The basic material used for the production of ATP in the Krep cycle is Oxygen
oxygen is a an atomic number 8 chemical element that is a colorless, odorless reactive gas that is necessary for life.
What is the kreb cycleThe citric acid cycle, sometimes referred to as the Krebs Cycle, is the s Since the Krebs cycle is an aerobic process that needs oxygen to function, it starts by combining carbon and oxygen in the respiration pathway: second significant step in the aerobic
The second important phase in the aerobic oxidation of glucose inside living organisms is the Krebs Cycle, sometimes referred to as the citric acid cycle. The majority of creatures rely mostly on glucose as a fuel source; nevertheless, they must break down this glucose and store the energy in molecules like ATP and other compounds.
The Kreb's Cycle can be utilized by organisms in the presence of oxygen.
Because the NADH and [FADH2] generated by the Kreb's Cycle can be oxydized in the electron transport chain (ETC), which replenishes the supply of NAD+ and [FAD], oxygen is necessary.
However, the Kreb's Cycle, commonly known as the TCA cycle, is where most of a n organism's energy comes from. An aerobic procedure called the Kreb's Cycle has eight distinct phases
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These can occur when electricity ignites explosive gases in the air, such as pure oxygen, methane, or natural gas.
Answer:
These can occur when electricity ignites explosive gases in the air, such as pure oxygen, methane, or natural gas;Explosions
Explanation:
No explanation really needed hence the fact it says when electricity ignites explosive gases in the air.
Have a nice day^^
LUNG
Complete the sentences.
1. Oxygen is carried to all parts of your body in your
2. Another name for alveoli is A ______________ S
3. The bronchial tubes start at the bottom of your T
4 Dirt is kept out of your lunge by they hairs called C
5. Air comes into your lungs through bronchial U _____________S
I
6. The cilia and mucus keep your lungs clean, pink and
E
7. All of the parts of our body that help us breathe are called the
Respirator.
(2 words)
_D
t
system.
Answer:
7) digest system, 3) throat
Harry investigated the effects of fizzy cola drink on his heart rate.First he measured his heart rate every minute for 5 minutes when sitting down. Then he drank some cola.He continued to measure his heart rate at regular intervals. This is a graph of his results.
Harry measure his heart rate every minute for 5 minutes before drinking his cola because Before he drank the cola, he wanted to be sure of what his resting heart rate was.
The graph demonstrates that Harry's heart rate rose continuously for 10 minutes following the cola consumption—it went from 69 to 86 beats per minute. It would reveal whether Harry's condition was impacted by the fizzed-up gas bubbles or a component of the cola composition, such as the heart rate.
Your heart rate can go up if you drink cola with caffeine. Sodas and other sugar-filled beverages dominate the American diet. Beyond the negative effects of regularly ingesting sugar-sweetened beverages, there is an additional risk associated with caffeine use: the possibility of experiencing uncomfortable heart palpitations.
CORRECT QUESTION:
Harry investigated the effects of fizzy cola drinks on his heart rate. First, he measured his heart rate every minute for 5 minutes when sitting down. Then he drank some cola. He continued to measure his heart rate at regular intervals. This is a graph of his results.
Why did Harry measure his heart rate every minute for 5 minutes before drinking his cola? What evidence is there in the graph to support his idea that cola affects his heart rate?
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which of the following conclusions about the genetics of alcohol use disorders can be legitimately drawn from adoption studies?
Conclusions about the genetics of alcohol use disorders can be legitimately drawn from adoption studies that have suggested a genetic basis for AUD, and identification of the genetic risk variants has been challenging.
Even though thinking about crossing numerous approaches has recommended a hereditary premise for AUD, recognizable proof of the hereditary chance variations has been challenging.
A few promising comes about are rising from GWAS considers; in any case, bigger test sizes are required to move forward with GWAS comes about and determination.
As the field of hereditary qualities is quickly creating, entire genetics sequencing might before long gotten to be the unused standard of cross-examination of the qualities and neurobiological pathways which contribute to the complex phenotype of AUD.
This audit analyzes the hereditary underpinnings of Liquor Utilize Clutter (AUD), with an accentuation on GWAS approaches for recognizing hereditary hazard variations.
The foremost promising comes about related to AUD and alcohol-related phenotypes have included SNPs of the liquor digestion system qualities ADH and ALDH.
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after 6 rounds of pcr, a single double-stranded dna molecule would have become how many double-stranded copies?
DNA copies increase exponentially over time.
DNA molecules are created in total after "n" PCR cycles, which equals 2 square n..
Thus, 2 square 6= 64 is the total amount of DNA molecules generated after "6" PCR cycles.
What about DNA?The molecule found inside cells that carries the genetic material necessary for an organism to develop and perform.This data is often passed from one generation to the next thanks to DNA molecules.Humans and nearly all other species carry their genetic information in DNA, also mentioned as deoxyribonucleic acid.The DNA of a privateer is often found in almost all of their cells.Nucleotides are chemical building units that structure DNA.A phosphate group, a sugar group, and one of four different nitrogen bases make up these building components.Nucleotides are joined together into chains, with the phosphate and sugar groups switching places, to form strands of DNA.It contains information needed to form proteins, which are other big molecules.These instructions are dispersed throughout 46 lengthy structures called chromosomes that are found inside each of your cells.Numerous smaller pieces of DNA, mentioned as genes, structure these chromosomes.Today, DNA has three separate purposes: genetic, immunological, and structural, all of which differ greatly from one another and depend in different ways on the bases and the sugar phosphate backbone.DNA encodes the knowledge required to supply proteins, which is the main connection between DNA and proteins.DNA, however, isn't a protein.Long strands of nucleotides structure DNA.Learn more about DNA here:
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What is the product of performing a condensation reaction with three monosaccharides?
Compare the transport of glucose with the transport of fats and cholesterol in the body
Cholesterol is conveyed by complex particles is known as lipoproteins whereas Glucose transporter (GLUT) is a transport protein responsible for the transportation of glucose.
What transports cholesterol throughout the body?Cholesterol proceeds through the blood on proteins called “lipoproteins.” Two types of lipoproteins carry cholesterol all around the body: LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol, sometimes called “bad” cholesterol that makes up most of your body's cholesterol. Cholesterol.
This is transported by compound particles, called lipoproteins, which have specific proteins on their surface. These proteins, called apolipoproteins, have a crucial function in the metabolism of lipoproteins.
So we can conclude that Lipoproteins transport cholesterol and fatty acids throughout the body. Cholesterol is a major elector of every mammalian cell membrane.
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What is true about a carrier of a recessive disorder?
a
The carrier has two copies of the allele and exhibits symptoms.
b
The carrier has one copy of the allele and exhibits symptoms.
c
The carrier has two copies of the allele and does not exhibit symptoms
d
The carrier has one copy of the allele and does not exhibit symptoms.
The carrier of a recessive disorder doesn't show the disease. The carrier has one copy of the allele and doesn't exhibit symptoms. Option d is the correct answer.
What is a recessive disorder?A recessive disorder may be autosomal or sex-linked ( present on X chromosome). A recessive disorder is expressed when two recessive alleles are present . An example is cystic fibrosis.
This is an autosomal recessive disorder. F is a normal allele, while f is diseased. F is dominant, and f is recessive. Normal people have the FF genotype, carriers are heterozygous and have the Ff genotype, and diseased people have the ff genotype. The carrier person won't show any symptoms and will have a single recessive allele.
Hence, the carrier has no symptoms but carries a single recessive allele. Option D is the correct answer.
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A researcher is examining a data set. She sums the total of all of the data points and then divides that value by the number of data points.
A. the standard deviation
B. the mode
C. the range
D. the mean
in which eukaryotic organelle are various macromolecules broken down and destroyed? group of answer choices endoplasmic reticulum the golgi apparatus
Eukaryotic organelles are various macromolecules broken down and destroyed in lysosomes.
What are lysosomes?The endomembrane system is a group of membranes and organelles in eukaryotic cells that works together to modify, package, and transport lipids and proteins. The endomembrаne system includes the nucleаr envelope, lysosomes, vesicles, the ER, аnd Golgi аppаrаtus, аs well аs the plаsmа membrаne.
The RER modifies proteins аnd synthesizes phospholipids used in cell membrаnes. The SER synthesizes cаrbohydrаtes, lipids, аnd steroid hormones; engаges in the detoxificаtion of medicаtions аnd poisons; аnd stores cаlcium ions. Sorting, tаgging, pаckаging, аnd distribution of lipids аnd proteins tаke plаce in the Golgi аppаrаtus. Lysosomes аre creаted by the budding of the membrаnes of the RER аnd Golgi. Lysosomes digest mаcromolecules, recycle worn-out orgаnelles, аnd destroy pаthogens.
Your question is incomplete, but most probably your full multiple choices were
a. lysosome
b. the Golgi apparatus
c. mitochondria
d. endoplasmic reticulum
Thus, the correct answer is A.
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a eukaryotic cell has just started replicating its dna. what is a true statement about the cell? select all that apply. group of answer choices the cell is in the g2 stage of the cell cycle. near each origin of replication there are two replication forks. telomerase may be used to make sure that the lagging strand at the end of the chromosome is complete. ligase is being used to remove rna primers.
When eukaryotic cell has started replicating its DNA, then following are true: a)near each of the origin of replication there are two replication forks b)telomerase is used to make sure that the lagging strand in the end of chromosome is complete.
What happens when DNA starts replicating?Two replication forks are formed at the origin of the replication and they get extended in both directions as replication proceeds.
There are multiple origins of replication on the eukaryotic chromosome so that replication can occur simultaneously from other places in the genome.
Telomerase is large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for progressive synthesis of telomeric DNA repeats at the 3′ ends of linear chromosomes, hence reversing the loss of DNA from each round of replication.
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Why were Cynognathus fossils were important to Wegener's theory?
A They were found on lands now separated by a wide ocean
B They were the oldest fossil found at the time.
C They were found on lands joined together today.
D They were discovered in Antarctica and Africa.
What did Alfred Wegener try to prove with fossil evidence?
A that Earth is almost 5 billion years old
B that Earth is round, not flat
C that Earth once had no continents
D that Earth's landmasses move over time
Cynognathus fossils were important to Wegener's theory They were found on lands now separated by a wide ocean .
Cynognathus fossils are an important evidence for Wegener's theory as these were present over lands that are now separated by a wide ocean They also have iron particles that were present with in the Earth's magnetic field.
The important evidence that strongly supported the Theory of Continental Drift is the fossil record. Fossils record carries the evidence of similar types of plants and animals present on rocks of a similar age on the shores of different continents, suggesting that the continents were joined together.
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which stage of urine production involves the removal of substances from the bloodstream? question 18 options: a) reabsorption b) excretion c) filtration d) secretion
The elimination of chemicals from the circulation occurs during the stage of urine production known as filtering.
Which step in the creation of urine requires replenishing the bloodstream with water, nutrients, and electrolytes?The procedure in question is known as glomerular filtration. kidney tubules These small tubes reabsorb and release the necessary minerals, nutrients, and water for your body (including sodium and potassium).
Where does urination take place?As it travels through the nephrons and down the renal tubules of the kidney, urea, along with water and other waste products, creates the urine. both ureters. Urine passes through these small tubes from the kidneys to the bladder.
What three steps are involved in producing urine?The three steps of urine production are glomerular filtration, reabsorption, and secretion.
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cells with class i major histocompatibility complex (mhc) proteins that contain a foreign antigen will be destroyed after: stimulating the membrane attack complex (mac). being bound by helper t cells. being bound by cytotoxic t cells. releasing histamine.
Cells with class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins that contain a foreign antigen will be destroyed after being bounded by cytotoxic t-cells.
What is major histocompatibility complex (MHC)?Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC), a collection of genes that produce proteins located on the cell surfaces that aid in the immune system's ability to identify foreign objects. The higher vertebrates include MHC proteins. The complex is also known as the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system in humans. The purpose of MHC molecules is to bind and display pathogen-derived peptide fragments on the cell surface for recognition by the proper T lymphocytes.
What are cytotoxic t-cells?A particular class of immune cell that is capable of eliminating specific types of cells, such as virus-infected cells, cancer cells, and alien cells. To destroy cancer cells, cytotoxic T cells can be isolated from other blood cells, cultured in a lab, and then administered to a patient.
Thus from above conclusion we can say that cells with class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins that contain a foreign antigen will be destroyed after being bounded by cytotoxic t-cells.
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if a mutation occurs on a segment of dna that codes for an enzyme, what is most likely to happen to the enzyme?
Answer:
it'll denature or reshape the enzyme
(remember enzymes are shaped specifically)
The birth of the study of human relations within business organizations can be traced to?.
The Hawthorne studies can be traced to the birth of the study of human relations within business organizations.
The Hawthorne investigations, which Elton Mayo and Fritz Roethlisberger carried out between 1924 and 1932, gave rise to the human relations movement. The Hawthorne Effect is when participants in an experiment try to alter or enhance their behavior only because it is being assessed or researched. In the late 1920s and early 1930s, Western Electric's facility in the Chicago suburb of Hawthorne conducted tests that led to the invention of the phrase.
Hawthorne studies were created to look at ways to boost employee productivity. According to the Hawthorne theory of management, employee productivity is also dependent on management's concern for their well-being and the pay they are paid.
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The graph shows the progress of a chemical reaction with and without the presence of an enzyme. Analyze the data. Which statement accurately reflects what is shown in the graph? A. The presence of the enzyme decreases the activation energy. B. The presence of the enzyme decreases the change in free energy. C. The presence of the enzyme decreases the energy of the products. D. The presence of the enzyme prevents the reaction from progressing
The difference between reactions mediated or not by enzymes, is the speed at which they occur, and hence, the required activation energy. A) The presence of the enzyme decreases the activation energy.
What are enzymes?Enzymes are proteins with intracellular catalytic properties that accelerate different natural chemical reactions. These reactions occur naturally, but they are accelerated in the presence of the enzyme.
Enzymes are in charge of catalyzing cell metabolism. Since they are proteins, they need an accurate tridimensional structure to accomplish their function. There is a limited temperature and pH level at which they lose that structure and denaturalize.
Concerning the reaction, in the enzyme's presence and absence, the substrate and the product are the same.
The main difference is the activation energy required to carry out the reaction.
Let us remember that activation energy is the one required to create or break bonds between molecules. Usually, the higher the activation energy is, the slower the reaction occurs.
In the presence of the enzyme, the reaction needs a lower activation energy than in its absence.
Without the enzyme ⇒ higher activation energy ⇒ slower reaction With the enzyme ⇒ lower activation enegy ⇒ faster reaction
According to this framework, the correct option is A. The presence of the enzyme decreases the activation energy.
Note: Since I could not find the complete question, I will attach a graph showing the progress of a chemical reaction with and without the presence of an enzyme. This diagram should be the same as yours.
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Are Africanized honey bees a direct or indirect threat? Why?
Alien bee genus aid in pollination, but the Africanized honey bee is a danger to human health.
What are Africanized honey bees?The African honey bee is of native to most of the central and southern parts of Africa. Its sting is no more menacing than other bees, but it is unusual. It is much more aggressive as compared to other bees, with a propensity to pursue and send many attackers after any perceived threat. Africanized honey Bees are killer bees that are very dangerous because they attack intruders in much greater as compared than European Honey Bees. In Brazil, they have killed some 1,000 humans with victims receiving ten times as compared to the European bees.
So we can conclude that Honeybees help provides us with most of the food we eat, either straightly by pollinating food crops or indirectly by pollinating food sources consumed by domestic.
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if i want to donate bodily tissues and organs in the event of my death, what is the best thing to do to insure that outcome?
The easiest way to ensure that happens is to register my intentions into my state's first-person consent register.
Tissue donation is the process by which a dying person gives away pieces of their body (such as skin, heart valves, ligaments, bones, veins, corneas, etc.) to be used in transplants to treat different deformities, wounds, and other conditions.
The following human tissues which can be considered and utilized during tissue donation in several surgical procedures: nerves, tendons, heart valves, veins, skin, and musculoskeletal tissue.
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Marine Science What causes turbulence?
a. exposure to ultraviolet rays
b. being too high in the atmosphere
c. severe weather in the troposphere
d. unusually high ocean temperatures
which color in the visible spectrum will cause the most plant growth and which will cause the least
According to appearances, Green had the least amount of plant growth, while Blue had the greatest.
According to Petronus's (2016), for photosynthesis to occur, a cellular component like the pigment must be present because it gives plants their colour and traps sunlight in the process. The light spectrum, which is employed in most virtual labs for experimentation, has a tendency to have both long and short waves that contain various colours. Chlorophyll helps the photosynthesizing plant capture both blue and red light, according to Couto. This study makes the assumption that if a plant were exposed to an endless supply of sunshine while wearing a blue light filter, it would grow to its largest feasible size. The text outlines the various hues in the light spectrum that are important for plant growth.
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in general, lymphocytes a) spend most of their time in lymphatic tissue. b) have relatively short life spans. c) have two nuclei. d) are produced and mature only in red bone marrow. e) are located primarily in the blood stream.
Lymphocytes , in general: A) spend most of their time in lymphatic tissue. Hence option A) is the correct answer.
What are lymphocytes?Lymphocyte is a type of white blood cell in the immune system of vertebrates. Lymphocytes have natural killer cells, T cells and B cells. They are found in lymph, which prompted the name lymphocyte.
Lymphocytes make up up to 18% to 42% of circulating white blood cells.
If you have low numbers of lymphocytes , there is a higher risk of infection. Lymphopenia symptoms ranges from mild to serious and are correlated to the severity of the lymphopenia but some people show no symptoms.
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in a cotransduction experiment the alleles a , b , and c were studied. the allele a alone was transduced into an auxotroph 1750 times, b alone 1700 times, and c alone 1725 times. alleles a and b were both found 11 times, b and c 117 times, and a and c 15 times. what can you definitely conclude?
We can definitely conclude that genes b and c are more closely linked than a and b or a and c.
Define alleles?
Leading courses on genetics and evolution define a allele as a variant that has the same sequence of nucleotides at the same location on a lengthy DNA molecule.
A locus is the chromosomal or genomic location of a gene or any other genetic element, and alleles are different DNA sequences found at a locus.
An identical trait is determined by a pair of alleles, such as eye color, where one allele codes for black eyes and the other for brown eyes.
The genotype is made up of all the alleles that an organism possesses. The genotype of an organism is referred to as homozygous if a pair of alleles is comparable.
Therefore, we can definitely conclude that genes b and c are more closely linked than a and b or a and c.
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What is a limitation of the model in representing the steps of transcription and translation?
motion can be described through a change in___________
A speed
B distance
C Position
D time
Answer:
speed
Explanation:
You may need scratch paper for this one. deafness in cocker spaniels is inherited. the allele for deafness (d) is recessive to the allele for hearing (d). two cocker spaniels that are heterozygous for hearing are mated together. what is the chance that a puppy will be deaf?
The chances that a puppy will be deaf is 25%.
The term "allele" refers to a gene's alternative form or versions. People inherit one allele for each autosomal gene from each parent, and the alleles are usually classified.
In genetics, heterozygous means having inherited different versions (alleles) of a genomic marker from each biological parent.
If they are both heterozygous, they have the Dd genotype. If you draw a punnet square Dd x Dd, you will get the following genotypes for the puppy: DD, Dd, Dd, dd.
Due to the fact that deafness is recessive, the puppy must be dd, which is 1/4 (25%).
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scientists studying the origin of life have accomplished which of the following steps? scientists studying the origin of life have accomplished which of the following steps? abiotic synthesis of rna 's bases ( a , c , g , u ) abiotic synthesis of protocells with self-replicating, catalytic rna formation of protocells that use dna to direct the polymerization of amino acids formation of vesicles that use rna as a template for dna synthesis
The steps achieved by scientists studying the origin of life are:
abiotic synthesis of RNA 's bases ( A, C, G, U ).abiotic synthesis of protocells with self-replicating, catalytic RNA.RNA is the Ribonucleic Acid. It contains a ribose sugar and the nitrogenous bases are: adenine, guanine, uracil and cytosine. There are two types of RNAs: the coding RNA and the non-coding RNA. m-RNA belongs to the category of coding RNA while r-RNA and t-RNA belongs to the category of non-coding RNAs.
Protocells are the self-organizing spherical ball of lipids that have the potential to give rise to life. It acts as the stepping stone for the origin of life.
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which disorder results in decreased erythrocytes and platelets with changes in leukocytes and has clinical manifestations of pallor, fatigue, petechiae, purpura, bleeding, and fever?
Pallor, purpura, petechiae, increased risk of mucosal bleeding, increased risk of infection, and weariness due to pancytopenia are all signs of aplastic anaemia.
When the body ceases making enough new blood cells, aplastic anaemia develops. You get worn out and more vulnerable to infections and uncontrolled bleeding as a result of the disease. Aplastic anaemia is an uncommon and dangerous illness that can appear at any age.
The bone marrow, the sponge-like substance inside our bones, is where the stem cells in aplastic anaemia are damaged. The bone marrow's stem cells can be harmed by a variety of illnesses and ailments. As a result, less red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets are produced by the bone marrow.
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Which term applies to an individual who possesses two recessive alleles for the same trait? Choose the correct answer.
O mutated
O haploid for the trait
O homozygous for the trait
heterozygous for the trait
A person must be homozygous for the trait if they have two recessive alleles for it.
What are alleles?One of two or more genes that may alternate at a specific location (locus) on the chromosome is known as an allele, also known as an allele. The phenotype of a particular trait may be influenced by a single allele, multiple alleles, or pairs of alleles.
The mix of alleles that an organism possesses creates its genotype. The genotype of the organism is referred to as homozygous for that trait if the paired alleles are the same. The organism's genotype is heterozygous if they are different.
In heterozygous matings, dominant alleles abolish the features of recessive alleles. Alleles, however, can co-dominate for some features. H. Neither recessive nor dominant. For instance, in the human ABO blood group system, recessive traits result in homozygosity for the gene. Because there is no dominant gene to cover up the recessive allele, it is expressed.
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mmediately after the repolarization phase of an action potential, the neuronal membrane is temporarily unable to respond to the stimulation of a second action potential. the brief pause is called the refractory period. what must happen to
The ball domain is released from the channel pore and the channel turns back to closed state after the repolarization phase of an action potential.
The ball domain here describes the ions flowing in and out of the cells in response to the action potentials. A portion of the neuron becomes positively charged when Na+ channels open at the beginning of an action potential, allowing a flood of Na+ ions from outside the cell to enter. This is called depolarization. K+ ions from inside the cell flood out when K+ channels open, making that region of the neuron membrane more negatively charged. This is termed as repolarization. These mechanisms are what alter the cell membrane's voltage.
The brief pause between the opening of these two channels to initiate a second action potential is termed as refractory period. It describes the time it takes for an excitable membrane to reach a resting state after responding to a second stimulus in terms of action potentials.
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Complete question is:
Immediately after the repolarization phase of an action potential, the neuronal membrane is temporarily unable to respond to the stimulation of a second action potential. the brief pause is called the refractory period. what must happen to the voltage-gated sodium channel for the refractory period to end?
