When a researcher reinforces a response only some of the time, it is referred to as intermittent reinforcement.
In behaviorism, intermittent reinforcement is a conditioning schedule in which no reward or punishment (reinforcement) is administered each time the required response is executed. This differs from continuous reinforcement, in which the individual receives reinforcement each time the required response is performed.
Intermittent reinforcement conditioning makes the desired behavior more likely to persist, and the behavior continues longer than ongoing reinforcement. One example of intermittent reinforcement can be gambling. Intermittent reinforcement combined with the effects of trauma make us "addicted" to the hope of enjoying our own "rewards" despite evidence that we are compromising our own safety and well-being.
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An increase in the saving rate starting from a steady state with less capital than the golden rule causes investment to _____ in the transition to the new steady state
An increase in the saving fee starting from a steady kingdom with less capital than the golden rule reasons funding to be higher within the transition to the brand new constant nation.
A better saving charge does result in higher consistent-state capital stock and a higher stage of output. The shift from a decrease to a better constant-state stage of output causes a temporary boom in the increased fee. In a few newer theories of the boom, a higher saving fee can also completely increase the rate of the monetary boom.
A low saving charge ends in a small steady- kingdom capital stock and a low degree of constant-country output. better saving ends in faster monetary growth handiest inside the brief run. An increase in the saving rate increases growth till the economic system reaches the new steady nation.
The "Golden Rule" of government spending is a fiscal coverage mentioning that a government needs to most effectively increase borrowing with the purpose to put money into tasks a good way to pay off in the destiny. beneath the guideline, existing responsibilities and expenses are to be financed via taxation, and now not issuing new sovereign debt.
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what role does competition from rivals play in the eventual success of cooperative strategies? please explain
When one gets competition from rivals, the cooperative strategies are able to work together in order to gain an advantage in the competition, by knowing the strengths and weaknesses of the other person, that is, the rival.
This competition from a person's rival, will help the person prepare better and work harder to overcome their competition.
A lot of companies use this competitive strategy so as to outperform their rival companies and become the most profitable one in the market. These companies may sometimes use cooperative strategies in order to collaborate with other businesses so that they are able to achieve shared goals and also share resources with each other.
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Tamara, 19, has oral herpes that manifests itself through a lesion on her lip. this condition is considered _____.
Tamara, 19, has oral herpes that manifests itself through a lesion on her lip. this condition is considered A socially acceptable viral infection.
The herpes simplex virus causes oral herpes, an infection of the lips, mouth, or gums. Small, uncomfortable blisters known as cold sores or fever blisters are the result. Herpes labialis is another name for oral herpes.
Herpes viruses transmit most readily from those who are currently experiencing an outbreak or sore. This virus can be contracted if you: Have close or direct touch with an affected person Touch something that has been in contact with the herpes virus, such as contaminated razors, towels, dishes, or other shared things, or an open herpes sore.
That's why it considered as socially acceptable viral infection. parents easily get rid of it by changing daily routine of their children.
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What serves only one customer or organization and can be located on or off the customer’s premises?
Private cloud serves only one customer or organization and can be located on or off the customer’s premises. This cloud is also known as corporate cloud or internal cloud. The computing services provided by this cloud, are for private internal network and only for a selected set of users, instead of the general public.
This cloud has a greater amount of security as well as provides high level privacy to data, through internal hosting as well as firewalls. This also ensures that any type of sensitive data cannot be accessed by an unwanted entity.
The examples may include, Microsoft, HP data centers and the like.
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A researcher reports that results of a study were not statistically significant. how is this to be interpreted?
When a researcher reports that results of a study were not statistically significant, this can be interpreted as B. There is not enough evidence to allow the researcher to reject the null hypothesis.
What is evidence in a in a research?IT should be noted that in a evidence in a in a research is very essential because it help the researcher to be able to gather data to be able to come up with good conclusion.
In this case, When a researcher reports that results of a study were not statistically significant, this can be interpreted as B. There is not enough evidence to allow the researcher to reject the null hypothesis.
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CHECK THE COMPLETE QUESTION BELOW;
A researcher reports that results of a study were not statistically significant. How is this to be interpreted?
Group of answer choices
C. The researcher's logic or conceptualization in setting up the study was faulty.
B. There is not enough evidence to allow the researcher to reject the null hypothesis.
D. The intervention was not strong enough to make a difference.
Nonverbal expressions of emotion called __________ are fairly consistent among people of all ages.
Nonverbal expressions of emotion called nonverbal encoding are fairly consistent among people of all ages.
Nonverbal forms of communication include facial expressions, gestures, compound language such as volume or tone of voice, body language, authorization or personal space, gaze, touch (touch) senses), appearance and artifacts. All these examples of facial expressions can say a lot about how you are feeling at the moment.
There are also many types of contexts in which facial expressions play an important role in nonverbal communication. Non-verbal communication includes encoding and decoding methods. Coding is the act of creating communication using gestures, facial expressions, and posture. Decoding is the process of receiving information and how individuals process this information based on their previous experiences.
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The activities related to the governance of a state or territory describes what key term?
The activities related to the governance of a state or territory describes by key term politics.
Politics is a branch of science that examines how human communities, territory, particularly state, are governed and organised.
The process of interactions between an organised society's rules, norms, power, or language and a social system is known as governance (family, tribe, formal or informal organization, a territory or across territories).
A network, a market, or a state's government will carry it out. Social norms and institutions are created, reinforced, or reproduced as a result of decisions made by the people involved in a group problem. It might be explained simply as the political interactions that take place within and outside of official institutions.
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What is the relative humidity of air that has reached its dew point temperature?
The relative humidity of air that has reached its dew point temperature is 100%.
What is relative humidity?The relative humidity is 100 percent when the dew point and the temperature are the same. On the off chance that the temperature drops any advance, condensation will result, and fluid water will start to create.Compared to relative humidity, dew point is habitually cited as a more exact way of measuring the stickiness and consolation of the discuss, since it is an outright estimation (not at all like relative mugginess).One way to approach immersion, a relative humidity of 100%, is to cool the discuss. It is hence valuable to know how much the discuss has to be cooled to reach saturation.To know more about relative humidity visit:
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Coordinating the command's efforts in reducing personnel radiation exposure from nuclear weapons is the responsibility of who?
Coordinating the command's efforts in reducing personnel radiation exposure from nuclear weapons is the responsibility of NWRCO or the Nuclear Weapons Requirement Control Officer.
One of the, or to say, the most dangerous weapon on earth, the nuclear weapons have the capacity of destroying a whole state just with one blast, whose impacts may not die till centuries to come.
Nuclear weapons have the capacity to kill millions at a go and jeopardizing the natural environment for years. It is designed in such a manner that energy is released out of it because of nuclear fusion as well as nuclear fission.
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What is one of personality psychology greatest advantages over other areas of psychology?
The psychology of whole person personality is taken into consideration. one of persona psychology's largest advantages over different regions of psychology.
Social psychology is the examine of conduct and concept styles are inspired via social conditions. Psychologists have a look at the individualistic facet of human character, social psychologists have a look at the social aspect of human personality.
Benefits & disadvantages of character psych. Character development refers back to the method by means of which the organized notion and behavior patterns that make up someone's unique personality emerge through the years. Many factors affect character, including genetics and environment, how we had been parented, and societal variables
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The process of defining relationships among data to create useful information requires?
The process of defining relationships among data to create useful information requires knowledge.
Knowledge is needed to define relationships between data in order to provide usable information. It involves being aware of a body of knowledge and comprehending how it can be applied to help a particular activity or come to a conclusion.
As a result, the term "data processing" refers to the act of turning raw data into information. Pen and paper can be used for manual data processing. employing electronic data processing equipment like computers or mechanically using basic instruments like typewriters.
A collection of facts is called data. You interpret such facts in context by having information. Information is structured or ordered, whereas data is not.
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According to political scientists, voter registration requirements reduce voter turnout by as much as ________ percent
According to political scientists, voter registration requirements reduce voter turnout by as much as fifty percent.
The voter turnout or the rate of participation is usually calculated by dividing the number of voters by the number of people in the country who are eligible to participate in the process of voting, rather than just being of the voting age.
In the United States, the voter turnout is low because of the demanding process of registration requirements as well as because of the greater frequency of the elections. Although In US, the citizens are required to register themselves to vote, in many other democracies, the governments automatically register citizens.
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On a compass, which direction is opposite noroeste? a. sudeste b. este c. sudoeste d. noreste
On a compass, which direction is opposite noroeste? a. sudeste
What is noroeste?nornoreste — north-northeastnoreste — northeastestenoreste — east-northeastestesudeste — east-southeastsudeste — southeastsudsudeste — south-southeastsudsudoeste — south-southwestsudoeste — southwestoestesudoeste — west-southwestoestenoroeste — west-northwestnoroeste — northwestnornoroeste — north-northwestIn some areas, the use of sur- as the stem meaning "south" is preferred, so you'll also hear the variations such sureste and suroeste alone as well as in combination forms such as sursureste. Combinations using oriente and occidente, such as suroccidente for "southwest" and nororiente for "northeast," are also used.
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In high-income nations today, many of the goods and services that we consume are information goods. examples of information goods and services include:________
In high-income nations today, many of the goods and services that we consume are information goods. examples of information goods and services include the mass media.
Mass media is communication that reaches a large audience, whether written, broadcast or oral. This includes television, radio, advertising, movies, the internet, newspapers, magazines, etc. Mass media is a major force in modern culture, especially in America.
Mass media refers to various media technologies that reach large audiences through mass communication. The technology through which this communication takes place spans a variety of means. Broadcast media transmit information electronically through media such as movies, radio, recorded music, and television.
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When elastic recoil is decreased, as with asthma, passive expiration may be inadequate to expel the volume of air normally exhaled during quiet breathing.
a) true
b) false
It is true that due to asthma, passive expiration is inadequate to expel the volume of air exhaled during quiet breathing.
In the absence of emphysema, the asthma patient had an unanticipated substantial loss of lung elastic recoil , which caused reductions in maximal expiratory airflow of 32 to 35 percent at 80 percent of total lung capacity and of 28 to 60 percent at 70 percent of total lung capacity. Because of elastic recoil decrease during asthma, which reduces volume, the main muscular effort during silent breathing is put into inhalation, while expiration is primarily passive and dependent on inhalation. In contrast to silent breathing, when the rate of intake and expiration time are reasonably proportionate to one another, during this the diaphragm is contracted to aid in the inhalation, which is least affected by the intercostal muscle.
So, the correct answer is a) true.
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Excess hydrogen ion is eliminated from the body largely by:________
a) sweating.
b) the kidneys.
c) the liver.
d) the feces.
buffers
The excess hydrogen ion is eliminated from the body largely by the kidneys.
The kidneys remove extra H+ ions from the body and expel them in the urine when the blood gets too acidic. As a result, the blood becomes less acidic and the urine more acidic.
The proximal convoluted tubules (PCTs) and collecting tubules (CTs), which are a component of the kidney's nephrons, remove hydrogen ions. Nephrons, which are tiny organelles, filter blood plasma and turn it into the urine.
The mechanism of secretion transports H+ ions from the circulation and into the PCTs and CTs. Bicarbonate ions (HCO3-), which are lost in the urine, are reabsorbed back into the circulation at the same time that H+ ions are released.
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Beccaria believed in the enlightenment idea that people were rational, had free will, and weighed the costs and benefits before choosing a course of action. this is known as a _ perspective.
Beccaria believed that people have a rational manner and follow it towards making choices with a purpose to assist them to attain their personal non-public gratification.
Beccaria emphasized personal dignity within the criminal justice gadget. He stood for using torture and capital punishment. The thoughts presented in his 1765 treatise had first-rate affect upon main political files of the era, no longer the least of which changed into the U.S. constitution.
Cesare Beccaria, an Italian baby-kisser and logician, significantly stimulated crook law reform in Western Europe. He argued that the effectiveness of crook justice depended greater on the knowledge of punishment than on its severity.
The Enlightenment blanketed a range of thoughts centered at the fee of human happiness, the pursuit of information acquired via cause and the evidence of the senses, and beliefs along with liberty, development, toleration, fraternity, constitutional authorities, and separation of church and nation.
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_____________ describes the set of advantages that a group gains when another group is stereotyped, stigmatized, or otherwise oppressed.
Privilege describes the set of advantages that a group gains when another group is stereotyped, stigmatized, or otherwise oppressed.
What is the meaning of privilege?Privilege can be regarded as a special right as well advantage that is been granted or available only to a particular person or group.
In this case, it makers someone to be ahead of another person, hence, Privilege describes the set of advantages that a group gains when another group is stereotyped, stigmatized, or otherwise oppressed.
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Which type of storm is most likely found along the comma tail of the mid-latitude cyclone?
Snow storm is most likely found along the comma tail of the mid-latitude cyclone
Large moving atmospheric cyclonic storms with a center of low air pressure, known as mid-latitude or frontal cyclones, can have a diameter of up to 2000 kilometers. An strong mid-latitude cyclone may have a surface pressure as low as 970 millibars, compared to an average sea-level pressure of 1013 millibars.
Individual mid-latitude cyclones typically last between three and ten days while migrating mostly from west to east. The primary meteorological phenomenon in the Earth's mid-latitudes is a frontal cyclone, which develops along the polar front. Mid-latitude cyclones form when warm tropical and cold polar air masses collide at the polar front.
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The active ingredient of botox, botulinum toxin, blocks the release of ach from the axon terminal. an overdose of botox will most likely result in:_________
The active ingredient of Botox, botulinum toxin, blocks the release of ach from the axon terminal. an overdose of Botox will most likely result in difficulty breathing, difficulty moving parts of the body, and weakness.
Botox is a medication that requires a prescription and is used to treat migraine prophylaxis, extreme underarm sweating, overactive bladder, and muscle spasms or stiffness. Botox may be used alone or in combination with other drugs. Botulinum toxin, or Botox, is a neuromuscular blocker.
Drooping eyelids, vision changes, eye pain, severely dry or irritated eyes, light sensitivity, chest pain, pain spreading to the jaw or shoulder, irregular heartbeat, unusual or severe muscle weakness, trouble breathing, and more are just a few of the serious side effects that Botox may cause.
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Glucocorticoids are often prescribed during a course of chemotherapy and radiation because:________
Glucocorticoids are often prescribed during a course of chemotherapy and radiation because it prevents nausea and vomiting.
Chemotherapy is a medicinal therapy that uses potent chemicals to kill your body's rapidly proliferating cells. Chemotherapy is most frequently used to treat cancer because cancer cells reproduce and develop considerably more quickly than the majority of body cells. Chemotherapy medications come in a wide variety.
Strong anti-inflammatory drugs, glucocorticoids work with your immune system to treat a variety of illnesses. Your body actually produces glucocorticoids on its own. These hormones perform a variety of functions, including regulating how your cells use sugar and fat as well as reducing inflammation.
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Albert bandura's notion that people are affected by their environment, but can also influence that environment, is known as:_______
Albert bandura's notion that people are affected by their environment, but can also influence that environment, is known as Reciprocal determinism.
While reciprocal determinism is Bandura's theory that humans are affected by their environment but can also influence that environment, self-efficacy is one's judgement of how effective an action will be in any given setting.
In accordance with Bandura, a person's surroundings not only affects their thoughts, but also their following behaviour affects their environment. In other words, a person's thoughts and feelings are influenced by their surroundings, which in turn affects their behaviour, which has an impact on the environment, and so on.
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All else being equal, increasing the mean difference between groups will ______ the likelihood of finding a significant p value from a t test
All else being equal, increasing the mean difference between groups will increase the likelihood of finding a significant p-value from a t-test.
Statistical significance means that the observed results in the sample are unusual if the null hypothesis is accepted as true. if you are testing a hypothesis using the P-value approach and the P-value is large, you are rejecting the null hypothesis.
The smaller the p-value, the more evidence against the null hypothesis. therefore, if an investor finds that his p-value is 0.001, there is strong evidence against the null hypothesis and the investor is confident that portfolio returns and S&P 500 returns are not comparable.
The P-value represents the probability that, for a given statistical model, the statistical summary will match or exceed the actual observed results if the null hypothesis is true.
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Damage to broca's area would most likely result in which type of cognitive deficit?
Any damage to Broca's area would most likely result in the cognitive deficit known as Broca's dysphasia.
What is the Broca's area?This is the brain part that is also called a motor speech area and it is situated near the motor cortex and utilized the speech production required for normal speech.
The Broca's area is responsible for speech production, that is, anyone that has a Broca's dysphasia will have an extreme difficulty forming words and sentences and may speak with difficulty or not at all.
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As learning occurs over repeated conditioning trials, the conditioned stimulus increasingly predicts the unconditioned stimulus, and prediction error __________
As learning occurs over repeated conditioning trails, the conditioned stimulus increasingly predicts the unconditioned stimulus, and prediction error declines.
When the outcome of a conditioning trial is different from that which is predicted by the conditioned stimuli that are present on the trial(i.e.., when the US is surprising). prediction error is necessary to create Pavlovian conditioning (and associative learning generally). So conditioning works to correct or reduce prediction error.
To learn something through classical conditioning, there must first be some prediction error, or the chance that a conditioned stimulus won't lead to the expected outcome. with the example of the bell and the light, because the bell always leads to the reward of food, there's is no "prediction error" that the addition of the light helps to correct. However, if the researcher suddenly requires that the bell and the light both occurs in order to receive the food, the bell alone will produce a prediction error that the animal has to learn.
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Cirrhosis is an irreversible condition in which the _____ becomes scarred and dysfunctional.
Cirrhosis is an irreversible condition in which the liver becomes scarred and dysfunctional.
Function of the Liver
Production of bile that helps remove waste and break down fats in the small intestine during digestion.Production of specific proteins for plasma.Production of cholesterol and special proteins that help transport fat throughout the body.The liver consists of his two main sections, the right lobe and the left lobe. The gallbladder lies below the liver, along with the pancreas and part of the intestine. The liver and these organs work together to digest, absorb, and process food.
No. Your liver is so important that you cannot live without it.
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Mentally ""checking out"" and going through the motions at work is a reaction known as __________ group of answer choices
Answer: neglect
Explanation: Allowing one's performance to deteriorate slowly while mentally "checking out" is termed neglect. It is defined as a passive, destructive response in which interest and effort in the job decline.
In a classic experiment, john b. Watson and rosalie raynor conditioned a fear response in "little albert". They did so by presenting a white rat and other stimuli while simultaneously making a loud striking noise behind his back. As a result, little albert became afraid of not only white rats, but all things furry. Why does this study violate ethical standards of contemporary psychology?.
Answer:
Giving an added stimuly that ads fear to an non fearing stimuly, rather than finding an actualy fear, a fear is created by manipulation that gives visual compairing what little albert saw as a wbite rat, to be reseblance to a loud unexpected loud bang
Explanation:
given a neutral stimulus (white rat) that had no respons from little albert, adding a unconditioned stimulus (loud strikinng noise) and tbat has a unconditioned response (being frightened) when unnexpected then reeating the unconditioned combined witb neautral stimulus repeadetly resulting in conditioned stimulus that elicits a response of a loud noise with a visual encounter. Therfore manipulating a nuetral respons into false fear response. As a violation rather than findimg a fear John b Watson & Rosalie Reynor created a fear in a unconventianal manupulation combined set of stimulus
In psychology's science, education, and practice, psychologists work to advance precision, honesty, and truthfulness. In these activities, psychologists do not commit theft, dishonesty, fraud, deceit, or willful misrepresentation of the truth.
What are the ethical standards?The right to life, the freedom from harm, and the right to privacy are just a few examples of the rights that fall under the purview of ethical standards. These standards are suitable ethical standards because they are based on consistent and solid justifications.
In psychological research, beneficence, nonmaleficence, autonomy, and justice are the four guiding ethical principles. Beneficence refers to a researcher's efforts on behalf of a subject or the psychology community. Doing no harm and taking care to keep the participant's risks to a minimum are examples of non-maleficence.
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The process in which individuals change their previous way of understanding the world and adopt a new method is called?
The process in which the individuals change their previous way of understanding the world and adopt a new method is called accommodation.
The term "accommodation" refers to the stage of adaptation that was first put out by the psychologist Jean Piaget. In order to adjust to the new information or new experiences, one must change their pre-existing schemas, or understanding or conceptions of something. This method of accommodation may also result in the creation of new schemas. As new knowledge is received and incorporated into our existing theories and beliefs about how the world functions, schemas become more honed, intricate, and also complex.
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What was the traditional economic activity in ngoc ha village until recent years? automobile manufacturing construction information technology rice farming flower growing
The "flower village" that was formerly Ngoc Ha has all but disappeared due to fast development.
What is the traditional economy?Traditions, practices, and beliefs play a significant role in the production of goods and services in a traditional economy, as well as in the distribution of those commodities and services. These types of economies are frequently seen in rural, agrarian nations.
What is an example of a traditional economy?Children raised on farms, for instance, are more likely to become farmers as adults in a traditional economy. Instead of paying with money, they will trade the products they make, such as milk or leather, for the products they need, such as eggs and vegetables for nourishment.What are the activities connected to traditional economies?Traditionally, farming, fishing, hunting, and gathering have been the main sources of income. Customs and traditions typically take precedence over money in traditional economies. Traditional economies frequently depend on farming or hunting, fishing, and gathering.learn more about traditional economic activity here
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