Which are concepts that adam smith first introduced in his 1776 book the wealth of nations?

Answer:

Option A, "President Reagan wanted to ensure peace by having a strong military that would be ready to step in and aid anti-communist movements around the world," best describes President Reagan's "peace through strength" policy.

Reagan believed that the best way to achieve peace was to project strength and deter potential adversaries from taking aggressive actions. He advocated for a strong military and increased defense spending, with the goal of being able to respond to any potential threat around the world. This included supporting anti-communist movements in countries such as Nicaragua, El Salvador, and Afghanistan.

Reagan's policy was based on the belief that a strong military would discourage aggression and lead to greater stability and security, both for the United States and for its allies. He believed that by projecting strength, the United States could force the Soviet Union to negotiate from a position of weakness and eventually bring an end to the Cold War.

While Reagan's policy was criticized by some for its emphasis on military spending and its support for anti-communist movements, it is generally seen as having played a significant role in the eventual collapse of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War.

Answer:

A

Explanation:

The Constitution of the United States provides the foundational framework for the judiciary but leaves certain questions open for interpretation.

Here are a few examples of such questions and their resolutions:

Judicial Review: The Constitution does not explicitly grant the power of judicial review, which allows the courts to interpret & invalidate laws that are deemed unconstitutional.

Scope of Federal Jurisdiction: The Constitution outlines the jurisdiction of the federal judiciary, but it does not provide specific details on the scope of that jurisdiction. Over time, the courts have interpreted the Constitution's grants of jurisdiction to establish the extent of federal authority.

Rights of the Accused: The Constitution guarantees certain rights to the accused, such as the right to counsel and protection against self-incrimination. However, the exact interpretation and application of these rights have been subject to ongoing debate and clarification.

Equal Protection: The concept of equal protection under the law, outlined in the Fourteenth Amendment, is a fundamental principle of the Constitution. However, it does not explicitly define the scope of this protection or address issues of discrimination.

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Colonial trade is a vital component of the British economy and any interference with it would have serious consequences. It is the duty of the British government to protect the interests of the colonies and maintain the close relationship that has existed between them and Britain for centuries.

Dear Honorable Members of Parliament,

I am writing this letter to express my strong opposition to the proposal to interfere with colonial trade by the British government. The colonies have always been an integral part of the British Empire and they have contributed significantly to the growth and development of the nation.

Interfering with colonial trade would have far-reaching consequences, not only for the colonies but also for the British economy as a whole. The colonies depend heavily on trade with Britain for their economic survival, and any restrictions on this trade would severely affect their growth and development.

Moreover, the colonies have been loyal to the British Crown for centuries, and it is the duty of the British government to protect their interests. Interfering with colonial trade would be a violation of this duty and would harm the relationship between the colonies and the mother country.

It is therefore my humble request to the British government to reconsider its proposal and not interfere with colonial trade. I urge the Parliament to take appropriate measures to protect the interests of the colonies and to maintain the close relationship that has existed between them and Britain for centuries.

Colonial trade is a vital component of the British economy and any interference with it would have serious consequences. It is the duty of the British government to protect the interests of the colonies and maintain the close relationship that has existed between them and Britain for centuries. I hope that the Parliament will take appropriate measures to protect the interests of the colonies and ensure that the relationship between them and Britain remains strong and mutually beneficial.

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The South needed to do several things in order to win the Civil War. 1. Capitalize on early momentum At the beginning of the war, the South had several advantages over the North.

They had more experienced military leaders, a greater familiarity with the terrain, and a stronger tradition of military service. If the South had been able to capitalize on this early momentum and win key victories in the early stages of the war, they might have been able to convince the North to negotiate a peace treaty.

2. Secure foreign supportOne of the key reasons that the South ultimately lost the Civil War was that they were unable to secure support from foreign powers. If the Confederacy had been able to convince European powers like Great Britain or France to recognize them as a legitimate government and provide them with military and financial support, they might have been able to turn the tide of the war in their favor.

3. Engage in defensive warfareOne of the biggest mistakes that the South made during the Civil War was their decision to engage in offensive warfare. By trying to invade the North and capture key cities like Washington D.C. and Baltimore, the Confederacy spread their military forces too thin and left their own territory vulnerable to attack.

4. Emancipate slavesOne of the most significant factors that ultimately led to the South's defeat was their inability to maintain a steady supply of soldiers and resources. One strategy that might have helped the Confederacy overcome this challenge would have been to emancipate slaves and enlist them in the military.

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Answer:

The Prime Meridian is the imaginary line that is used to separate the northen and the southern hemispheres

In a statement during the 1992 presidential campaign, an organization argued that the wages paid by U.S. firms in their Mexican plants were so low that they "have no relationship with worker productivity." This statement reflects the basic principles of profit maximization.

According to the principles of profit maximization, a firm maximizes profits when it produces goods or services at the lowest possible cost and sells them at the highest possible price. One way to reduce the cost of production is to reduce wages. Thus, firms often choose to set wages at a level that is lower than what workers would be able to earn elsewhere. This strategy is known as wage moderation.

Wage moderation is a way to increase profits by reducing the cost of labor. It is based on the idea that wages should be set at a level that is lower than what workers would be able to earn elsewhere. This allows firms to keep their costs low and sell their products at a higher price. However, this strategy can also have negative consequences for workers. When wages are set too low, workers may become demotivated and may not work as hard as they would if they were paid more. This can lead to lower productivity, which can ultimately lead to lower profits.

Therefore, the statement that the wages paid by U.S. firms in their Mexican plants have no relationship with worker productivity is not entirely accurate. While it is true that firms may set wages lower than what workers would be able to earn elsewhere, this strategy can also have negative consequences for productivity. Ultimately, the optimal wage level for a firm is one that balances the cost of labor with the productivity of workers.

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Reformers aimed to change society's most pressing issues such as poverty, crime, education, racism, women's rights, and child labor. They aimed to make society more just, equal, and humane by promoting equality and providing opportunities for everyone to succeed.

Reformers sought to change various aspects of society. The movements for social reform in the 1800s were designed to address several problems that plagued society, including poverty, crime, racism, education, and women's rights. They sought to make society a better place by fixing its flaws, promoting equality, and providing people with opportunities to succeed. Women's rights were a big concern for reformers, who sought to give women the right to vote, own property, and receive an education.

The temperance movement was a social reform movement that aimed to prohibit the consumption of alcoholic beverages. The movement's goal was to reduce crime, poverty, and violence, which were seen as the result of alcohol consumption. The labor movement aimed to improve the working conditions of factory workers, particularly children who were often exploited and forced to work long hours in dangerous conditions.The abolition movement was also a key aspect of social reform in the United States. Abolitionists sought to end slavery and racial discrimination, which was enshrined in law at the time. These movements all aimed to make society more just, equal, and humane.

Reformers aimed to change society's most pressing issues such as poverty, crime, education, racism, women's rights, and child labor. They aimed to make society more just, equal, and humane by promoting equality and providing opportunities for everyone to succeed. The temperance movement aimed to prohibit the consumption of alcoholic beverages, while the labor movement aimed to improve working conditions for factory workers, particularly children. The abolition movement sought to end slavery and racial discrimination, which was a key aspect of social reform in the United States.

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The Ohio State and Michigan studies were collaborative research efforts conducted in the 1950s and 1960s, focusing on the effects of media violence on behavior.

These studies aimed to examine how exposure to violent media content influenced individuals' aggressive tendencies.

The Ohio State studies, led by researchers such as Albert Bandura, involved experiments where participants were exposed to violent films or television shows and then observed for changes in behavior. The results showed that exposure to media violence increased the likelihood of aggressive behavior and aggressive thoughts in individuals.

On the other hand, the Michigan studies, led by researchers such as Leonard Eron, followed a longitudinal approach. They examined the long-term effects of media violence exposure by tracking children over several years and assessing their aggressive behavior and attitudes. The findings indicated that children who were exposed to higher levels of media violence exhibited more aggression in their behavior as they grew older.

Overall, both the Ohio State and Michigan studies found a consistent link between exposure to media violence and increased aggression. They demonstrated that individuals, especially children, who were exposed to violent media content were more likely to display aggressive behaviors and have aggressive thoughts.

While the methods differed between the two studies, with the Ohio State studies utilizing experimental designs and the Michigan studies employing longitudinal observations, both research efforts contributed to the understanding of the relationship between media violence and aggression. They provided compelling evidence that exposure to violent media content can have detrimental effects on behavior, particularly in terms of increased aggression.

The collaborative studies in the 1950s and 1960s collectively established a foundation of research on media violence and its impact on individuals. These findings continue to influence subsequent studies in the field and inform discussions on media effects and the potential risks associated with exposure to violent media content.

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Southern Democrats demanded the withdrawal of federal troops and a Southern Democrat in the president's cabinet, while Republicans gained the presidency for Rutherford B. Hayes by accepting these demands and ending Reconstruction.

Reconstruction" refers to the period following the American Civil War (1861-1865) when efforts were made to rebuild and transform the South.

Reconstruction aimed to address issues such as the emancipation of slaves, civil rights for African Americans, and the reintegration of Confederate states into the Union.

However, the Compromise of 1877 effectively marked the end of Reconstruction as Southern Democrats sought to regain control and suppress the rights of African Americans.

The compromise resulted in the withdrawal of federal troops, undermining the progress made during Reconstruction and leading to the subsequent imposition of discriminatory laws and practices like Jim Crow segregation.

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Sir Walter Raleigh argued that England should establish colonies in the New World, and he was instrumental in the founding of the Roanoke Colony.

However, his efforts were hampered by a lack of resources and support, and he was ultimately imprisoned for his role in the failed venture.

Sir Walter Raleigh was an English explorer and writer who was granted the authority to colonize Virginia by Queen Elizabeth I. He founded the Roanoke Colony on Roanoke Island, which is now part of Dare County, North Carolina, in 1587. As a result, we can say that the country that Sir Walter Raleigh argued should establish colonies in the New World is England.

Sir Walter Raleigh was a prominent English writer, poet, explorer, and adventurer who is best known for his role in establishing England's first American colonies. He was born into a wealthy Devon family and was a courtier and favorite of Queen Elizabeth I. He used his connections to gain royal support for his American expeditions, which were aimed at exploring and colonizing parts of North America that were claimed by Spain.

Raleigh founded the Roanoke Colony in Virginia in 1587, but it failed due to a lack of supplies and support from England. Raleigh returned to England to request more assistance, but he was eventually arrested and imprisoned for treason against James I, who succeeded Elizabeth I.

Sir Walter Raleigh argued that England should establish colonies in the New World, and he was instrumental in the founding of the Roanoke Colony. However, his efforts were hampered by a lack of resources and support, and he was ultimately imprisoned for his role in the failed venture. Despite this setback, Raleigh's vision and ambition laid the groundwork for future English exploration and settlement in the Americas.

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The event that led to reduction of U.S. troop strength in Vietnam is " announcement of the policy of Vietnamization". Therefore, option B is correct.

The announcement of the Vietnamization policy reduced the size of the US military presence in Vietnam. Vietnamization was a strategy implemented by the U.S. government under President Richard Nixon to gradually shift the burden of combat to the South Vietnamese military and reduce the direct involvement of U.S. forces in the Vietnam War.

This policy aimed at training and equipping the South Vietnamese Army, which was responsible for waging war against the Vietnamese and North Vietnamese forces. As a result, the United States began withdrawing troops from Vietnam, reducing its military presence and transferring responsibility to the South Vietnamese Army.

Behind this decision was the desire to end the costly and unpopular war and shift the burden to local forces. 

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I took the law into my own hands is Vigilante. Therefore, option B is correct.

A vigilante is someone who takes the law into their own hands and acts outside the legal system to enforce justice or impose punishment to someone. Vigilante justice often occurs in situations where an individual feels that existing legal authority is invalid or inadequate to do any justice.

Vigilantes can take actions such as arresting criminals, imposing penalties, and enforcing legal positions. It can occur in a variety of situations, but is generally considered illegal and can cause social unrest and clashes with official police and authority. 

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The long-term effects of the solutions introduced in American society have had profound implications for civil rights and equality. The civil rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s was influenced by ideals of equality and justice, leading to landmark legislation such as the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965.

These laws were intended to combat racism and pave the way. Discrimination and Segregation Paving the way for civil rights progress for African Americans and other marginalized groups.

The struggle for equality and social justice continues to shape American society, inspiring subsequent movements and ongoing efforts to address systemic inequalities and promote inclusiveness. 

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The term or name that does not belong in the group is nativism when compared to labor union and strike.

Nativism refers to a political ideology that puts the interests of indigenous or established peoples above those of immigrants. It is primarily about protecting the interests and privileges of existing populations from those of immigrants and newcomers.

Unions and strikes concern workers' rights and collective bargaining. A trade union is an organized group of workers formed to protect and advance their interests, whereas a strike is a way for workers to protest and bargain for better working conditions, wages and benefits. It is a collective action that refuses to work for

Nativism focuses on immigration issues and concerns, as opposed to issues and policies related to workers' rights and workers' organizations. Compared to trade unions and strikes, chauvinism deals with other aspects of social and political dynamics.

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anti democracy Answer:

Explanation:

The 28th president of the United States, Thomas Woodrow Wilson, was an educator and politician from the United States who presided over the country from 1913 to 1921. Before winning the 1912 presidential election, Democratic Party member Woodrow Wilson held the positions of governor of New Jersey and president of Princeton University.

The 28th President of the United States (1913–1921) was Woodrow Wilson, a figurehead of the Progressive Movement. Following a neutral stance at the start of globe War I, Wilson pushed America into battle to "make the globe safe for democracy."

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An example of a work that breaks from the conventions of Egyptian art is Nefertari's Monuments in Ram'seum.

Created during the period of Ramesside rule, these monuments feature a much more vibrant color palette than usual for this time period and feature much more detail and realism than other works of the era. This includes the depictions of the queen in entirely human form as opposed to a more traditional divine or spiritual form.

The depictions of the queen within the monuments also omit a lot of the symbols that were typically present in ancient Egyptian art such as the collar and crown. Nefertari's Monuments are a notable example of a work breaking from convention as it shows an attempt to create something more realistic and vibrant than was typical for the era.

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The Civil Rights Movement in the United States was a pivotal moment in history that aimed to dismantle racial segregation and discrimination against African Americans.

Various individuals and groups played crucial roles in bringing about change during this movement. Here are some ways in which people in the Civil Rights Movement helped enact change:

Through their collective efforts, civil rights activists brought about significant legislative and societal changes that transformed the landscape of racial equality in the United States.

While challenges and struggles persisted, their tireless commitment to justice helped pave the way for a more inclusive and equitable society.

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President Woodrow Wilson asked Congress to declare war on Germany, citing the sinking of American ships, the Zimmerman Telegram, and the need to "make the world safe for democracy."

1. Neutral stance: At the beginning of the war in 1914, America adopted a neutral stance, staying out of the conflict between the Allied Powers (Britain, France, and Russia) and the Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire).

2. Unrestricted submarine warfare: In 1915, Germany implemented a policy of unrestricted submarine warfare, which meant sinking any ship, including civilian ones, without warning. This directly affected American interests as several American merchant ships were sunk.

3. Sinking of the Lusitania: In May 1915, the British passenger liner Lusitania, carrying American passengers, was sunk by a German U-boat. This incident resulted in the death of 128 Americans and increased public outcry against Germany.

4. Zimmermann Telegram: In 1917, the British intercepted and decoded a telegram from German Foreign Secretary Arthur Zimmermann to the Mexican government.

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Answer: a colony,

Explanation:

its my question but I got the answer from teacher......

It was formed by a committee of insurance professionals

The group responsible for forming the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) was a committee of insurance professionals. In 1896, a group of insurance underwriters established the NFPA with the goal of reducing fire-related hazards and improving fire safety standards.

The organization initially focused on developing and promoting fire prevention codes and standards to minimize fire risks in various settings, including buildings, industrial facilities, and public spaces. Over time, the NFPA has expanded its scope to encompass a wide range of fire and life safety issues, offering guidelines, training, research, and advocacy to enhance fire protection measures and educate the public about fire safety.

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Peasants were required to work on the land, care for the lord's children, and oversee the lord's vassals while maintaining the lord's estate. Peasants were expected to take the lord's oath of loyalty.

1. Peasants were required to work on the land, care for the lord's children, and oversee the lord's vassals while maintaining the lord's estate. The lord provided land to peasants who were required to work on the land and care for the lord's children. Peasants also had to look after the lord's vassals and maintain the lord's estate.

2. Peasants were expected to take the lord's oath of loyalty. Peasants had to swear their loyalty to the lord and promise to protect him and his interests. This was an essential aspect of the feudal system.

3. They had to give a significant part of their produce to the lord. Peasants were also required to give a significant part of their produce to the lord. This could be in the form of crops, livestock, or other items produced on the land. The amount of produce given was significant and varied depending on the feudal lord. Therefore, peasants had to work hard to ensure that they produced enough to fulfill their obligations.

In a fiefdom, peasants were required to work on the land, care for the lord's children, and oversee the lord's vassals while maintaining the lord's estate. The lord provided land to peasants who were required to work on the land and care for the lord's children. Peasants also had to look after the lord's vassals and maintain the lord's estate.

This was a significant part of the feudal system, which formed the basis of medieval European society.  Peasants were expected to take the lord's oath of loyalty. They had to swear their loyalty to the lord and promise to protect him and his interests.

This was an essential aspect of the feudal system and formed the basis of the social hierarchy. Without loyalty to the lord, peasants could not continue to work on the land and maintain their position in society. Peasants were also required to give a significant part of their produce to the lord.

This could be in the form of crops, livestock, or other items produced on the land. The amount of produce given was significant and varied depending on the feudal lord. Therefore, peasants had to work hard to ensure that they produced enough to fulfill their obligations.

The feudal system was a complex and hierarchical system that formed the basis of medieval European society. It allowed lords to maintain control over the land and its resources while also providing a measure of protection for the peasants who worked on the land.

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The complete question is-

In a fiefdom, a peasant was expected to work the land and care for the lord children. take the lord  oath of loyalty. oversee the lord vassals. maintain the lord estate.

Jefferson supported limited government, states' rights, agrarianism, and territorial expansion, differing from the Federalists' strong central government approach.

Thomas Jefferson's policies diverged significantly from those of the Federalists. As the leader of the Democratic-Republican Party, Jefferson advocated for a limited central government, emphasizing states' rights and agrarian values. In contrast, the Federalists, led by Alexander Hamilton, supported a strong central government and promoted industrialization and a national bank. Jefferson opposed the bank, arguing that it concentrated power in the hands of a few wealthy elites and undermined individual liberties.

He championed an agrarian society, believing that independent farmers were the foundation of a democratic republic. Jefferson also pursued an expansionist agenda, acquiring the Louisiana Territory from France and initiating the Lewis and Clark expedition to explore the newly acquired lands. In essence, Jefferson's policies centered on agrarianism, states' rights, limited government, and territorial expansion, distinguishing him from the Federalists' vision of a strong central government and industrialization.

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The president who used inherent powers to significantly expand the executive branch by enacting many new economic programs was Franklin D. Roosevelt. Franklin D. Roosevelt expanded the executive branch by enacting many new economic programs.

He used inherent powers to do so. Franklin D. Roosevelt became president in 1933 and took several measures to combat the Great Depression.

He did this by enacting many new economic programs that significantly expanded the executive branch. These programs were part of his New Deal policies that aimed to boost the country's economy. By using inherent powers, Roosevelt was able to take swift action without waiting for Congress to pass legislation.

He believed that the country needed urgent action, and he used his inherent powers to implement policies to address the economic crisis. Thus, Franklin D. Roosevelt used inherent powers to significantly expand the executive branch by enacting many new economic programs to combat the Great depression.

This helped him to become one of the most influential presidents in US history. The New Deal policies he implemented had a significant impact on the country's economic recovery and transformed the role of the federal government.

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The U.S. faced challenges like what to do with Confederate leaders, the need to reunify the country, and the devastation of southern farmland and infrastructure. So, options A, C, and D are correct.

After the completion of the Civil War, the United States faced a lot of challenges. The main issue was the fate of Confederate leaders. The government had many issues like how to handle the war and situations in the country.

The country needed to unite both politically and socially. The southern states were united and made a single country. The southern farmland and infrastructure were grouped to become a single country.

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The complete question is:

Which of these challenges were facing the united states after the end of the civil war?

a. about what to do with Confederate leaders

b.  the industrial economy of the North was failing.

c.  the country needed to be reunified.

d. southern farmland and infrastructure were devastated.

Answer:

One galvanizing issue that helped to elect Reagan was his strong stance on reducing government regulation and taxes, which became known as "Reaganomics" or supply-side economics. Reagan promised to cut taxes, reduce government spending, and deregulate industries, which he argued would stimulate economic growth, create jobs, and increase investment.

The economic policies of the Carter administration, which preceded Reagan, were seen by many as ineffective in addressing the economic challenges of the time, such as high inflation and unemployment. Reagan's message of smaller government and lower taxes resonated with many voters who were frustrated with the economic stagnation of the 1970s.

Another galvanizing issue that helped to elect Reagan was his strong stance on national defense and foreign policy. Reagan promised to restore American strength and prestige on the world stage, which appealed to many voters who were concerned about the Soviet Union's growing influence and military power.

Overall, Reagan's platform of economic and national security policies, along with his strong leadership style and optimistic message, helped to galvanize voters and win the 1980 presidential election.

The states wanted a national government for defense, commerce, unity, resolving disputes, protecting rights, and promoting the general welfare.

The states desired a national government that could effectively address their collective needs and maintains unity among them. They sought a centralized authority that could provide for their common defense, promote interstate commerce, and manage foreign relations. The states were also interested in having a national government that could resolve disputes among them, establish a uniform currency, and facilitates the movement of goods and people across state lines.

Additionally, they sought a system that would protect their individual rights and prevent the concentration of power in a single entity. The states envisioned a government that would strike a delicate balance between safeguarding their autonomy and promoting the general welfare of the nation as a whole.

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The Gulf of Mexico, Rio Grande Valley, and Houston are located in the Coastal Plains region of Texas, option d is correct.

The Coastal Plains region of Texas encompasses the eastern and southeastern parts of the state, including the Gulf Coast. The Gulf of Mexico is a significant body of water that borders the southeastern edge of Texas. The Rio Grande Valley, which stretches along the Rio Grande River, is situated in the southern part of the Coastal Plains region.

Houston, one of the largest cities in Texas, is located near the Gulf Coast within the Coastal Plains. This region is characterized by flat to gently rolling terrain, marshes, and coastal features, making it a prominent area for industries such as oil and gas, tourism, and agriculture, option d is correct.

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