Because of Avogardo Hypothesis, volumes can be used in gas phase reaction stoichiometry at constant temperature and pressure.
Avogadro's Law (also known as Avogadro's Hypothesis or Avogadro's Principle) is an experimental gas law that relates the volume of gas to the amount of gaseous matter present.
Avogadro's law states that "equal volumes of all gases at the same temperature and pressure have the same number of molecules". At constant temperature and pressure, (mol) of a gas is directly proportional.
For example, if two ideal gases, hydrogen and nitrogen, are mixed in equal amounts, they contain the same amount of molecules. This only happens if they are kept at the same pressure and temperature. This shows the ideal behavior of gases.
Let's look at this law mathematically: the overall law can be written as
V is directly proportional to n
or V = nK , K (a constant)
Amount of gas; “n” is the gaseous substance measured in moles. "k" is a constant defined for a specific pressure and temperature.
Comparing the same gas under different conditions, the law is : V₁/ n₁=V₂/ n₂
The equation shows that the number of moles of gas increases in proportion to the increase in gas volume. Therefore, the total number of atoms or molecules present in a given volume of gas is completely independent of the molar mass or size of the gas.
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Consider the hydrocarbon with chemical formula C₁0H8; this compound is an...
alkyne.
alkane.
alkene.
aromatic.
Please help :)
C₁OH₈ formula is an alkene hydrocarbon in the nature of its existence.
What are hydrocarbons?
The only two types of atoms that make up all of an organic complex called a hydrocarbon are carbon and hydrogen. The majority of the time, hydrocarbons are colourless gases with hardly detectable odours. Alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and aromatic hydrocarbons are the four subcategories that are generally used to classify hydrocarbons. These compounds can have relatively simple structures or relatively complex structures.
The study of hydrocarbons can shed light on other functional groups' chemical composition and behaviour. Liquefied petroleum gas, which is derived from hydrocarbons like propane and butane, is also employed as a source of fuel for commercial reasons (LPG). One of the most basic aromatic hydrocarbons, benzene, is used as the starting point for the creation of numeroubrainly.com/question/17578846s synthetic medications.
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Joey is thinking about applying an equal push force to two objects, one with a small mass, and one with a large mass. What is the most likely outcome to this test?
The smaller object will have a greater change in motion.
The larger object will have a greater change in motion.
Both objects will have an equal change in motion.
Neither object will have a change in motion.
The result of the test is that the smaller object will have a greater change in motion. Option A
What is force?In the simplest sense of the word, a force could be regarded as a push or a pull. We can see that the object irrespective of the mass of the object would continue to be at rest until it is acted upon by a force.
In this question, we are told that Joey is thinking about applying an equal push force to two objects, one with a small mass, and one with a large mass. The force that could move the small mass may not move the large mass due to inertia.
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Which describes the MOST LIKELY effect of the mismatch on future birds?
A. There could be a shift to earlier reproduction in
the birds.
B. The next generations of birds may choose to not
reproduce.
C. There could be a shift to later reproduction in the
birds.
D. The next generations of birds may choose to
reproduce more often.
The statement which best describes the most likely effect of the mismatch on future birds is that there could be a shift to later reproduction in the birds and is therefore denoted as option C.
What is Reproduction?
This is referred to as the process in which an offspring is produced from their parent or cells and involves the fusion of gametes.
In the effect of mismatch on future birds, there will be a reduction in the birds getting a mate which therefore shift to later reproduction and is therefore the reason why option C was chosen as the correct choice.
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The statement that describes the most likely effect of the mismatch on future birds is that there could be a shift to later reproduction in the
birds.
So option C is correct.
What is reproduction?Reproduction is described as the biological process by which new individual organisms offspring are produced from their "parent" or parents.
If there is mismatch on future birds, one of the many effects is that there could be a shift to later reproduction in the birds which the consequences of such mistiming in reproduction are reduced reproductive output.
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Body fluid is the liquid portion of our cells and tissues. In adults, what is the percentage of our body weight that is water?.
Answer:
50-70%
Explanation:
In adult men, about 60% of their bodies are water. However, fat tissue does not have as much water as lean tissue. In adult women, fat makes up more of the body than in men, so they have about 55% of their bodies are made of water.
Explain why onions make you cry
270g of glucose no.of molecules
Next question: 40g of ammonium nitrate
Question 1. There are [tex]9.025*10^{23}[/tex] molecules in 270g of glucose.
Question 2. There are [tex]3.009*10^{23}[/tex] molecules in 40g of glucose.
Explanation:Question 1. 270g of glucose, no. of molecules.1. Find the chemical formula of glucose.Formula: [tex]C_{6} H_{12} O_{6}[/tex]
2. Find the molar mass of this compound.Using the molar mass of each element, which can be found in the periodic table, we make the following calculations:
Molar mass of C: 12.011 u
Total mass of C in compound: (12.011 * 6)= 72.066
Molar mass of H: 1.008 u
Total mass of H in compound: (1.008 * 12)= 12.096
Molar mass of O: 15.999 u
Total mass of O in compound: (15.999 * 6)= 95.994
Why did we multiply the molar mass of C, H and O by 6, 12, and 6? This is because the formula contains 6, 12, and 6 atoms of each element, respectively.
Add up all masses:
72.066 + 12.096 + 95.994= 180.156 g/mole
This result means that 1 mole of glucose has a mass of 180.156 grams.
3. Calculate the number of molecules.Furthermore, 1 mole of any compound has a total of [tex]6.022*10^{23}[/tex] molecules. To find the amount of molecules, find the amount of moles and then the amount of molecules. Do it in the following fashion:
180.156g -----> 1 mole
270g -----------> x
[tex]\frac{270*1}{180.156} =1.499[/tex]
270 grams of glucose is the equivalent of 1.499 moles of said compound.
Now, find the number of molecules using the amount of moles calculated previously.
180.156g ----> [tex]6.022*10^{23}[/tex]
270g ---------> x
[tex]\frac{(270*6.022*10^{23} )}{180.156} =9.025*10^{23}[/tex]
4. Conclusion.There are [tex]9.025*10^{23}[/tex] molecules in 270g of glucose.
Question 2. 40g of ammonium nitrate, no. of molecules.Repeat the same process explained previously:[tex]NH_{4} NO_{3}[/tex]
N: 14.007 u
N: 14.007 u
O: (15.999 * 3)= 47.997 u
14.007 + 4.032 + 14.007 + 47.997= 80.043 g/mole
80.043g ----> [tex]6.022*10^{23}[/tex]
40g -----------> x
[tex]x=\frac{(40*6.022*10^{23}) }{80.043} =3.009*10^{23}[/tex]
There are [tex]3.009*10^{23}[/tex] molecules in 40g of glucose.
Listed in the Item Bank are some important labels for sections of the image below. Match each label to the corresponding area it identifies in the image.
Silicon, Arsenic and Antimony
Can exchange electrons with each other to form ionic compounds
May have no luster
Tin, Calcium and Potassium
Hydrogen, Oxygen and Chlorine
Can be electrical conductors
Comprised of atoms
The corresponding match for each element is as follows:
Silicon, Arsenic, and Antimony - Metalloids
Can exchange electrons with each other to form ionic compounds _ Metals and non-metals
May have no luster - Metalloids and Non-metals
Tin, Calcium, and Potassium - Metals
Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Chlorine - Non-meatals
Can be electrical conductors - Metals and metalloids
Comprised of atoms - all
What are the properties of metals, metalloids and non-metals?The elements can be classified into three;
metalsmetalloids, andnon-metalsEach of these classes of elements has its own unique properties. The properties of the three classes of elements include the following:
Metals - metals are hard and mostly solid substances with luster. They are good conductors of heat and electricity. Metals form ionic compounds with non-metals by exchanging their electrons. Examples are calcium, sodium, copper
Metalloids - they are mostly solid substances that are intermediate conductors of heat and electricity. They may have no luster. Examples are Silicon, Arsenic, and Antimony.
Non-metals - non-metals are soft and mostly gaseous substances with no luster. They are poor conductors of heat and electricity. Non-metals form ionic compounds with metals by exchanging their electrons.
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The shore of Lake Assal in Djibouti is the lowest point on land in Africa. This point is 153 meters below sea level. Using equations 10.3 and 10.4, the temperature required to boil water on the shore of Lake Assal would be
The shore of Lake Assal in Djibouti is the lowest point on land in Africa. This point is 153 meters below sea level. Using equations 10.3 and 10.4, the temperature required to boil water on the shore of Lake Assal would be 82.6 degrees.
What is sea level?Sea level is described as an average surface level of one or more among Earth's coastal bodies of water from which heights such as elevation may be measured.
Sea level rise is as a result of two primary factors related to global warming:
the added water from melting ice sheets and glaciers, and the expansion of seawater as it warmsWe are going to use the formula that says "Fahrenheit is equal to 9/6 times C plus 32.
where c = 32
Fahrenheit = 9/6 * 28.1 + 32
Fahrenheit = 82.6 degrees.
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I NEED THE ANSWER ASAP
Chemicals that have leached into the soil can be made harmless by _______________________. (binary fission, bioremediation)
Chemicals that have leached into the soil can be made harmless by bio remediation .
What is bio remediation?Bioremediation is a biotechnology process that reduces or eliminates pollution. It is a type of waste management technology that uses organisms to remove or recycle pollutants from polluted areas. There are several remedial measures to clean up contaminated water and solids through chemical treatment, incineration and landfill. There are other types of waste management technologies such as solid waste management, nuclear waste management, etc.Bioremediation is different because it does not use toxic chemicals.How does it work?Bioremediation relies on stimulating the growth of specific microorganisms that use contaminants such as oils, solvents and pesticides as food and energy sources.These microbes convert pollutants into small amounts of water and harmless gases such as carbon dioxide.Can learn more about bio remediation from
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question content area stirring a solute into a solution increases the net dissolving rate (reduces the dissolving time to reach equilibrium) because the ...
Stirring a solute into a solution increases the net dissolving rate because stirring affects how quickly a solute dissolves in a solvent but does not affect how much solute will dissolve.
The sum of solute that will break up is influenced by temperature - more will break down at higher temperatures. Typically called the solubility of the solute.
Charts of the solvency at distinctive temperatures can be utilized to decide how much will break down, or at which temperature a given arrangement will be gotten to be saturated.
Stirring moves the dissolvable particles around, permitting them to connect with the strong pieces of undissolved solute and transporting the broken-up solute absent into the bulk of the solution.
In the nonappearance of blending, the concentration of solute will be most noteworthy near the pieces of solute, so more solute won't break down into the arrangement until the broken-up solute has been transported absent by dissemination.
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Please help me I've been stuck on this for hours at this point don't bother providing an explanation I need answers
Answer:
I'm not entirely sure about questions 3-5, but I am going to assume you want the products.
3. [tex]Al + O_{2} = AlO_{2}[/tex]
4. [tex]2 Mg + Zn(NO_{3})_{2} = 2 Mg(NO_{3}) + Zn[/tex]
5. [tex]BaCl_{2} + Na_{2}SO_{4} = BaSO_{4} + 2 NaCl[/tex]
As for questions 6-8, it is quite simple,
6. Synthesis Reaction
7. Single Displacement Reaction or another name is Substitution Reaction
8. Decomposition Reaction
If you need further help try using the website https://en.intl.chemicalaid.com.
why would you not reduce the flame size below its correct setting if the torch flame is too large for the job?
Lowering the flame can result in the tip overheating.
An overheating plasma system will wear out torch parts quickly and eventually may burn out the torch and leads.
What is an oxy-acetylene torch set?
A gas torch that burns a mixture of acetylene and oxygen to produce a high-temperature flame (3,000°C or 5,400°F) that can weld or cut metal.
Can an oxy-acetylene torch explode?
They occur either because the torch tip touched the work or because of insufficient gas pressure. When this happens, the popping sound turns to a whistle as the gases burn back through the tip and torch head. If not stopped, the fire can travel through and damage the torch, and hoses, and explode the cylinder.Thus, lowering the flame's size may result in the tip overheating.
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the fat, tripalmitin, when hydrolyzed with aqueous naoh followed by acidification with hcl yields glycerol and palmitic acid. if 0.018 mol of tripalmitin is hydrolyzed, what is the theoretical yield of palmitic acid in moles?
When 0.018 mol of tripalmitin is hydrolyzed, the theoretical yield of palmitic acid will be 0.054 moles.
The hydrolysis of tripalmitin with NaOH is saponification where a glycerol compound and fatty acids are released. Thus the fatty acids combined with the Na ion further react with the acid HCl forming a salt. Tripalmitin is a triglyceride obtained from 3 hydroxy groups of glycerol by palmitic acid (hexadecanoic). Thus, this hydrolysis yield carboxylate salt and alcohol called a saponification reaction.
Hydrolysis of 1 tripalmitin releases 3 fatty acids hence, for 0.018 moles, palmitic acid yielded is,
= 0.018 × 3
= 0.054 moles.
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How are biofuel prepared?
Answer:
fermentation of crops that are high in sugar (starch) or fat into ethanol,
Explanation:
what is minimal concentration of chloride ion (in m) to form pbcl2 precipitate when solid nacl is added to 0.0049 m lead(ii) nitrate solution? ksp(pbcl2)
The minimal concentration of chloride ion is 1.67 × 10 ⁻³ M
Concentration is the abundance of a constituent divided by way of the overall volume of an aggregate. several sorts of mathematical descriptions may be outstanding: mass concentration, molar concentration, variety concentration, and extent awareness.
The concentration of a substance is the quantity of solute found in a given amount of solution. Concentrations are normally expressed in terms of molarity, defined because of the variety of moles of solute in 1 L of answer.
The Concentration of an answer is a measure of the quantity of solute that has been dissolved in a given amount of solvent or answer. A concentrated answer is one that has a rather huge quantity of dissolved solute.
calculation:-
2NaCl + Pb ⁺² ------------> PbCl₂
Ksp = [Pb⁺][Cl⁻]²
[Cl⁻] = [tex]\sqrt{ \frac{Ksp}{[Pb+]}[/tex]
= [tex]\sqrt{ \frac{1.4×10^{-8} }{0.0049}[/tex]
= 1.67 × 10 ⁻³ M
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if x x represents the molar solubility of b a 3 ( p o 4 ) 2 bax3(pox4)x2 , what is the correct equation for the k s p ksp ?
If x represent the molar solubility of Ba₃(PO₄)₂ Bax₃(POx₄)x₂ the correct equation for Ksp is (3x)³(2x)².
The equation is given as :
Ba₃(PO₄)₂ ⇄ 3Ba²⁺ + 2PO₄³⁻
if x represent molar solubility then , we get :
Ba₃(PO₄)₂ ⇄ 3Ba²⁺ + 2PO₄³⁻
3x 2x
therefore , the solubility product constant is given as :
Ksp = (3x)³(2x)²
The solubility product constant is the equilibrium constant which used for the dissolving of solid substances into the aqueous solution. The solubility product constant is denoted as Ksp. The value of solubility constant depends on temperature.
Thus, If x represent the molar solubility of Ba₃(PO₄)₂ Bax₃(POx₄)x₂ the correct equation for Ksp is (3x)³(2x)².
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an ammonia buffer solution contains 0.18 m nh4 and 0.27 m nh3. the pka of ammonium is 9.24. what is the ph of the buffer?
An ammonia buffer solution contains 0.18 m NH₄ and 0.27 m NH₃ the pka of ammonium is 9.24 and the pH of the buffer is 9.41
pH means a measure of how acidic or basic a substances or solution
Here given data is
Pka of NH₄ = 9.24
Concentration of NH₄ = 0.18 M
Concentration of NH₃ = 0.27 M
Then we have to calculate pH =?
The pH of buffer solution can obtain by using the Henderson Hassel Bach equation
pH = Pka + log [base]/[acid]
pH = 9.24 + log [NH₃]/[NH₄]
pH = 9.24 + log [0.27 M[/[ 0.18 M]
pH = 9.24 + log [1.5]
pH = 9.24 + 0.176
pH = 9.41
pH of the buffer is 9.41
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what is the molarity of an aqueous solution that is 5.88% nacl by mass? (assume a density of 1.02 g/ml for the solution.) (hint: 5.88% nacl by mass means 5.88 g nacl/100.0 g solution.)
The polarity equation is given, masks are divided by smaller mosques, and all are divided by the volume of solution in liters.
As a result, we will obtain a number closer to 1.49. Thus, the original solution's polarity is as follows.
What is the meaning of Molarity ?The amount of a substance in a specific volume of solution is known as its molarity (M). The number of moles of a solute per liter of a solution is known as molarity. Molarity is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution.
The moles of solute per liter of solution is measured as molarity. For instance, when table salt is dissolved in water, water serves as both the solution and the solute. Sodium chloride weights 58.44 grams per mole. One liter of water and 58.44 grams of sodium chloride combine to form one molar solution, or 1M.
100 g of a solution Additionally, it is assumed that the starting density is 1.02 grandpa. We can therefore determine the volume or solution from this information. Volume of the solution is therefore equal to the solution's mass divided by its city. So we have 100 g of solutions here. Therefore, 100 g make up the majority of the solution. Divided by the solution's density, 1.02 grandpa is obtained. The result will be 98.04 cm. The volume motor solution is now available. Next, we may determine the initial solution's polarity. As a result, we have the polarity equation, which is provided as smaller mosque divided by masks.
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what happens to the solubility of mgco3 in water if 0.1 m hno3 is added to the solution at 298 k? (ksp
The solubility of MgCO3 in water will increase if 0.1m HNO3 is added to the solution at 298k.
Magnesium carbonate (MgCO3) is basic in nature and insoluble in water but when 0.1m HNO3 (acidic) is added the MgCO3 will dissociate due to the opposite nature that is MgCO3 is basic and HNO3 is acidic. This will lead to an increase in solubility. The balanced equation of this reaction is:
MgCO 3 (s) + 2 HNO 3 (aq) → Mg(NO 3) 2 (aq) + CO 2 (g) + H 2O (l)
The equilibrium constant for the dissolution of a solid substance into an aqueous solution is the solubility product constant. Ksp is used to represent it.
A type of equilibrium constant, the solubility product's value changes with temperature. Due to increasing solubility, Ksp often rises as temperature rises.
A substance's ability to dissolve in a solvent to create a solution is known as a substance's solubility. Ionic compounds, which separate into cations and anions, have a wide range of solubilities in water. While other substances are exceedingly insoluble, some are highly soluble and may even absorb moisture from the air.
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when a 30.0 ml sample of a 0.461 m aqueous nitrous acid solution is titrated with a 0.467 m aqueous barium hydroxide solution, what is the ph at the midpoint in the titration?
The pH at midpoint in the titration will be 3.16
The pH at the midpoint of the titration (the half-equivalence point) will be equal to the pKa of nitrous acid i.e. 3.16. The calculation is quite simple as the Ka value is 4.0 x 10^-4. To find pKa = -log Ka.
Thus, pKa = -log (4.0 x 10^-4) = 3.16
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How could you determine the density of your own body?
Answer:
Divide the body mass by the body volume to determine density.
:
the separator breaks down making the process isobaric. will the benzene composition of the liquid leaving the separtor increase, decrease, or stay the same?
The process is isobaric as a result of the separator breaking down. The amount of benzene in the liquid leaving the separator increases, This is also known as isobaric process.
A thermodynamic process known as an isobaric process occurs at a fixed pressure. Greek words "iso" and "baros," which both signify equal pressure, were used to create the phrase "isobaric." Therefore, when the volume is increased or decreased, the constant pressure is obtained.
With the molecular formula C6H6, benzoene is an organic chemical substance. Six carbon atoms linked together in a planar ring, with one hydrogen atom connected to each, make up the benzene molecule. Benzene is a hydrocarbon since it is made up only of carbon and hydrogen atoms.
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What state of matter is H2O above 100°C?
Answer:
Gas
Explanation:
Similarly,if we heat a volume of water above 100 degrees Celsius, or 212 degrees Fahrenheit, water changes it's phase into a gas called water vapor
write the lewis structure for carbon dioxide, then answer the following questions: 1. how many valence electrons does this compound have? 2. how many bonded electrons does this compound have? 3. how many lone pairs of electrons does this compound have? 4. how many single bonds does this compound have?
Valence electrons in CO₂ = 16
Bonded electrons in CO₂ = 4 electrons of carbon and 2 electrons of each oxygen atom
Lone pairs of electrons in CO₂ = 2 l0ne pair of electrons on each oxygen atom
Single bonds in CO₂ = None
What is Lewis structure?A Lewis structure, also known as, Lewis dot structure, electron dot structure, is a diagram showing the bonds between the atoms of a molecule and the lone pairs of electrons present within the molecule.
Carbon dioxide is a colorless, odorless, non-flammable gas produced when carbon is burned. The ratio of carbon to oxygen in the CO₂ molecule is 1:2. Two double bonds join the carbon and oxygen atoms in the Lewis structure. There are two oxygen atoms at each end where they share electrons and form a bond with the central carbon atom. A Lewis structure diagram shows the number of valence electrons available for bond formation within an atom. You can also visualize the behavior of valence electrons in molecules and determine if lone pairs are present.
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the heat of vaporization of gold is over 4 times greater than that of the heat of fusion of gold. this means that it is easier to
according to the above assertion, melting gold is simpler than boiling it.
What are condensation and vaporization?Evaporation is the transformation of a liquid into its vapor when it occurs below the liquid's boiling point. The transition from a liquid into a gas is known as condensation. The rate of evaporating increases as the temperature rises.
Is vaporizing water boiling a vaporization?The process through which a solution boils and transforms into a gas is known as vaporization. Although evaporation doesn't involve boiling, vaporization is frequently confused with evaporation. The boiling point of a liquid is the heat at which it begins to turn into a gas. Pure water reaches its boiling point at 100°C.
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one gram of cd(oh)2(s) is then dispersed in 1.0 l of the solution containing 1 mg/l of cd2 . once the system reaches equilibrium, what is the concentration of cd2 ?
The concentration of Cd⁺² is 8.8×10⁻⁶mol/lit.
What does the term equilibrium mean?When there is no tendency for reactant and product quantities to fluctuate, a chemical reaction is in equilibrium. It is up to us to decide which components of a chemical reaction are deemed reactants and which are products, as well as the direction in which we write about them.
Cd(OH)₂ → Cd⁺² +2OH⁻
↓
1mg/lit
Mass of Cd⁺² ⇒ 1mg/L×1 lit
Mass of Cd⁺² ⇒ 10⁻³gm
Mole of Cd⁺² → 10⁻³/112.4g/mol
Mole of Cd⁺² → 0.0088×10⁻³
Volume of Cd⁺² → 1Lit
Concentration of Cd⁺² →0.0088×10⁻³/1
Concentration of Cd⁺² → 8.8×10⁻⁶mol/lit.
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Energy made available through the flow of electric current is called...
Radiant
Sound
Elastic
Electrical
The energy transfer in the form of light or heat is called radiant energy. Thus the flow of electric current can be called as radiant.
What is radiation?Radiation is a mod of energy transfer through vacuum and the electromagnetic radiations are such energy transfer from stars and space which hits the earth surface.
Sound is a mechanical wave only travels through a medium whereas electromagnetic waves does not need a medium to travel. Electromagnetic radiation is the combination of an electric field and magnetic field.
Hence, the flow of electric current by which the energy made available is called radiant.
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The table below shows the boiling points of
some halogens.
Explain the trend in the boiling points of the
halogens.
Answer:
Boiling point decrease from left to right of the periodic table
a solution is prepared by diluting six times with the dilution factor of 1/5. if the final concentration of the serial dilution is 1.4x10-7 m, calculate the original concentration of the solution. (this is often used in biological sample analysis.)
The original concentration of the solution will be 2.1 × 10⁻³ m
What is dilution factor?Dilution factor is the ratio to dilute the stock solution. This can be expressed as the ratio of the volume of the final diluted solution to the initial volume removed from the stock solution.
Differs from dilution factor. Dilution ratio refers to a simple dilution ratio that combines a unit volume of solute with the desired volume of solvent. On the other hand, the dilution factor refers to the ratio between the volume of the initially concentrated solute and the volume of the final diluted solution. Which is DF = Vₙ / V₀
For the given question,
Vₙ = DF × V₀
Where, Vₙ = Final concentration of the serial dilution
V₀ = Original concentration of the solution
DF = Dilution factor
Since the solution is diluted 6 times then
Vₙ = 1/5⁶ × V₀
1.4x10⁻⁷ = V₀/15625
V₀ = 15625 × 1.4x10⁻⁷
V₀ = 2.1 × 10⁻³ m
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what is the estimated effective nuclear charge, zeff, experienced by an electron in a 3p orbital of a chlorine atom?
The estimated nuclear charge on an electron in a 30 orbital of chlorine atom is 6.1
The charge that the outermost valence electrons of any many-electron atom experience is known as the effective nuclear charge. This is done by taking into account how many shielding electrons there are surrounding the nucleus. Rule of Slater: The effective nuclear charge that an electron in a multi-electron atom experiences is measured using this method. This rule states that the screening effect of the other electrons in the atom causes the actual nuclear charge an electron experiences to be smaller than the actual nuclear charge. An atom's distribution of electrons within its atomic orbitals is known as its electronic configuration.
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