The hydrolysis reaction involve in addition of water to break the bond between two monosaccharides. They are usually means the cleavage of chemical bonds by the addition of water.
What is monosaccharides ?Monosaccharides, are the simplest forms of sugar and the most basic units from which all carbohydrates are built, example They are usually colorless, water-soluble, and crystalline solids they are simple sugars or glucose and fructose.
Therefore the correct option is hydrolysis. D
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although social groups vary tremendously (e.g., families, sororities, sports teams, religious congregations), they are all alike in that .members share the same space at the same timeactions are guided by normsthey tend to be heterogeneousthey convey competitive advantage
Even while social groupings (such as family, sorority, sports teams, and religious congregations) differ greatly from one another, all of their behaviors are governed by standards.
Deindividuation & social loafing both refer to the spreading of responsibility, which is one element they have in common. The definition of a social family by social psychologists as a family of interdependent people implies that group members have an impact on one another. Social facilitation & social loafing are two instances of how the company of others affects our actions. Propinquity become used to via simple exposure. If something is similar, it will also appear similar. Reciprocal Liking: We often become used to the individuals we like and begin to know. In addition to assisting us in defining who we are, groups serve as a source for social standards that establish what is appropriate.
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Does mitosis help with cancer?.
Cancer is a complex and heterogeneous disease. However, it is generally accepted that mitosis, or the process of cell division, plays an important role in the development and progression of cancer.
Mitosis is a critical process for the growth and development of all tissues and organs in the body. In cancer, this process is dysregulated, leading to the uncontrolled growth and spread of cancer cells.
There is evidence to suggest that mitosis is involved in the initiation of cancer, as well as its progression and metastasis. For example, cancer cells typically have a higher rate of cell division than normal cells. This means that they are more likely to accumulate DNA mutations, which can lead to the development of cancer.
In addition, cancer cells often hijack the normal process of cell division to their own advantage. For instance, they may use mitosis to rapidly divide and spread throughout the body.
Ultimately, the role of mitosis in cancer is complex and still not fully understood. However, it is clear that this process plays a significant role in the development and progression of the disease.
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which answer choice correctly matches the horizon name with its composition? elimination tool select one answer a e horizon - this is called the bedrock layer. this is the parent material for the soil. b c horizon - this layer contains some mineral components with a large amount of organic material. c a horizon - this is called the topsoil. this is where seeds germinate, and worms and nematodes are likely to live. d b horizon - this is called the organic layer. this is where dead leaves and other detritus accumulate and form a nutrient rich layer. this incorporates into the soil as substances are broken down through decomposition and are carried into the soil.
The bedrock layer is located at the e horizon. This is the soil's original constituent material. A layer of mineral or organic soil material that is roughly parallel to the land surface is known as a soil horizon.
Which of the following statements most accurately sums up the makeup of the Earth's atmosphere?About 78% of the gases in the Earth's atmosphere are nitrogen, 21% are oxygen, 0.9 % are argon, and 0.1 % are other gases. trace amounts of water, methane, and carbon dioxide
Which of the following statements most accurately sums up an upwelling's water?Which of the following statements is accurate regarding the waters in an upwelling area. This region is chilly and nutrient-rich because, periodically (often in the spring), water from the body's bottom is pulled up to mingle with the surface water.
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If transcription and translation were not coupled in bacteria, what type of regulation would be affected?.
Attenuative gene regulation would not be conceivable in bacteria if transcription and translation were not linked. By attaching to it, a certain protein (a repressor) can stop transcription from occurring.
If transcription and translation were not connected in bacteria, gene control through attenuation would not occur.
Premature transcription termination is caused by attenuation, a suggested mechanism of regulation in some bacterial operons. In conditions of high tryptophan, attenuation is a process that also decreases the expression of the trp operon.
The physical separation of the chromosomal DNA from the cytosolic environment in the absence of the nuclear membrane, however, can lead to the idea that transcription and translation in bacteria and archaea are temporally connected.
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Differential gene expression is the result of different cells containing different ______.
Differential gene expression is the result of different cells containing different sets of genes. This is a key factor in understanding how the body works.
Each cell in the body contains the same basic genetic code, but this code can be expressed differently in different cells.The expression of different genes in different cells is determined by their specific environment. Cells in different parts of the body are exposed to different signals from the environment, such as hormones and nutrients. These signals can cause certain genes to be expressed, while other genes remain dormant. This is why different cells in the body have different sets of genes expressed.
Differential gene expression is important for many reasons. One reason is that it helps to explain how different tissues in the body are specialized for different functions. For example, the cells in a muscle have different genes expressed than the cells in a liver. This allows the cells in the muscle to respond to signals from the environment differently than the cells in the liver.
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which of the following is/are caused by pseudomonas aeruginosa? to be marked correct, you'll need to select all true statements, as there may be more than one correct answer.
Pseudomonas aeruginos can result in bloodstream infections, pneumonia, ear infections, wound infections, and urinary tract infections. those who already have illnesses including cancer, HIV, diabetes, or cystic fibrosis.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa: What causes it?Phyton aeruginosa. serious nosocomial (hospital acquired) infections are caused by it. in those with impaired immune systems. causes a wide variety of infections. Some isolates are resistant to all antibiotics or all but one, and they are frequently resistant to numerous drugs.
What causes pseudomonas? What is pseudomonas?A widespread form of bacteria called pseudomonas is typically found in soil and water. In people with healthy lungs, it hardly ever results in issues. Due to its resistance to widely used antibiotics like penicillin, doxycycline, and erythromycin, pseudomonas can be challenging to treat.
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which one of the following cells are the product of meiosis? group of answer choices bacterial cells blood stem cells sperm cells liver cells all of thesea) sperm cellsb) liver cellsc) red blood cellsd) all of the above
sperm cells are the product of meiosis whereas liver cells, red blood cells are the product if mitosis.
What is meiosis?In sexually reproducing organisms, meiosis is the process of a unique type of cell division of germ cells that results in the production of gametes, such as sperm or egg cells. Two rounds of division are necessary, and the end product is four cells with just one copy of each chromosome.
What is mitosis?Chromosomes that have been duplicated are divided into two new nuclei during the cell cycle phase known as mitosis. Mitosis, the process of cell division, creates genetically identical cells with a constant number of chromosomes. Thus, equational division is another name for mitosis.
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Consider this animal cell. Which organelles are labeled g? centrioles lysosomes ribosomes mitochondria.
Animal cells are eukaryotic cells that do not have a cell wall. In labeled animal cell diagrams, G is mitochondria. So variant d is correct.
The image with the missing annotations is attached below.
What is mitochondria? Mitochondria are the major organelles of animal and plant cells, have membranes and are responsible for producing the energy needed to power cellular functions.
Biochemical reactions and processes take place in mitochondria. Mitochondria produce energy in the form of ATP and are tiny finger-like structures in the cytoplasm of cells.
Therefore, the marked organelle is option d. Mitochondria.
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Answer: D)mitochondria
Explanation: i just completed this and got 100%....Hope this helps and ty to the person above!
proteins are made up of 20 different amino acids. how many fewer amino acids would have to be used in order to have the genetic code be made up of two-letter words?
The gene that codes for the enzyme required to produce the next intermediate in the pathway is deleted. Proteins are made up of 20 different amino acids.
The genetic code contains 61 codons that specify twenty amino acids. Remember that the initiation codon is always AUG and the three stop codons are UAA, UGA, and UAG.
Each group of three consecutive nucleotides in RNA is called a codon, and each codon specifies an amino acid or a stop in the translation process. How many nucleotides are needed to code for a 450 amino acid protein? At least 1,350. In many cases, more than one codon codes for the same amino acid. Because amino acids can be arranged in many different combinations, it is possible for your body to make thousands of different types of protein from the same 21 amino acids.
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would you expect a population in which most members survive for a long time to produce few or many offspring?
I believe that populations with high survival rates have a large number of offspring for the reasons that they have long-lived genes. they mate with each other.
What is a gene?Gene, a unit of genetic information that occupies a fixed location (locus) on a chromosome. Genes achieve their effects by controlling protein synthesis.
In eukaryotes (animals, plants, fungi, etc.) genes are contained in the cell nucleus. Mitochondria (animals) and chloroplasts (plants) also contain a small subset of genes that differ from those found in the nucleus. In prokaryotes (organisms without a distinct nucleus, such as bacteria), genes are contained in a single chromosome that floats freely within the cytoplasm of the cell. Many bacteria also contain plasmids, extrachromosomal genetic elements that contain a small number of genes.
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evolution is: group of answer choices constantly occurring at the same rate in all organisms. a process that occurs as a result of differences in reproductive fitness. currently occurring only in scientific laboratories. a process that occurred only in the past.
A process that occurs as a result of differences in reproductive fitness.
Physical fitness is used to quantify reproductive success. Polygenic traits, or features influenced by various alleles of a single gene, can be affected by natural selection.
What is Reproductive fitness ?
Reproductive fitness is a measure of an individual's capacity to pass on their genes to future generations. Fitness traits, also known as life-history traits, are intricate phenotypes that are the direct focus of Darwinian selection. They include measures of fertility and mortality.
The term "reproductive fitness" refers to factors including litter size, first-mating age, litter frequency, and overall lifetime litter frequency.
The capacity of an individual to endure and procreate in its surroundings is known as reproductive fitness. Every population has evolved to be as reproductively fit as possible in a particular habitat. Additionally known as Darwinian fitness.
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52) which of these potential results of applying a metabolic poison to the rhizoids of polytrichum should interfere the least with the ability to draw valid conclusions from this experiment? a) if, upon dying, the rhizoids leak nitrogenous compounds into the soil before final nitrogen content is measured. b) if, upon dying, decomposition of the rhizoids introduces nitrogenous compounds to the soil before final nitrogen content is measured. c) if the metabolic poison is hydrogen cyanide (hcn) or sodium azide (nan3), and much of the poison remains in the soil. d) if the metabolic poison acts against the mitochondria of the rhizoid cells. e) if the metabolic poison absorbs nitrogen and strongly adheres to soil particles, acting as a sort of glue. topic: concept 29.2
if the metabolic poison acts against the mitochondria of the rhizoid cells.
Option d is correct.
Which of the following structures prevents phagocytization of bacteria?D. Cellular membrane; R. E. The capsule protects bacteria from being falsely sensitized by immune system cells of the host in any of these situations.
In what ways does the bacterial capsule inhibit phagocytosis?A bacterial cell can be shielded by capsules from white blood cells so they won't eat it and kill it (phagocytosis). Although the precise method for evading phagocytosis is unknown, it may happen because capsules increase the slickness of the bacterial surface components, which aids in the bacterium's ability to avoid being swallowed by phagocytic cells.
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As light travels through the eye, it passes through several structures or chambers before reaching the retina. Which list below gives those structures in the correct order?
cornea, pupil, anterior chamber, lens, posterior segment
The following structures make up the order in which light moves through the eye: Cornea, pupil, lens, anterior chamber, posterior segment.
What is the order in which the eye's structures transmit light?The pupil is where light travels from the cornea. The amount of light that enters your eye is controlled by the iris, or colored part of your eye. Then it hits the lens from there. The clear structure in the eye that directs light rays toward the retina is this.
From first to last, how does light travel through the eye's structures?1) Breaks through the cornea, bending the light.
2) The iris's pupil allows light to flow freely.
3) Vitreous humor carries light.
4) The retina processes light rays into impulses.
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Full Question = As light travels through the eye, it passes through several structures or chambers before reaching the retina. Which list below gives those structures in the correct order?
a) cornea, pupil, anterior chamber, lens, posterior segment
b) Cornea, pupil, lens, anterior chamber, posterior segment
c) Cornea, anterior chamber, pupil, lens, posterior segment
d) Cornea, lens, pupil, anterior chamber, posterior segment
some pathogens, such as hiv, can be transmitted both vertically and horizontally. how do you expect their virulence to compare with that of pathogens that are transmitted only horizontally or only vertically?
Some pathogens are transmitted by a single route and others by several, the more transmission routes are recorded, the more pathogens they are, in the HIV virus the transmission is vertical and horizontal therefore it has high pathogenicity, on the other hand, the varicella virus is transmitted only by inhalation.
What do you mean by HIV?
HIV is the virus that causes AIDS. It damages your immune system, making it easier for you to get sick. HIV is spread during sex, but condoms can help protect you.
HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus. It’s a virus that breaks down certain cells in your immune system (your body’s defense against diseases that helps you stay healthy). When HIV damages your immune system, it’s easier to get really sick and even die from infections that your body could normally fight off.
This is because, The vertical route is the transmission through childbirth, it is the moment in which the mother contacts the child's blood and transmits the virus, nowadays the vertical contagion of HIV is highly controlled.
On the other hand, the horizontal route is also called parenteral, it is one that consists of the inoculation of the virus through uncontrolled blood transfusions, intravenous drug addiction by syringe compartment, or uncontrolled injections.
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in living organisms, atp is the most commonly used practical form of energy. review your knowledge of the structure of atp by analyzing its components.
The most prevalent energy-carrying molecule in your body is ATP, which uses the chemical energy contained in food molecules to fuel work.
What word best defines organisms that oxidize to produce energy?Chemotrophs are living things that get their energy from the oxidation of environmental electron sources. Chemoautotrophs use inorganic energy sources to transform carbon dioxide into organic compounds. Chemoheterotrophs cannot utilise carbon dioxide to make their own organic compounds.
What provides all living things with their primary energy?The Sun is the main source of energy for all living things and the ecosystems they are a part of. Producers like plants, algae, and cyanobacteria use solar energy to transform carbon dioxide and water into organic matter. This establishes the beginning of energy transmission in almost all food webs.
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There are many type of microcope available for cientific reearch. The choice of microcope varie depending on a number of factor, including cot and pecimen ize. For thi aignment, you will analyze the level of organization in an organim (plant or animal) of interet to you. Then, you will explain how each organization level might be cientifically tudied
The level of organization that is of interest to me is in the living organism of animal and it's level of organization can be studied by the use of an electron microscope.
What is a microscope?A microscope is a device that can be used to magnify a focused object of interest through the various lens that are located in strategic places in the device.
There are various types of microscope which include the following:
Simple microscope.Compound microscope.Electron microscope.Stereomicroscope.Scanning probe microscope.The level of organization in animal include the following:
cells, tissues,organs, organ systems, and the whole organism.Because cells are involved, the type of microscope that can be used to effectively study that levels of organization in animal is the electron microscope which has the ability to create a magnified image of the structures of the animal cells.
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for the following question. match the valve of the heart with its anatomical location for auscultation.
Aortic: Right sternal boundary, second intercostal gap
Pulmonic: Left sternal boundary, second intercostal gap
Tricuspid: Lower left sternal boundary, fourth-fifth intercostal space
Mitral: Fifth intercostal space left midclavicular line
What is Auscultation?
Auscultation, which derives from the Latin verb auscultate, meaning "to listen," involves listening to bodily sounds internally while typically using a stethoscope. Auscultation is a procedure used to examine the alimentary canal as well as the respiratory and circulatory systems (heart and breath sounds).
A fine stethoscope, good listening abilities, and a lot of clinical expertise are necessary for auscultation. The heart, lungs, and gastrointestinal system are the three main organs and organ systems that healthcare professionals (doctors, nurses, etc.) listen to during auscultation.
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when celular respiration occurs in an organism the organism breathes in oxygen which is converted to
By oxidizing an electron donor and reducing oxygen, cellular respiration is an oxidative process that creates carbon dioxide, water, and energy.
Where does cellular respiration occur throughout organisms?While the majority of the cell's anaerobic (oxygen-free) and aerobic (oxygen-containing) respiration takes place in its cytoplasm and mitochondria, respectively.
Cellular respiration takes place where?Because they produce the majority of a cell's ATP, mitochondria are frequently referred to as the "powerhouses" of the cell and are where cellular respiration occurs. By dividing glucose into two molecules with three carbons each, glycolysis creates two molecules of ATP. In the cytoplasm of a cell, glycolysis takes place without the requirement for oxygen.
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elizabeth knows her blood type is a, but andy does not know his blood type. however, andy knows that his mother and father both had type a blood. elizabeth and andy's first child is a boy with type o blood. based on this information, andy's blood type could be .
Andy's blood group might be A (Heterozygous [tex]I^{A} I^{O}[/tex]) or O ( Homozygous
[tex]I^{A} I^{O}[/tex]).
Which blood type has the best health?The risk of developing heart disease is lowest in people with type O blood, out of the eight major blood types. The greatest risk is associated with blood types AB and B, which may be due to higher rates of inflammation in these blood types. For those with blood types AB and B, maintaining a heart-healthy lifestyle is especially crucial.
The rarest blood types are: B negative(B -ve), which is found in 1.5 percent of the total population. AB negative(AB -ve), which is found in 0.6 percent of the total population. AB positive(AB +ve), which is found in 3.4 percent of the total population.
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are mutations in an oncogene loss-of-function or gain-of-function and how many copes of the gene are usually mutated?
This is called a gain-of-function mutation because the cell take on a new purpose. It is one of the defining features of cancerous tumors.
Because the cell acquires a new function, this mutation is known as a gain-of-function mutation. It's one of the characteristics that makes a tumour malignant. These variations are referred to as "dominant" variations. This means that for a proto-oncogene to develop into an oncogene and cause cancer, just one copy of the gene needs to be altered. A mutation is a change or alteration brought on by intrinsic or extrinsic events, such as a replication error or exposure to UV light, in DNA, a gene, or a chromosome.
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What type of point mutations result in a frameshift mutation?.
Either the insertion or deletion of one or more additional nucleotides results in a frameshift mutation.
Any mRNA generated from a mutant DNA sequence will be read out of frame after the location of the insertion or deletion since the reading frame starts at the start site, resulting in a nonsense protein.
Frameshift mutations, which alter the ribosome reading frame and induce premature translation termination at a new nonsense or chain termination codon, are deletions or additions of 1, 2, or 4 nucleotides (TAA, TAG, and TGA). Similar to point mutations, insertions, deletions, and deletions can all result in nonsense codon alterations that obstruct translation. Most frequently, chain termination mutations cause a shorter, frequently unstable, and quickly degrading -mRNA.
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All of the following are functions of smooth muscles except:a. Heartbeatb. Breathingc. Perspirationd. Digestion please select the best answer from the choices provided. Abcd.
They evolve the control of the following functions breathing, digestion, perspiration, and urination. So option A heartbeat does not belong to this group.
Digestion is the breakdown of large insoluble food molecules into small water-soluble food molecules so that they can be absorbed into the watery blood plasma. In certain organisms, these smaller substances are absorbed through the small intestine into the bloodstream.
Digestion is the breakdown of large insoluble food molecules into small water-soluble food molecules so that they can be absorbed into the watery blood plasma. In certain organisms, these smaller substances are absorbed through the small intestine into the bloodstream.
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Match each event with the appropriate stage of transcription.The transcription bubble created by RNA polymerase moves along the DNA template.Once bound to the promoter, RNA polymerase begins to unwind the DNA The RNA-DNA hybrid within the transcription bubble dissociates. Reaching a terminator sequence causes formation of phosphodiester bonds to stop. The RNA polymerase holoenzyme is formed.RNA polymerase releases the DNA template. The RNA polymerase holoenzyme binds to the promoter. New nucleotides are added to the 3' end of the growing RNA transcript. RNA polymerase leaves the promoter. A process called clearance or escape.
Transcription is a process by which RNA is synthesized from DNA. It is carried out by the enzyme RNA polymerase.
The process is carried out in three steps – Initiation, Elongation and termination.
What steps are followed in Transcription?A holoenzyme is formed when one or more sigma factor proteins join to the RNA polymerase, allowing it to bind to promoter DNA.
The links between the RNA polymerase holoenzyme and the promoter are broken when the first bond is created in the new RNA molecule.
The transcription bubble formed by RNA polymerase separates the two strands of the DNA helix. This is accomplished by disrupting the hydrogen bonds that exist between complementary DNA nucleotide.
RNA polymerase joins complementary nucleotide of one DNA strand at the 3' OH with corresponding RNA nucleotide.
The RNA sugar-phosphate backbone produces an RNA strand with the help of RNA polymerase.
The untwisted RNA-DNA helix's hydrogen bonds dissolve, releasing the freshly produced RNA strand.
The transcription bubble created by RNA polymerase moves along the DNA template. – ElongationOnce bound to the promoter, begins to unwind the DNA – Initiation.The RNA-DNA hybrid within the transcription bubble dissociates – Termination.Reaching a terminator sequence causes formation of phosphodiester bonds to stop. – TerminationThe RNA polymerase holoenzyme is formed. – InitiationRNA polymerase releases the DNA template – Termination.RNA polymerase holoenzyme binds to the promoter – Initiation.New nucleotide are added to the 3’ end of the growing RNA transcript – Elongation.RNA polymerase leaves the promoter. – Elongation.A process called clearance or escape – Elongation.To know more about transcription refer to:
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What hormone is responsible for the fight or flight response in the alarm stage of a stress response?.
Answer: The correct answer is adrenaline.
Explanation: I hope this helps!!! : D
occasional parasitism of atypical hosts by obligate myiasis-producing flies is called (fill in the blank) myiasis.
Occasional parasitism of atypical hosts by obligate myiasis-producing flies is called incidental myiasis.
What is myiasis?A fly larva (maggot) infection in human tissue is known as myiasis. Tropical and subtropical regions are where this happens. Myiasis is uncommonly contracted in the United States; instead, most cases are brought on by travel to tropical regions of Africa and South America.
What is parasitism?In a close association between species known as parasitism, one organism—the parasite—lives on or inside another—the host—doing harm to it while being physically adapted to this mode of existence. Parasites are described as "predators that consume prey in units of fewer than one" by the entomologist E. O. Wilson.
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which of the following does not introduce dna into a bacterial cell? multiple choice transcription conjugation transduction transformation all of these introduce dna into a cell.
a)Transcription is not used to introduce DNA into a bacterial cell.
Bacterial transcription is the process by which the RNA polymerase enzyme copies a section of bacterial DNA into a freshly generated strand of messenger RNA (mRNA).
There are various ways that bacterial transcription is different from eukaryotic transcription. While transcription and translation can both happen at the same time in bacteria, in eukaryotes, transcription takes place in the nucleus and translation happens in the cytoplasm. [14] In contrast to the three varieties seen in eukaryotes, bacteria have just one type of RNA polymerase.
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What base is exclusive to DNA?.
Answer: Thymine
Explanation:
A cientit want to know whether a particular cell i round or rectangular how hould a cientit oberve the overall hape of the cell
A microscope is an instrument used to magnify small objects. Some microscopes can even be used to look at an object at the cellular level, allowing scientists to see the shape of a cell, its nucleus, mitochondria, and other organelles.
The discovery of the cell would not have been possible if it were not for advances in the microscope. Interested in learning more about the microscopic world, scientist Robert Hooke improved on the existing compound microscope design in 1665. The main factors that determine cell shape are the proteins of the cytoskeleton, the cell membrane in animal cells, and the cell wall. in plant cells. Other factors include Ψw, solute concentration, etc. The cytoskeleton organizes other components of the cell, maintains the cell's shape, and is responsible for locomotion of the cell itself and for the movement of the various organelles within it.
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mitosis is most similar to because in both stages, . choose one: a. meiosis i, sister chromatids separate. b. meiosis ii, homologous chromosomes separate. c. meiosis i, homologous chromosomes separate. d. meiosis ii, sister chromatids separate.
Sister chromatids separate in both stages, making meiosis II and mitosis most similar to one another. Sister chromatids split during meiosis II and mitosis.
What other cell cycle is most like mitosis?As opposed to meiosis I, where the chiasma connecting two homologous chromosomes lines up on the metaphasal equator, meiosis II aligns the centromere between two sister chromatids on the equator.
DNA duplication occurs during both meiosis and mitosis in a cell. Each chromosome, or strand of DNA, is replicated and kept connected, creating two sister chromatids for each chromosome. Meiosis and mitosis both aim to divide the nucleus and its DNA content between two daughter cells.
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lymphatic vessels (a) serve as sites for immune surveillance, (b) filter lymph, (c) transport leaked plasma proteins and fluids to the cardiovascular system, (d) are represented by vessels that resemble arteries, capillaries, and veins.
