which asset would you classify as being most liquid?

The concept of oxidation applies to chemical reactions involving the loss or gain of electrons. In organic chemistry, functional groups containing more electronegative elements (such as oxygen, nitrogen, or halogens) are typically more oxidized than those containing primarily carbon and hydrogen.

Therefore, the highest priority groups in organic chemistry, such as carboxylic acids or esters, are generally the most oxidized functional groups. However, it is important to note that oxidation can also refer to changes in the oxidation state of an element, which is determined by the number of electrons that it has gained or lost.

In this sense, the term "most oxidized" would refer to an element with the highest oxidation state, regardless of the specific functional group that it is a part of.

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The reaction that occurs most rapidly at standard conditions is option (e) Ag⁺(aq) + I⁻(aq) → AgI₂(s), as it has very low activation energy.  

The activation energy, temperature, and reactant concentrations are a few of the variables that affect a chemical reaction's rate. But under normal circumstances, the rate of a reaction is solely determined by its mechanism and activation energy.

In this situation, we can identify which reaction happens more quickly under typical conditions by using the reaction mechanism and activation energies.

a. H₂(g) + I₂(s) → 2HI(g)

There is a radical mechanism at work in this gas-phase reaction. Since this reaction has a relatively large activation energy, it proceeds slowly under normal circumstances.

b. Cu(s) + S(s) → CuS(s)

This reaction occurs in the solid state and is carried out by a surface mechanism. Since this reaction has a low activation energy, it proceeds quickly under normal circumstances.

c. C₆H₁₂O₆(s) + 6O₂(g) → 6CO₂(g) + 6H₂O(g)

This gas-phase reaction moves forward by means of burning. Since this reaction has a relatively large activation energy, it proceeds slowly under normal circumstances.

d. 5C₂O₄²⁻(aq) + 2MnO₄⁻(aq) + 16H⁺(aq) → 10CO₂(g) + 2Mn⁺(aq) + 8H₂O(l)

An oxidation-reduction mechanism drives this solution-phase process. Since this reaction has a relatively large activation energy, it proceeds slowly under normal circumstances.

e. Ag⁺(aq) + I⁻(aq) → AgI₂(s)

It is a precipitation mechanism that drives this solution-phase reaction. Since this reaction has a low activation energy, it proceeds quickly under normal circumstances.

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In the wet-dry ice experiment, water vapor is present due to the reaction of dry ice with water. It is important to correct the presence of water vapor when comparing the results to the mean value obtained from the dry ice experiment.

The presence of water vapor can have a small effect on the value obtained in the wet-dry ice experiment, but it should not have a large effect. This is because the mass of water vapor is much smaller than the mass of dry ice used in the experiment.

To prove this, we can use the following equations:

For the wet-dry ice experiment:
Mass of dry ice = Initial mass of dry ice - Final mass of dry ice and water vapor

For the dry ice experiment:
Mass of dry ice = Initial mass of dry ice - Final mass of dry ice

By subtracting the final mass from the initial mass in each experiment, we can determine the mass of dry ice used.

In the wet-dry ice experiment, the final mass includes both the dry ice and any water vapor that has formed. By subtracting the mass of water vapor from the final mass, we can determine the mass of dry ice that was actually used.

If we compare the mass of dry ice obtained in the wet-dry ice experiment (corrected for water vapor) to the mass obtained in the dry ice experiment, we should see a similar mean value.

In summary, the presence of water vapor can have a small effect on the results of the wet-dry ice experiment, but it should not have a large effect due to the much smaller mass of water vapor compared to dry ice. Correcting for water vapor will ensure accurate comparisons to the mean value obtained from the dry ice experiment.

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The pH of the solution is approximately 9.13, so the correct answer is A) 9.13.

To calculate the pH of the solution, we first need to determine the concentrations of NH4Cl and NH3 after mixing, and then use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation.

1. Calculate the moles of NH4Cl and NH3:
NH4Cl moles = 0.15 M × 0.250 L = 0.0375 mol
NH3 moles = 0.20 M × 0.100 L = 0.0200 mol

2. Calculate the new concentrations after mixing:
Total volume = 0.250 L + 0.100 L = 0.350 L

[NH4Cl] = 0.0375 mol / 0.350 L = 0.1071 M
[NH3] = 0.0200 mol / 0.350 L = 0.0571 M

3. Determine the Ka and pKa for NH4+ ion (conjugate acid of NH3):
Ka = Kw / Kb

    = 1.0 × 10^-14 / 1.8 × 10^-5

    = 5.56 × 10^-10

pKa = -log(Ka) = 9.25

4. Use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation to calculate the pH:
pH = pKa + log([NH3] / [NH4Cl])

    = 9.25 + log(0.0571 / 0.1071)

    ≈ 9.13

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6.498 kJ of heat energy is required to melt 218.2 g of HBr.

heat energy is required to melt 218.2 g of HBr, we need to use the following formula:

Q = m x ΔHfus

Where Q is the heat energy required, m is the mass of HBr being melted, and ΔHfus is the molar heat of fusion of HBr.
the molar mass of HBr

HBr consists of one hydrogen atom and one bromine atom.
Molar mass of H = 1.01 g/mol
Molar mass of Br = 79.9 g/mol
Molar mass of HBr = 1.01 + 79.9 = 80.91 g/mol
Determine the number of moles of HBr
moles = mass / molar mass
moles = 218.2 g / 80.91 g/mol = 2.696 mol
the heat energy required to melt HBr
Heat energy = moles × molar heat of fusion
Heat energy = 2.696 mol × 2.41 kJ/mol = 6.498 kJ

So, 6.498 kJ of heat energy is required to melt 218.2 g of HBr.

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True. In this lab, yeast is used as a catalyst to decompose hydrogen peroxide, speeding up the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. Here's a step-by-step explanation:

1. Yeast, a fungus, contains an enzyme called catalase.
2. When yeast is added to a solution containing hydrogen peroxide, catalase acts as a catalyst.
3. A catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed or altered.
4. Catalase helps to decompose hydrogen peroxide into water  and oxygen gas at a faster rate.
5. This decomposition reaction is important because hydrogen peroxide can be harmful to cells if not broken down.

So, yeast acts as a catalyst in this lab, hastening the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide.

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Explanation:

To determine how many liters of ethyne (C₂H₂) can form at STP, we need to use stoichiometry and the ideal gas law.

First, let's determine the number of moles of CaC₂ and H₂O that reacted. From the given information, we know that the mass of water is 10.0 g and the mass of CaC₂ is 2.0 g. We can use the molar masses of CaC₂ (64.10 g/mol) and H₂O (18.02 g/mol) to convert the masses to moles:

moles of CaC₂ = 2.0 g / 64.10 g/mol = 0.0312 mol

moles of H₂O = 10.0 g / 18.02 g/mol = 0.555 mol

Next, we need to determine the limiting reactant to find out how many moles of ethyne can form. To do this, we compare the mole ratio of CaC₂ to H₂O in the balanced equation:

CaC₂ + 2H₂O → C₂H₂ + Ca(OH)₂

1 2

For every 1 mole of CaC₂, we need 2 moles of H₂O to react. The moles of H₂O we have (0.555 mol) are more than enough to react with the moles of CaC₂ we have (0.0312 mol). Therefore, CaC₂ is the limiting reactant.

Now we can use the mole ratio of CaC₂ to C₂H₂ in the balanced equation to find the moles of C₂H₂ that can form:

CaC₂ + 2H₂O → C₂H₂ + Ca(OH)₂

1 1

1 mole of CaC₂ produces 1 mole of C₂H₂. Therefore, the moles of C₂H₂ that can form is also 0.0312 mol.

Finally, we can use the ideal gas law to find the volume of C₂H₂ at STP. The ideal gas law is PV = nRT, where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature. At STP, the pressure is 1 atm and the temperature is 273 K.

Plugging in the values, we get:

V = (nRT) / P

V = (0.0312 mol)(0.0821 L·atm/mol·K)(273 K) / 1 atm

V = 0.738 L

Therefore, the volume of C₂H₂ that can form at STP is 0.738 L.

The level of oxidation of a functional group is determined by the number of oxygen atoms bonded to carbon. Alcohols are partially oxidized, aldehydes are slightly more oxidized, and carboxylic acids are the most oxidized functional group due to the presence of both a carbonyl group and a hydroxyl group.

Oxidation refers to the addition of oxygen atoms to a molecule or the removal of electrons from it. The number of oxygen atoms bonded to carbon in the functional group of a molecule determines the level of oxidation.

Alcohols have a partially oxidized functional group because they contain only one oxygen atom bonded to a carbon atom. The oxygen atom in alcohols is not fully oxidized because it is still bonded to a hydrogen atom. Aldehydes, on the other hand, have a carbonyl group, which contains a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom, but they lack a hydroxyl group. Therefore, aldehydes are slightly more oxidized than alcohols.

Carboxylic acids have the highest degree of oxidation because they contain both a carbonyl group and a hydroxyl group. The carbonyl group is fully oxidized, and the hydroxyl group is partially oxidized. This arrangement makes carboxylic acids the most oxidized functional group among the given options.

Therefore, carboxylic acids are the most oxidized, followed by aldehydes and then alcohols.

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A solution in which solute-solvent interactions are the same or similar to the solute-solute and solvent-solvent interactions is called a Ideal solution.

Generally an ideal solution is defined as a mixture in which the molecules of different species are often distinguishable, however, unlike the ideal gas, the molecules in ideal solution usually exert forces upon one another. And when these forces are the same for all the molecules independent of species then a solution is said to be ideal in nature.

Also, an ideal solution is defined as that solution in which each component obeys Raoult's law under each and every conditions of temperature and concentrations.

A solution is said to be ideal in nature in which solute-solvent interactions are the same or similar to the solute-solute and solvent-solvent interactions.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Thus, the first member of the alcohol homologous series is methyl alcohol, the second is ethyl alcohol, the third member is propyl alcohol and the fourth member is butyl alcohol. The formula that shows the arrangement of atoms in a molecule of a compound is known as a structural formula.

The first stage of dissociation of H₂SeO₄ can be represented as follows:

H₂SeO₄(aq) + H₂O(l) ↔ H₃O+(aq) + HSeO₄⁻(aq)

The net ionic equation for this reaction is:

H₂SeO₄(aq) ↔ H⁺(aq) + HSeO₄⁻(aq)

In this equation, the spectator ion is the H₂O molecule, which is not involved in the reaction and appears on both sides of the equation.

The phases of the species involved in this equation are:

H₂SeO₄(aq) - aqueous (dissolved in water)

H⁺(aq) - aqueous (dissolved in water)

HSeO₄⁻(aq) - aqueous (dissolved in water)

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The pH at 25°C of a 0.27M solution of anilinium chloride C₆H₅NH₃Cl is 4.62.

Aniline (C₆H₅NH₂) is a weak base with a pKb of 4.87. Thus, its conjugate acid, anilinium ion (C₆H₅NH₃⁺), has a pKa of 9.13, which means it is a weak acid. When anilinium chloride is dissolved in water, it undergoes hydrolysis to produce anilinium ion and chloride ion. The anilinium ion then undergoes acid-base equilibrium with water to form aniline and hydronium ion.

The overall reaction can be represented as:

C₆H₅NH₃⁺ + H₂O ⇌ C₆H₅NH₂ + H₃O⁺

The equilibrium constant for this reaction can be expressed as:

Ka = ([C₆H₅NH₂][H₃O⁺])/[C₆H₅NH₃⁺]

Since anilinium chloride is a salt, it completely dissociates in water to form anilinium ion and chloride ion. Therefore, the initial concentration of anilinium ion is equal to the concentration of the salt, which is 0.27 M. The initial concentration of hydronium ion is assumed to be negligible compared to the concentration produced by the ionization of anilinium ion. Thus, the equilibrium concentration of anilinium ion is equal to the concentration of hydronium ion, and the concentration of aniline can be calculated using the equilibrium constant expression.

pH = -log[H₃O⁺]

[H₃O⁺] = Ka[C₆H₅NH₃⁺]/[C₆H₅NH₂]

[H₃O⁺] = 2.13 x 10⁻⁵M

pH = -log(2.13 x 10⁻⁵) = 4.62

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C) carbonic acid and bicarbonate ion.

What is Buffer Solution?

A buffer solution is a solution that can resist changes in pH upon addition of small amounts of acid or base. It contains a weak acid and its conjugate base, or a weak base and its conjugate acid, in roughly equal amounts. When a strong acid is added to a buffer solution, it reacts with the weak base to form the conjugate acid, thereby minimizing the increase in hydrogen ions and maintaining the pH of the solution.

Buffers are solutions that resist changes in pH upon addition of small amounts of acid or base. The buffer in the blood is essential to maintain the pH of the blood within a narrow range (7.35-7.45), which is necessary for normal body functions.

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If a drug that blocked the reabsorption of sodium were taken, it would not have a direct effect on the reabsorption of glucose. The two processes are independent of each other.

If a drug that blocked the reabsorption of sodium were taken, the reabsorption of glucose would likely decrease (b). This is because glucose reabsorption in the kidneys is often dependent on sodium-glucose co-transporters, which require the presence of sodium to effectively transport glucose back into the bloodstream. Blocking sodium reabsorption would lead to less sodium being available for these co-transporters, thereby reducing glucose reabsorption.

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Physical properties are characteristics of a material that can be observed or measured without changing the substance's chemical composition.

Here are 6 examples of physical properties (D. COMBS):

1. Density: The mass per unit volume of a substance.
2. Color: The visual appearance of a substance based on the wavelengths of light it reflects or emits.
3. Hardness: The resistance of a material to deformation, indentation, or penetration.
4. Melting point: The temperature at which a solid substance changes to a liquid state.
5. Boiling point: The temperature at which a liquid substance turns into a vapor or gas.
6. Solubility: The ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent, such as water.

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The combination of aqueous solutions that should produce a precipitate is a) AgNO₃ and Ca(CH₃COO)₂. When these two solutions are mixed, the Ag⁺ ions from the AgNO₃ solution react with the CH₃COO⁻ ions from the Ca(CH₃COO)₂ solution to form a solid silver acetate (AgCH₃COO) precipitate. The other options do not produce a precipitate as they do not have ions that will react to form a solid.

When AgNO₃ and Ca(CH₃COO)₂ aqueous solutions are combined, a double displacement reaction occurs, and the products formed are AgCH₃COO and Ca(NO₃)₂. Among these products, AgCH₃COO (silver acetate) is insoluble in water and forms a precipitate, while Ca(NO₃)₂ remains soluble.

Here's a step-by-step explanation:

1. Write down the reactants: AgNO₃ (aq) + Ca(CH₃COO)₂ (aq)

2. Perform a double displacement reaction: AgCH₃COO (s) + Ca(NO₃)₂ (aq)

3. Identify the precipitate: AgCH₃COO (s) is the insoluble compound that forms the precipitate.

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14,500 K is the surface temperature of this star rounded to the nearest whole number.  It indicates the direction through which the heat energy will naturally flow,

Temperature is a unit of temperature that can be defined in the context of any number of arbitrary scales. It indicates the direction through which the heat energy will naturally flow, i.e., through a hotter (body) to a colder (body) body.

Temperature is not the same as the thermal energy of a thermodynamics system; for instance, an iceberg has a significantly larger total heat energy than a match, despite the fact that a match is burning at an extremely high temperature.  14,500 K is the surface temperature of this star rounded to the nearest whole number.

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The topics of "The Dove and the Ant" and "The Boy and the Bee" are moral lessons or fables that teach a moral or ethical lesson through storytelling.

What is storytelling ?

Storytelling is the art of conveying a message, idea, or information through the use of a narrative or story. It is an ancient human tradition that has been used for centuries to pass down cultural values, traditions, and history. Storytelling can take many forms, such as oral storytelling, written stories, films, television shows, and other forms of media. Stories can be fictional or based on real-life events, and can be used to educate, entertain, inspire, or persuade an audience.

"The Dove and the Ant" is a fable that teaches the lesson that kindness is always rewarded, while "The Boy and the Bee" is a fable that teaches the lesson that one should be careful in their actions and think before acting.

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The key component of the smog is ground-level ozone.

The Ground-level ozone that is O₃ is the major component of the smog. This is formed from the photochemical reactions and with the pollutants like as the volatile in the organic compounds, the carbon monoxide and the nitrogen oxides (NOx) and it will emitted from the vehicles, and the industry.

Ozone at the ground level is very harmful air pollutant, this is because of the effects on the people and to the environment, and it is the main source of the smog. The smog is the air pollution is that the reduces visibility.

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To calculate the Ksp value in the presence of ion activity, it is necessary to measure the ion product at the point of saturation for multiple concentrations.

The ion product nears the Ksp value at higher concentrations, and this value is finally used to determine the Ksp value. This is because at higher concentrations, there is a lower ionic strength and lower temperatures which promote the formation of solid compounds and increase the solubility of the ions.

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What happens at low pH for aluminum hydroxide. At low pH, Al(H2O)6^3+ dissolves.

This occurs because the acidity of the solution increases the concentration of H+ ions, which results in the dissolution of Al(H2O)6^3+ complex ions. So, the correct answer is A) Al(H2O)6^3+ dissolves.

It probably has a low pH and too many hydrogen ions. Acid mine drainage (AMD), which lowers the pH of water resources and makes dissolved metals easily available for uptake by benthic animals and fish, is a significant contributor to the entry of these contaminants into the human food chain.

The term "acid mine drainage" refers to the runoff that results from water coming into touch with exposed sulfur-bearing minerals. These minerals react with the water and air to produce sulfuric acid and dissolved iron.

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Parietal cells produce hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the stomach, which lowers the pH of the stomach to help with digestion and kill harmful bacteria.

Once the food enters the stomach, the parietal cells will start to produce HCl that will drop the pH of the stomach to a value of approximately 1.5 to 3.5.When food enters the stomach, it is mixed with gastric juice that is secreted by the cells lining the stomach walls.

One of the key components of gastric juice is hydrochloric acid (HCl), which is produced by parietal cells. HCl has several important functions in the stomach.

Firstly, it helps to lower the pH of the stomach to a very acidic level, usually between 1.5 and 3.5, which is necessary for the activation of pepsin, a digestive enzyme that breaks down proteins. Additionally, the acidic environment created by HCl helps to kill any bacteria that may be present in the food, preventing infection.

The production of HCl is regulated by several hormones and signals, including gastrin, histamine, and acetylcholine. Any imbalance in the production or secretion of HCl can lead to digestive problems such as acid reflux or ulcers.

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Answer: Mass of Ca(OH)2 formed will be 777g.

Explanation:

As from the reaction we can see,

2 moles of Al(OH)3 gives   3 moles of Ca(OH)2.

1 mole of Al(OH)3 gives   3/2  moles of Ca(OH)2.

7 moles of Al(OH)3 gives   ((3/2)x 7)  moles of Ca(OH)2.

7 moles of Al(OH)3 gives   (21/2)  moles of Ca(OH)2.

So, no. of moles of Ca(OH)2= 21/2 mole

Molar mass of Ca(OH)2 = 74 g/mole

Mass of Ca(OH)2 = No. of moles x Molar mass

                            = (21/2) x 74

                              = 777g

Answer: 0.750

Explanation:

NH4NO3 decomposes to make 1 mole of N20 for every mole of NH4NO3. Therefore we can solve for how many moles of N2O is 33.0g and we will also have our answer.

the molar mass of N2O is 44.01g/mol

33.0g/44.01g = 0.7498 moles

using 3 sig figs we get 0.750 moles

In the induced fit model for enzyme-substrate binding, the endergonic part is the formation of the enzyme-substrate complex, while the exergonic part is the release of products and the enzyme returning to its original state.

Step-by-step explanation:
1. Endergonic: The enzyme and substrate come together and the enzyme changes shape slightly (induced fit) to form the enzyme-substrate complex. This requires energy input, making it endergonic.
2. Exergonic: The enzyme catalyzes the reaction, converting the substrate into products. The products are released, and the enzyme returns to its original shape. This process releases energy, making it exergonic.

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The aqueous solution made with the salt obtained from combining the weak acid cyanic acid, HCNO, with the weak base methylamine, [tex]CH_2NH_2[/tex], is basic.

When a weak acid and a weak base are combined, they form a salt that can have acidic, basic, or neutral properties depending on the relative strengths of the acid and base. In this case, cyanic acid (HCNO) is a weak acid, and methylamine [tex](CH_2NH_2)[/tex] is a weak base. Methylamine can accept a proton from cyanic acid to form the salt [tex]CH_2NH^{3+}CNO^-[/tex].

The conjugate base of a weak acid is usually a weak base, and the conjugate acid of a weak base is usually a weak acid. Since the conjugate base of [tex]HCNO (CNO^-)[/tex] is a weak base and the conjugate acid of [tex]CH_2NH_2 (CH_3NH^{3+})[/tex] is a weak acid, the salt [tex]CH_2NH^{3+}CNO^-[/tex] is a basic salt.

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The question is -

An aqueous solution is made with the salt obtained from combining the weak acid cyanic acid, HCNO, with the weak base methylamine, CH2NH2. Is the solution acidic, basic, or neutral?

The molarity of the HCl solution prepared by dissolving 0.165 moles of HCl in sufficient a water is produce a 200 ml solution will be 0.825 M.

Molarity (M) is the unit of concentration that represents the number of moles of solute dissolved in one liter of solution. It is termed as the amount of the solute (in moles) divided by the volume of the solution in liters.

To calculate the molarity (M) of a solution, we can use the formula;

Molarity (M) = moles of solute/volume of solution (in liters)

Given; moles of HCl = 0.165 moles

volume of solution = 200 ml = 200/1000 L (since 1 L = 1000 ml)

Plugging in the values;

Molarity (M) = 0.165 moles / 200/1000 L

Molarity (M) = 0.165 moles / 0.2 L

Molarity (M) = 0.825 M

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1.596 grams of sodium hydrogen carbonate would be necessary to produce 425 mL of [tex]CO_{2}[/tex] at STP.

To calculate the amount of sodium hydrogen carbonate needed to produce 425 mL of [tex]CO_{2}[/tex], you can use the following steps:

Convert the volume of [tex]CO_{2}[/tex] to moles using the molar volume at STP:

425 mL ÷ 1000 mL/L = 0.425 L [tex]CO_{2}[/tex]

0.425 L [tex]CO_{2}[/tex] ÷ 22.4 L/mol = 0.019 moles [tex]CO_{2}[/tex]

Use the balanced chemical equation to determine the stoichiometry between sodium acetate and carbon di oxide:

[tex]NaC_{2} H_{3} O_{2}[/tex] [tex]+ H_{2} O + CO_{2}[/tex] → [tex]Na HC_{3} O_{2}[/tex][tex]+ CH_{3} COOH[/tex]

For every 1 mole of sodium acetate, 1 mole of CO2 is produced. Therefore,

0.019 moles CO2 = 0.019 moles [tex]NaC_{2} H_{3} O_{2}[/tex]

Calculate the mass of sodium hydrogen carbonate needed using its molar mass:

0.019 moles [tex]NaC_{2} H_{3} O_{2}[/tex] × 84.01 g/mol = 1.596 g [tex]Na HC_{3} O_{2}[/tex]

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