what type of evidence have scientists collected and studied from deep ice cores that shows a correlation between changes in global climate with methane and carbon dioxide levels?

The covalent bonding allows atoms in group 16 of the periodic table to satisfy the octet rule is two share 2 electrons of another atom to complete 8 electrons.

According to octet rule , an atom loose , gain , or share electrons to complete their 8 valence electron and achieve stability. Covalent bond is formed when two electrons share their valence electrons to satisfy the octet rule. group 16 elements have 6 valence electrons and they need 2 electrons to complete their octet.

Thus, The covalent bonding allows atoms in group 16 of the periodic table to satisfy the octet rule is two share 2 electrons of another atom to complete 8 electrons.

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The correct answer to the statement " when mountains and water combine, do you expect volcanos, trenches, mountain ranges, shallow or deep earthquakes " is yes, it does happen.

The simple reason why the activities in the task above results including volcanoes is simply because of the cracks opened in the floor of ocean when two different plate spreads. When this happens, it causes volcanoes to occur.

A volcano refers to a mountain with fragments of rocks.

So therefore, from the explanation given above, it can be deduced that activities like volcanoes erupt when the ocean combine with mountains.

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Physical characteristics are those that can be seen without affecting a substance's identity.

Physical characteristics are therefore those that can be seen without affecting a substance's identity.

Any measurable characteristic whose value describes the condition of a physical system is referred to as a physical property. A system's transitions between fleeting states can be described by changes in its physical attributes. Observables are a term used to describe physical characteristics. These attributes are not modal.

Color, hardness, malleability, solubility, electrical conductivity, density, melting point, and boiling point are examples of the physical characteristics of matter. The hue of the elements does not differ much from one element to the next.

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Explanation:

through the process of electrolysis.

electricity (loose electrons under "pressure") is sent through water allowing the oxygen atoms to bind enough electrons to become independent O2 molecules and detach from water molecules, hence "freeing" themselves as oxygen gas. which in turn also creates free H2 molecules and therefore hydrogen gas.

the free oxygen collects at the positive electrode, the free hydrogen at the negative electrode.

an additional option is to collect the free oxygen that is simply mixed into the water and allows fish to "breathe" (the gills do NOT break oxygen out of the H2O molecules but use the mixed-in free O2 oxygen between the H2O molecules).

that is the reason why a fish tank needs the constant air stream bubbling through the water (or we would have to constantly stir the water in the tank rigorously), and why truly still water bodies "die" (any originally mixed-in oxygen leaves over time, literally suffocating any oxygen-needing lifeforms in those bodies of water).

to capture this, cool the water down to about 4° C (about 39° F), at which point water has its greatest density (below that water expands again preparing for the larger volume needed by the crystalline grid of water ice). that pushes/squeezes a lot of the mixed-in elements incl. free oxygen out of the water.

but that is very little compared to an electrolysis result.

Metal solids tend to be good conductors because of the property of electron mobility.

Metal cations are the building blocks of metallic solids, and a delocalized "sea" of valence electrons holds them all together. Metallic solids are good conductors of heat and electricity because of the mobility of their electrons. Metal atoms bound together by metallic bonds form metallic solids, which are solids. These linkages act as expansive molecular orbitals that cover the entire solid.

The electrons in metallic solids are hence delocalized. They are not only linked together by two atoms in a sigma bond. Metals are effective heat and electricity conductors because they contain at least one free electron per atom, which means that it is not bound to any one atom and is therefore free to travel about the metal.

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Answer:

I presume you are talking about Nitric Oxide so the molar mass of NO is 30g/mol 30 g / m o l.

Then you should substitute the respective values from the formula above.

Doing that the mass of NO formed is 4.413 g or just 4.4 grams.

An amino acid with a carboxylic acid group is glutamic acid. This sends forth a bad vibe. Additionally carrying a negative charge are the phosphate groups that are added to a protein during phosphorylation.

An iron binder called nitrous acids is used to treat potentially fatal acute cyanide poisoning. To treat arsenic poisoning, silver nitrate solution is combined intravenously with hydrazine hydrate (as sodium nitrite).

Nitrous acid is an unstable, barely acidic substance. It is a nitrogen oxoacid. It is made by treating nitrite salt and mineral acid to make it acidic. Oxidant and nitrous gas are combined to create nitrous acid, which contains less oxygen than nitric acid.

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Option A, In the polysaccharide cellulose, large numbers of monosaccharides are linked together through glycosidic linkages.

The most prevalent carbohydrates in nature are polysaccharides, which have several uses including energy storage and inclusion in plant cell walls. Large polymers known as polysaccharides are created by joining tens to thousands of monosaccharides together via glycosidic connections. Starch, glycogen, and cellulose are the three polysaccharides that are most prevalent. Because each of these three produces only one kind of monosaccharide (glucose) after full hydrolysis, they are collectively known as homopolymers. In addition to monosaccharides, heteropolymers may also contain sugar acids, amino sugars, or noncarbohydrate compounds. Non-reducing carbohydrates known as polysaccharides lack the sweetness and do not mutate.

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Option 4. nutrients (nitrate, phosphate, silica) are non-conservative properties of a deep water mass.

The non-conservative factors like phosphorous (P), iron (Fe), and carbon (C) or dissolved inorganic carbon found in seawater are chemically or biologically reactive. Conservative elements have longer residence instances. that is the purpose these factors make up the majority of the sea's dissolved materials.

Sodium and chloride are nonconservative constituents of seawater. Non-conservative pollutants approach pollutants that are presumed to be destroyed, biodegraded, chemically converted, or volatilized within the POTW to some diploma.

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These protons, neutrons and electrons are the three fundamental particles of atoms

What is atom ?

The atom is the smallest unit of matter that may be divided without releasing electrically charged particles. It is also the lowest unit of matter that has chemical element features. As a result, the atom is the fundamental building block of chemistry.

Examine various electron configurations in electron shells surrounding an atom's nucleus.

The majority of the atom is empty space. The rest of the structure is made up of a positively charged nucleus of protons and neutrons surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons. In comparison to electrons, the lightest charged particles in nature, the nucleus is small and dense.

The mass of an electron is approximately 9.109382911 1028 gramme. A proton or neutron has a mass that is approximately 1,836 times greater. This explains why the mass of an atom is governed mostly by the mass of its protons and neutrons in its nucleus.

Mass of protons, m

p =1.67×10 −27 kg

Mass of electrons, m

e =9.11×10 −31 kg

∴ m e

​mp≈1836

The proton to electron mass ratio is represented by μ or β. It is a dimensionless quantity.

μ= m e

​

mp≈1836

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38.1 ml of a 12% (v/v) propyl alcohol solution would need 4.5 ml of propyl alcohol.

What purpose does the isopropyl alcohol solution serve?

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1.81 liters of carbon dioxide are produced when 5.00 grams of hydrogen bicarbonate breaks down.

Mass of hydrogen bicarbonate (H₂CO₃) = 5.00 g

Molar mass of hydrogen bicarbonate = 62 g/mol

Molar mass of carbon dioxide = 44.01 g/mol

Density of CO₂ = 1.97 g / L

Temperature = 25 0C

Pressure = 1.24 atm

Volume of CO₂ = ?

Write the balanced chemical equation

    H₂CO₃ →  CO₂ + H₂O

The molar ratio of hydrogen bicarbonate to carbon dioxide is 1 : 1

It means that when one mole of hydrogen bicarbonate decomposes it will produce one mole of carbon dioxide

Now we will find out the number of moles of hydrogen bicarbonate

    number of moles = mass / molar mass

    number of moles of H₂CO₃ = 5.00 g / 62 g/mol

    number of moles of H₂CO₃ = 0.081 mol

Number of moles of H₂CO₃ = number of moles of CO₂

Hence the number of moles of CO₂ = 0.081 mol

Now find out the mass of CO₂

    mass = number of moles × molar mass

    mass of CO₂ = 0.081 mol × 44.01 g/mol

    mass of CO₂ = 3.565 g

Convert mass to volume

    volume = mass / density

    V of CO₂ = 3.565 g / 1.97 g / L

    V of CO₂ = 1.81 L

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As we move across period 3 the number of delocalized electrons per metal atom increases and the radius of the elements decreases. This means the melting point increases.

What is melting point and boiling point ?

The temperature at which molecules in a solid can pass one another and transform into liquids is known as the melting point. On the other hand, liquids and gases are involved in the boiling point. Some molecules at the liquid's surface are escaping as the molecules move around.

The three metals' melting and boiling points rise as a result of the strengthening of their metallic connections. Each atom can contribute an increasing quantity of electrons to the delocalized "sea of electrons." As you get from sodium to magnesium to aluminum, the atoms also get smaller and have more protons.

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The intermolecular force in which a hydrogen atom that is bonded to a highly electronegative atom is attracted to an unshared pair of electrons of an electronegative atom in a nearby molecule is known as Hydrogen Bond.

An intermolecular force (IMF) known as a hydrogen bond is created when an electronegative atom with a single pair of electrons and a hydrogen atom connected to a strongly electronegative atom is in close proximity to one another. Between molecules, there are intermolecular forces (IMFs). Dispersion forces and regular dipole-dipole interactions are more examples. In general, hydrogen bonds are weaker than true covalent and ionic bonds but stronger than common dipole-dipole and dispersion forces.

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the stem correction is not required in this case

what is calibration?

Calibration is the process of comparing the measurement results provided by a device under test with those of a calibration standard with a known accuracy in measurement technology and metrology. Another measurement tool with proven precision, a device that generates the amount to be measured, such as a voltage generator or sound generator, or a physical artefact, such as a metre ruler, might all serve as examples of such standards.

One of the following outcomes from the comparison is possible:

No substantial errors are found on the device being tested. Significant errors are found, but no corrections are done to bring the errors down to a manageable level.

In a strict sense, "calibration" refers only to the process of comparing and excludes any further correction.

A national or international standard held by a metrology agency is often traceable to the calibration standard.

It is crucial to compare the thermometer's readings to the boiling or melting points of pure liquids or solids at various temperatures, as shown below. Naturally, if the thermometer is calibrated in this manner, there will be no need to apply an exposed stem adjustment.

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Strong bases and weak acids in salts do hydrolyze, raising the pH level over 7. The anion in salt comes from a weak anion.

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Electrons are shared in covalent bonds.

What is a covalent bond?
The exchange of one or more pairs of electrons between two atoms forms a covalent connection. The two atomic nuclei are drawing these electrons in unison. When there is insufficient space between two atoms' electronegativities for an electron transfer to take place and create ions, a covalent bond is formed. Bonding electrons are shared electrons that are present in the region between the two nuclei. The bound pair serves as the "glue" that binds the atoms in molecular structures.

The only covalently bound substance that is the simplest is a hydrogen molecule. Two hydrogen atoms with one electron in each's 1s orbital make up the compound. The covalent link between the two hydrogen atoms allows them to share their two electrons and give each of them a helium-like electron configuration.

Hence, electrons are shared in covalent bonds.

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AlCl3 is the answer.

As strong acid-strong base salts, NaCl and MgCl2 are both neutral.

Since NH4Cl is a weak base-strong acid salt, it is also acidic. AlCl3 is, nevertheless, a stronger acid than NH4Cl.

Neither acids nor bases can be found in neutral substances. Accordingly, neutral substances have an equal number of these ions. An acid has hydrogen ions, a base has hydroxyl ions, etc. Water is the most typical example of a neutral substance. Both acidic and basic properties are absent from water.

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According to the given statement The transition from  n=1 to n=3 results in the largest energy change.

Energy change Equals energy in Minus energy out. To calculate the energy transfer for a reaction, add the bond energy for all the atoms in the reactants (this is the "energy in") and the bond values for all the bonds with in products (this is the "energy out").

Energy is capable of changing its forms. For instance, electrical energy transforms into thermal and light heat when a lightbulb is turned on. A automobile transforms the gasoline's molecular bonds' stored energy into a variety of other forms. Chemical energy is converted to light in the engine through a chemical reaction.

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Answer:

There will be the formation of a Common salt (NaCl) and Mg(OH)2 which is a base after the reaction between the two chemicals

Since the start of the industrial revolution more than 200 years ago, human activity has led to an increase in the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2). The pH of the ocean's surface waters has decreased by 0.1 pH units throughout this time.

A significant and swift transition in an economy (as in late-18th-century England) signaled by the widespread adoption of power-driven machinery or by a significant shift in the prevalent forms and applications of such machinery.

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Sleet ,freezing of raindrops, snowflakes Precipitation

are 4 non examples of condensation .

What is condensation ?

Condensation, the separation of a liquid or solid from a vapor, generally occurs on surfaces that are cooler than the adjacent gas. A substance condenses when the pressure exerted by that vapor exceeds the vapor pressure of the substance's liquid or solid phase at the temperature of the surface on which condensation is occurring. As the steam condenses, heat is released. If this heat is not removed, the surface temperature will rise until it matches the surrounding steam.

If the air does not contain small particles, so-called aerosols, condensation will only occur if the air is extremely supersaturated with water vapor.

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Carbonated water is used makes sprite a substitute for egg in baking

Carbonated water can add moisture to recipes, but it also works as a great leavening agent

What is carbonated water ?

Carbonated water (soda water, bottled water, sparkling water, club soda, gassed water, also known as bottled water in many places, especially in the United States as seltzer or seltzer water) contains dissolved carbon dioxide. It is also water containing gas. It is artificially injected under pressure or occurs by natural geological processes. Carbonation creates tiny bubbles, giving the water a carbonation quality. Common forms include sparkling natural mineral water, club soda, and commercial sparkling water.

Carbonated water can add moisture to recipes, but it also works as a great leavening agent. Carbonation traps air bubbles and makes the finished product light and fluffy. You can substitute 60 grams of sparkling water per egg. This alternative is great for cakes, cupcakes and quick breads

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The reaction has a low activation energy and mostly of the reactants are converted into products hence the reaction tends to occur in the forward direction

2) The rate of the reverse reaction is too small compared to  the rate of the forward reaction.

The term reaction has to do with the interaction that occurs between the reactants and the products. Thus as the reactants interacts, a new substance is formed and then we have new substances and they are called  the products. Looking at the reaction as it is written in question (1), we can see that the there is a complete and total interaction that occurs as all the reactants are converted into products. Given the fact that all the reactants are converted into products, the reactions can only proceed forward.

In this reaction, we can see from the equation that the reaction is reversible. This means that the reaction is able to occur in both directions; forward and backwards. This reactions proceeds mostly forward hence the rate of reverse reaction is infinitesimal compared to the rate of the forward reaction.

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A steam bath is used to dry the recovered copper product as the amount of water in the steam increases, the latent heat decreases, providing less heat to transfer from the steam to the copper product to dry.

A steam bath is used instead of a hot plate to dry the recovered copper to prevent overheating. Overheating can lead to atmospheric oxygen from oxidizing.

The steam dryness division is utilized to evaluate the sum of water inside the steam. If steam contains 10% water by mass, it's said to be 90% dry, or have a dryness division of 0.9.

Steam dryness is critical since it includes a coordinated impact on the overall sum of transferable vitality contained inside the steam (ordinarily fair idle warm), which influences warming effectiveness and quality.

For illustration, soaked steam (100% dry) contains 100% of the inactive warm accessible at that weight. Immersed water, which has no idle warm and so 0% dryness, will as contains sensible warm.

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The amount of oxygen produced by the reaction of 6.54g of ammonium perchlorate is 2.228g.

The chemical reaction for this will be:

4NH4ClO4 → 5O2 + 6H2O + 2N2 + 4HCl

We know:

'6.54' grams is mass of ammonium perchlorate  and '117.49' g/mol is molar mass of ammonium perchlorate

Now, we  can calculate moles by:

Moles NH4ClO4 =  mass NH4ClO4 / molar mass NH4ClO4

Moles NH4ClO4 = 6.54 grams / 117.49 g/mol

this give 0.0557 moles of NH4ClO4

After this we will calculate the moles of O2 produced similarly:

For 4 moles of ammonium perchlorate consumed, 5 moles of O2 is produced, in addition to 6 moles of  H2O, 2 moles of  N2 and 4 moles of HCl.

For 0.0696 moles NH4ClO4; we get 5/4 * 0.0557 = 0.0696 moles of O2

And Finally we can calculate the mass of oxygen produced:

Mass of oxygen  = moles of O2 * molar mass of O2

Mass of oxygen = 0.0696 moles * 32 g/mol

Mass of oxygen  = 2.228 grams

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Answer:

c

Explanation:

This is a balanced chemical reaction equation since the number of atoms of each of the elements is the same on both sides of the reaction equation.

We know that the term chemical reaction has to do with the kind of interaction that does occur between reactants and products. In this case, we have the reaction that exists between methane and oxygen. This is a combustion reaction.

There is one carbon atoms on the reactant side and one carbon atom on the products side. There are four hydrogen atoms of the reactants side and fur hydrogen atoms on the products side. There are four oxygen atoms on the reactants side and four oxygen atoms on the products side.

There are two oxygen molecules on the reactants side and there are two water molecules on the products side. This is a balanced chemical reaction equation.

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The kind of light absorbed by greenhouse gases that causes the warming of the atmosphere is infrared light.

Global warming refers to the increase in the average global temperature as a result of an increased amount of absorbed infrared light by greenhouse gases.

Greenhouse gases are gases that form a blanket layer in the atmosphere and prevent reflected low-energy infrared light from the sun from returning back to space. By absorbing this light, greenhouse gases are able to keep the earth warm.

However, as the concentration of greenhouse gases keeps increasing in the atmosphere, so is the amount of infrared light absorbed. Consequently, the atmosphere keeps getting warmer. The more the concentration of the gases increases, the more the temperature.

This is what is currently causing global warming.

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