What was the most significant consequence of the ruling in Baker v Carr?.

Speculation rule of evidence would an attorney break if they were to ask a witness to predict what would have happened had the defendant behaved differently.

About Speculation

Any subject that the witness has had no firsthand knowledge is off limits for testimony. A witness may only testify about an event that they have personally witnessed. Before such a witness can testify regarding an issue, they must first demonstrate personal knowledge of it.

It is not permitted to speculate or offer someone else's theory as to what might have occurred. A witness cannot draw inferences based only on what they saw or heard. An example would be asking a witness if he saw Kelly on Saturday.

Because the evidence is not regarded as trustworthy or true, speculation is indeed a legal justification for opposing to witness testimony for reasons related to the argumentative objection.

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Information that can be downloaded is made available to potential franchisees by Soup Factory, Inc. via their website. This digital material resembles an offer and as such must adhere to the FTC's franchise rule.

A franchisor proposing or selling a franchise in the United States of America is required by the Federal Trade Commission's (FTC) Franchise Rule to disclose all material information about the franchise to the potential franchisee.

According to the Rule, a disclosure document containing 23 particular pieces of information about the proposed franchise, its executives, and other franchisees must be given to every prospective franchisee.

Hospitals, colleges, and airports are common franchisees that are eligible for this exemption. The potential franchisee must meet two requirements in order to be eligible for the exemption: (1) operate their firm for at least five years; and (2) have a net worth of at least $6,165,500.

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It is False that the state and local income taxes imposed on an individual are deductible only as itemized deductions, even if the taxpayer's sole source of income is from a business.

SALT stands for state and local tax and is commonly related to the federal income tax deduction for state and local taxes offered to taxpayers who itemize deductions. In 2017, a $10,000 cap was imposed on the formerly unlimited SALT deduction, effective for tax years beginning in 2018 and continuing through 2025. The limitation on the deduction has prompted continuing political debate with high-income individuals and officials in states with high taxes, leading to intense opposition.  

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The main job of a lobbyist is to act as a source of information. They are required to narrow down and condense the vast amounts of material on any given topic.

communicating with team members and clients the communications and replies of the government and other stakeholders. studying and researching proposed laws and regulations. attending meetings and activities, such as hearings before Congress. educating corporate officers and government authorities.

In the legal sense of the word, a lobbyist is a professional, frequently a lawyer. Lobbyists act as liaisons between client groups and lawmakers, outlining to legislators the goals of their clients' organizations and outlining to clients the challenges that legislators encounter.

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Having read with great pleasure a pamphlet that you have recently published," wrote Wollstonecraft in her dedication to Talleyrand in the Rights of Woman.

I dedicate this volume to you; to induce you to reconsider the subject, and maturely weigh what I have advanced concerning the rights of woman and national education. The issue of women's rights became a focal point of political discussions in both France and Britain after French feminist Olympe de Gouges released her Declaration of the Rights of Woman and of the Female Citizen at the end of 1791.The points made by Wollstonecraft in The Rights of Men are expanded upon in The Rights of Woman. As implied by the title, she addresses the rights of specific men British men of the eighteenth century in The Rights of Men.

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The main power of the President in the event of a tie in the Senate, the president would cast the deciding vote.

There are situations when the Senate's jurisdiction exceeds that of the President or the House of Representatives. The Senate has the authority to impeach the President if they behave improperly.

The requirements for the president's interaction with the Senate were The president can also appoint ambassadors, American officers, and judges to federal courts with the advice and permission of the Senate. He also serves as the military's supreme commander. The president has the authority to veto legislation that has been approved by Congress.

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True, to increase revenue, the provincial government of Saskatchewan has decided to open up millions of acres of previously unavailable land, and to rent it to farmers. At the same time, world corn prices increase.

Which factor will determine how many acres of land to rent?

Given that,

To increase the revenue, the provincial government of Saskatchewan has decided to open up millions of acres of previously unavailable land.

In competitive market as this is shown to be, people will rent until the marginal revenue product from land is equal to the rental rates.

Therefore, the attached graph provides a clearer idea.

What is a revenue?

In the context of accounting, revenue refers to the total income from sales of products and services that are directly connected to the company's core operations. Sales or turnover are two more terms for commercial revenue. Interest, royalties, and other fees are sources of income for some businesses. The term "revenue" can refer to income in general or to the sum, expressed in money terms, received during a certain period of time, as in "Last year, Company X had revenue of $42 million." Profits or net income often refer to total revenue less total costs for a specific time period. Due to its prominence at the top of the income statement, revenue is sometimes referred to as the "top line" in accounting. Revenue is a component of the Equity section in the balance statement and raises equity. Compared to the "bottom line," which represents net income, this is to be compared (gross revenues minus total expenses).

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TRUE/FALSE. to increase revenue, the provincial government of saskatchewan has decided to open up millions of acres of previously unavailable land, and to rent it to farmers. at the same time, world corn prices increase.

As a result of Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission, limitations on independent campaign expenditure by any group are no longer effective. These restrictions forbade businesses and labor unions from utilizing their funds for electoral purposes.

The court found that, in this case, the anti-corruption interest is not strong enough to overcome Citizens United's protection of free speech and that independent expenditures, including those made by corporations, do not lead to corruption or the appearance of impropriety.

2009 saw the argument and 2010 the decision. The First Amendment's freedom of expression provision forbids the government from limiting independent expenditures for political campaigns by companies, including nonprofit organizations, labor unions, and other associations, the Supreme Court ruled on a 5-4 vote.

In this case, the court ultimately found that the anti-corruption interest is not strong enough to overcome Citizens United's restrictions on some forms political speech and that independent expenditures, such as those made by corporations, do not lead to corruption or the appearance of impropriety.

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The First Amendment's freedom of expression provision forbids the government from limiting independent expenditures supporting political campaigns by companies, including nonprofit organizations, labor unions, as well as other associations, the Supreme Court ruled on a 5-4 vote.

As used in this context, "opinions" refers to a variety of writings by the Justices. The Court's opinions that are made public or announced in instances where it has heard oral arguments are the most well-known. Each explains the Court's decision and its justification.

According to Supreme Court tradition, the Justice with the shortest tenure votes first, followed by the Justices in ascending order by seniority. The Chief Justice has the option to vote yes or no in the outcome. A tie is acceptable for the purposes of this simulation.

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Typically, sales of cigarettes, motor gasoline, airline tickets, and other goods and services are subject to a federal excise tax.

The sale of products and services including fuel, airline tickets, big trucks and highway tractors, indoor tanning, tires, cigarettes, and other items is typically subject to federal excise tax.

Cigarettes, alcohol, soda, gasoline, insurance premiums, amusement activities, and betting are among the common items subject to excise taxes. These taxes normally represent a tiny and unstable fraction of state and local tax collections, and to a lesser extent, federal tax revenues.

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Guaranteeing more partnership debt could increase a partner's basis in the partnership, allowing that partner to deduct additional suspended losses.

You may learn how to handle debts when you manage a partnership in this fact sheet. In a partnership, two or more people run a business together in an effort to turn a profit. Partnership Any debt the Partnership incurs for borrowed funds is referred to as debt.

A partner's adjusted basis in a partnership interest is not increased by cash distributions from the partnership made to the partner.

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Each new Congress's Speaker is chosen by a small minority of the newly elected Representatives from a group of candidates chosen separately by the majority- and minority-party caucuses. These people are chosen by the members of their respective parties at the organizing caucuses held immediately after the election of the current Congress.

Although they don't have to be elected House members, all candidates for speaker must receive the support of their fellow MPs. It merely states that the House "shall choose their Speaker and other offices" in Article I, Section II of the Constitution. The chamber has only ever chosen one of its own members to be speaker, but anyone is eligible. Former Secretary of State Colin Powell and Kentucky Senator Rand Paul both won votes for speaker earlier this year. A majority of the votes cast by the present and voting members of the House are required. This means that even though a majority in the House is 218 votes, a speaker could be elected with fewer votes if a number of members are absent.

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Each new Congress's Speaker is chosen by a small minority of the newly elected Representatives from a group of candidates chosen separately by the majority- and minority-party caucuses. These people are chosen by the members of their respective parties at the organizing caucuses held immediately after the election of the current Congress.

Although they don't have to be elected House members, all candidates for speaker must receive the support of their fellow MPs. It merely states that the House "shall choose their Congress's Speaker  and other offices" in Article I, Section II of the Constitution. The chamber has only ever chosen one of its own members to be speaker, but anyone is eligible. Former Secretary of State Colin Powell and Kentucky Senator Rand Paul both won votes for speaker earlier this year. A majority of the votes cast by the present and voting members of the House are required. This means that even though a majority in the House is 218 votes, a speaker could be elected with fewer votes if a number of members are absent.

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Despite warnings from his friends to be cautious, Hamlet heeds the Ghost's call to follow and continues into the night.

The ghost is encountered by Hamlet and his pals. Hamlet, Horatio, and Marcellus are on patrol at the castle when they come across the ghost, who is obviously interested in speaking with Hamlet. Hamlet departs with the ghost for a private conversation despite the objections of his comrades. The ghost responds by indicating for Hamlet to follow it. Although Marcellus and Horatio advise Hamlet not to follow the ghost, Hamlet insists that he will do so because he has nothing to lose and doesn't value his life at all.

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True, Communities were disproportionately affected by the Reagan administration's tougher crack cocaine punishments compared to powder cocaine.

The fight against crack cocaine was started by the Reagan administration. Federal punishments for crack cocaine possession are 18 to 1 more severe than those for powder cocaine possession.

Given that it is far more affordable to create, crack cocaine was used more frequently in low socioeconomic areas, mainly among minority people. Because powdered cocaine was substantially more expensive, it was mostly used by upper-class white Americans who were less likely to be heavily policed and more likely to get lenient punishment if they were found guilty of a drug-related crime.

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The primacy effect persists due to belief-adjustment model where initial information affects the conclusion one draws, and this conclusion then impacts later judgments.

The sequence in which information is presented affects how audiences form opinions in persuasive communication. The law of primacy in persuasion, also referred to as a primacy effect, was proposed by Frederick Hansen Lund in 1925 and states that the side of an argument that is offered first will be more persuasive than the side that is presented afterwards. The belief-adjustment model was presented by Hogarth and Einhorn (1992) in an effort to foretell the circumstances in when and the precise nature of order effects. Early knowledge creates an initial impression, or anchor, in the words of Hogarth and Einhorn. As fresh data is processed, this anchor is then modified. In accordance with the kind of mental processing that is applied to the new information, this model predicts order effects. The model forecasts primacy effects for processing that takes place at the end of a sequence, or after all the information has been presented. When adjusting the original piece of information, subsequent bits of information are combined with the initial piece to generate an aggregate. As a result, the first item of information is given a higher weight than later components, creating a primacy effect.

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Because of increasing accounting scandals, the legislation which was created by new government reporting standards for publicly traded companies is Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

Sarbanes-Oxley Act (2002), was a federal law the U.S. Congress passed on July 30 of that year to help protect U.S. investors from fraudulent financial reporting by corporations. This law mandated a strict reforms to existing securities regulations and imposed tough new penalties on lawbreakers.

Effectively, this Sarbanes-Oxley Act came in response to financial scandals in the early 2000s involving the publicly traded companies such as Enron Corporation, Tyco International plc, and WorldCom. These high-profile frauds shook the investors confidence in the trustworthiness of corporate financial statements and led many to demand an overhaul of decades-old regulatory standards.

In conclusion, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act also added a new criminal penalties for violating securities laws.

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The Total present value of tax savings from the tax deduction if made this year will be: $1509

Total present value of tax savings from the tax deduction if made next year will be: $34113.34

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Question

Ramon had an AGI of $165,000 in 2023. he is considering making a charitable contribution this year to the American heart association, a qualified charitable organization. determine the current allowable charitable contribution deduction in each of the following independent situations, and indicate the treatment for any amount that is not deductible currently. identify any planning ideas to minimize Ramon's tax liability. question content area a. a cash gift of $82,500. in the current year, Ramon may deduct $ _______ 1 since his charitable contribution is limited to $ ________ 2 . question content area b. a gift of oak co stock worth $82,500 on the contribution date. Ramon had acquired the stock as an investment two years ago at a cost of $74,250. the stock's value for determining the contribution is $_____________1 . the deduction for 2023 is    2 . the remaining $ 3 for__________ 5 years. question content area c. a gift of a painting worth $82,500 that ramon purchased three years ago for $74,250. the charity has indicated that it would sell the painting to generate cash to fund medical research. the contribution is valued at $__________ 1 . the amount deductible in the current year is $__________ 2 . question content area d. ramon has decided to make a cash gift to the american heart association of $115,500. however, he is considering delaying his gift until the following year when his agi will increase to $300,000 and he will be in the 32% income tax bracket, an increase from his 2023 income tax bracket of 24%. assume a 6% discount rate. the present value factors, at a 6% discount rate, are as follows: year pv factor at 6%  if required, round your final answers to the nearest dollar. Ramon asks you to determine the tax savings from the tax deduction in present value terms if he were to make the gift this year, rather than delay the gift until next year. total present value of tax savings from the tax deduction if made this year: $fill in the blank __________1 total present value of tax savings from the tax deduction if made next year:

Hamlet by William Shakespeare has retribution as one of its main themes. Young Hamlet, Laertes, and Fortinbras all desired retribution for the tragic deaths of their fathers.

Despite the fact that "Hamlet" is generally thought of as a tragedy of retribution, it is actually quite an odd one. The main character of the play spends the majority of the time contemplating it rather than exacting revenge.

In addition to Polonius, Laertes, Ophelia, Gertrude, and Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, Hamlet's failure to pursue retribution for the murder of his father results in the deaths of several notable characters. Hamlet is tortured by his ambivalence and inability to put Claudius, the person who murdered his father, to death throughout the entire play.

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As a security director, you have additional duties to watch over all security-related issues in a company while adhering to OSHA regulations.

OSHA claims that these regulations only apply to businesses operating within the United States. The security director's primary responsibility is hazardous prevention, control, and response. To prevent a major tragedy, it is important to identify the environment that poses risks and take any necessary action. Every piece of equipment and the working staff should be insured. According to the working environment, the employees should receive medical attention.

Another regulation is accident investigation. Accidents should be prevented, but if they do occur, the director is ultimately responsible for handling them. In the beginning, a police report should be filed, and the impacted personnel should receive proper care. Once the accident's cause has been identified, take quick action to ensure that it won't happen again.

Personal protective equipment regulation. In order to keep the workers safe, it must be ensured that they use this type of equipment. People handling radiation should receive training on how to utilize lead shields as well as maintenance.

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Litigants look for compensation for small-scale wrongs that don't always affect society as a whole. A civil jury consists of at least six individuals. Unless otherwise stated, the jury must reach a unanimous decision.

A civil jury is a panel of ordinary individuals who hear civil law cases alongside a judge. After the trial, the jury determines whether the lawsuit has merit, and if they decide the person who filed the complaint is right, they may decide to award damages. Conflicts between people or businesses over money or some infringement on personal rights are the focus of "civil" court procedures.

In many civil cases, the "plaintiff," or one person or entity, asserts that they have suffered harm as a result of the actions of the "defendant," or another person or entity.

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By casting your vote, you have the opportunity to select the candidate you believe would be a suitable representative and leader for your nation as well as contribute to its improved development and governance.

The 3 main factors that affect voter

By casting a ballot, you may decide who will represent your neighborhood in national politics. The successful candidate will oversee society and answer to you. A balance of power between the government and the populace may be preserved through the democratic voting process.

The following are crucial variables to consider when projecting voter turnout: Education Voters are more inclined to cast ballots the more education they have. Age Of all age categories, middle-aged individuals vote at the greatest rates. Income The likelihood of voting frequently increases with affluence.

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The historic civil rights case's unanimous decision was given by Chief Justice Earl Warren. Public school segregation that was authorised by the state was against the 14th Amendment & hence unconstitutional.

The 14th Chief Justice of a U. S., Earl Warren, was an American lawyer, jurist, and politician who presided over the country from 1953 until 1969. With Warren writing the popular views in historic judgments like Brown v. Board of Education, Reynolds v. Sims, and others, the Warren Court ruled over a significant movement in American constitutional law that many have referred to as the "Constitutional Revolution" inside the liberal direction (1964). Warren served as the chairman of a Warren Commission, a presidency panel that looked into the killing of President John F. Kennedy in 1963.

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A quantifiable obligation resulting from agreements, contracts, or laws is referred to as a known liability. All of the following would be considered known liabilities, with the exception of Warranties.

Debts that a corporation has little doubt about are known liabilities. The business is aware of who has to be paid, how much, and when. Frequently, known liabilities are derived from contracts, agreements, or legal provisions.

Liabilities that result from transactions or occurrences with minimal to no ambiguity are known liabilities. These liabilities are quantifiable and created by agreements, contracts, or regulations.

Accounts payable, sales tax payable, payroll liabilities, and contracted notes payable are the most typical known liabilities. All of these debts are the result of contracts, agreements, or legal obligations that specify the amount owed, to whom the money is owed, and to whom the company is obligated.

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Answer:warranties

Explanation:

There are 435 members in the House of Representatives.

On June 11, 1929, the House approved the Permanent Apportionment Act of 1929, which set the number of Representatives at 435. The U.S. Constitution mandated that each state have a minimum of one representative and a maximum of one representative for every 30,000 citizens. The population of a state determined the size of its House delegation as a result. However, the founders did not specify how big future Congresses should be or how to redistribute the House following each federal census. Congress struggled with these issues throughout most of its existence as the number of American territory increased. The House typically redistributed itself in a way that boosted, or at least maintained, the representation of the majority of states. But over time, the apportionment calculation process led to smaller rural states losing representation to larger metropolitan states.

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The Chief Justice and eight Associate Justices are among the Supreme Court's current nine justices. The Full Court has had 104 Associate Justices throughout its history, 

A court of law that is sitting with more judges than usual is said to be in "full court." A full court consists of three or more judges for a court that is typically presided over by one judge; for a court that typically consists of a bench of three judges, such as many appellate courts, a full court consists of a bench of five judges. The phrase was first used in England, but it appears to have mostly lost favor there, where multi-judge panels in the High Court of England and Wales are now referred to by the more formal term "divisional court." However, many other Commonwealth nations, including Australia,

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The Chief Justice and eight Associate Justices are among the Supreme Court's current nine justices. The Full Court has had 104 Associate Justices throughout its history,

A court of law that is sitting with more judges than usual is said to be in "full court." A full court consists of three or more judges for a court that is typically presided over by one judge; for a court that typically consists of a bench of three judges, such as many appellate courts, a full court consists of a bench of five judges. The phrase was first used in England, but it appears to have mostly lost favor there, where multi-judge panels in the High Court of England and Wales are now referred to by the more formal term "divisional court." However, many other Commonwealth nations, including Australia,

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Making a Naturalization process. Filing an Application for Naturalization and paying the filing fee is the first step in becoming a citizen of the United States. appointment for biometrics. Exam and Interview for Citizenship swearing of allegiance.

A legal standing and relationship between a person and a state that includes particular legal obligations and rights. Typically, citizenship and nationality are used interchangeably (see: nationality). Citizenship is a need for having all political rights, including the ability to vote and hold public office. Allegiance, taxes, and military duty are the typical obligations of citizenship. The most privileged type of nationality is citizenship. Relationship. While the terms "citizenship" and "nationality" are occasionally used synonymously, this is more for political reasons than a lack of distinction between the two. The most well-known example of this is when "nationality" is used to refer to state citizenship (as in nationality law).

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The officer needs no other authority or justification than department policy.

We may be pulled over by the police and asked to submit to a breath test. When they believe we are driving after drinking, they act in this manner.

Without a valid reason, we risk being arrested if we refuse to take the breathalyser. Results of the breath test are available right away.

In the event of a traffic infraction, such as exceeding the speed limit, running a red light, or driving without our driver's licence and vehicle papers, a traffic police officer has the right to take our vehicle.

If a traffic officer determines that we have committed a traffic infraction, such as driving while intoxicated or using an illegal substance, they have the right to arrest us without a warrant.

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An employee who has allegedly been wrongfully terminated, has a duty to mitigate by seeking new employment if available in order to avoid damages resulting from the alleged breach by the employer

Duty to mitigate is a party's obligation to make reasonable efforts to limit the harm they suffer from another party's actions. Parties have a duty to mitigate in both torts and breaches of contracts.

   This implies that when an employee has been allegedly terminated from his/her employment wrongfully and has sued the employer to wrongful termination (damages), he/she has the obligation  to reduce their damages.

 Furthermore, the affected persons duty is not to prevent the other person from causing you losses instead what  is required is that you take reasonable steps to reduce your losses.

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Miranda's confession could not be used as evidence by the prosecution in a criminal trial, the Supreme Court held in the Miranda case.

The Supreme court is the highest judiciary body in the country which evaluates whether the laws are practiced properly or not. It helps to check the activities that are unconstitutional in the country and take strict actions against them.

As Miranda had not been informed of his rights to a lawyer and against self-incrimination by the police, the Supreme Court held in the Miranda case that the prosecution could not utilize Miranda's statement as evidence at trial.

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While the House is in session, any member of the House of Representatives may introduce a bill by simply placing it in the "hopper" next to the clerk's desk in the House Chamber.

The bill, which may have an unlimited number of co-sponsoring Members, shall bear the signature of the sponsor. The Clerk gives the bill a legislative number and refers it to the committee of jurisdiction, which is the body tasked with reviewing the legislation. Over twenty permanent committees make up the House of Representatives, which divides its work among them.

A bill is frequently sent to one or more of its specialist subcommittees for examination, hearings, changes, and approval once it is introduced and referred to the committee of authority.

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A system of rules, regulations, courses of action, and financial priorities about a certain topic that have been established by a governmental body or its representatives is known as public policy.

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