The energy that is not transferred into the electrical grid is lost as heat as it moves from system to system.
The electricity that is produced in power stations reach the consumers through a complex system of electric cables and grid. The grid usually means transformers which is used to step up and step down the voltage when necessary.
The first transformer from the power plant steps up the voltage of the current for the purpose of long distance transmissions. Before entering the household another transformer steps down the voltage to avoid short circuiting the electrical appliances. During all these processes the current is carried through electrical lines. Due to its contact with the atmosphere some energy is lost has heat in the air.
Therefore, the energy that is not transferred into the electrical grid is lost as heat as it moves from system to system.
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a spherical shell with radius r and uniform surface charge density spins with angular frequency w around the diameter. find the magnetic field
The magnetic field is [tex]\vec{m}=\frac{Q}{3} R^2 \vec{\omega}[/tex]
How to calculate magnetic field?The magnetic influence on moving electric charges, electric currents, and magnetic materials is described by a magnetic field, which is a vector field. A force perpendicular to the charge's own velocity and the magnetic field acts on it when the charge is moving through a magnetic field.
Uniformly charged spherical shell of radius R carries a total charge =Q
Hence it has surface charge density
[tex]\sigma=\frac{Q}{4 \pi R^2}[/tex]
It rotates about its axis with frequency=f
∴ Its angular velocity ω=2πf
Suppose the angular velocity [tex]\vec{\omega}=\omega \hat{z}[/tex]
To find the magnetic moment of spinning shell we can divide
it into infinitesimal charges. Using spherical polar coordinates (ρ,ϕ,θ) with origin at the center of the spherical shell, we consider infinitesimal area dS of a circular ring of infinitesimal width and of radius r located at a distance R from the origin on the surface of sphere.
Here [tex]\vec{r}=R \sin \theta \hat{r}[/tex] and coordinate ρ=R, is constant for each elemental area.
[tex]d q=\sigma d S=\sigma R^2 \sin \theta d \theta d \phi[/tex]
Current in the ring is given by
[tex]\begin{aligned}&d I=(d q) \times f=\left(\sigma R^2 \sin \theta d \theta d \phi\right) \times \frac{\omega}{2 \pi} \\&\Rightarrow d I=\frac{\omega \sigma R^2 \sin \theta d \theta d \phi}{2 \pi}\end{aligned}[/tex]
Now the magnetic dipole moment of ring is given by the expression in terms of position vector [tex]\vec{r}[/tex]current density [tex]\vec{J}[/tex]
[tex]\begin{aligned}&d \vec{m}=\frac{1}{2} \int_{\text {ring }} \vec{r} \times \vec{J} \\&\Rightarrow d \vec{m}=\frac{1}{2} d I \int_{\text {ring }} \vec{r} \times d \vec{l}\end{aligned}[/tex]
Line integral becomes equal to the circumference of ring
[tex]\therefore d \vec{m}=d I\left(\pi R^2 \sin ^2 \theta\right) \hat{z}[/tex]
Inserting value of dI we get
[tex]\begin{aligned}&d \vec{m}=\frac{\omega \sigma R^2 \sin \theta d \theta d \phi}{2 \pi}\left(\pi R^2 \sin ^2 \theta\right) \hat{z} \\&\Rightarrow d \vec{m}=\frac{\vec{\omega} \sigma R^4 \sin ^3 \theta d \theta d \phi}{2}\end{aligned}[/tex]
Total magnetic moment is integral with respect to both variables within respective limits
[tex]\begin{aligned}&\vec{m}=\frac{\vec{\omega} \sigma R^4}{2} \int_0^\pi \sin ^3 \theta d \theta \int_0^{2 \pi} d \phi \\&\Rightarrow \vec{m}=\frac{\vec{\omega} \sigma R^4}{2} \times \frac{4}{3} \times 2 \pi \\&\Rightarrow \vec{m}=\frac{4}{3} \pi \sigma R^4 \vec{\omega}\end{aligned}[/tex]
Rewriting in terms of charge Q
[tex]\begin{aligned}&\vec{m}=\frac{4}{3} \pi\left(\frac{Q}{4 \pi R^2}\right) R^4 \vec{\omega} \\&\vec{m}=\frac{Q}{3} R^2 \vec{\omega}\end{aligned}[/tex]
The complete question is : A spherical shell of radius R and uniformly charged with charge Q is rotating about its axis with frequency f. Find the magnetic moment of the sphere?
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robin started at point a. she walked 4m south, then 8m east, then 4m north, then 8m west so that she was back at point a. if her walk took 5 minutes, what was her velocity in meters per minute?
Robin started at point a. she walked 4m south, then 8m east, then 4m north, then 8m west so that she was back at point a. if her walk took 5 minutes her velocity in meters per minute is 0.96.
Displacement = distance / time = 24m/5 = 4.8
Velocity = displacement / Time = 4.8/5 = 0.96m/min
Its scientific definition and velocity are presumably similar. You are aware that a significant displacement over a short period of time indicates a large velocity, and that velocity has measures of distance / time, like miles/hour or kilometers/hour.
The change in position divided by the distance travelled is the definition of average velocity. However, the average speed of an object tells us nothing about what happens to it between the starting and finishing points. For instance, average velocity does not allow us to determine whether a passenger in an airplane briefly stops or reverses before relocating to the rear of the aircraft. We must consider shorter distances travelled over shorter times in order to obtain more information.
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how can we deducve the presence and measure the mass of a supermassivce black hole in the center of a galaxy
Astronomers can study how clusters of stars and gas move around the galactic center in nearby galaxies and use those movements to calculate the mass of the central black hole.
How can we calculate the black hole's mass at the galactic center?By monitoring the star motions in the galaxy's center, Webb will calculate the black hole's mass. Astronomers will calculate the mass of that black hole using NASA's James Webb Space Telescope. The outcome may appear to be unimportant, but a black hole's mass controls how it feeds and interacts with its surroundings.
Black holes are discovered when nearby material, such as gas, is pulled by gravity into a disk around the black hole. The gas molecules in the disk of the black hole are spinning so quickly that they heat up and release X-rays. From Earth, one can observe these X-rays.
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Electromagnetic radiation consists of particles called , which exhibit both and particle behavior. The greater the momentum of a photon, the its wavelength.
Electromagnetic radiation consists of particles called photons, which exhibit both wavelike and particle-like behavior. The greater the momentum of a photon, the longer its wavelength.
What is electromagnetic radiation and what are photons?Electromagnetic radiation (or EM radiation) is energy that is transmitted through oscillating electric and magnetic fields at the speed of light. Electromagnetic radiation contains neither mass nor charge, but it travels in packets of radiant energy called photons. Electromagnetic waves carry energy and transfer it upon interaction with matter.
Electromagnetic radiation can take many forms, such as microwaves, infrared light, visible light, UV light, X-rays and the like.
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a bear sling is used in some national parks for placing backpackers' food out of the reach of bears. as the backpacker raises the pack by pulling down on the rope, the force f needed:
Force is to be known for this problem.
What is force?
In physics, force is the push or pull that an object feels when its mass causes it to change its velocity. An external force has the ability to change a body's resting or moving state. It moves and has a size.
What constitutes speed?
the speed at which the position of an object is shifting, in any direction. Speed is defined as the product of the distance traveled and the time needed to cover that distance. Since speed simply has a focus and no magnitude, it is a scalar number.
2T cos∅ =μg
⇒ if weight (μg)
rises
⇒∅ increases
⇒ cos∅ decreases
⇒T increases
⇒F will also increases
But ∴ Cos 90° = u
⇒ not possible.
Therefore, the force is to be needed.
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How is it that a piece of wool can become positively charged in some situations and negatively charged in other situation?
The wool becomes positively charged because it gives up electrons to the rubber rod whereas wool is rubbed against a Nylon strip so the wool will steal electrons from the Nylon and form a negative charge.
What is the charge that occurs on wool?When the woolen cloth is stroke against the plastic, both wood and plastic get electrified due to friction built while rubbing. So, plastic has greater electron affinity (ability to attract electrons) in a contrast to wool, therefore, plastic acquires a negative charge and wool obtains a positive charge. When you rub a balloon with a cloth made of wool, the balloon captures electrons from the wool, leaving the balloon with a negative charge and the wool with a positive charge. If both balloons are pat with wool, they will both have the same charge (negative) and therefore will repel each other.
So we can conclude that Wool is a conductive material, which means it readily gives away its electrons. accordingly, when you rub a balloon on wool.
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a car is being driven at a rate of 40 ft/sec when the brakes are applied. the car decelerates at a constant rate of 16 ft/sec^2. calculate how far the car travels in the time it takes to stop. your answer: answer unit
The car travels a distance of 50ft before stopping, at a rate of 40 ft/sec when the brakes are applied. the car deceleration at a constant rate of 16 ft/sec^2.
Given , Initial speed of the coz ( Vo ) = 40 ft/ sec
Deceleration of the car (dv/dt ) = - 16 Ft/ sec^2
Final speed of the car (Vx ) = 0 Ft / sec
Let the distance travelled by the can be x at
any time t. Let u be the velocity at any time t .
Now , deceleration means rate of decrease of velocity.
So ,
dv/dt = - 16 ft / sec^2
decreasing with
Negative sign means the velocity is decreasing with time .
dv/dt = dv/dx(dx/dt)
dv/dx(dx/dt) = -16
dx/dt = v, so
v dv/dx = -16
vdv = -16 dx
Integrating both sides under the limit 40 to o
0 to x for 'x '. This gives
[tex]\int\limits^0_ a {v} \, dx = \int\limits^0_x {-16} \, dx[/tex]
Here, a=40
x=800/16
x=50ft.
The car travels a distance of 50ft
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according to the theory that active galactic nuclei are powered by supermassive black holes, the high luminosity of an active galactic nucleus primarily consists of .
According to the idea behind active galactic nuclei, heated plasma in an accretion disc that revolves around the black hole is principally responsible for the active galactic nucleus' high luminosity.
An active galactic nucleus (AGN) is a compact area at the Centre of a galaxy that exhibits features that indicate the luminosity is not coming from stars and is substantially brighter than usual over at least some of the electromagnetic spectrum. Is called active galactic nucleus.
A light-emitting object's radiant power, which is measured in absolute terms as luminosity, is the electromagnetic power that it radiates out over time. The total quantity of electromagnetic energy released by a star, galaxy, or other celestial object in a given amount of time is measured as luminosity in astronomy.
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In which situation would the use of a vector quantity be most appropriate? (1 point)
determining the net force that is acting on an object
determining the high and low temperatures on any given day
determining whether it takes more time to melt ice or to melt butter
determining whether a van is moving faster than the speed limit
The situation that would be most appropriate to the use a vector quantity is determining the net force that is acting on an object.
option A is the correct answer.
What is vector quantity?Vector quantities are the physical quantities characterized by the presence of both magnitude as well as direction.
Examples of vector quantities include the following;
Displacement, force, torque, momentum, acceleration, velocity, etcScalar quantities, are those physical quantities that have only magnitude without direction. Example is temperature.
Thus, the situation that would be most appropriate to the use a vector quantity is the situation that needs to be described by both magnitude and direction.
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Given newton’s first law of motion, what do we reasonably expect an object to do given the following scenarios?.
According to Newton’s first law of motion, we reasonably expect a stationary object will remain at rest or a moving object will have a uniform motion (have constant velocity) in a straight line.
Newton's first law of motion states, if there are no actions of an external force or forces, that are balanced, every object will remain at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line path. The formula ∑F = 0 with ∑F the external forces.
If an object is in a stationary condition, the object will remain at its rest.If an object is in motion, it will keep moving with a constant velocityThis law call law of inertia. Example
A boy sits on a chair, the weight force and the normal force from the chair keep the boy remain to sitting on the chair.A bus suddenly hit the brake, and people inside the bus will move slightly to the front and back, but they still sit on the chair.Learn more about Newton's first law here: https://brainly.com/question/10454047
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10. a helium balloon is held by its string in a car with the windows rolled up. the car, initially at rest, accelerates forward. which direction does the balloon move? explain.
The helium-stuffed ball is surely transferring against the direction of what looks like gravity.
The equal thing that it does while you're not in an accelerating body. It does that for the equal motive: buoyancy because of being lighter than air. The air inside the vehicle has a higher density inside the back of the car than it does inside the front. this means that the net pressure on the balloon due to collisions with the air will be in the ahead path.
The balloon does the other to something your body could do. for that reason, if the car comes to rest the balloon moves toward the return. The secret is that the balloon is filled with helium (He) and you are made of stuff a great deal heavier than air.
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a rollercoaster cart with a total mass of 1,000kg is at the top of a hill moving at 2ms. assuming no friction and neglecting air resistance, what is the speed of the cart when it reaches the bottom of the hill, 30m below?
Using the supposition that there is no friction and disregarding air resistance, the speed of the cart at the bottom of the hill is 24.6ms.
What kind of forces does friction produce?Small bumps collide with one another as surfaces move over one another. Friction acts as a resisting force on the surface's motion. Friction can be reduced by lubricants.
What exactly are the rules of friction?The friction caused by a moving item is inversely propotional and runs perpendicular to it. The type of surface the thing is in touch with determines the amount of friction it experiences. As long as there is a point of contact, friction remains independent of a area of contact.
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What is the phase angle between the voltages of the inductor and capacitor in a rlc series circuit?.
Answer: at least 180 degrees
what must be the magnitude of the current in the outer wire so that the net magnetic field due to this combination of wires is zero at the common center of the wires?
magnetic field caused by the combination of wires to cancel out, the current will flow in a direction . The current will therefore move in the other direction,. The outside wire is experiencing a 15.83 A current.
The electric current formula, I=V/R, can be used to determine how much current is flowing. The "current equation," as it is commonly known, is derived from Ohm's Law. The variable "I" denotes current, "V" denotes voltage, and "R" denotes resistance.
What do current and electron actually mean?Electron movement is referred to as electron current. The positive terminal receives electrons that are released by the negative terminal. Traditional current, usually referred to as just current, exhibits behavior consistent with positive charge carriers being the source of current flow. A positive terminal receives normal current, which then travels to a negative terminal.
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a 650-n billboard worker stands on a 4.00-m scaffold weighing 600 n and supported by vertical ropes at each end. how far would the worker stand from one of the supporting ropes to produce a tension of 660 n in that rope?
Answer:
1.785 m
Explanation:
Without the worker the scaffolding produces 300N tension in each rope
if worker is in the middle, each rope will support 1/2 of worker's weight (325 N) for a total of 625 N <==== so worker will be pretty close to middle for tension of 660 N
Need 360 N in addition to 300N board
360 * x = 290 ( 4-x)
x = 1.785 meters from an end
Well ....that is kinda the 'intuitive approach'.....maybe this way will be more clear:
The moments around one end have to be = 0 or the plank will move
from the left end moments:
600 ( 2.000) + 650 ( x) = 660 (4.000)
x = 2.215 m from left end or 1.785 m from R end (that has the 660 N tension)
. A girl of mass 35 kg and boy of mass 25 kg are connected by a light rope. They move horizontally in a skating rink. A second rope is attached to the girl and with this second rope, she is pulled by a force of 300 N. The magnitude of their acceleration is ?
The magnitude of the acceleration of the boy and the girl is 5 m/s².
What is the acceleration of the boy and the girl?The magnitude of the acceleration of the boy and the girl is determined by applying Newton's second law of motion as shown below.
F = ma
where;
F is the net force on the boy and girl = Tm is total mass of the boy and the girl = m₁ + m₂a is the common acceleration of the boy and the girlsubstitute the given parameters and solve for the common acceleration of the boy and the girl
a = T/(m₁+ m₂)
a = (300 N) / (35 kg + 25 kg)
a = 5 m/s²
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Two asteroids with masses 3. 71 x 105 kg and 1. 88 x 104 kg are separated by
a distance of 1,300 m. What is the gravitational force between the asteroids?
Newton's law of gravitation is F.
gravity
Gm m2. The gravitational constant
Gis 6. 67 x 10-11 N-m2/kg?.
The gravitational force between the asteroids with masses 3. 71 x 10^5 kg and 1. 88 x 10^4 kg are separated by a distance of 1,300 m is 27.5 * 10^-8 N
F = G m1 m2 / r²
F = Gravitational force
m1 , m2 = Masses
r = Distance between m1 and m2
m1 = 3.71 * 10^5 kg
m2 = 1.88 * 10^4 kg
r = 1300 m
G = 6.67 * 10^-11 N m² / kg²
F = 6.67 * 10^-11 * 3.71 * 10^5 * 1.88 * 10^4 / 1300²
F = 46.52 * 10^-2 / 169 * 10^4
F = 27.5 * 10^-8 N
According to Newton's law of gravitation, any matter in the universe attracts another matter with a force. This force of attraction is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of distance between them.
Therefore, the gravitational force between the asteroids is 27.5 * 10^-8 N
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An inclined plane make an angle of 30 degree with the horizontal. Find the contant force applied parallel to the plane required to caue a 15kg box to lide up the plane with anm acceleration of 1. 2m/^2 and down thge incline with an acceleration o1. 2m/^2. Neglect friction force
The constant force applied parallel to the plane required to cause a 15kg box to line up is 127.31 N.
Acceleration is the rate of change of the velocity of an item with appreciation to time. Accelerations are vector portions. The orientation of an item's acceleration is given by the orientation of the net pressure appearing on that object.
Calculation:-
mass =15 kg
Normal force = mgCos30°
parallel force = mgsin30°
acceleration required = 1.2 m/s²
Contact force = 15 × 9.8 × √3/2
= 127.31 N
Acceleration is the charge at which velocity modifications with time, in terms of each speed and route. A factor or an object moving in a straight line is accelerated if it quickens or slows down. Movement on a circle is extended despite the fact that the rate is consistent because the course is continually changing.
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a 5kg cat is lifted 2 meters into the air. how much gpe does it gain?
Answer:
100
Explanation:
PE=mgh=5×10×2=100Jhow would the gravitational force of star james change if star james contracted to 1/7 of its previous diameter, without osing any of it's matter
The final gravitational force at the surface of the star is 49 times of the initial gravitational force.
Gravitational force definitions.The attraction that exists between all masses in the universe, particularly between the mass of the earth and objects that are close to its surface.
Use Newton's gravitational law to find the gravitational force at the surface of a star if the star contracted to one fifth of its previous diameter as follows.
Newton's gravitational law states that the gravitational force between two objects is inversely proportional to the square of their distance and directly proportional to the product of their masses.
[tex]F_g}[/tex] =GMm/r²
In this case, the two objects' masses are M and m, G is the gravitational constant, and r is their separation from one another.
Since mass is constant, the gravitational force at the surface of a star before contraction is,
F₁ =GMm/r₁²
Here, r₁ is initial diameter of the star.
The gravitational force at the surface of a star after the contraction is,
F₂ =GMm/r₂²
Here, r₂ is final diameter of the star.
Compare the equations, we get
F₂/F₁= GMm/r₂²/GMm/r₁²
F₂/F₁=(r₁/r₂)²
F₂ = F₁(r₁/r₂)²
Substitute r₁/7 for r₂ in equation and solve for final gravitational force on the star.
F₂ = F₁(r₁/r₁/7)²
F₂= 49F₁
Therefore, the final gravitational force at the surface of the star is 49 times of the initial gravitational force.
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answer the following questions for projectile motion on level ground assuming negligible air resistance (the initial angle being neither nor ): (a) is the velocity ever zero? (b) when is the velocity a minimum? a maximum? (c) can the velocity ever be the same as the initial velocity at a time other than at ? (d) can the speed ever be the same as the initial speed at a time other than at ?
Explanation
a) The velocity will never be zero. The velocity at the highest point of the projectile will be the smallest, equal to the horizontal component of the initial velocity.
b) The velocity will be zero when the kinetic energy is zero. When kinetic energy is at its lowest, potential energy is at its highest. Because potential energy is greatest at the highest point, velocity is greatest at the highest point.
c) Because a constant force of gravity acts on the projectile at all times, velocity will never be the same as initial velocity.
d) When the bullet bounces back and strikes the ground, the speed equals the initial speed (at t = 0), because the height is zero and the kinetic energy is equal to the initial energy.
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an atwood's machine (see the figure below) consists of two masses: one of mass 4.93 kg and the other of mass 11.9 kg. when released from rest, what is the acceleration of the system? (enter the magnitude in m/s2.)
Using the concepts of atwood machine, we got 4.05m[tex]s^{-2}[/tex]. is the acceleration of system when released from rest.
We know very well that in atwood`s two bodies having different mass are hanged around the pulley.
The accceleration of the atwood is given by :
a=((m2-m1)/(m2+m1))×g, where m2 is the mass of heavier body,m1 is the mass of lighter body and g is the acceleration due to gravity.
So, according to question m2=11.9,m1=4.93 and g=9.8
So, on putting the value in above formula, we got
a=[(11.9-4.93)/(11.9+4.93)]×9.8
=>a=[(6.97)/(16.83)]×9.8
=>a=4.05m[tex]s^{-2}[/tex].
Hence, an atwood machine in which two masses: one of mass 4.93 kg and the other of mass 11.9 kg. when released from rest, the acceleration of the system is 4.05m[tex]s^{-2}[/tex].
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What is the normal force acting on a 50kg dog? A)540N b)570N c)490N d)440N
Answer:
C) 490
Explanation:
Normal force = mass × gravitational acceleration
50kg × 9.8
490 N
a 1621 kg car is traveling down the road at 84.6 km/h. while traveling at this rate of speed, what is the kinetic energy of this vehicle in kilojoules?
The kinetic energy of the car in kilojoules is 447 KJ.
The kinetic energy of the car is, E = 1/2 m[tex]v^{2}[/tex]
The velocity of the car is, v = v (1000m/3600s)
V = 23.5 m/s
The kinetic energy of the car in joules is,
E = 1/2m[tex]v^{2}[/tex]
E = 1/2 (1621)(23.5)
E = 447KJ
An object's kinetic energy is the power it draws from movement. It is described as the amount of effort required to accelerate a body of a specific mass from rest to its specified velocity. The body keeps its kinetic energy after gaining it during acceleration, barring changes in speed. When slowing down from its current pace to a condition of rest, the body expends the same amount of energy. Any term in a system's Lagrangiam that has a derivative with respect to time is formally referred to as having kinetic energy.
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An object has an acceleration of 8.0 m/s/s. If the net force experienced by the object is decreased by a factor of 3.7 and if the mass of the object is decreased by a factor of 2.6, then the new acceleration would be ____ m/s/s.
An object has an acceleration of 8.0 m/s/s. If the net force experienced by the object is decreased by a factor of 3.7 and if the mass of the object is decreased by a factor of 2.6, then the new acceleration would be 5.62 [tex]m/s^{2}[/tex]
force 1 = mass1 * acceleration 1
force 1 = mass1 * 8
f1 = m1 * 8
force 2 = mass 2 * acceleration 2
force1 / 3.7 = (mass 1 / 2.6) * acceleration 2
f1 / 3.7 = (m1 / 2.6) * a2
( m1 * 8 ) / 3.7 = (m1 / 2.6) * a2
a2 = 5.62 [tex]m/s^{2}[/tex]
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question: if so, what is the star's average absolute magnitude (m) (think average luminosity) to 0.01 magnitudes? (1 point)
Mv is equal to m - 2.5 log(d/10)2. There is a minus sign in the expression because stars distant than 10 pc have Mv that is more negative than m. Make careful you provide the star's given distance in parsecs (1 pc = 3.26 ly = 206265 AU) if you use this formula.
The moon can appear to be nearly -13 magnitude bright, the moon can appear to be -6 magnitude bright, and stars can get as bright as nearly -1.5 magnitude.
The star's actual magnitude is determined by subtracting its apparent magnitude by five times the trigonometric parallax of its distance from the star.
First-magnitude stars have apparent magnitudes less than +1.50, making them the brightest stars in the night sky. In the first century B.C., Hipparchus invented the magnitude scale. He assigned first magnitude to the 20 brightest stars and sixth magnitude to the stars that are faint enough to be seen with the unaided eye.
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a student walks 40 meters along a hallway that heads due north, then turns and walks 30 meters along another hallway that heads due east. what is the magnitude of the student's resultant displacement?
The magnitude of the student's resultant displacement is 50 m.
To find the magnitude of displacement we must make all the paths.
Pick the first point as a starting point.Pick the last point as a finished point.Then make a straight line from starting point to the finished point. This line is the displacement. If the path makes a right triangle we can use Pythagorean theory.Look at the picture
40 meters due northThen turns and walks 30 meters due east. The displacement line is the red line.The path makes a right triangle.d² = 40²+30²
d² = 1,600+900
d² = 2,500
[tex]d \:=\: \sqrt{2,500}[/tex]
d = 50 m
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which method of thermal energy transfer would be fastest through a vacuum, which would be fastest through a gas, and which would be fastest through a solid?
The method of radiation is faster through a vacuum, the method of convection is faster through a gas and the method of conduction is faster through a solid.
There are three modes of heat transfer:
conduction
convection, and
radiation
Radiation:
The emission of energy as electromagnetic waves or as moving subatomic particles, especially high-energy particles causes ionization. As we know vacuum does not require any medium so radiation is the heat transfer which is faster in a vacuum.
Therefore we get that in vacuum radiation, solid conduction, and gas convection heat transfer is faster.
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what is the direction of the frictional force exerted on a coffee cup being pulled to the right across a table?
To the left. When a force is applied to stop it from moving, frictional force provides resistance.It always moves in the opposite direction of an item in motion
What is meant by frictional force?When a force is applied to stop it from moving, frictional force provides resistance.As a result, it always moves in the opposite direction of an item in motion.Friction acts on the right when force is applied to the left. The force produced by two surfaces coming into contact and sliding against one another is referred to as frictional force.The following variables impact the frictional force:Surface roughness and the amount of force pressing them together have the biggest an impact on these forces.A force that is applied to an object by a person or another object is known as an applied force.A desk is being subjected to applied force if someone is pushing it across the room.The person's force applied to the desk is known as the applied force.To learn more about frictional force refer
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sae 6.8 the resolution of a microscope is limited to approximately one-half the wavelength of the light source. because of this limitation, microscopes capable of obtaining atomic-scale images use electrons instead of visible light to illuminate samples. to distinguish atoms separated by a few hundred picometers, as they are in most solids, the electron wavelength should be less than or equal to approximately 200 pm. to what speed must the electrons be accelerated to attain this wavelength?
To find the speed of electrons, known the accelerated and wavelength.
What is acceleration?
The rate of change in both speed and direction of velocity over time is defined as acceleration. When anything moves faster or slower in a straight line, it is said to have been accelerated. Because the direction is always shifting, motion on a circle accelerates even when the speed is constant.
What is wavelength?
A waveform signal's wavelength is defined as the separation between two identical points (adjacent crests) in adjacent cycles as the signal travels through space or along a wire. This length in wireless systems is typically expressed in meters (m), centimeters (cm), or millimeters (mm).
λ=h/p
⇒ 200pm=h/m×v
V=6.626×10^⁻³⁴/9.1×10^⁻³¹×200×10^⁻¹²
=0.00364×10^⁻³⁺¹²
=0.00364×10⁹
v⇒3.64×10⁶m/s
Therefore, the speed of the electron accelerated to 3.64×10⁶m/s attain this wavelength.
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