What would be the result of a cell that completed mitosis but did not successfully complete cytokinesis?

A-Two genetically different daughter cells

B-One large cell with two nuclei

C -One daughter cell with two nuclei and one with no nucleus

D-Two genetically identical daughter cells

Large browridges, a long, low, and wide base, as well as thick bones, are all characteristics of the Homo erectus cranium.

The auditory bulla of otic capsule, which is variously fused, imbedded, or connected to the skulls of vertebrates, houses the inner and middle ear systems. We can learn a lot about an animal's environmental adaptations from its morphology, or the variances for how these attachments have evolved.

According to the investigation, which was reported in the Proceedings of the National Academy od Sciences, those that ingested dairy and cereals had slight alterations in their skull shape. One of the main chewing muscles, the temporalis, altered position and shrank as humans migrated toward agriculture.

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Regarding the nervous system, stress will cause the sympathetic nervous system to become active, which in turn causes the adrenal glands to become active. After the acute stress-induced crisis has passed, the parasympathetic nervous system aids in the body's recuperation.

the area of the neurological system in charge of hormone production and glandular and muscle movements in internal organs (including the heart, blood vessels, lungs, stomach, and intestines) (such as salivary glands and sweat glands).

Circulation and heart systems: The autonomic nervous system regulates blood vessel size and the rate and force with which your heart beats. Your autonomic system uses those skills to assist regulate your blood pressure and heart rate.

The paraventricular nucleus in the hypothalamus is the primary brain region responsible for the autonomic nervous system's central regulation.

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True: the reticular layer of the dermis is composed of dense irregular collagenous connective tissue and it houses such structures as the sebaceous glands and sweat glands.

The dermis is made up primarily of the reticular layer, which is the deep layer and forms a thick layer of dense connective tissue. Blood veins, nerve endings, hair follicles, and glands are all located in the dermis. Therefore, the given statement is true. The sweat produced by the sweat glands helps to maintain thermoregulation.

The fibroblast-produced protein called collagen serves as the glue that keeps the dermis together. Skin cells called fibroblasts are responsible for the durability and tenacity of the skin. A strong, insoluble protein called collagen is present in the connective tissues that hold muscles and organs in place throughout the body.

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The statement is false that the same type of B cell that fought the pathogen that causes flu will fight the pathogen that causes strep throat.

Flu is a type of viral infection that infects the respiratory system of the body. The virus responsible for flu is influenza virus. These can be inhaled in the form of tiny droplets. The symptoms of the disease are: fever, chills, muscle aches, cough, congestion, runny nose, headaches, etc.

B cells are the type of lymphocytes that provide the humoral adaptive type of immunity. B cells are highly specific in nature and each type of B cell recognizes one specific type of antigen and fights against it.

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Fruit flies develop eye in the middle of a leg (c) When Ey gene is introduced into cells that would normally give rise to a leg, transcription regulators used to control its expression in leg are different from that of Ey expression in the eye.

Process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA is called transcription. The segments of DNA transcribed in RNA molecules that encode proteins produce mRNA. Other segments of DNA are copied in RNA molecules which is called non-coding RNAs. mRNA comprises of only 1–3% of the total RNA samples.

The goal of transcription is to make RNA copy of a DNA sequence of gene and for protein-coding gene,  RNA transcript carries information needed to build a polypeptide.

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An estimated 5% of bass taken during the competition perish, and a further 23% perish after being released, for a total mortality of 28%. Thus, option C is correct.

22 percent of these fish are re-caught after being released. They will experience a further 28 percent mortality rate if they are discovered in another tournament.

According to research, small mouth populations can suffer from angler harvest, flooding, and drought, with the latter having the most negative effects.

Therefore, There would be more minnows in the water. Small fish consume algae in a straightforward food chain, bigger fish eat the smaller fish, and bears eat the bigger fish.

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In "Are the risks of derivatives manageable", Thomas a. Bass posits that market failures were due in part to mismanagement of derivative investments and in which he recommends widespread regulation of derivatives or a complete ban. Hence, option A.

A securities is considered a derivative if its price is based on, or derived from, one or more underlying assets (such as interest rate, stocks, commodity, etc.). It is a contract between (at least) two parties based on the asset(s), and its value is determined by changes in the underlying asset.

Although derivatives are useful for hedging risks, they also create hazards that must be handled like any financial products. Thomas A. Bass contends that improper management of derivatives investments is the root of market failure and urges that derivatives be strictly controlled or outlawed.

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Question correction:

In are the risks of derivatives manageable?, thomas a. Bass posits that market failures were due in part to mismanagement of derivative investments. What does he recommend?

A. Bass recommends widespread regulation of derivatives or a complete ban.

B. Bass recommends further use of derivatives as a source of investment for banks and hedge funds.

C. Bass recommends a safety net for banks who fail due to their use of derivatives, citing the ethical nature of the investment.

D. Bass recommends implementing aggressive strategies to maximize returns in managing investments of wealthy private investors.

Answer:

B. Dolphins

E. Moonflowers

Explanation:

Asexual production replicates via mitosis and produces offspring with the same genetic material as the parent.

Meiosis is how sexual reproducing organisms pass on their information. Meiosis requires the combination of two parent cells that merge their genetic information to produce a unique offspring containing DNA from both parents.

Total calories in one cup of soft-serve ice cream that contains 38 g of carbohydrate, 11 g of protein, and 18 g of fat is 358 calories.

The nutrition facts given in the problem:

Carbohydrate supplies 4 calories per gram.

Protein supplies 4 calories per gram.

Fat supplies 9 calories per gram.

The soft-serve ice cream contains:

- 38 g of carbohydrate

- 11 g of protein

- 18 g of fat

Multiply each constituent with its energy content:

Energy from carbohydrate = 38 x 4 = 152 calories

Energy from protein = 11 x 4 = 44 calories

Energy from fat = 18 x 9 = 162 calories

Hence, energy total in the ice cream is 152 + 44 + 162 = 358 calories.

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One way in which primates have a different way of vision than other animals is that primates have overlapping vision fields.

Compared with many other animals, primates have more closely spaced, forward-facing eyes that allow for a lot of overlap between each eye's visual field, which in turn gives primates 3-D, or stereoscopic, vision and a good sense of depth perception.

This gives a wider field of view. For example, humans have a maximum horizontal field of view of approximately 190 degrees with two eyes, approximately 120 degrees of which makes up the binocular field of view (seen by both eyes). It also allows a creature with this type of vision to see more of, or all of, an object behind an obstacle.

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Inversion results if a fragment of a chromosome breaks off and then reattaches to the original chromosome at the same place, but in the reverse direction.

So, the correct option is C.

An inverted DNA sequence is one that has been broken off from a chromosome, reversed against the native genetic sequence that was previously present in the genome, and then reattached. It leads to the chromosomal anomaly known as inversion. A chromosome breaks in two places and the resultant piece of DNA is reversed and reinserted into the chromosome. This is known as an inversion. The chromosomal breaks might result in the loss or gain of genetic material.

A chromosomal inversion is a rearrangement in which one end of a chromosome is flipped from the other. When a single chromosome breaks and rearranges itself, it results in an inversion. Paracentric and pericentric inversions are the two sorts.

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It has been challenging to research due to the cell's size. We have a variety of methods in which we are able to produce things that work similarly to cells.

All biological things are constructed from simple units called cells. Millions of billions of cells make up the human body. They provide the body structure, absorb nutrients from the diet, transform those nutrients into energy, and perform certain tasks.. Numerous, maybe even thousands, of tiny, unique structures known as organelles are found in the cytoplasm, which is made up of complex arrangements of microscopic fibers.

Research is "creative and systematic work undertaken" in order to advance the corpus of knowledge. It comprises the objective collecting, organization, and analysis of information to increase understanding of a topic or circumstance.. An extension of earlier work in the topic could be the focus of a research study.

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The feature of bone development of fish and reptiles which is different from that of humans is that structures such as jaw is formed from several bones being joined together while humans have only a single bone forming it.

This is referred to as the living tissues which make up the skeleton and are important as they protect and provide structural integrity to the cells of the body.

The jaw of fish and reptiles  are formed from several bones being joined together while humans have only a single bone forming this type of structure which is one of the differences.

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Amoxicillin is the greatest predictor of cross-reactivity with a cephalosporin in a patient with a confirmed penicillin allergy.

Healthcare professionals often overestimate cross-reactivity linking penicillin and Cephalosporins. The device of cross-reactivity was previously believed to be related to a common β-lactam ring, but new evidence suggests it is instead related to the split of identical R-group side chains. Penicillin and cephalosporins exhibit limited and incomplete cross-reactivity of up to 7% which may be related to the 'cohort' of cephalosporin. 1 In clinical practice it is not uncommon for cephalosporins to be given to penicillin-allergic patients, especially if the history of penicillin reaction was not life.

So we can conclude that cross-reactivity between penicillin and cephalosporins occurs when the R1 side chain is identical as formerly reported.

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In this case, the number of cells at each stage of cell division represents the dependent variable, the time spent in each cycle is the independent variable and the controlled variable may be presented by the media that contain all cells.

A  dependent experimental variable (such as in this case the number of cells on a specific phase of the cell cycle) can be defined as any experimental condition that is modified by the change in the independient variable (in this case time is the independent variable).

Moreover, controlled variables are all those conditions that are maintained in equal conditions for all experimental treatments such as for example, the media used to grow cells.

Therefore, with this data, we can see that the dependent experimental variable changes due to the modification suffered by the independent variable.

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Similarities and differences between sheep and Human brain:

Similarities:

The sheep brain is similar to the human brain in having two brain stems, two optic nerves and two hemispheres.

Differences:

Compared to a sheep's brain, the human brain is larger and heavier. In comparison to the human brain, the olfactory bulb is more developed in the sheep's brain. The shape of the sheep's brain is elongated, whereas the human brain is spherical. The frontal lobe of the human brain is bigger than that of the sheep's brain. The main distinction between the human and sheep brains is that humans can use their brains to think, innovate, but sheep cannot.

Over the course of dissection structures visualizes include; cerebrum, cerebellum, brain stem, Hypothalamus, Pituitary gland, Pineal gland, Thalamus etc.

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Answer:

DNA is a dynamic and adaptable molecule. As such, the nucleotide sequences found within it are subject to change as the result of a phenomenon called mutation. Depending on how a particular mutation modifies an organism's genetic makeup, it can prove harmless, helpful, or even hurtful. Sometimes, a mutation may even cause dramatic changes in the physiology of an affected organism. Of course, in order to better understand the varying effects of mutations, it is first necessary to understand what mutations are and how they occur.

Where do mutations occur?

Mutations can be grouped into two main categories based on where they occur: somatic mutations and germ-line mutations. Somatic mutations take place in non-reproductive cells. Many kinds of somatic mutations have no obvious effect on an organism, because genetically normal body cells are able to compensate for the mutated cells. Nonetheless, certain other mutations can greatly impact the life and function of an organism. For example, somatic mutations that affect cell division (particularly those that allow cells to divide uncontrollably) are the basis for many forms of cancer.

Germ-line mutations occur in gametes or in cells that eventually produce gametes. In contrast with somatic mutations, germ-line mutations are passed on to an organism's progeny. As a result, future generations of organisms will carry the mutation in all of their cells (both somatic and germ-line).

What kinds of mutations exist?

Mutations aren't just grouped according to where they occur — frequently, they are also categorized by the length of the nucleotide sequences they affect. Changes to short stretches of nucleotides are called gene-level mutations, because these mutations affect the specific genes that provide instructions for various functional molecules, including proteins. Changes in these molecules can have an impact on any number of an organism's physical characteristics. As opposed to gene-level mutations, mutations that alter longer stretches of DNA (ranging from multiple genes up to entire chromosomes) are called chromosomal mutations. These mutations often have serious consequences for affected organisms. Because gene-level mutations are more common than chromosomal mutations, the following sections focus on these smaller alterations to the normal genetic sequence.

Base substitutions are the simplest type of gene-level mutation, and they involve the swapping of one nucleotide for another during DNA replication. For example, during replication, a thymine nucleotide might be inserted in place of a guanine nucleotide. With base substitution mutations, only a single nucleotide within a gene sequence is changed, so only one codon is affected.

Although a base substitution alters only a single codon in a gene, it can still have a significant impact on protein production. In fact, depending on the nature of the codon change, base substitutions can lead to three different subcategories of mutations. The first of these subcategories consists of missense mutations, in which the altered codon leads to insertion of an incorrect amino acid into a protein molecule during translation; the second consists of nonsense mutations, in which the altered codon prematurely terminates synthesis of a protein molecule; and the third consists of silent mutations, in which the altered codon codes for the same amino acid as the unaltered codon.

A schematic shows 29 nucleotides arranged to form a partially double-stranded segment of DNA, with 16 nucleotides in the top strand and 13 nucleotides in the bottom strand. Grey horizontal cylinders represent deoxyribose sugar molecules, and blue, red, green, and orange vertical rectangles represent the chemical identity of each nitrogenous base. An extra nucleotide has been added to the replicating strand because of a misalignment of base pairs.

Figure 2: During an insertion mutation, the replicating strand \"slips\" or forms a wrinkle, which causes the extra nucleotide to be incorporated.

Using the theories of genes, we find that gene flow is the example of discovery in which black wolves got their coat color from exchanging genes with dogs.

In biology, actually word gene can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is the  basic unit of heredity and the molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in the DNA that is transcribed to produce a functional RNA. There are basically two types of molecular genes: protein-coding genes and noncoding genes.

During the gene expression, the DNA is first copied into RNA. The RNA can be directly functional or be  actually intermediate template for a protein that performs a function. The transmission of the genes to an organism's offspring is the basis of the inheritance of the phenotypic traits. These genes make up different DNA sequences called the genotypes.

Hence, discovery by biologists that black wolves got their coat color from exchanging genes with dogs is an example of gene flow.

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To make sure that they could reproduce the results in their own laboratory, Kohler and Lipton started by repeating a previous experiment.

The experimental research is a methodical and scientific approach to study where the researcher manipulates one or more variables, controls the change in other variables, and assesses the change. When repeating a previous experiment, Kohler and Lipton may be trying to reproduce the results already known in their own laboratory. If the results were produced same, they would be more confident about the experiment. Or if the result was not the same, they would have derived a new explanation for the scientific hypothesis.

A hypothesis is often accepted as true or rejected as erroneous based on the outcomes of scientific evaluation. Even theories that have been proven accurate by scientific evidence are, however, subject to later rejection when new data becomes available since a hypothesis is intrinsically falsifiable.

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Exposure UV radiation have a high negative effect on reproductive success.

On live cells, ultraviolet light has several detrimental effects. A living cell exposed to UV light for an extended period of time frequently experiences changes in how the cell works as well as gene changes that result in cancer.

Sometimes, if it comes into touch with human skin, it usually results in rashes, ulcers, itching, burning, and redness.

What is reproductive success?

The number of offspring a person produces during a breeding event or lifetime is referred to as reproductive success. This is not constrained by the quantity of offspring one individual produces, but also by the ability of these offspring to reproduce.

What are UV radiations?

The sun and artificial sources, such tanning beds, both emit ultraviolet (UV) radiation, a type of non-ionizing radiation.

UV radiation overexposure can cause major health problems,

However, if it comes into touch with the skin for a long time and in high doses, skin cancer will result.

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Lupus and multiple sclerosis results when immune system: responds too strongly and attacks body's own tissues.

MS and lupus are autoimmune diseases caused when immune system attacks their own normal tissues. Myelin coating of nerves is targeted in MS whereas skin, kidneys and other organs are affected in lupus.

Inflammation caused by lupus can affect different body systems including  joints, skin, kidneys, blood cells, brain, heart and lungs.

It is very unlikely to have both MS and lupus but it's common for someone with MS to be incorrectly diagnosed with lupus because of common symptoms.

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All organisms have the same genetic code, restriction enzymes can cut DNA from all species, and two double helices can be ligated from different sources.

DNA's building units are chemical compounds called nucleotides. These building blocks consist of three elements: one of four possible nitrogen bases, phosphate groups, and sugar groups. The phosphate and sugar groups are alternated when nucleotides are linked together to form chains, which is how DNA strands are built.

Information is stored in DNA. It contains data necessary to produce proteins, which are other big molecules. The 46 lengthy structures known as chromosomes that make up each of your cells house these instructions. Many thousands of smaller DNA pieces, known as genes, make up these chromosomes.

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Answer:

Large leaves have a large surface area, which would allow them to absorb more sunlight for photosynthesis. At the same time, a large surface area would allow for a large amount of water loss.

But large leaves can cope in hot, wet, tropical climates because they counteract the daytime heat-trapping effect using transpiration – something desert plants cannot do because they cannot afford to lose that much water.

The larger the leaves, the more surface from which moisture can be evaporated. If the environment tends to be dry, the life of the plant can be threatened by losing too much moisture - therefore, the reduction in leaf size.

Explanation:

it's more difficult for them to absorb heat at night, making them more susceptible to cold temperatures.

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Products that would occur after protein synthesis one protein, with an alternating sequence of two different amino acids.

Messenger RNA or mRNA  is a type of single stranded RNA involved in protein synthesis. Translation is the process of translating the sequence of a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule to a sequence of amino acids during protein  .

Three stages of translation is divided in to Initiation where the process of translation begins by binding of the Ribosome to mRNA. Next step is Elongation where moving Ribosome from codon to codon on mRNA and producing polypeptide. Last step is Termination is the end process where polypeptide is released from the ribosome .

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Answer:

one specie's will out compete the other, forcing the other species to adapt or risk extinction

Answer:

cranial nerve IX

Explanation:

Using the concepts of Gravitation, we got that T stands for orbital period.

Orbital period is actually the time a certain astronomical object such as planets takes to complete one orbit (360° revolution) around the another object such as sun or stars. Orbital period is expressed in many units of time, usually in years, days or hours.

The gravitational force is that which attracts any two objects with mass. We basically call this force attractive because it always tries to pull  masses together, but it never pushes them apart from each other. In fact, every object, including we, is pulling on every other object in this entire universe! This is simply nothing but known as Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation.

Hence, in the  formula v2 = gstartfraction m subscript central baseline over r endfraction is very useful for astronomers, then in that case T stands for orbital period.

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The significance of these two base sequences is that both the location of start site and the direction of transcription can be established.

What are the base sequences?

The order of the nucleotides composing the alleles within a DNA or RNA molecule is indicated by a series of bases denoted by a set of five different letters, which is known as a nucleic acid sequence. Sequences are often presented according to convention from the 5' end to the 3' end. The sense strand is used for DNA.

What are bacterial promoters?

Conserved DNA regions called bacterial promoters are crucial for the start of transcription. When we think of the classic paradigm, we typically picture promoters in intergenic areas upstream of genes enlisting RNAP holoenzyme to start transcription in one direction, leading to the production of an mRNA.

Hence the significance of these base sequences is to know the the location of start site and direction of transcription.

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The most likely effect of gasdermin pore formation in a cell that is hypotonic is that water will enter the cell causing them to burst because they become filled with too much water.

The cell would have a higher solute concentration than the surrounding environment. Better known as osmosis, the diffusion of water involves moving toward higher solute concentration. Due to phagocytes digesting the compounds of the cell along with other pathogens, this would prevent the spread of infection. Interleukin release activates the adaptive immune response by stimulating B and T leukocytes to divide and produce antibodies or kill infected cells.

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