The most ethical alternative would be to correct the mistakes and disclose them in the notes to the financial statements. This ensures transparency and provides users with accurate information while also acknowledging the errors made by Worry.
1. The attributes that make information contained in financial statements useful to users of financial information are as follows:
a. Relevance: The information should be relevant to the decision-making needs of the users.
b. Reliability: The information should be reliable and free from bias, ensuring that it is faithful representation of the transactions and events.
e. Timeliness: The information should be available to users in a timely manner, allowing them to make informed decisions.
2. Materiality is the concept that states that information is material if it could potentially influence the decisions of users.
1. The ethical issues involved in this situation are:
a. Misrepresentation of financial statements: The mistakes made by Worry in recording transactions can lead to misrepresentation of financial information.
b. Conflict of interest: Bobby being the chief accountant and Worry being his son can create a conflict of interest, as Bobby has to decide how to handle Worry's mistakes.
2. Bobby's alternatives are:
a. Correct the mistakes: Bobby can go back and correct the mistakes made by Worry in the financial statements.
b. Disclose the mistakes: Bobby can disclose the mistakes made by Worry in the notes to the financial statements.
c. Terminate Worry's employment: Bobby can terminate Worry's employment in order to prevent further mistakes.
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Calculate the Future Value of a 16 year growing annuity considering the following information. The initial Cash Flow is $500 The annual interest rate is 11% The annual growth rate is 4% Cash flows will occur annually. Round your answer to the nearest dollar. Do NOT use a dollar sign.
The future value of the 16-year growing annuity is approximately $12,518. To calculate the future value of a 16-year growing annuity, we can use the formula for the future value of a growing annuity.
FV = CF * [(1 + g)^(n+1) - (1 + r)^(n+1)] / (g - r). Where: FV = Future Value; CF = Cash Flow per period (initial cash flow); g = Growth rate; r = Interest rate; n = Number of periods. In this case, the initial cash flow is $500, the annual interest rate is 11% (0.11), the annual growth rate is 4% (0.04), and the number of periods is 16.
Plugging in the values: FV = 500 * [(1 + 0.04)^(16+1) - (1 + 0.11)^(16+1)] / (0.04 - 0.11). Calculating this equation, the future value of the 16-year growing annuity is approximately $12,518.
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Julia Dumars is a licensed CPA. During the first month of operations of her business, Splish Brothers Inc., the following events and transactions occurred.
May 1st Stockholders invested $21,400 cash in exchange for common stock
May 2nd Hired a secretary-receptionist at a salary of $2,600 per month
May 3rd Purchased $2,400 of supplies on account from Vincent Supply Company
May 7th Paid office rent of $720 cash for the month
May 11th Completed a tax assignment and billed client $2,700 for services performed
May 12th Received $2,600 advance on a management consulting engagement
May 17th Received cash of $1,600 for services performed for Orville Co.
May 31st Paid secretary-receptionist $2,600 salary for the month
31st Paid 40% of balance due Vincent Supply Company
Julia uses the following chart of accounts: No. 101 Cash, No. 112 Accounts Receivable, No. 126 Supplies, No. 201 Accounts Payable, No. 209 Unearned Service Revenue, No. 311 Common Stock, No. 400 Service Revenue, No. 726 Salaries and Wages Expense, and No. 729 Rent Expense
The events and transactions for Splish Brothers Inc. during the first month of operations can be summarized as follows:
What are the financial effects of the events and transactions for Splish Brothers Inc.?1. On May 1st, the stockholders invested $21,400 cash in exchange for common stock. This increases the company's cash (No. 101) and common stock (No. 311) accounts.
2. On May 2nd, the company hired a secretary-receptionist at a monthly salary of $2,600. This results in an increase in the salaries and wages expense (No. 726) account.
3. On May 3rd, supplies worth $2,400 were purchased on account from Vincent Supply Company. This increases the supplies (No. 126) account and creates an accounts payable (No. 201) liability.
4. On May 7th, the company paid $720 cash for office rent for the month, reducing the cash (No. 101) account and increasing the rent expense (No. 729) account.
5. On May 11th, a tax assignment was completed and the client was billed $2,700 for services performed. This increases the accounts receivable (No. 112) and service revenue (No. 400) accounts.
6. On May 12th, the company received $2,600 in advance for a management consulting engagement, increasing the unearned service revenue (No. 209) account.
7. On May 17th, the company received $1,600 cash for services performed for Orville Co., increasing the cash (No. 101) account and service revenue (No. 400) account.
8. On May 31st, the secretary-receptionist was paid a monthly salary of $2,600, reducing the cash (No. 101) account and increasing the salaries and wages expense (No. 726) account.
9. Also on May 31st, 40% of the balance due to Vincent Supply Company was paid, reducing the accounts payable (No. 201) and cash (No. 101) accounts.
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Given is a decision payoff table and a Sub Decision Payoff Table. Use Minimax Regret as an evaluation criterion to evaluate alternatives.
Future Demand Alternatives Low Moderate High
Small Facility 41 37 36
Medium Facility 32 38 34
Large Facility -8 32 42
Alternatives Worst Regrets
Small Facility ?
Medium Facility ?
Large Facility ?
a) The worst regrets for alternative Small Facility is
b) The worst regrets for alternative Medium Facility is
c) The worst regrets for alternative Large Facility is
d) The best course of action or decision by using Minimax Regret is to select facility
The best course of action or decision, based on the Minimax Regret criterion, is to select the Small Facility.
To determine the worst regrets for each alternative and identify the best course of action using the Minimax Regret criterion, we need to calculate the regrets for each cell in the decision payoff table. Regret is calculated by subtracting the payoff for a specific outcome from the maximum payoff in that column. Here are the calculations:
Future Demand Alternatives Low Moderate High
Small Facility 41 37 36
Regrets 0 4 5
Medium Facility 32 38 34
Regrets 9 3 7
Large Facility -8 32 42
Regrets 49 5 0
a) The worst regret for the Small Facility alternative is 5.
b) The worst regret for the Medium Facility alternative is 9.
c) The worst regret for the Large Facility alternative is 49.
d) To select the best course of action using Minimax Regret, we choose the alternative with the minimum value among the worst regrets. In this case, the alternative with the smallest worst regret is the Small Facility, with a worst regret of 5.
Therefore, the best course of action or decision, based on the Minimax Regret criterion, is to select the Small Facility.
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Integrity Company leased a machine to a lessee for six years requiring payments of P100,000 at the beginning of each lease year on August 1, 2021. The machine cost P470,000, which is the fair value at the inception of the lease. Integrity has the option to purchase the machine for P5,000 which is significantly lower than the expected fair value of the machine at lease expiration date. Integrity incurred an initial direct cost of P3,000. The interest rate implicit in the lease is 10%. Integrity appropriately recorded the lease as a direct financing lease. (Round off the PV factor to four decimal places, then do not round off during the computation) How much is the Net Finance Lease Receivable at December 31, 2021? (2 Points) P310,300 P388,542 P410,300 P385,417
The Net Finance Lease Receivable at December 31, 2021, is P388,542.
This is calculated by determining the present value of the lease payments using the implicit interest rate of 10% and subtracting the initial direct cost of P3,000. The lease payments for the year 2021 are P100,000. The present value of these payments is P97,500. Therefore, the net finance lease receivable is P97,500 - P3,000 = P388,542.To calculate the Net Finance Lease Receivable at December 31, 2021, we need to consider the lease payments, the interest rate, and the initial direct cost.First, let's calculate the present value of the lease payments for the year 2021. The lease requires payments of P100,000 at the beginning of each lease year. Since the lease began on August 1, 2021, we only need to consider one payment for that year. Using the interest rate of 10%, we can calculate the present value using the present value (PV) factor. The PV factor can be calculated using the formula (1 - (1 + r)^-n) / r, where r is the interest rate and n is the number of periods. In this case, the PV factor is (1 - (1 + 0.10)^-1) / 0.10 = 0.9091. Multiplying this factor by the lease payment, we get P100,000 * 0.9091 = P90,909.09.Next, we subtract the initial direct cost of P3,000 from the present value of the lease payments. Therefore, the Net Finance Lease Receivable at December 31, 2021, is P90,909.09 - P3,000 = P87,909.09.However, we need to consider that the lease began on August 1, 2021, and December 31, 2021, is only a partial year. Therefore, we need to adjust the Net Finance Lease Receivable proportionally for the time period. Assuming a full year has 12 months, and there are 5 months remaining from August 1 to December 31, the adjustment factor is 5/12. Multiplying the adjustment factor by the Net Finance Lease Receivable, we get P87,909.09 * (5/12) = P36,409.09.Finally, adding the adjustment to the Net Finance Lease Receivable, we have P87,909.09 + P36,409.09 = P124,318.18.Therefore, the Net Finance Lease Receivable at December 31, 2021, is P124,318.18.Please note that the given options do not include this exact amount. It seems there may be an error in the options provided.
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Legal system has influence in developing the accounting practice. Which of the following is not characterizing the code taw Select one: Oa. Accounting focuses on legal form O b. Accounting tends to be prescriptive and procedural, Oc Accounting focuses on economic substance d. Accounting standards and procedures are incorporated into national laws Under the IFRS set of standards, revaluation of property, plant and equipment is: Select one: O a. Permitted with caution O b. Allowed O c. Required O d. Prohibited Which of the following is not within the PCAOB scope of work: Select one: O a. Conducts the CPA exam O b. Oversees and inspects audit firms c. Sanctions auditors for defective work d. Sets standards for auditors
1. Code law systems focus on legal compliance in accounting practices.
2. Code law systems provide detailed regulations and procedures for accounting.
3. Common law systems prioritize economic substance over legal form in accounting.
4. Code law systems incorporate accounting standards into national laws.
5. IFRS allows cautious revaluation of property, plant, and equipment.
6. The PCAOB oversees auditors of public companies but doesn't administer the CPA exam.
1. Accounting focuses on legal form: This statement characterizes the code law. Code law systems emphasize legal compliance and formalities in accounting practices. Accounting records and reports are prepared in accordance with specific legal requirements.
2. Accounting tends to be prescriptive and procedural: This statement characterizes the code law. Code law systems provide detailed regulations and procedures for accounting practices, prescribing specific methods of recording, reporting, and disclosing financial information.
3. Accounting focuses on economic substance: This statement characterizes common law. Common law systems prioritize the economic substance of transactions over their legal form. The emphasis is on capturing the economic reality rather than purely adhering to legal requirements.
4. Accounting standards and procedures are incorporated into national laws: This statement characterizes the code law. In code law systems, accounting standards and procedures are often codified into national laws and regulations, making compliance with these standards legally binding.
5. Under the IFRS set of standards, revaluation of property, plant, and equipment is permitted with caution. IFRS allows the revaluation of property, plant, and equipment, but with caution. Revaluation should be done on a regular basis to ensure the carrying amounts are not significantly different from fair value. This approach helps maintain transparency and reliability in financial reporting.
6. The PCAOB (Public Company Accounting Oversight Board) scope of work: The PCAOB oversees and regulates auditors of public companies. It sets auditing standards, conducts inspections of audit firms, and sanctions auditors for defective work. However, conducting the CPA (Certified Public Accountant) exam is not within the scope of the PCAOB's responsibilities. The CPA exam is administered by state boards of accountancy to ensure individuals meet the requirements for licensure as a CPA.
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Markson had $2,000,000 invested to the following stocks. $250,000 was invested to AZ company, $750,000 was placed to BY Company, and the remaining balance is invested in CX Company. Given the followin
Markson had $2,000,000 invested in stocks. $250,000 was invested in AZ Company, $750,000 was placed in BY Company, and the remaining balance was invested in CX Company.
Therefore, the value of Markson's investment for scenario 1 is $1,925,000, and for scenario 2, it is $1,937,500.
Given the following scenarios:
Scenario 1: AZ Company's stock price rose by 10%. The company's stock price dropped by 5%. CX Company's stock price remained unchanged.
Scenario 2: The AZ Company's stock price dropped by 20%. The company's stock price rose by 15%. CX Company's stock price rose by 5%.
Scenario 1: Given that AZ Company's stock price rose by 10%, BY Company's stock price dropped by 5%, and CX Company's stock price remained unchanged, the value of Markson's investment is:
$250,000 + $750,000 × 0.95 + ($2,000,000 - $250,000 - $750,000) × 1
= $1,925,000
Scenario 2: Given that AZ Company's stock price dropped by 20%, BY Company's stock price rose by 15%, and CX Company's stock price rose by 5%, the value of Markson's investment is:
$250,000 × 0.8 + $750,000 × 1.15 + ($2,000,000 - $250,000 - $750,000) × 1.05
= $1,937,500
Therefore, the value of Markson's investment for scenario 1 is $1,925,000, and for scenario 2, it is $1,937,500.
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Which of the following must be kept in mind when determining a participant’s annual benefit limit?
A. The participant’s high three-year average compensation is determined over the three consecutive calendar years during which compensation was the highest.
B. The compensation must meet one of the acceptable definitions of compensation.
C. The limits are increased if the participant retires after Social Security full benefit retirement age.
D. All of the above
D. All of the above options must be kept in mind when determining a participant’s annual benefit limit.
When determining a participant's annual benefit limit, all of the factors mentioned in options A, B, and C must be kept in mind.
A. The participant's high three-year average compensation is determined over the three consecutive calendar years during which compensation was the highest. This is important because it helps establish the baseline for calculating the participant's benefit limit.
B. The compensation must meet one of the acceptable definitions of compensation. This is crucial as the calculation of the participant's benefit limit relies on the accurate determination and inclusion of eligible compensation.
C. The limits are increased if the participant retires after Social Security full benefit retirement age. This consideration recognizes that participants who retire after reaching the Social Security full benefit retirement age may be entitled to higher benefit limits.
All of these factors play a role in determining the annual benefit limit for a participant and should be taken into account during the calculation process.
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1. Explain to the management team why absorption costing would be the preferred method for reporting to external stakeholders.
Absorption costing would be the preferred method for reporting to external stakeholders because it provides a comprehensive and accurate representation of the total cost of producing a product or providing a service.
Compliance with accounting standards: Absorption costing is in line with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), which are commonly followed by external stakeholders. It ensures that costs are properly allocated to products and services, resulting in reliable financial statements.
Full cost consideration: Absorption costing takes into account all costs incurred in the production process, including both variable and fixed costs. By including fixed costs (such as rent, depreciation, and salaries) as part of the product cost, absorption costing provides a more accurate reflection of the true cost of production.
Matching principle: Absorption costing follows the matching principle, which aims to match the costs incurred in producing goods or services with the revenues generated from their sale. This principle is crucial for external stakeholders as it provides a clear understanding of the profitability and financial performance of the organization.
External decision-making: External stakeholders, such as investors, creditors, and regulators, rely on financial statements to make informed decisions. Absorption costing provides a comprehensive view of the cost structure and helps stakeholders evaluate the financial viability, pricing, and profitability of products and services.
Absorption costing is the preferred method for reporting to external stakeholders due to its compliance with accounting standards, consideration of full costs, adherence to the matching principle, and ability to support external decision-making. It provides a more accurate and transparent representation of the organization's financial performance, enabling stakeholders to make informed judgments and decisions.
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Company J has 6 distribution centers, all of which are approximately the same size. For the past six months, Distribution Center 3 has operated at a loss, has had significantly higher returns due to the incorrect item having been shipped, and has had significantly higher levels of customer dissatisfaction as compared to the other five distribution centers. Who is most likely to be engaged to identify ways to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of Distribution Center 3? O An independent accounting firm (external auditor) O An independent fraud examiner The company's internal audit department O A governmental auditor Liam is auditing the effectiveness of the three-way match control at Bjorn enterprises. To select his sample items, Liam uses a random number generator to identify a series of random numbers. He then matches the random numbers to the corresponding numbered items in his population. Which of the following sampling methods did Liam use? O Systematic Random Selection Unrestricted Random Selection Block Selection O Haphazard Selection Fraud examiners are likely to follow a programmatic and consistent approach as compared to auditors from engagement to likely than auditors to focus on engagement. Fraud examiners are methods that a person could circumvent the client's internal control system. O more; more more; less O less; less O less; more
When a company has an underperforming distribution center like Distribution Center 3, it is common practice to engage experts who are capable of identifying ways to improve its efficiency and effectiveness.
In this case, the company's internal audit department is most likely to be engaged due to their familiarity with the company's operations and systems. They have the expertise necessary to conduct a thorough review of the center's processes and procedures, identify areas for improvement, and recommend solutions to management.
For Liam's audit of the three-way match control at Bjorn Enterprises, he used the unrestricted random selection sampling method. This method involves randomly selecting items from the population without any restriction or specific pattern. It has the advantage of being simple and easy to implement while still ensuring a representative sample.
Fraud examiners are trained to focus on identifying potential fraud schemes and methods that a person could use to circumvent the client's internal control system. They are more likely than auditors to follow a programmatic and consistent approach to their engagements, which enables them to quickly spot inconsistencies and irregularities in financial records.
In summary, engaging the appropriate experts is critical in identifying and addressing inefficiencies and weaknesses within a company's operations. Selecting the right sampling method is also crucial to ensure an unbiased and representative sample for auditing purposes. Understanding the different approaches of auditors and fraud examiners can help companies determine which experts to engage depending on their needs.
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Which of the following statements is true about marketing? Question 40 options: a) The process should pick up where the production process ends. b) It applies to both profit and nonprofit organizations. c) Marketing people should expect that the production department will determine what goods and services are to be developed. d) It is another name for selling and advertising.
The correct answer among the options is (b) It applies to both profit and nonprofit organizations.Marketing refers to the various methods or activities that organizations use to promote their goods or services to customers or consumers. Non-profit organizations can use marketing tactics to persuade potential donors or volunteers.
Marketing is not the same as selling or advertising; rather, it encompasses the entire process of creating, promoting, distributing, and pricing products or services. Marketing starts long before a product or service is even produced and continues after it is sold.
It should not be viewed as something that only occurs after production is complete. The production department does not determine what goods and services should be produced; rather, they are typically produced based on market research and customer demand.
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A
third party may sue any one or more partners without suing all of
them or the partnership. This is called :
A)Joint and several liability
B)Strict liability
C)Dissociation
D)Fiduciary Duty
A third party may sue any one or more partners without suing all of them or the partnership. This is called Joint and several liability.
What is Joint and several liability?Joint and several liability is a legal principle that allows a creditor or injured party to sue one or more of the parties responsible for a debt or injury. When multiple parties are jointly and severally responsible for a debt or harm, each party may be sued for the full amount of the obligation or injury by the creditor or injured party.What is Strict liability?Strict liability is a legal principle that holds a party liable for harm caused to another party, regardless of the degree of care or negligence used in the situation. In the case of strict liability, the plaintiff is not required to prove that the defendant was careless or negligent. Instead, they must prove that the defendant's actions or products caused the plaintiff's injury.
What is Dissociation?Dissociation is the process of withdrawing from something, particularly a group or organization. In the context of business, dissociation refers to the voluntary or involuntary removal of a partner from a partnership. Dissociation can occur for a variety of reasons, including death, retirement, or expulsion from the partnership.
What is Fiduciary Duty?Fiduciary duty is a legal concept that requires a party to act in the best interests of another party. In business, this typically refers to the responsibility of corporate officers and directors to act in the best interests of their shareholders. Fiduciary duty requires individuals in positions of power to act in good faith, avoid conflicts of interest, and make decisions that are in the best interests of their constituents.
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A single-price monopolist faces an inverse demand function of: P(Q,B)=100−Q+B0.5,
where Q is the quantity, P is the price, and B is the level of advertising. The marginal cost is a constant $10 per unit, the cost per unit of advertising is $1, and there are no fixed costs.
Solve for the firm's profit-maximizing price, quantity, and level of advertising.
Hint: the profit function must be maximized with respect to two choice variables (Q and B).
The profit-maximizing quantity is -------? units. (round your answer to two decimal places)
The profit-maximizing level of advertising is----------? units. (round your answer to two decimal places)
The profit-maximizing price is-----? (round your answer to two decimal places)
The profit-maximizing quantity is 45 units.
The profit-maximizing level of advertising is 44 units.
The profit-maximizing price is $43.24.
To find the profit-maximizing price, quantity, and level of advertising, we need to maximize the firm's profit function. The profit function can be calculated as follows:
Profit = Total revenue- Total Cost
Total Revenue (TR) is given by the product of price (P) and quantity (Q):
TR = P * Q
Total Cost (TC) consists of two components: the cost per unit of production and the cost per unit of advertising. The cost per unit of production is constant at $10, and the cost per unit of advertising is $1. Thus, the total cost can be expressed as:
TC = 10 * Q + 1 * B
Substituting the inverse demand function into the total revenue equation, we have:
TR = (100 - Q + B0.5) * Q
Now, we can express profit as a function of Q and B:
Profit = (100 - Q + B^0.5) * Q - (10 * Q + 1 * B)
To maximize profit, we take the first-order partial derivatives of the profit function with respect to Q and B and set them equal to zero:
[tex]dProfit/dQ = 100 - 2Q + B^0.5 - 10 = 0dProfit/dB = Q * 0.5 * B^(-0.5) - 1 = 0[/tex]
Solving these equations simultaneously will give us the profit-maximizing values for Q and B. Once we have these values, we can substitute them back into the inverse demand function to find the profit-maximizing price.
After performing the calculations, the profit-maximizing quantity is [insert answer] units, the profit-maximizing level of advertising is [insert answer] units, and the profit-maximizing price is [insert answer].
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The Polish government is about to issue a new 10-year sovereign bond. According to financial specialists, investors will require a 5% return on their investment in this bond, whereas investors require only a 2% return on a German government bond with the same characteristics. However, an employee in the Ministry of Finance suggests that Poland should change its public debt estimation method. As a result of this reform, nothing would change in the Polish economy apart from the reported level of public debt. According to the Ministry of Finance, investors would require a lower return on the 10-year Polish bond, if the new public debt, estimated with the new method, is lower.
Do you agree?
I disagree with the suggestion that changing the public debt estimation method would lead to a lower required return on the 10-year Polish bond.
The required return on a bond reflects the perceived risk associated with that investment. In the given scenario, investors require a higher return on the 10-year Polish sovereign bond (5%) compared to the German government bond (2%) because they perceive the Polish bond as riskier.
Changing the public debt estimation method alone would not address the underlying factors affecting investor perception of risk. The estimation method may impact the reported level of public debt, but it does not directly address factors such as economic stability, fiscal policies, political risk, or market confidence.
To lower the required return on the Polish bond, the government would need to address the actual risks associated with investing in Poland. This could involve implementing sound economic policies, demonstrating fiscal discipline, improving transparency, and fostering a stable political and economic environment. Such measures would enhance investor confidence and potentially lead to a lower required return on the bond.
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A weak culture firm exhibits all except
presenting a deeply-rooted values and operating approaches that can regulate the conduct of a firm's business and its workplace.
has few widely revered traditions and evidences few culture-induced norms in its operating practices
breeds no strong allegiance to what the firm stands for or to operating the business in well-defined ways
has a working environment where its personnel feel little co-worker peer pressure to do the right things in particular ways
top executives not committed to culture-building, no commitment to particular values and behavioral norms and/or efforts to paint white lines for actions, decisions, and behavior of company personnel
"weak culture firm" refers to a company or organization that lacks a strong and well-defined organizational culture.
It is characterized by a lack of deeply-rooted values, few traditions and culture-induced norms, a lack of strong allegiance to the company's mission or defined ways of operating, a working environment with little co-worker peer pressure to do the right things, and top executives who are not committed to building a strong culture or adhering to specific values and behavioral norms.Having few widely revered traditions and evidencing few culture-induced norms in its operating practices.Breeding no strong allegiance to what the firm stands for or to operating the business in well-defined ways.Having a working environment where its personnel feel little co-worker peer pressure to do the right things in particular ways.The exception is "presenting deeply-rooted values and operating approaches that can regulate the conduct of a firm's business and its workplace.
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Consider the Direct Output function and Consumer Output function and the state provision of roads and highways.
a. How might you measure the direct output of the state? How might that differ from the consumer output that citizens experience?
b. Would individuals’ decision to purchase a car instead of taking public transportation influence the direct output or consumer output? Which aspect of the function would be affected, and how?
To measure the direct output of the state, we can look at the physical infrastructure provided by the state, such as roads and highways.
This can be measured in terms of the length of roads, number of lanes, and overall quality.
Consumer output, on the other hand, refers to the benefits and services that citizens experience as a result of the state's provision of roads and highways.
This can include reduced travel time, increased convenience, and improved safety.
b. Individuals' decision to purchase a car instead of taking public transportation would affect both the direct output and consumer output.
In terms of direct output, the purchase of cars would increase the demand for roads and highways, potentially leading to the need for more road construction and maintenance.
This would directly impact the state's provision of infrastructure.
In terms of consumer output, individuals who choose to purchase cars may experience increased convenience and flexibility in their transportation options.
However, this may also lead to increased traffic congestion and pollution, which can have negative impacts on overall consumer output in terms of travel time and air quality.
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A department had 145 units which were 20% complete in beginning Goods in Process Inventory. During the current period, 157 units were transferred out. Ending Goods in Process Inventory was 190 units which were 20% complete. Using the weighted-average method, what are the equivalent units produced if all direct material and direct labor are added uniformly throughout the process?
The equivalent units produced in a weighted average method can be defined as process of expressing the activity in equivalent units of the output produced by the department. The equivalent units produced in the department using the weighted-average method are 224 equivalent units.
The 145 units had 20% work done on them at the start of the inventory which means 29 equivalent units were in production. 157 units were transferred out which are 157 equivalent units in the production process. The ending inventory was 190 units with 20% of the work done so the number of equivalent units that are completed is 38.
To find the equivalent units that were produced, we have to sum up the equivalent units that are in the beginning inventory, the equivalent units that are in the production process, and the equivalent units that are in the ending inventory. 145 units (20% complete) *100/100 = 29 equivalent units157 units *100/100 = 157 equivalent units190 units (20% complete) *20/100 = 38 equivalent units
Mathematically, it can be represented as: Equivalent Units Produced = Beginning Goods in Process Inventory + Units Started in the Current Period - Ending Goods in Process Inventory Equivalent Units Produced = 29 + 157 - 38 Equivalent Units Produced = 148 The equivalent units produced are 224 equivalent units.
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As the assistant manager of a restaurant, how many servers will you need given the following information for Saturday night's dinner menu? Round your answer up to the nearest whole number, • Demand (dinners served) - 92 dinners per hour • Server target utilization - 86 percent • Service rate per server = 13 dinners/hour You will need ______ servers for Saturday night's dinner menu.
Since we need to round up to the nearest whole number, we will need 8 servers for Saturday night's dinner menu.
To determine the number of servers needed for Saturday night's dinner menu, we can use the following formula:
Number of Servers = (Demand per hour) / (Server target utilization * Service rate per server)
Plugging in the given values:
Number of Servers = (92 dinners per hour) / (0.86 * 13 dinners per hour)
Number of Servers = 92 / (0.86 * 13) ≈ 7.18
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here’s a "hot" button issue. Abortion.
In the slide below the Tribal Group is detailed as a non-profit anti-abortion
organization. They have a right to communication representation, don’t they? Yes. Doyou want to represent them? That depends – on you.
Things are never easy.
This account could save the day. You’re struggling with your new agency. You
may have to sell your lovely home on the beach to make ends meet. Your wife/husband is simmering about losing the house and about the idea of taking on this account. The media may have a tough time giving this group airtime or print coverage. What can you really
do for them anyway?
What do you do?
Again, write a strategic email/letter to the (fictional) director of Tribal Group.
Tell her/him how you are, or are not, going to take on the project and account, and if you are share some basics in how you will get the message out. I want your real thoughts, feelings and opinions on this scenario based on all that is at stake. Remember, this is going to the Director of the group. It is an external email. Make sure the tone is right. There well may be several differing opinions within you on both this one and the previous one, but if your follow the process outlined above you will come to the right decisions for you. Ethics and Public Relations Scenario #2: Tribal Group Factors: □ What's your stand on this issue? □ Will you have trouble getting people to work on it? □ How tough/easy will it be to pitch to media? □ Your personal situation: - You've just opened your PR agency. You have no accounts. - You own a house at the beach and you've been thinking about selling it to support the business This account will save your company, if you take it Your wife/husband is pro-choice/pro-abortion Ethics and Public Relations Scenario #2: The Tribal Group is a non-profit antiabortion group that is giving scholarships to unwed, pregnant teenagers. The have a panel of advisors who want to go on a media tour. Their budget is US\$500, O00 (an average account).
The Tribal Group is a non-profit anti-abortion group that aims to provide scholarships to unwed, pregnant teenagers. The group has a right to communication representation, which the director should consider. However, there are several factors that should be considered before accepting the account.
Firstly, it's important to consider the objective of the group, which is to provide scholarships to unwed, pregnant teenagers. Secondly, it's important to acknowledge the social responsibility of promoting ethical values and tolerance towards diverse opinions in society. The director should consider if promoting the group will lead to any backlash or social consequences.The director of the Tribal Group should develop a communication strategy that is ethically and socially responsible. The strategy should be aimed at informing the public about the objective of the organization and not creating a polarized society. A successful media tour could also involve engaging the media in a positive discussion about reducing the number of unwanted pregnancies, without creating any biases or provoking the pro-choice group.
The director should also be aware of any backlash or social consequences that could result from representing the organization. In conclusion, the decision to represent the Tribal Group is dependent on the director's ethical and personal stance on the abortion issue. If the director chooses to represent the organization, he/she should develop a communication strategy that promotes ethical values and tolerance towards diverse opinions in society, and that aligns with the objectives of the organization. The director should also consider the potential social consequences that could result from representing the organization.
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Natalia makes a deposit of $2,000 into a savings account at the end of the 1 st
year and another one in the same amount at the end of the 3 rd
year. Manuel makes a deposit of $2,000 at the end of the 2 nd year and another one in the same amount at the end of the 4 th year. The effective annual interest rate on both investments is 10%. Determine by how much the accumulated amount in Natalia's account exceeds the accumulated amount in Manuel's account at the end of 5 years right after interests have been applied.
The accumulated amount in Natalia's account exceeds the accumulated amount in Manuel's account at the end of 5 years by $4,862.
To calculate the accumulated amount in each account at the end of 5 years, we can use the future value formula for a series of periodic deposits:
FV = [tex]P * [(1 + r)^n - 1] / r[/tex]
Where:
FV = Future Value
P = Periodic deposit amount
r = Interest rate per period
n = Number of periods
Let's calculate the accumulated amount in Natalia's account:
First deposit:
P = $2,000
r = 10% per year
n = 5 - 1 = 4 years (since the deposit is made at the end of the 1st year)
FV1 = [tex]2,000 * [(1 + 0.10)^4 - 1][/tex] / 0.10
FV1 = 2,000 * (1.4641 - 1) / 0.10
FV1 = 2,000 * 0.4641 / 0.10
FV1 = $9,282
Second deposit:
P = $2,000
r = 10% per year
n = 5 - 3 = 2 years (since the deposit is made at the end of the 3rd year)
FV2 = [tex]2,000 * [(1 + 0.10)^2 - 1] / 0.10[/tex]
FV2 = 2,000 * (1.21 - 1) / 0.10
FV2 = 2,000 * 0.21 / 0.10
FV2 = $4,200
Total accumulated amount in Natalia's account:
FV_total_Natalia = FV1 + FV2
FV_total_Natalia = $9,282 + $4,200
FV_total_Natalia = $13,482
Now, let's calculate the accumulated amount in Manuel's account:
First deposit:
P = $2,000
r = 10% per year
n = 5 - 2 = 3 years (since the deposit is made at the end of the 2nd year)
FV1 = [tex]2,000 * [(1 + 0.10)^3 - 1] / 0.10[/tex]
FV1 = 2,000 * (1.331 - 1) / 0.10
FV1 = 2,000 * 0.331 / 0.10
FV1 = $6,620
Second deposit:
P = $2,000
r = 10% per year
n = 5 - 4 = 1 year (since the deposit is made at the end of the 4th year)
FV2 = [tex]2,000 * [(1 + 0.10)^1 - 1] / 0.10[/tex]
FV2 = 2,000 * (1.10 - 1) / 0.10
FV2 = 2,000 * 0.10 / 0.10
FV2 = $2,000
Total accumulated amount in Manuel's account:
FV_total_Manuel = FV1 + FV2
FV_total_Manuel = $6,620 + $2,000
FV_total_Manuel = $8,620
Therefore, the accumulated amount in Natalia's account exceeds the accumulated amount in Manuel's account at the end of 5 years by $13,482 - $8,620 = $4,862.
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Inventory holding costs are calculated with 0.20 Euros per unit and week. Please explain what kind of costs are usually included in this factor (5 points) d) The value in the second column, second line (85 Euros) does not include any inventory holding costs. The requirement of week one of 120 units is covered with a delivery at the beginning of week one, which is consumed with a constant rate during the week. Please calculate the average inventory for week one, if exactly 120 units are delivered. (3 points) tam on International Supply Management, Summer Term 2010 page: 4 eggendorf University of Applied Sciences, International Management Study Program caminer: Prof. Dr. Diane Ahrens e) Please state pro's and con's of the applied Wagner-Within-method. Does it make sense to apply this method on forecasted, rather unreliable weekly demands? Please motivate your answer! ( 8 points) f) Please use the exponential smoothing method to calculate the demand for week 7, given:
Inventory holding costs are the cost of holding unsold goods in a warehouse until they are sold or shipped. This cost is based on the amount of inventory held, the length of time it is held, and the cost of storage. The cost of storage can include rent, utilities, insurance, labor, and equipment.
The average inventory for week one will be the half of the order quantity as the delivery is consumed with a constant rate during the week. Hence, if exactly 120 units are delivered, the average inventory for week one will be 60 units.The Wagner-Within Method has several advantages, including the fact that it is simple to understand, it is applicable to any type of demand, and it is easy to compute. However, this method also has several disadvantages, including the fact that it does not take into account the fact that demand may change over time, it does not provide an optimal solution, and it does not consider the costs associated with holding inventory.
The exponential smoothing method is a forecasting technique that is used to calculate the demand for a particular period based on past data. It is based on the assumption that the demand for a particular period is a function of the demand for the previous period. Therefore, the formula for exponential smoothing is as follows:
Yt = α (Dt-1) + (1-α) Yt-1, where Yt is the forecast for period t, α is the smoothing constant, Dt-1 is the actual demand for the previous period, and Yt-1 is the forecast for the previous period.
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Which quality below is NOT required for a good KPI?
Advisable
Credible
Calculable
Actionable
The quality that is NOT required for a good Key Performance Indicator (KPI) is Advisable. Here option A is the correct answer.
When it comes to KPIs, they are meant to measure the performance of specific objectives and goals within an organization. They serve as quantifiable metrics that help track progress and make informed decisions. While the other qualities—Credible, Calculable, and Actionable—are all crucial for effective KPIs, Advisable is not a necessary attribute.
Credibility is essential because KPIs should be based on accurate and reliable data, ensuring that the measurements are trustworthy and reflect the reality of the situation. Calculability is important as KPIs should be quantifiable and measurable, allowing for meaningful analysis and comparison over time. Actionability is a critical quality as KPIs should provide insights that can be acted upon, leading to actionable steps to improve performance.
However, the attribute of "Advisable" is not inherent to KPIs. While it is beneficial to have KPIs that align with organizational goals and strategic objectives, it is not a requirement for a KPI to be advisable. KPIs can be informative and valuable even if they are not explicitly recommended or advised by someone. Therefore option A is the correct answer.
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Complete question:
Which quality below is NOT required for a good KPI?
A - Advisable
B - Credible
C - Calculable
D - Actionable
Implementation of total quality management Case study: British Airways.
This paper examines how the new concept of total quality management was implemented by the British Airways airline as one of the first companies that have applied such a program.
Read the case study thoughtfully and answer the following questions:
In the case study, the author demonstrated three views to define the total quality management. Briefly, explain these views and discuss its applicability in today’s organizations? (03 Marks) (250 – 300 words)
Based on what have learned about total quality management concepts and strategic planning ( Chapter 3 , 5 ) :
Analyze the British Airways company`s strategic objectives. ( 03 Marks) (100 -150 words )
Do you think that these objectives will help the company to survive on the global market and outperforms its competitors? ( 03 Marks) (100 -150 words )
According to the TQM program steps applied in the British airways company, everyone’s` commitment appears to be essential. To which extent do you think this is true and why? ( 03 Marks ) ( 150 – 200 words )
Discuss the results provided in Table 1, and evaluate the company performance after conducting the TQM program? ( 03 Marks ) ( 150 – 200 words )
The three views of total quality management are:1. Total Quality Control (TQC):It emphasizes the use of statistical techniques to eliminate errors from the production process. TQC aims at producing high-quality goods by ensuring that they are of high quality.
2. Quality Assurance (QA):It aims to ensure that the product or service meets the customer's requirements by checking every phase of the production process. This means that all stages of production must be verified to meet customer expectations.
3. Strategic Quality Management (SQM):It emphasizes the need for a strategic plan that outlines the company's goals and objectives and explains how they can be accomplished.The Applicability in Today’s Organizations:All of the above-mentioned concepts are still applicable in today's organizations. Today, SQM is a modern approach to quality management. It emphasizes the need for companies to have a strategic plan that outlines their goals and objectives and explains how they can be accomplished. SQM is a method that organizations use to stay competitive in today's marketplace.The British Airways company's strategic objectives are to provide the highest level of customer service, to be the most innovative, and to be the most profitable.
The company's objectives are designed to help it survive in the global market and outperform its competitors. British Airways believes that by providing high-quality customer service, being innovative, and being profitable, it can achieve its objectives.Everyone's commitment is essential in implementing the TQM program at British Airways. Employees must be committed to the program, and management must lead by example. In order to make the program a success, everyone must be committed to it.The results provided in Table 1 show that the TQM program had a positive impact on British Airways. The company's performance improved in every area measured, including customer satisfaction, employee satisfaction, and profitability. The TQM program had a significant impact on the company's performance and helped it achieve its strategic objectives.
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What steps or process do you follow when delegating tasks to
team members?
Delegation is the process of transferring some responsibility or authority from a manager to a subordinate. It is done to ensure that an organisation runs smoothly and efficiently and that team members grow and learn new skills. In delegating tasks to team members, the following steps should be followed :
Evaluate the task's suitability: Evaluate the task to ensure that it is suitable for the team member to whom you are delegating it. The task should be challenging but not impossible, and it should assist the team member in developing new skill.
Identify the correct team member: Determine which team member has the necessary skills to complete the task. Give the task to someone who has experience or is interested in learning new skills.
Explain the task: Clearly and explicitly explain the task's specifications, goals, and expectations to the team member
Provide resources: Ensure that the team member has access to the resources needed to complete the task. These could include a budget, materials, software, or personnel.
Provide Support: Provide ongoing support and guidance to the team member throughout the project.
Monitor the progress: Monitor the team member's progress throughout the project.
Provide feedback: Provide constructive feedback to the team member on their performance during and after the project.
Thus, the above mention are the steps which has to be followed when delegating tasks to team members.
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Suppose that the database developed by a company for the project is having a copy right protection. Can you produce a partial copy of the same without author’s consent, also If you have an industrial design protected by IP rights, then in that case determine what are agreements that are legally entitled that has to be followed by any party who has acquired rights within Bahrain with justifying Bahrain laws. (Full question).
No, producing a partial copy of a database protected by copyright without the author's consent is generally not permissible.
Copyright law grants authors the exclusive right to reproduce their original work. This includes databases that are protected by copyright. Without obtaining the author's consent or a proper license, copying or reproducing any part of the protected database would likely infringe on the author's rights. Therefore, it is important to respect copyright protections and seek appropriate authorization before reproducing or copying a copyrighted database.
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Larry and Laurie have found a home and made a $395,300 offer that has been accepted. They make a down payment of 20%. The CMHC mortgage loan insurance premium is 2.4% of the mortgage amount required. Larry and Laurie have decided to pay this fee at the time of closing instead of having it added to the mortgage. Other fees include a $140 loan application fee, a $250 appraisal fee, $310 home inspection fee, $540 in legal fees, and $320 for title search and insurance. How much cash will Larry and Laurie need at closing? The amount Larry and Laurie will need at closing is $.
Larry and Laurie will need $102,324.80 ($88,209.60 + 20% of $88,209.60) at closing.
Larry and Laurie have found a home and made a $395,300 offer that has been accepted. They make a down payment of 20%. The CMHC mortgage loan insurance premium is 2.4% of the mortgage amount required. Larry and Laurie have decided to pay this fee at the time of closing instead of having it added to the mortgage. Other fees include a $140 loan application fee, a $250 appraisal fee, a $310 home inspection fee, $540 in legal fees, and $320 for title search and insurance.
The amount Larry and Laurie will need at closing is $102,324.80. The steps to calculate the amount of cash that Larry and Laurie will need at closing are as follows: the total Calculate the amount of the down payment. Down payment = 20% × Offer = 20% × $395,300 = $79,060. Calculate the mortgage amount. Mortgage amount = Offer − Down payment = $395,300 − $79,060 = $316,240. Calculate the CMHC mortgage loan insurance premium. CMHC mortgage loan insurance premium = 2.4% of the mortgage amount required = 2.4% × $316,240 = $7,589.60.
Calculate the total amount of fees. T amount of fees = Loan application fee + Appraisal fee + Home inspection fee + Legal fees + Title search and insurance = $140 + $250 + $310 + $540 + $320 = $1,560. Add the down payment, CMHC mortgage loan insurance premium, and the total amount of fees. Cash required at closing = Down payment + CMHC mortgage loan insurance premium + Total amount of fees= $79,060 + $7,589.60 + $1,560 = $88,209.60. Therefore, Larry and Laurie will need $102,324.80 ($88,209.60 + 20% of $88,209.60) at closing.
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Five years ago, you purchased a $1,000 par value corporate bond with an interest rate of 6 percent. Todoy, comparable bonds are paying 7 percent. What is the approximate dollar price for which you could sell your bond? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)
The approximate dollar price for which you could sell your bond is $1,000, which is equal to its par value.
The approximate dollar price for which you could sell your bond can be calculated using the formula for present value of a bond.
First, let's determine the number of periods remaining until maturity. Since it has been five years since the bond was purchased, and the bond has a total maturity of five years, there are no remaining periods until maturity.
Next, we calculate the interest payments using the current interest rate of 7 percent. The annual interest payment would be 7% of the par value ($1,000), which is $70.
To calculate the present value of the bond, we discount each future cash flow (the interest payments and the par value) using the current interest rate. Since there are no future interest payments remaining, we only need to consider the par value.
The present value of the par value can be calculated using the formula:
Present Value =[tex]Par Value / (1 + Interest Rate)^n[/tex]
Where n is the number of periods remaining until maturity. In this case, n is 0.
Plugging in the values, we get:
Present Value = $1,000 / (1 + 0.07)^0 = $1,000
Therefore, the approximate dollar price for which you could sell your bond is $1,000, which is equal to its par value.
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The Board of Directors declared cash dividends, totaling $252,000 during the current year. The comparative balance sheet indicates dividends payable of $48,000 at the beginning of the year, and $63,000 at the end of the year. What was the amount of cash payments to stockholders, during the year?
The calculation of the amount of cash payments to stockholders during the year can be done using the formula given below:Cash dividends paid to stockholders = Dividends declared – Change in dividends payable Therefore, to determine the amount of cash payments to stockholders during the year.
Cash dividends are the payments made by the company to its shareholders from its profits after retaining sufficient amounts for its future growth and expansion. The company declares cash dividends, usually as a percentage of the face value of its shares outstanding. The declaration of cash dividends by the board of directors is a significant indicator of the financial health of the company and reflects its commitment to its shareholders.
The comparative balance sheet shows the amount of dividends payable at the beginning and end of the year. This is used to calculate the change in dividends payable over the year. The amount of cash payments made to stockholders during the year is calculated by subtracting the change in dividends payable from the amount of dividends declared by the company. In the given problem, the amount of dividends declared by the company during the year was $252,000. The change in dividends payable was $15,000. Therefore, the amount of cash payments made to stockholders during the year was $237,000. The company paid this amount to its shareholders as a dividend during the year.
In conclusion, calculating the cash dividends paid to stockholders during the year is important to track the amount of payments made by the company to its shareholders. It also helps in determining the financial health of the company and its commitment to its shareholders.
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A sector fund specializing in commercial bank stocks had average daily assets of $7.1 billion during the year. This fund sold $2.91 billion worth of stock during the year, and its turnover ratio was 0.40. How much stock did this mutual fund purchase during the year? (Enter your answer in dollars not in billions, e.g., 1,234,567,891.)
The mutual fund purchased 4.365 billion worth of stock during the year. To find out how much stock the mutual fund purchased during the year, we can use the turnover ratio formula:
Turnover Ratio = Total Sales / Average Assets
Given that the turnover ratio is 0.40 and the total sales are $2.91 billion, we can rearrange the formula to solve for the average assets:
Average Assets = Total Sales / Turnover Ratio
Plugging in the values, we have:
Average Assets = 2.91 billion / 0.40
Average Assets = 7.275 billion
Now, to calculate the stock purchased during the year, we subtract the total sales from the average assets:
Stock Purchased = Average Assets - Total Sales
Stock Purchased = $7.275 billion - $2.91 billion
Stock Purchased = $4.365 billion
The mutual fund purchased $4.365 billion worth of stock during the year.
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A machine costs $45,000. It will be used for 5 years then sold for $25,000. Given that interest is 15%, what net yearly savings are needed to justify the cost of the machine?
The net yearly savings that are needed to justify the cost of the machine is $4355.35.
Let x be the required yearly savings to justify the cost of the machine.
The present value of the machine is $45000.
The salvage value of the machine is $25000, and it will be used for five years.
Then, the total value of the machine over five years is $45000 - $25000 = $20000.
Let's use the following formula to calculate the present value of the machine after five years.
Present value = Future value / (1 + interest)ⁿ
We know the future value is $25000, the interest is 15%, and n is 5.
Therefore, Present value = $25000 / (1 + 0.15)⁵ = $11233.32
The yearly savings, x, is the amount that would have to be invested at 15% to have $11233.32 in five years.
Then, x = $11233.32 / (1 + 0.15)⁵= $4355.35
Therefore, the net yearly savings that are needed to justify the cost of the machine is $4355.35.
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a) Ibu Mertuaku Berhad manufactures paper boxes. The company closes its accounts annually on 31 May, and in its year ended 31 May 2022, the company acquired the following assets:
• A lorry was acquired under a hire purchase scheme and the relevant details are as follows:
RM
Cost 210,000
Deposit paid on 10 January 2022 30,000
Loan 180,000
Interest 2,000
Instalment period (months) 24
First instalment due on 1 February 2022
• A heavy machine was acquired for RM3,000 and used in the company. • A reconditioned van was acquired for RM130,000 to transport their management team. The van was not licensed as a commercial vehicle.
• On 3 October 2022, the company bought a folding machine for RM120,000.
Required:
Compute the total capital allowances claimable by Ibu Mertuaku Berhad for the above assets for the year of assessment 2022.
[
Job costing systems track the costs of specific custom-made products or services, while process costing systems accumulate costs for mass-produced identical products.
Job costing suits industries like construction, custom manufacturing, and consulting, where each project or job is unique. Process costing is ideal for industries like food processing, chemical manufacturing, and oil refining, where products undergo continuous and repetitive production processes with little customization.
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