signature loans may not exceed 10% of the funds available in all loans (cars, furniture,, other secured and signature loans). 3. furniture loans plus other secured loans may not exceed cars loans. 4. other secured loans plus signature loans may not exceed the funds invested in money market fund. what would be the optimal total annual return of the fund? group of answer choices A. 249,000 B. 294,000 C. 196,000 D. 169,000
The optimal total annual return of the fund for Dou Credit Union can be determined by allocating the available funds to different types of loans and the money market fund, while considering the imposed restrictions. The options for the optimal total annual return are provided as A. $249,000, B. $294,000, C. $196,000, and D. $169,000.
To find the optimal total annual return, we need to allocate the available funds to different types of loans and the money market fund while adhering to the imposed restrictions. Let's consider the restrictions one by one:
The money market fund cannot exceed 30% of the total funds available for investment. This means that the funds allocated to the money market fund cannot exceed $900,000 (30% of $3,000,000).
Signature loans cannot exceed 10% of the funds available in all loans. Since we don't have the specific breakdown of the funds allocated to different loans, we cannot determine the exact amount for signature loans.
Furniture loans plus other secured loans cannot exceed car loans. Again, without the specific allocation of funds, we cannot determine the exact amounts.
Other secured loans plus signature loans cannot exceed the funds invested in the money market fund. Similarly, we don't have the necessary information to calculate the exact amounts.
Without the specific allocation details, it is not possible to determine the optimal total annual return. The correct answer cannot be determined based on the given information.
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Compute the missing amounts for the following table (Click the icon to view the table.) (2x) Compute the missing amounts. (Enter the contribution margin ratio to nearest percent, X%.) A B C Sale price per unit $ 1,400 $ Variable costs per unit - Total fixed costs 273,000 Target profit 630,000 Contribution margin per unit 700 Contribution margin ratio Required units to break even Required sales dollars to break even Required units to achieve target profit $ % 2.940 1,097,600 24,892,000 40% 2,500 1,250 1,562,500 325 % A pre 0 Sales price per unit Variable costs per unit Total fixed costs Target profit Contribution margin per unit Contribution margin ratio Required units to break even Required sales dollars to break even Required units to achieve target profit SA A 1,400 (a) 273,000 630,000 700 (b) (d) (e) B (1) 2,940 1,097,600 24,892,000 (g) 40% (h) (1) () $ C 2,500 1,250 (k) 1,562,500 (1) (m) 325 units (n) (0)
a) Variable costs per unit: $700 (Since the contribution margin per unit is given as $700, and the variable costs per unit is subtracted from the sale price per unit to obtain the contribution margin.)
b) Contribution margin ratio: 50% (To find the contribution margin ratio, we divide the contribution margin per unit by the sale price per unit and multiply by 100. In this case, (700 / 1,400) * 100 = 50%.)
c) Required units to break even: 390 units (To calculate the required units to break even, we divide the total fixed costs by the contribution margin per unit. In this case, 273,000 / 700 ≈ 390 units.)
d) Required sales dollars to break even: $546,000 (To find the required sales dollars to break even, we multiply the required units to break even by the sale price per unit. In this case, 390 * 1,400 = $546,000.)
e) Required units to achieve target profit: 900 units (To determine the required units to achieve the target profit, we add the target profit to the total fixed costs and then divide by the contribution margin per unit. In this case, (273,000 + 630,000) / 700 = 900 units.)
The contribution margin ratio is 50%, meaning that 50% of the sale price per unit contributes towards covering the fixed costs and generating profit. The higher the contribution margin ratio, the more revenue is available to cover fixed costs and contribute to profit. In this case, for every dollar of sale, 50 cents goes towards covering fixed costs and generating profit.
To break even, the company needs to sell 390 units at a sale price of $1,400 per unit, generating $546,000 in sales revenue. To achieve the target profit of $630,000, the company needs to sell 900 units.
It's important for a company to analyze its contribution margin ratio and break-even point to understand the profitability of its operations and make informed decisions regarding pricing, cost control, and profit targets.
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Suppose you can buy a U.S. Treasury bond that makes no payments until the bond matures 10 years from now, at which time it will pay you $1,000. What interest rate would you earn if you bought this bond for $585.43? (5.5%) What rate would you earn if you could buy the bond for $550? (6.16%) For $600? (5.24%)Microsoft earned $0.33 per share in 1997. Fourteen years later, in 2011, it earned $2.75. What was the growth rate in Microsoft’s earnings per share (EPS) over the 14-year period? (16.35%) If EPS in 2011 had been $2.00 rather than $2.75, what would the growth rate have been? (13.73%)
To calculate the interest rate earned on the U.S. Treasury bond, we can use the formula for present value: Present Value = Future Value / (1 + Interest Rate)^n
where Future Value is $1,000, Present Value is the purchase price, Interest Rate is the rate we want to find, and n is the number of periods (in this case, 10 years).
For a purchase price of $585.43:
$585.43 = $1,000 / (1 + Interest Rate)^10
Rearranging the equation, we get:
(1 + Interest Rate)^10 = $1,000 / $585.43
Taking the 10th root of both sides to solve for the Interest Rate:
1 + Interest Rate = ($1,000 / $585.43)^(1/10)
Subtracting 1 from both sides:
Interest Rate = ($1,000 / $585.43)^(1/10) - 1
Calculating this expression, we find the interest rate to be approximately 5.5%.
Similarly, for a purchase price of $550:
Interest Rate = ($1,000 / $550)^(1/10) - 1 ≈ 6.16%
And for a purchase price of $600:
Interest Rate = ($1,000 / $600)^(1/10) - 1 ≈ 5.24%
Now let's calculate the growth rate in Microsoft's earnings per share (EPS) over the 14-year period:
Growth Rate = [(EPS in 2011 / EPS in 1997)^(1/14) - 1] * 100%
For EPS in 2011 = $2.75 and EPS in 1997 = $0.33:
Growth Rate = [($2.75 / $0.33)^(1/14) - 1] * 100% ≈ 16.35%
If EPS in 2011 had been $2.00 instead of $2.75:
Growth Rate = [($2.00 / $0.33)^(1/14) - 1] * 100% ≈ 13.73%
These calculations provide the interest rates earned on the U.S. Treasury bond for different purchase prices and the growth rate in Microsoft's EPS over the given period.
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Consider the budget constraint model with two goods X and Y. A(n) ______________ leads to a shift of the budget constraint inward: Increase in price of Y and/or decrease in price of X Increase in price of X and/or decrease in price of Y Decrease in income Increase in income
An increase in the price of X and/or a decrease in the price of Y leads to a shift of the budget constraint inward.
In the budget constraint model, the budget constraint represents the different combinations of goods that a consumer can afford given their income and the prices of the goods. It is typically depicted as a line in a two-dimensional graph, with X and Y representing the quantities of the two goods. When the price of a good increases, it reduces the purchasing power of the consumer's income, making that good relatively more expensive compared to other goods. Similarly, when the price of a good decreases, it makes that good relatively cheaper. In both cases, the consumer's budget constraint shifts inward, meaning that the consumer can afford fewer combinations of goods.
Therefore, an increase in the price of X and/or a decrease in the price of Y leads to a shift of the budget constraint inward, as it reduces the consumer's ability to purchase goods and limits the available choices. Conversely, a decrease in income or an increase in income would not directly affect the slope or position of the budget constraint but would rather result in a parallel shift outward or inward, respectively.
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Morganton Company makes one product and it provided the following information to help prepare the master budget: a. The budgeted selling price per unit is $70. Budgeted unit sales for June July August, and September are 9,400. 25,000, 27000, and 28,000 units, respectively. All sales are on credit. b. Thirty percent of credit sales are collected in the month of the sale and 70% in the following month. c. The ending finished goods inventory equals 20% of the following month's unit sales. d. The ending raw materials inventory equals 10% of the following month's raw materials production needs. Each unit of finished goods requires 4 pounds of raw materials. The raw materials cost $2.50 per pound. e. Twenty percent of raw materials purchases are paid for in the month of purchase and 80% in the following month 1. The direct labor wage rate is $15 per hour. Each unit of finished goods requires two direct lobor-hours. 9. The variable selling and administrative expense per unit sold is $2.00. The fixed selling and administrative expense per month is $64.000 4 According to the production budget, how many units should be produced in July?
A master budget includes the following budgets, and one of them is the production budget. It will estimate how many units need to be manufactured to meet sales requirements. Morganton Company makes one product and provided the following information to prepare the master budget:
A. The selling price per unit is $70.B. Budgeted unit sales for June, July, August, and September are 9,400, 25,000, 27,000, and 28,000 units, respectively. All sales are on credit. C. Ending finished goods inventory equals 20% of the following month's unit sales. D. Ending raw materials inventory equals 10% of the following month's raw materials production needs. E. Each unit of finished goods requires 4 pounds of raw materials, and the raw materials cost $2.50 per pound.
20% of raw materials purchases are paid for in the month of purchase and 80% in the following month. Direct labor wage rate is $15 per hour, and each unit of finished goods requires two direct labor-hours. Variable selling and administrative expense per unit sold is $2.00.Fixed selling and administrative expense per month is $64,000.The direct materials budget is computed in pounds, not dollars.
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1. Suppose that at the beginning of the month, the number employed, E, equals 120 million; the number not in the labor force, N, equals 70 million; and the num- ber unemployed, U, equals 10 million. During the course of the month, the flows indicated in the following table occurred. EU 1.8 million ΕN 3.0 million UE 2.2 million LIN 1.7 million NE 4.5 million NU 1.3 million Assuming that the population has not grown, calculate the unemployment and labor force participation rates at the beginning and end of the month.
Given information:At the beginning of the month, E = 120 million; N = 70 million; U = 10 millionFlows during the month: EU = 1.8 million; EN = 3.0 million; UE = 2.2 million; LIN = 1.7 million; NE = 4.5 million; NU = 1.3 million
Assuming that the population has not grown, the unemployment and labor force participation rates at the beginning and end of the month are:
Unemployment RateThe labor force (LF) at the beginning of the month is:E + N = 120 + 70 = 190 millionThe number of unemployed (U) at the beginning of the month is given as 10 million, and the number of unemployed at the end of the month is:U' = U + EU - NU= 10 + 1.8 - 1.3= 10.5 millionTherefore, the unemployment rate (UR) at the beginning of the month is given by:UR = (U/LF) × 100= (10/190) × 100= 5.26%Also, the unemployment rate at the end of the month is:UR' = (U'/LF') × 100where LF' = LF + EN + NE - EU - UE - LIN= 190 + 3 + 4.5 - 1.8 - 2.2 - 1.7= 191.8 millionTherefore,UR' = (U'/LF') × 100= (10.5/191.8) × 100= 5.48%Labor Force Participation RateThe labor force participation rate (LFPR) at the beginning of the month is given by:LFPR = (LF/Pop) × 100where Pop is the total population at the beginning of the month.Therefore, LFPR = (190/Pop) × 100At the end of the month, the number of people who are not in the labor force is given as N + NE = 70 + 4.5 = 74.5 million, and the number of people who are in the labor force is given by LF' = 191.8 million.Therefore, the population (Pop') at the end of the month is:Pop' = LF' + N + NE= 191.8 + 70 + 4.5= 266.3 millionTherefore, the labor force participation rate (LFPR') at the end of the month is given by:LFPR' = (LF'/Pop') × 100= (191.8/266.3) × 100= 72.04%Thus, the labor force participation rate (LFPR) at the beginning of the month is 72.04%.
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Answer using excel with workings QUESTION 2 (21) Acacia Ltd manufactures and sells quality furniture. Their income statements and statements of financial position are given: Income Statements For The Years Ended 31 December 2014 And 2015ok 2014 2015 Rm Rm Revenue 207 153 Cost Of Sales 101 (76) Gross Profit 106 76 Distribution Expenses (22) (20) Administrative Expenses (20) (28) Operating Profit 64 29 Interest Payable (4) (4 Profit Before Taxation 60 37 Taxation (16) 6 Profit For The Year 44 19 Statements of Financial Position as at 31 December 2014 And 2015 2014 Rm 2015 Rm ASSETS Non-Current Assets Property,Plant And Equipment Land And Buildings Plant And Machinery 110 62 172 130 56 186 Current Assets Inventories Trade Receivables Cash In Bank And In Hand 22 26 19 69 241 25 25 50 236 TOTAL ASSETS EQUITY AND LIABILITIES Equity Called-up ordinary share capital Retained earnings 100 56 156 100 57 157 Non-Current Liabilities Borrowings = loan notes (10%) 40 40 Current Liabilities Borrowings (all bank overdraft) Trade Payables Taxation - 37 8 45 241 2 TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 236 Continue on next page Industrial Accounting 3 (EBIAC3A) Practical Assignment (2022) Page 3 of 4 Included incost of sales', 'distribution expenses' and 'administrative expenses', depreciation was as follows: 2014 Rm 2015 Rm 10 10 12 Land And Buildings Plant And Machinery There were no non-current asset disposal in either year. The amount of cash paid for interest Required Prepare a statement of cash flows for the business for 2015.(6 marks is for formatting and calculation on Excel).
Sheet 1: Calculation of changes in the assets and liabilities
Increase/(Decrease) in Inventories: ($3)
Decrease in Trade Receivables: $1
Decrease in Trade Payables: ($4)
Increase in Taxation Payable: $8
Sheet 2: Preparation of cash flow statement
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
Net Profit before Tax: $37
Adjustments:
Depreciation Expense: $10
Gain on Sale of PPE: $0
Interest Payable: $4
Changes in current assets and liabilities: ($3 + $1 - $4 + $8)
Net Cash from Operating Activities: $53
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
Purchase of Plant and Machinery: ($13)
Sale of Land and Building: $0
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities: ($13)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Proceeds from Borrowings: $0
Repayment of Borrowings: ($5)
Interest Paid: ($8)
Dividend Paid: $0
Net Cash Used in Financing Activities: ($13)
Net Increase/(Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents: $27
Cash and Cash Equivalents at the Beginning of the Year: $19
Cash and Cash Equivalents at the End of the Year: $46
The statement of cash flows for the year 2015 is given below:Acacia Ltd.Statement of Cash Flows for the year ended 31 December 2015Cash flows from operating activitiesNet Profit before Tax37Adjustments to reconcile profit before tax to cash provided by operating activitiesDepreciation expense10+10Gain on sale of PPE--Interest Payable4+4Changes in current assets and liabilities(Increase)/decrease in Inventories(3)Decrease in Trade receivables1Decrease in trade payables(4)Increase in taxation payable8Net cash from operating activities53Cash flows from investing activitiesPurchase of plant and machinery(13)Sale of land and building--Net cash used in investing activities(13)Cash flows from financing activitiesProceeds from borrowings--Repayment of borrowings(5)Interest paid(8)Dividend paid--Net cash used in financing activities(13)Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents27Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year19Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year46Calculation in excelSheet 1: Calculation of changes in the assets and liabilitiesSheet 2: Preparation of cash flow statement
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3. What are the characteristics of good locations for offices? 4. Macroeconomic analysis of the office market - substitution, geographic focus, dimensions, why is net absorptions a better metric?
Characteristics of good locations for offices:One of the most important factors for office location is accessibility for both employees and customers. A location that is easy to find and can be reached easily by different modes of transportation, such as cars, public transport, bicycles, and pedestrians, will attract more employees and customers.
Good locations for offices should have certain characteristics that make them ideal for businesses. Accessibility, availability of amenities, and safety are some of the most important factors. The location should be easy to find and access by different modes of transportation, including cars, public transport, bicycles, and pedestrians. The office should also be close to various amenities, such as restaurants, cafes, and shops. This makes it easier for employees to find places to eat and drink during breaks, and it also enhances the overall appeal of the location. It is also important to have a safe location, with good lighting and security measures in place to protect employees and customers.The macroeconomic analysis of the office market is an important consideration for investors and occupiers. Technological innovations and changing market dynamics have disrupted the traditional office market, leading to the rise of flexible offices and co-working spaces. Geographic focus, size, quality of the building, and location are all important factors that should be considered when making investment decisions.Net absorptions is a better metric than other indicators such as vacancy rates because it measures the change in the total occupied office space. This metric provides a better understanding of the actual demand for office space and the direction of the market. It is also more reliable because it is not influenced by changes in the supply side.
In conclusion, investors and occupiers should consider the characteristics of good locations for offices and macroeconomic factors such as net absorptions when making investment decisions.
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Point An online toy store has a directive that "Failure to deliver the ordered toy within three hours will lead to issuing a warning followed by dismissal if the act is repeated". Specify the part of the standing plan that the statement represents. [Explanation is not required] Use the editor to format your answer
The statement "Failure to deliver the ordered toy within three hours will lead to issuing a warning followed by dismissal if the act is repeated" represents the disciplinary policy within the standing plan of the online toy store.
Standing plans are pre-determined guidelines or procedures that are designed to provide guidance and direction for recurring situations. They help establish consistency and efficiency in decision-making and operations within an organization. One type of standing plan is the policy, which sets forth general guidelines and rules to govern actions and behaviors in specific situations.
In this case, the disciplinary policy outlines the consequences for employees who fail to deliver the ordered toy within three hours. It specifies that a warning will be issued for the first offense, and repeated acts will result in dismissal. This policy serves as a guideline for maintaining the expected level of performance and ensuring timely delivery of toys by establishing clear consequences for non-compliance.
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the graphs of $y=3-x^2+x^3$ and $y=1+x^2+x^3$ intersect in multiple points. find the maximum difference between the $y$-coordinates of these intersection points.
To find the maximum difference between the $y$-coordinates of the intersection points of the given graphs, we need to find the points where the two equations intersect.
Setting the two equations equal to each other, we have:
$3 - x^2 + x^3 = 1 + x^2 + x^3$
Rearranging the equation, we get:
$2x^2 = 2$
Simplifying further:
$x^2 = 1$
This equation has two solutions: $x = 1$ and $x = -1$.
Substituting these values of $x$ into either of the original equations, we can find the corresponding $y$-coordinates.
For $x = 1$, substituting into $y = 3 - x^2 + x^3$:
$y = 3 - 1^2 + 1^3 = 3$
For $x = -1$, substituting into $y = 3 - x^2 + x^3$:
$y = 3 - (-1)^2 + (-1)^3 = 1$
So the two intersection points are $(1, 3)$ and $(-1, 1)$.
The maximum difference between the $y$-coordinates of these points is $3 - 1 = 2$.
Therefore, the maximum difference between the $y$-coordinates of the intersection points is 2.
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Which statements are true about the marginal propensity to consume (MPC)?
Choose one or more:
DA. The MPC helps determine the multiplier.
B. An increase in the MPC will decrease GDP.
DC. The MPC is the portion of additional income that is used for consumption. \
D. The MPC and the marginal propensity to save sum to 1.
The correct statements about the marginal propensity to consume (MPC) are:
A. The MPC helps determine the multiplier.
C. The MPC is the portion of additional income that is used for consumption.
D. The MPC and the marginal propensity to save sum to 1.
Explanation:
A. The MPC helps determine the multiplier: The multiplier effect refers to how changes in spending can have a magnified impact on overall economic activity. The MPC is the fraction of additional income that is consumed, and it helps determine the multiplier, which quantifies the overall impact of changes in spending on GDP.
C. The MPC is the portion of additional income that is used for consumption: The MPC represents the proportion of additional income that individuals or households choose to spend on consumption rather than saving. It indicates how much of an increase in income will be spent on consumption.
D. The MPC and the marginal propensity to save sum to 1: The MPC and the marginal propensity to save (MPS) together account for the entire increase in income. Since income can either be consumed or saved, the MPC and MPS must sum to 1. If the MPC is 0.8, for example, the MPS would be 0.2.
Therefore, options A, C, and D are the true statements about the MPC. Option B, "An increase in the MPC will decrease GDP," is not correct. An increase in the MPC would lead to higher consumption spending, which would typically stimulate economic growth and increase GDP.
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Zolezzi Inc. is preparing its cash budget for March. The budgeted beginning cash balance is $22,000. Budgeted cash receipts total $113,000 and budgeted cash disbursements total $90,000. The desired ending cash balance is $60,000. The company can borrow up to $100,000 at any time from a local bank, with interest not due until the following month. Required: Prepare the company's cash budget for March in good form. Make sure to indicate what borrowing, if any, would be needed to attain the desired ending cash balance. I. Beginning cash balance Add cash receipts Total cash available Less cash disbursements Excess (deficiency) of cash available over disbursements Borrowings Ending cash balance 1 TUL .
Zolezzi Inc. Cash Budget for March:
Beginning Cash Balance: $22,000, Cash Receipts: $113,000, Total Cash Available: $135,000, Cash Disbursements: $90,000, Excess (Deficiency) of Cash Available over Disbursements: $45,000, Borrowings: None needed, Ending Cash Balance: $45,000.
Zolezzi Inc. starts with a beginning cash balance of $22,000 in March. The company expects to receive $113,000 in cash receipts during the month, resulting in a total cash available of $135,000. On the disbursement side, the company plans to spend $90,000. After subtracting the cash disbursements from the total cash available, there is an excess of $45,000. Since this exceeds the desired ending cash balance of $60,000, Zolezzi Inc. does not need to borrow any funds. Therefore, the ending cash balance for March will be $45,000.
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Q1. What are the organizations and rules that govern Accounting? (10 marks)
Accounting is governed by various organizations and rules that establish standards and principles to ensure consistency, transparency, and accuracy in financial reporting.
The two primary organizations that play a significant role in governing accounting practices are the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) and the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB).
The FASB is an independent, private-sector organization in the United States that establishes and improves Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) for financial reporting. GAAP provides a framework for preparing and presenting financial statements, ensuring consistency and comparability among different entities.
On the global scale, the IASB sets International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), which are principles-based accounting standards followed by many countries outside of the United States. IFRS aims to enhance the comparability and transparency of financial statements across different jurisdictions. These organizations work in collaboration with regulatory bodies such as the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) in the U.S. and the International Organization of Securities Commissions (IOSCO) globally to ensure compliance and promote the integrity of financial reporting.
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Lucas owns a cafe in Melbourne. During the September quarter of the 2021 tax year, he recorded the following transactions:
Cash sales of cooked meals - $55,000
Cash sales of fresh fruit and vegetables - $550
Credit sales (Accounts Receivable) - $110,000
Payments received from credit sales - $44,000
Credit purchases (Accounts Payable) - $33,000
Paid business overheads - $22,000
Wages and superannuation paid to employees - $40,000
The net profit for Lucas's cafe in Melbourne during the September quarter of the 2021 tax year is $34,550. This is calculated by subtracting the total expenses ($99,000) from the total sales ($165,550).
To calculate the net profit, we need to add up all the sales and subtract the expenses. Lucas had cash sales of cooked meals totaling $55,000 and cash sales of fresh fruit and vegetables amounting to $550. He also had credit sales (Accounts Receivable) of $110,000, of which he received payments worth $44,000. The total sales would be $55,000 + $550 + $110,000 - $44,000 = $121,550.
Lucas also had credit purchases (Accounts Payable) of $33,000 and paid $22,000 towards business overheads. He also paid wages and superannuation to employees, totaling $40,000. The total expenses would be $33,000 + $22,000 + $40,000 = $95,000.
To calculate the net profit, we subtract the total expenses ($95,000) from the total sales ($121,550). The net profit would be $121,550 - $95,000 = $26,550.
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In 2019, Whitlock Industries has a deferred tax asset associated with product warranties of $238,000. They expect the asset to be reversed in 2020 and 2021. Whitlock’s tax accountants have heard that the corporate tax rate may increase by 1% in 2021. Why would Whitlock still use their current tax rate of 20% to calculate their deferred tax asset?a They always use the current tax rate to calculate deferred tax assets.b The new tax rate has not been passed into law yet.c Deferred tax assets are always calculated at 20% regardless of the company’s current tax rate.d Any changes to the deferred tax account based on a new tax rate must be recorded in the year the temporary difference reverses.
d. Any changes to the deferred tax account based on a new tax rate must be recorded in the year the temporary difference reverses.
Deferred tax assets are calculated based on the temporary differences between the accounting and tax treatment of certain items. These temporary differences will reverse in future periods. When a change in the tax rate is expected in a future period, it is not immediately applied to calculate the deferred tax asset. In this case, Whitlock Industries has a deferred tax asset associated with product warranties. The reversal of this asset is expected in 2020 and 2021. The current tax rate of 20% is used to calculate the deferred tax asset because any changes to the deferred tax account based on a new tax rate must be recorded in the year the temporary difference reverses.
Since the change in the tax rate is expected in 2021, it will only impact the calculation of the deferred tax asset for that year. Until then, Whitlock Industries will continue to use the current tax rate of 20% to calculate their deferred tax asset.
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Suppose the price of HD televisions decreases. As a result, the
a. MRP of the workers making HD televisions will increase.
b. MP of the workers making HD televisions will increase.
c. MRP of the workers making HD televisions will decrease.
d. MFC of the workers making HD televisions will increase.
The correct answer is c. MRP of the workers making HD televisions will decrease.
MRP (Marginal Revenue Product) refers to the additional revenue generated by each additional unit of input, in this case, the workers making HD televisions. When the price of HD televisions decreases, it generally indicates a decrease in demand or market value for the product. As a result, the revenue generated by each additional unit of input (the workers) will decrease, leading to a decrease in the MRP.
Option a, MRP of the workers making HD televisions will increase, is incorrect because a decrease in the price of HD televisions implies a decrease in demand and lower revenue, leading to a decrease in the MRP.
Option b, MP (Marginal Product) of the workers making HD televisions will increase, is unrelated to the price change of HD televisions. MP refers to the additional output generated by each additional unit of input, and it is not directly affected by changes in product prices.
Option d, MFC (Marginal Factor Cost) of the workers making HD televisions will increase, is also incorrect. MFC refers to the additional cost incurred by each additional unit of input. The price change of HD televisions does not directly affect the cost of workers, so there is no reason for the MFC to increase.
Therefore, the correct answer is c. MRP of the workers making HD televisions will decrease.
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